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Prescribing decisions should be made based on the approved package insert in the country of prescription.
To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of SAR260301 administered as monotherapy and either on a once
daily (QD) or twice daily (BID) schedule, to patients with advanced solid tumors or lymphomas.
Part B
To determine the MTD of SAR260301 administered in combination with the recommended standard dosage of
vemurafenib to patients with unresectable/metastatic BRAF mutated melanoma.
Secondary
To characterize the overall safety and tolerability profile of SAR260301 administered as monotherapy (Part A) and in
combination with vemurafenib (Part B).
To characterize the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of SAR260301 administered as monotherapy (Part A) and in
combination with vemurafenib (Part B) as well as vemurafenib PK in combination with SAR260301 (Part B).
To assess preliminary antitumor activity according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)
Version 1.1.
To assess the preliminary antitumor activity using volumetric computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI).
To evaluate the pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of SAR260301 in the blood and tumor.
To identify the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of SAR260301 in combination with vemurafenib (Part B only).
To explore predictive markers of response. To evaluate pre-existing phosphatase and TENsin homologue (PTEN) status
in archival or fresh tumor samples and correlate PTEN deficiency with clinical outcome in subjects treated with
SAR260301.
To evaluate other potential genetic alterations in the context of PTEN deficiency and correlate with clinical outcome.
To explore the platelet function assay PFA100® as a potential useful point-of-care biomarker of PI3Kβ
(phosphoinositol-3-kinase beta) inhibition.
Methodology: This was an open-label, non-randomized, dose-escalation, safety, tolerability, PK and PD evaluation study of
SAR260301, given alone or in combination with vemurafenib, following a continuous daily schedule of 28-day cycles.
This study planned to initially include 2 parts (Part A and B):
Part A:
Dose escalation study for the evaluation of the tolerability, safety, PK, and PD of SAR260301 administered as
monotherapy in patients with solid tumors or lymphomas, with enrichment for tumor types with a high expected rate of
PTEN deficiency.
Part B:
Dose escalation study for the evaluation of the tolerability, safety, PK, and PD of SAR260301 administered in
combination with the approved dose of 960 mg BID of the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib in patients with BRAF mutated
melanoma.
Initially, enrollment of the first cohort in the Part B combination phase was to start after the completion of DL2 in Part A for an
escalation in parallel thereafter. Following preliminary PK, the recruitment for Part B was put on hold until completion of dose
escalation in Part A, and the protocol was amended to allow for testing additional dose levels, and to adjust the dose according to
body surface area (BSA) to partly control exposure variability (Further details can be found in protocol Amendment 4 located in
Appendix 16.1.1).
Dose levels according to the latest protocol amendment are listed in the following table.
SAR260301 Dose Levels (DL) in Part A
SAR260301
DLa Up to Amendment 3 Amendment 4b
A-DL1 100 mg QD
A-DL2 100 mg BID
A-DL3 200 mg BID
A-DL4 400 mg BID
A-DL5 600 mg BID or 330 mg/m² BIDb
A-DL6 800 mg BID or 440 mg/m² BIDb
A-DL7 - 550 mg/m² BID
A-DL8 - 660 mg/m² BID
a Intermediate dose levels could be tested, after agreement between the Sponsor and investigators (Study Committee).
b Adjustment of dose according to body surface was implemented in new patients to be treated at the DL being tested at the time of
implementation of the Amendment 4. Further details can be found in protocol Amendment 4 located in Appendix 16.1.1.
The first dose level of SAR260301 that was planned to have been tested in the Part B combination study (B-DL1) was to have
been 2 dose levels below the MTD or the highest dose tested in Part A. The initial dose of vemurafenib to have been tested in
combination was to have been 720 mg BID, corresponding to 75% of the full dose for that drug. In dose level B-DL2, the
vemurafenib dosage was to have been increased to 960 mg BID, while SAR260301 was to have remained the same as that tested
in B-DL1. Once B-DL2 was found safe, the SAR260301 dose escalation in combination was to have been pursued.
