IMPACT 4.07.

80 03/07/2020

Chassis ID Path
MHHK 805081 25/Description, Design and function//Intake and exhaust system, system description

Model Identity
UD-HDE 132037176

Publish date ID/Operation

27/07/2013

Intake and exhaust system, system description

Intake and exhaust system
Air intake and air filter
Starter element
Exhaust manifold
AVU
Engine brake
VCB
Crankcase ventilation

Intake and exhaust system

Air intake and air filter

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.07.80 03/07/2020

The air intake is completely made of plastic and located behind the rear wall of the cab. The
connection between the cab and the chassis parts is by means of a self-sealing rubber bellows (1) .
At the bottom of the lower connection pipe is a rubber valve (2) for draining out water. The
connection between the air compressor and the clean side of the air intake consists of a pipe (4) .
The filter housing is also manufactured of a plastic and is fitted on a chassis bracket behind the cab.
The filter insert (5) is manufactured of impregnated paper and has fixed seals of rubber at both ends.
The seals also act as guides for the filter cartridge. The filter cartridge must be replaced at the
appropriate service intervals, or else when the warning lamp (6) lights. In demanding conditions an
extra filter (7) can be fitted.

Starter element

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.07.80 03/07/2020

The electrical starter element (1) is available as an optional for the markets with severe winters. It is
activated when the the ignition key is turned to the pre-heating position and the temperature of the
engine coolant is greater than below specified value.

Tech data
Starter element, activation temperature 10 ℃

The pre-heating and post heating time is controlled by the EECU (Engine Electrical Control Unit).
When the starter heater is switched on, the pre-heating symbol lights up on the instrument panel.
In the diagram, the connection times are shown in seconds in relation to the temperature of the
engine coolant. It has the advantage of making starting easier and causing a smaller amount of white
smoke to emerge from the exhaust.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.07.80 03/07/2020

The starting heater relay is placed in the battery box.

Exhaust manifold

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.07.80 03/07/2020

The exhaust manifold is manufactured in three sections of heat-resistant cast iron.

The turbocharger is of the Map Width Enhancement form, which means that the air inlet is divided
into two areas, an internal area and an external one, connected by a ring-shaped space. This form of
turbocharger guarantees efficiency at both high and low engine speeds.

AVU (Air Valve Unit)

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.07.80 03/07/2020

The AVU valve is controlled by the EMS (Engine Management System) (1) . AVU valve is supplied
with air from the compressed air system (3) . When necessary, it releases air to the EPG (Exhaust
Pressure Governor) (2) .

Engine brake
The VEB (Volvo Engine Brake) engine brake consists of two systems:
● EPG

● The VCB (Volvo Compression Brake) has a special rocker arm for the exhaust valves, a special
camshaft with extra lobes on the exhaust cam and a control valve (VCB valve) for the oil
pressure in the rocker arm shaft.

Engine brake performance can be obtained as follows:

● The exhaust valve opens and allows air to enter during the inlet stroke, which gives more air to
compress during the compression stroke.
The exhaust valve opens just before top dead centre on the compression stroke and 'punctures'
compression to reduce output during the power stroke.

●
Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.07.80 03/07/2020

The EPG builds up a back pressure in the exhaust system. This back pressure reinforces the
performance of the compression brake (VCB).

VCB

VCB valve is supplied with full oil pressure from the channel and is connected to the rocker arm shaft
The control valve regulates the oil pressure to the rocker arm mechanism and it is automatically
controlled by the VCB-valve through the EECU.
In normal driving condition, the VCB reduces the oil pressure to the rocker arm shaft, which is
sufficient to lubricate the camshaft bearings and the valve mechanism.
When VEB is activated the VCB valve supplies full oil pressure to the rocker shaft and the
compression brake is activated.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.07.80 03/07/2020

The illustration shows the principle of the valve opening during engine compression braking.
(A) : During engine operation, and oil pressure is low in the rocker arm shaft, no pressure acts on the
hydraulic piston. But since the spring tab holds the rocker arm in contact with the valve bridge, the
rocket arm roller is above the low lobes on the exhaust cam. Thus the low lobes do not affect the
valves and they stay closed.
(B) : VEB activated. The oil pressure has forced the hydraulic piston downwards and eliminated the
valve clearance. The rocker arm roller is now in contact with the basic circle of the exhaust cam.
(C) : The load shoulder is pushing the rocker arm roller. The lower shoulder opens the valve quickly
and briefly. A similar quick valve opening occurs when the decompression shoulder passes under
the rocker arm roller.

Crankcase ventilation

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.07.80 03/07/2020

Crankcase ventilation is of open type, and it has two oil traps located in the rocker cover (1) , and an
external pipe (2) to lead the crankcase gases away.
The gases are fed from the sump directly to the rocker cover (1) on the other side of the timing gear
casing (3) without passing through an oil separator. The undriven gear's rotation creates a surface
which is relatively free from oil.
The oil trap in the rocker cover consists of a cast-in channel (4) with three drains (5) for the
separated oil.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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