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Case Study Analysis

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Table of Contents

Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................3

Introduction......................................................................................................................................3

Case Analysis...................................................................................................................................4

Recommendation.............................................................................................................................6

General Industry Recommendation.............................................................................................6

Leadership Recommendation.......................................................................................................6

References........................................................................................................................................8
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Executive Summary

The aim of this report is to provide knowledge related to ethics, justice and responsible

management within hospitality sector. The report develops a case study related to unethical

behavior with the core example of case study that is JUST FOOD PROJECT: MIGRANT

LABOUR. The report finds that it is important for the organization within the hospitality sector

to follow ethics and the role of ethics within the organization can be determines with the help of

theories i.e. equity and equality theory and Procedural justice. The report recommends that the

company should engage, communicate and train their staff so that regular, good and consistent

communication and training will help the business and their workers to embed the ethical culture

at the workplace. It should be important for the leader to follow some core values like honesty,

integrity, respect for others, trustworthiness, accountability and so on.

Introduction

This report explores major justice and ethics theories and applies these in the context of

international hospitality context. It critically examines the impact of unethical practices on global

hospitality and different challenges related to business practices and current norms. Towards the

complex issue at global level, effective and best practices of leader will be analyzed.

Objectives

 To recognize and appraise the effective importance of ethics and contemporary ethical

dilemmas within the hospitality sector in the context of business.

 To examine and challenge different complexities related to unethical business practices.

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 Application of different concept and theories related to justice and what this means to

have a just for the society.

 To evaluate the importance and community engagement impact within the hospitality

sector

 To provide recommendation to organization related to hospitality sector to setting out a

connection to the business ethics within the industry

 To provide suggestion to the hotel manager to improve their responsible and ethical

leadership.

The case study that develops on the basis of example i.e. JUST FOOD PROJECT: MIGRANT

LABOUR. The case study is mainly based on the labor and food. The case study mainly focuses

on the Canadian Context and employs migrant labor that is a way of unpacking different

concepts towards labor, revitalizing process and system related to food within hospitality sector.

The case study mainly explores about The Temporary Foreign Worker Program that has multiple

streams which are linked to food and law wage stream that include the services related to food

(The University of British Columbia, 2020). Asians were often regarded as unfair competition to

white Canadians who will responsible to harbor a perceived fear related to Asian workers that

bring violence and corruption. To improve the ethics within the workplace, SAWP aims to

increases the food security of Canadians because food insecurity mainly driver for migration and

with the migrant workers’ remittances sent back to the home countries in order to purchase the

household food.

The alternative food moment in Canada discourage centers around local food that is being more

ethical and sustainable compared to migrant workforce. Both types of supply chain are supported

by the migrant workforce and locality cannot be equated with morality. It is required for the
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workers within fast food to follow ethics. Most of the employee within fast food industry is

teenager and young and they have lacked the skills to fulfill demanding service position and also

having high rate of turnover.

The case study mainly discusses about the importance of ethics within the hospitality industry

and explores why it is important to keep their customers happy and also ensuring the success of

their company (Ferrell et al., 2019).

Case- Ethical Amy (EA) has been just started their working within Sun Hotel. Mary has been

working for them from last five years. Mary explains to EA that as a server, this is her job for

taking orders and also able to deliver food for the guest who are at pool side. Mary mainly

discusses that days can be long so that sometimes she sneaks food and drinks for herself and she

tells EA that no one is getting so hurt from few drinks here and there and guest forgot the items.

EA is concerned towards this type of behavior so she asks what Mary do if their supervisors ever

ask related to missing items and increase the cost of food. EA explains to Mary that her behavior

is unethical. Ethics are known as established principle which forms a belief system which will

make a difference between what is right and what is wrong.

Case Analysis

Ethics for hospitality workers

Ethics are especially effective within the hospitality industry because most of the workers are

faced the range of ethical dilemmas. Most of the professionals and workers within the hospitality

sector are having opportunity to do something that is against an ethical value like taking of food

because it is no big deal (Astolfo and Boano, 2020). Within the ethical dilemma, the person

chooses between being what is wrong or doing what is ethical because it is a right thing to do. In
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order to analysis the food system for migrant worker, there are various important ethics within

the hospitality sector such as integrity, trustworthiness, respect for others and accountability.

The internal force that drives the desire and honesty for doing right things is known as important

ethics. She tells Mary that her willingness is to break the rules or lie shows the lack of integrity at

the workplace. If the business within the hospitality industry does not have integrity then the

clients are not able to make trust towards they will serve their interest at best manner (Dimitriou

and Ducette, 2018).

Trust is highly essential at the workplace so that the case stated that EA tells to Mary that if you

cannot be trustworthy than customers will not come to hotel and supervisor will not give a good

tasks. These will same goes with the supervisors they have to be trustworthy so that staff within

the workplace feels that they can approach them. If there is lack of trust at the workplace for the

food worker within hospitality than whole company will suffer.

EA also explains that having effective level of respect towards other is also an essential principle

of ethics. This will mean that the worker is interested in doing that is good for others and the

business will able to provide them value as a person (Gürlek, 2020). This type of situation gives

opportunity to migrant worker to provide respect to client as well as their co-worker. She tells to

Mary that effective level of respect for others will build trust and shows that you are effectively

interested within their overall well-being of the business where the migrant worker working for.