Expansion cohort in Part A and B (to confirm the MTD):
Upon completion of the dose escalation phase, a preliminary RP2D (pRP2D) was to have been assessed by the Study Committee
for the expansion cohorts (in Part A and in Part B), primarily based on safety, tolerability and PK data. However, PK and PD
results could have supported the determination of the RP2D (especially in the case of situations where the MTD could not have
been determined in the absence of DLT at the maximal administrated dose). At the end of each escalation phase of both parts
(A and B), the pRP2D was to have been determined taking into account overall safety and tolerability occurring at all cycles (early
and late toxicities), PK, PD, PK/PD relationships, and antitumor activity.
In Part A (SAR260301 administered in monotherapy), 10 additional patients with PTEN deficient solid tumors or lymphomas were
planned to have been added at the pRP2D to further assess safety (especially any cumulative toxicity, which had to be taken into
account), antitumor activity, and PD.
In Part B (SAR260301 administered in combination with vemurafenib), it was planned to have 15 additional patients who were
PTEN deficient, BRAF mutated melanomas treated at this pRP2D for confirmation of safety (especially any cumulative toxicity,
which had to be taken into account), and evaluation of PK, PD, PK/PD, and antitumor activity. Determination of the RP2D in
combination was to have taken into consideration the same parameters as those used for determination of the SAR260301
pRP2D in monotherapy.
The study was terminated prematurely due to preliminary PK data indicating a rapid elimination associated with a nonsaturable
SAR260301 apparent clearance preventing the achievement of the minimum exposure required for a sustained PD effect.
Number of patients: Planned: approximately 75 (around 40 in Part A and 35 in Part B)
Treated: 21 (Part A only)
Evaluated:
Efficacy: 20
DLT assessment: 21
Safety: 21
During the escalation phase: With or without prior exposure to vemurafenib or other BRAF inhibitor. Patients with only a
partial response to a BRAF inhibitor (<50% decrease in tumor volume by RECIST after 4 months of treatment) could
have been included.
During the expansion phase: Patients who received ≤4 months of vemurafenib or other BRAF inhibitor, or prior regimen
combining a BRAF inhibitor with a MEK inhibitor, and who had either progressive disease, or <50% decrease in tumor
volume by RECIST after 4 months of treatment.
Anterior scans pre-vemurafenib and on vemurafenib treatment had to be made available to the Sponsor or Sponsor
designated central imaging analysis.
Part A & Part B
Patients who were ≥18 years old and had at least 1 measurable lesion by RECIST Version 1.1; archived primary tumor biopsies or
surgical specimens, or biopsies of recurrence or metastasis (requested for all subjects for PTEN analyses and additional
molecular profiling); and at least 75 microns (preferably 125 microns) of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue or a
tissue block available for enrollment and for shipment to the Sponsor, or to a laboratory designated by the Sponsor (or sufficient
material for key evaluations based on Sponsor judgment).
PTEN status:
During the escalation phases, inclusion was not restricted to, but was enriched for PTEN deficiency:
- Documented PTEN deficiency (loss of protein expression by immunohistochemistry [IHC] confirmed retrospectively
by Sponsor or a Sponsor-designated central laboratory). Tumor tissue was also used for assessment of PTEN
status via a variety of other assay platforms.
- Or, in Part A: Tumor types known to have a significant prevalence for PTEN deficiency including, but not restricted
to, KRAS wild-type colorectal, Cowden syndrome malignancies, endometrioid, melanoma (including BRAF wild
type in Part A), prostate, gastric, breast, lung, kidney, pancreas, liver, ovarian, squamous-cell carcinoma of the
head and neck, and thyroid.
During the expansion phases, the patient had to have PTEN-deficient tumors as confirmed prospectively by loss of
protein expression via IHC on archival tumor tissue either locally or by the Sponsor or a Sponsor-designated central
laboratory.
