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Probability
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Random Variables
Statistics and Probability – Senior High School
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Random Variables and Probability Distributions
First Edition, 2020
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Let Us Learn
This chapter deals with descriptive statistics, which focuses on sets of
measurable data that people experience in their daily life encounter.
Primarily, the topics are the key concepts of random variables, possible values
of random variables and their applications. Modern technology opens an
avenue for opportunity and connectivity on the exact information needed in
everyday life through various sources such as electronic communications,
television, newspapers and etc. However, such information or data will be
verified accurately through statistical analysis, thus, making statistics is very
useful in all human endeavors. With this, the lessons provide students better
understanding and appreciation of the lessons that involved higher and
practical applications, and interpretations of the concepts to challenge
students to think deeply and sharpen their critical thinking and reasoning
abilities.
Let Us Try
Direction: Read each item carefully.Using your answer sheet, determine
whether each of the following has discrete or continuous random variable.
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Student 1 - P50.00
Student 2 - P25.00
Student 3 - P100.00
Student 4 - P75.00
Student 5 - P125.00
Let Us Study
Random Variables
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b. Numerical or Quantitative Variables
They are variables that are classified according to numerical
characteristics like temperature, height, weight, average grade, scores in the
quarterly examinations, daily allowance and average internet consumption.
Examples are:
Number of children who received with polio vaccine, the number
of males and females who are officially enrolled in public schools,
and a number of public utility jeepney registered in the Land
Transportation Office.
Examples are:
Temperature, age, height, distance, IQ, weight and daily
expenses.
Example 1. In tossing two coins, one may use capital letter X, to denote a
random variable in the statistical experiment, this can be illustrated in the
possible outcomes as :
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Event Sample No. of Heads (x)
Space/Outcome (X)
1 HH 2
2 TT 0
3 TH 1
4 HT 1
Example 2. A box contains one red ballpen, and one black ballpen. Two pens
are drawn in successions without replacement. Find the possible outcomes
and the values y of the random variable Y, where Y is the number of red
ballpens.
Let Us Practice
A. Determine whether each of the following has discrete or continuous
random variable. Write D if dicrete random variable and C if continuous
random variable.
1. Number of foreigners migrating to the Philippines every year for
the last 5 years
Year – No. of foreigners
2011 – 650,000
2012 – 690,000
2013 – 750,000
2014 – 790,000
2015 – 801,500
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4. The boiling point of water is 1000C.
5. The volume of a soft drink bottle is 1 liter.
6. The monthly income of five (5) working mothers are:
Mother 1 – P15, 000.00
Mother 2 – P10,912.00
Mother 3 – P8,501.00
Mother 4 – P35,550.00
Mother 5 – P23,333.00
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4. The total family expenses in a business trip for the month of
May 2019:
Family 1 – P25,000.00
Family 2 – P35,500.00
Family 3 – P25,525.00
Family 4 – P23,732.00
Family 5 – P29,999.00
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Let Us Remember
A. Select the letter of your correct answer.
1. A __________is a specific characteristic or attribute with the
population of interests that varies or changes to any individual or
things.
a. sample space b. experiment
c. variable d. sample
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Let Us Assess
A. In your separate answer sheet, write T if the statement is true. Write F
if the statement is false and kindly supply the correct answer.
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Event Sample No. Sample
space/outcome (E) points(e)
1 MAD 3
2 MDA 1
3 ADM 0
4 1.)A____ 2.)____
5 3.)D___ 4.)____
6 5.)D____ 6.)____
Let Us Enhance
A. Fill-in the blanks. Write your answers on another sheet of paper.
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B. Select which of the following random variables is either discrete or
continuous. Inside the box, kindly write ONLY the item number which
corresponds to your answer.
10. The total area of the farm lot for sale with its costs:
100 square meter – P200,000.00
200 square meter – P250,000.00
300 square meter – P300,000.00
400 square meter – P350,000.00
500 square meter – P400,000.00
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Let Us Reflect
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Let us Let us Let Us Try
Practice Practice
A
more
1. D
1. Continuous
A.
1. D 2. C
2. Continuous
2. C 3. D
3. D 3. Discrete
4. C 4. C
5. D 4. Continuous
6. C 5. C
5. Discrete
7. D
6. C
8. C 6. Continuous
9. D 7. C
10. D 7. Discrete
8. D
8. Continuous
B.
9.D
1. C 9. Discrete
2. B/C 10 D
3. B/C 10. Continuous
4. A
Answer Key
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Let us Enhance Let us Assess Let us Remember
A. A.
1. Population 1. F (Variable) 1. C
2. Quantitative 2. T 2. D
3. Random variable 3. F (Some) 3. A
4.Categorical/quali 4. T 4. B
tative
5. F (Quantitative) 5. A
5. Letters in the
alphabet 6. T 6. A
B. 7. F (Continuous) 7. B
Discrete Variables: 8. T 8. C
2, 4, 6, 8 9. F (Random 9. D
variables)
10. E
10. T
Continuous
Variables: B.
1,3,5,7,9,10 1. A
2. B
3. A/B
4. A/B
5. A/B
6. A/B
References
Roland S. Zorilla et.al, Statistics and Probability for Senior High School:
Mutya Publishing House, Inc., 2016, 2 – 13.
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