Equity and Equality theory

Equity theory mainly focuses on determination whether the resources distribution within workers

are fair to both rational partners. The theory proposes that individual person who perceive

themselves as either under rewarded or over-rewarded will experience distress and this type of
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distress will always lead to various efforts for restoring equity within the relationship (Adhikari,

2017). As per the case study, it has been evaluated that immigration in Canada has been shifted

since 1970s so that majority of worker no longer enter as permanent residents but as temporary

migrant worker at the workplace. The families of migrant worker cannot survive financially

within their home country because the lack of resources and for them foreign work is often the

only viable option to them in terms of change and social mobility. The migrant workers have

different circumstances and allocate the exact resources as well as opportunities which are

needed by them to reach the outcomes at equal manner. Sometimes, the allocation of resource

may be different on the basis of race and racism which means the political construction has been

created in order to concentrated on power among the white people and legitimizes dominance

over non-white people. On the other hand, equality theory states that individual and the group of

people are responsible to give same opportunities and resources. Equality is mainly responsible

for dividing the resource within matching among and equality dividing resources proportionally

to achieve the fair outcomes (Mental Floss, 2020). As per the case study, it has been explored

that equity and equality theory is applied to analysis racism which involves that one group is

having power to carry out systematic discrimination that is based on race with the help of

institutional practices and policies.

Procedural justice

The theory of procedural justice is the fairness of process that may depend on the procedure

producing the correct results. The case which is created within the assignment is mainly in the

context of unethical behavior of Mary so that procedural justice theory is applied towards the

various setting and it improves the relationship between the supervisor and employee. As per the

prior case study, it has been evaluated that there is discrimination for migrant workers within
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hospitality sector on the base of race and racism. The theory has been applied to treat people

along with dignity and respect, giving citizens voice during encounters, being neutral within the

decision making process and covey motives with high level of trustworthiness (Yale Law

School, 2021). It has been explored from the case study that recognitation of food system is

considered as project based racial ideology which is important to understand the justice towards

food. Because of the discrimination based on color many of the food workers received poverty-

level wages, also face high level of food insecurity, disease related to diet and also suffer from

the abuses of labor and inequalities within resources. To produce the correct and fair results most

of migrant workers contextualize contemporary food system inequalities with implication of

intergenerational trauma and mobilizing for system change.

Recommendation

General Industry Recommendation

 The business should engage, communicate and train their staff so that regular, good and

consistent communication and training will help the business and their workers to embed

the ethical culture at the workplace. This will provide support routes for staff and the

business will require developing clear routes in order to report suspected fraud and

violation in the context of policies and ethical behavior of the company. With the help of

this, the business can learn about what really matters within the organization (Hedborg,

2020).

 The hospitality sector business organization should develop code and also make ethical

performance as the strategic priority of the business. The ethical codes and conducts will

be helpful for the business to set the objectives, standards and expectation which is a key
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requirement for the ethical performance of the business. The ethical codes will make a

connection of business ethics and needs to be supported by focus on ethical performance

towards wider decision making.

Leadership Recommendation

Ethical leader are role models who will communicate the importance of ethical standards and

also hold their employee who are accountable for the standards which design environment for

conducting ethical behavior.

 It is important for the leader to define and align towards morale. When the leader

becomes a part of the hospitality organization, there are set of norms which will be

essential to make up the organizational culture. It should be important for the leader to

follow some core values like honesty, integrity, respect for others, trustworthiness,

accountability and so on (Staron, 2020). The leader should define these core values and

align with them with their priorities as a leader by demonstrating these values along with

actions, decisions and behaviors.

 Within the hospitality sector, manager and executive faces daily challenge towards

conflict resolution. When this type of thing ignored, it can disrupt the momentum towards

any leader, team member and employee but the management of conflict can be tricky. For

this, the leader should concern towards the welfare of everyone within the workplace so

that they will provide safe environment to employees and staff for reporting of unethical

behavior.

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References

Adhikari, S. 2017. Equity Vs Equality: 20 differences !. [Online]. Available at:

https://www.publichealthnotes.com/equity-vs-equality/ (Accessed: 24 June 2021).

Astolfo, G. and Boano, C., 2020. The imperfect ethics of hospitality: Engaging with the politics

of care and refugees’ dwelling practices in the Italian urban context.

Dimitriou, C.K. and Ducette, J.P., 2018. An analysis of the key determinants of hotel employees'

ethical behavior. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 34, pp.66-74.

Ferrell, O.C., Harrison, D.E., Ferrell, L. and Hair, J.F., 2019. Business ethics, corporate social

responsibility, and brand attitudes: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Research, 95,

pp.491-501.

Gürlek, M., 2020. How does work overload affect unethical behaviors? The mediating role of

pay dissatisfaction.

Hedborg, C. 2020. Five steps to improve ethical performance. [Online]. Available at:

https://www.cgma.org/blogs/five-steps-to-improve-ethical-performance.html (Accessed: 24 June

2021).

Mental Floss, 2020. What’s the Difference Between Equity and Equality? [Online]. Available at:

https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/625404/equity-vs-equality-what-is-the-difference

(Accessed: 24 June 2021).

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Staron, L, 2020. How to Succeed: 8 Tips to Be an Ethical Leader. [Online]. Available at:

https://talkingtalent.prosky.co/articles/how-to-succeed-8-tips-to-be-an-ethical-leader (Accessed:

24 June 2021).

The University of British Columbia, 2020. JUST FOOD PROJECT: MIGRANT LABOUR.

[Online]. Available at: https://cases.open.ubc.ca/just-food-project-migrant-labour/ (Accessed: 24

June 2021).

Yale Law School, 2021. Procedural Justice. [Online]. Available at: https://law.yale.edu/justice-

collaboratory/procedural-justice (Accessed: 24 June 2021).