Study treatments
Investigational medicinal product(s): SAR260301
Formulation: 100 mg film-coated tablets
Route(s) of administration: oral
as a single agent,
in combination with the approved dose of the BRAF inhibitor, vemurafenib 960 mg BID, in patients with BRAF mutated
melanoma.
Based on different simulated scenarios (1000 simulated trials on 8 different scenarios), it was anticipated that almost likely around
25 to 30 safety-evaluable patients would be enrolled in Part A and 15 to 20 safety evaluable patients in Part B during the
escalation phase of the study. The actual sample size could have varied depending on the DLTs observed and number of dose
levels actually explored.
In order to complete the assessment of the global safety profile at the MTD, approximately 10 patients had to be enrolled in the
dose expansion cohort of Part A and approximately 15 patients in the dose expansion cohort of Part B. If 3 clinical objective
responses (or less) were observed among 15 patients in the Part B expansion, a response rate of 40% would be ruled out with
less than 10% (precisely, 9.1%) chance to falsely rejecting the drug.
A total of approximately 75 patients were to have been enrolled in the study.
Analysis populations:
Safety population: all patients who received at least 1 dose of study treatment.
DLTs,
Deaths,
Laboratory assessments,
Vital signs,
Electrocardiograms.
All safety analyses were descriptive and performed on the safety population by actual dose level.
Dose-limiting toxicities occurring during Cycle 1 were provided by dose level, with details provided by patient. Moreover, AEs
meeting DLT criteria and occurring after Cycle 1 were also listed.
The primary focus of AE reporting was TEAEs, defined as any AEs that occurred or worsened during the on-treatment period (ie,
from the first administration of study treatment up to 30 days after the last dose). Treatment-emergent AEs were coded using
MedDRA Version 17.1, with intensity graded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Toxicity Criteria Adverse Event
(CTCAE) Version 4.03. Adverse event incidence tables presented the number and percentage of patients by primary system
organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) and sorted by SOC internationally agreed order.
Summary: This study was planned to include 2 parts (Part A and B), of which the second part (Part B) was never initiated due to
the unfavorable PK properties of SAR260301; therefore, only results from Part A are presented in this synoptic report.
Population characteristics:
Twenty-one patients were enrolled and treated as follows:
Of those 21 patients, 19 discontinued due to disease progression and 2 discontinued due to other reasons (ie, “physician and
patient decision” for 1 patient and “patient decision” for 1 patient).
All 21 patients were included in the treated population and were evaluable for DLTs. Twenty patients were included in the
efficacy evaluable population; 1 patient in the A-DL5 cohort was not evaluable for efficacy since her radiological tumor
assessment was performed in an outside facility, albeit disease progression was based on evidence of symptomatic
deterioration.
The primary tumor sites (for >1 patient) at initial diagnosis were the colon/rectum (7 patients), skin (3 patients), breast and
ovary (2 patients each); and the most common histology types (>1 patient) were adenocarcinoma (12 patients) and melanoma
(3 patients). No patients with lymphoma were enrolled. All patients had metastatic disease. Most patients had Stage IV
(11 patients) or Stage III cancer (5 patients) at initial diagnosis. Median time from initial diagnosis and date of first study
treatment dose for all patients was 4.50 years (range: 1.3 to 22.2 years). Most patients (19) had ≥2 organs involved at
baseline, with the most commons organs (for >10 patients) identified as the lungs (16 patients), lymph nodes (12 patients), and
liver (11 patients). The median number of prior lines of anticancer treatment regimen was 4 (ranging from 1 to 9). Eighteen
patients had prior cancer surgery, and 9 patients had prior radiotherapy.
Grade 3 pneumonitis: 1 patient treated at A-DL4 (400 mg BID), was discontinued from the study after completion of
Cycle 1 for disease progression. Grade 1 pneumonitis was incidentally documented on CT scan. The event worsened
from Grade 1 to Grade 3 seventeen days after the last SAR260301 administration. No other cause could be
incriminated. The event resolved with corticosteroids. Further details can be found in the patient’s safety narrative in
Section 15.3.
Grade 3 GGT increased: 1 patient treated at A-DL5 (600 mg BID), was discontinued from the study midway through
Cycle 1 for disease progression, at which time, Grade 3 GGT increased was documented in the context of liver
metastases (Grade 1 at baseline). Grade 3 GGT increased resolved promptly after discontinuation of SAR260301 and in
the absence of initiation of another anticancer treatment. The event was retrospectively attributed to study treatment.
Further details can be found in the “Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events” section.
Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events
All 21 patients had at least 1 TEAE (all grades), of which 13 had treatment-related TEAEs. Nine patients had at least
1 ≥Grade 3 TEAE, of which 2 had treatment-related ≥Grade 3 TEAEs (1 pneumonitis and 1 GGT increased).
The most common TEAEs (reported by ≥3 patients) in all cohorts (all grades), regardless of relationship to treatment, were
fatigue (11 patients); nausea (6 patients); diarrhea and abdominal pain (5 patients each); cough and vomiting (4 patients each);
decreased appetite, headache, constipation, myalgia, back pain, and GGT increased (3 patients each). Five infectious events
were documented: urinary tract infection (1 patient), pneumonia (1 patient), viral infection (1 patient), mucosal infection (1
patient), and upper respiratory tract infection (1 patient). Three bleeding events were documented: hemorrhoids (1 patient),
vaginal hemorrhage (1 patient), and pulmonary hemorrhage (1 patient). The only ≥Grade 3 TEAEs reported by more than
1 patient were GGT increased (3 patients, of which 1 had a treatment-related TEAE [Grade 3 GGT increased DLT]); pleural
effusion and disease progression (2 patients each).
Nine patients had at least 1 treatment-emergent SAE, of which 1 patient had a treatment-related SAE (Grade 3 pneumonitis
DLT). Treatment-emergent SAEs included the following: pleural effusion, abdominal pain, and disease progression (2 patients
each); autoimmune disorder, hypercalcemia, confusional state, syncope, pneumonitis, pulmonary hemorrhage, upper
abdominal pain, and bile duct obstruction (1 patient each). Further details on these patients can be found in the patients’ safety
narratives in Section 15.3.
A patient in the A-DL1 cohort, presented with recurrent pleural effusion due to malignant disease. Study treatment was
interrupted for insertion of a chest tube, but was never reinitiated due to disease progression.
A patient in the A-DL2 cohort, had intermittent abdominal pain at baseline in the context of liver metastases. Study
treatment was interrupted at the end of Cycle 1 for worsening gastrointestinal symptoms and Grade 3 GGT increase
consistent with progression of liver metastases, which was retrospectively confirmed.
A patient in the A-DL2 cohort, presented with syncope on Cycle 1 Day 1, 1 to 2 hours after the evening dose of study
treatment. Study treatment was interrupted and quickly resumed after establishing a diagnosis of post-tussive syncope
due to the pneumonia. Furthermore, the patient had study treatment interrupted at the end of Cycle 5 because of
increased uric acid in the context of persisting diarrhea related to malignant disease (Good’s syndrome - autoimmune
process related to thymic carcinoma). Uric acid was quickly normalized following hydration and allopurinol, but study
treatment was never reinitiated due to evidence of progressive disease.
A patient in the A-DL5 cohort, presented with Grade 2 dehydration (unrelated to study treatment) on Day 15 of Cycle 1
for which the study treatment was interrupted (1 dose omission) but resumed on the same day. There was a slight drop
in the patient’s hemoglobin at 85 g/L from 91 g/L at baseline (Grade 2). The patient was rehydrated with normal saline
and received a transfusion with red blood cells. The event of dehydration resolved on the same day. The patient’s
hemoglobin stabilized at 101 g/L (Grade 1) at the end of Cycle 1.
A patient in the A-DL5 cohort, had study treatment interrupted midway through Cycle 1 for headache and Grade 3 GGT
increased (Grade 1 at baseline). The patient was found to have new punctate brain lesions and an increase in size of
liver lesions. The patient was discontinued from the study for disease progression, and Grade 3 GGT increased
recovered promptly after discontinuation of SAR260301 and in the absence of initiation of another anticancer treatment.
GGT increase was retrospectively attributed to study treatment and was considered to be a DLT.
A Patient in the A-DL6 cohort, midway through Cycle 2, had vomiting, fever and increased transaminases (Grade 3)
found later to be due to obstruction of a biliary stent due to disease progression. The event resolved with replacement of
the stent.
Laboratory Results
Overall, there were no relevant laboratory abnormalities.
The only ≥Grade 3 hematologic abnormalities were 3 cases of lymphopenia (all Grade 3). For all of these patients,
lymphopenia was present at baseline (Grade 3 in 1 patient and Grade 2 in 2 patients), and there was no clear evidence of
worsening while on treatment.
≥Grade 3 chemistry abnormalities included:
5 patients with ≥Grade 3 GGT increased, of which only 1 patient had an increase related to SAR260301 (DLT); all
others had an increase related to the underlying malignant disease.
2 patients with ≥Grade 3 ALT increased, of which 1 patient also had concomitant Grade 3 AST increased; all were
related to the underlying malignant disease.
1 patient with Grade 3 hypokalemia (concomitant to Grade 3 decrease in bicarbonate and increased uric acid) occurring
20 days after the last administration of SAR260301. The patient was discontinued from the study due to progressive
disease, in the context of thymoma-associated autoimmune enteropathy.
4 patients (2 in the A-DL4 and 2 in the A-DL5 cohort) had thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) >ULN during the
on-treatment period; 2 had above normal TSH present at baseline. One patient with increased TSH at baseline and at
Cycle 2 also had <LLN free thyroxine 4 (FT4) levels at baseline and on treatment.
Cardiac function
No drop in LVEF was documented.
Pharmacokinetic results:
Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained in 21 patients during Cycle 1 Day 1 and 15 patients during Cycle 1 Day 28. During
Cycle 1 Day 1, 1 patient was not excluded from the PK analysis despite having a single episode of vomiting (approximately 40
minutes after oral dosing) since there was no evidence of pill presence in the vomit and the PK parameters of SAR260301
(Cmax and AUCτ) were in the range of those observed in the same dose level for the other patients.
Among the 7 patients treated during Cycle 2 in fed conditions (moderate fat breakfast), 6 patients were evaluable for the
optional pilot food effect study part. One patient was excluded due to a protocol deviation (SAR260301 oral dosing was taken
1.8 hours after moderate fat breakfast instead of within 30 minutes, as per protocol).
Mean PK profiles of SAR260301 concentrations in blood at Day 1 and Day 28 in fasted conditions are presented in Figure 1
and Figure 2, respectively. Mean PK profiles of SAR260301 concentrations in blood in fed conditions are presented in Figure 3.
In fasted conditions, mean PK parameters of SAR260301 in blood at Day 1 and 28 are presented in Table 1 and Table 2,
respectively; PK parameters as a function of dose are illustrated in Figure 4 and Figure 5; the accumulation ratios on Cmax and
AUCτ (Day 28/Day 1) are presented in Table 3; PK parameters of SAR260301 in blood in fed conditions are presented in Table
4; and the pilot food-effect study results are presented in Table 5.
3000
2000
1000
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Nominal Time (h)
SAR260301 - DAY 1
100 mg bid
10000 100 mg qd
200 mg bid
Mean SAR260301 Concentration (ng/mL)
400 mg bid
600 mg bid
1000 800 mg (440 mg/m²) bid
LOQ = 1 ng/mL
100
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Nominal Time (h)
SAR260301 - DAY 28
2000
1000
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Nominal Time (h)
400 mg bid
600 mg bid
1000 800 mg (440 mg/m²) bid
LOQ = 1 (ng/mL)
100
10
0.1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Nominal Time (h)
600
400
200
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Nominal Time (hr)
100
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Nominal Time (h)
SAR260301 - DAY 28
400 Individual values
Mean (SD) values
300
CLss/F (L/h)
200
100
0
100 200 400 600 700 800 1000
Dose (mg)
SAR260301 maximal concentrations were rapidly reached with tmax ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 hours post oral dosing, either on Day 1
and Day 28 (Table 1 and Table 2). Then concentrations decreased rapidly up to the last sampling time, 24 hours for QD or
12 hours for BID regimens (Figure 1 and Figure 2).
Overall, a moderate to high variability was observed for Cmax with CV ranging from 29 % to 116%. A low to high variability was
observed for AUCτ (CV ranging from 20 to 77%).
Based on mean values, the apparent total body clearance at steady state (CLss/F) remained almost constant over the dose range
tested (100 mg BID to 800 mg BID) after repeated oral BID administration. Overall, CLss/F was 165 L/h (CV=42%).
After a single daily dose of 100 mg QD, the mean apparent elimination half-life was 5.2 hours.
10000
AUC0-12 (ng•h/mL)
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
100 200 400 600 700 800 1000
Dose (mg)
SAR260301- DAY 28
10000 Individual values
Mean (SD) values
8000
AUC (ng•hr/mL)
6000
4000
2000
0
100 200 400 600 700 800 1000
Dose (mg)
Based on mean values, exposure increased almost in proportion to the increase of dose, over the dose range 100 mg BID to
800 mg BID (440 mg/m² BID). For an 8-fold increase in dose, Cmax and AUCτ increased by 11- and 13-fold, respectively, on Day 1
and by 9- and 10-fold on Day 28.
Near complete (≥80%) and sustained (≥6 hours) pathway inhibition was observed in only 2 patients (1 from the A-DL5
cohort and one from the A-DL6 cohort). For both patients, Cmax read over 10µM, consistent with the SAR260301 total
drug concentration threshold required to induce significant pathway inhibition as predicted from nonclinical studies. The
results indicated collectively that pharmacologically active concentrations are reached and mechanistic proof-of-concept
is clinically established. Pharmacodynamic data are provided in the Pharmacodynamic Biomarker Analysis Report.
A preliminary PK/PD analysis indicates that maximum inhibition of phosphor-AKT/total AKT significantly correlated with
exposure parameters on Day 28. According to regression lines, the thresholds to reach 60% and 80% inhibition on Cmax
were respectively 7µM and 11µM, and the threshold to reach 60% and 80% inhibition on AUC0-12 were 12 µM.h and
20 µM.h, respectively. The results of this PK/PD analysis are preliminary and may be part of a separate report at a later
date.
Exploratory objectives:
For all 21 treated patients, archival tumor tissue samples were available for retrospective documentation of PTEN
expression. Tumor sample for 1 patient was nonevaluable. The 3 PTEN-null cases were confirmed by central testing. All
remaining cases expressed PTEN. Data will be provided in a separate translational medicine report at a later date.
The impact of SAR260301 on platelet function using the point-of-care PFA100® assay was assessed from A-DL4.
Although inconsistent, there was a trend for closure time prolongation ≥1.3 compared to baseline with Cmax ≥6µM.
These data are preliminary and may be part of a separate translational medicine report at a later date.
Efficacy results:
Twenty patients were evaluable for tumor response by RECIST Version 1.1. No patient had confirmed CR or PR, and most
patients progressed quickly after completion of the first or second cycle. Five patients had stable disease (1 PTEN-null heavily
pretreated patient with colorectal cancer at A-DL6 showed stable disease lasting for 6 months), 14 patients had progressive
disease, and 1 patient was not evaluable.
Issue date: 13-Jan-2016