Teaching Aptitude-1

1. Which of the following is not a defect of our examination system?

(a) Examination assess only rote memory
(b) Ignores creative abilities
(c) Continuous and comprehensive evaluation system
(d) Over emphasis to written examination

2. Which of the following is Doordarshan’s Educational Television Channel?

(a) Gurukul
(b) Gyan Bharati
(c) Gyan Darshan
(d) Vidya
And:  Gyan Darshan

3. A programme organised for the drop-outs and working class people to secure a university
degree through non-formal agencies of education.
(a)Continuing education
(b)Populaion education
(c)Compensatory education
(d)Modernisation

4. The development of a student’s personality is affected the most by __________.

(a) Discipline at institute
(b) Emotional climate at home
(c) Inherited assets and liabilities
(d) Social orientation of peers and elders

5. Which of the following is the main cause of indiscipline in schools?

(a)Over crowded classroom
(b)Lack of good administration
(c)Cruel punishments
(d)All the above

6. Adult education should be under the authority of:

(a)Non government organisation
(b)Private sector
(c)Educated persons
(d)Government

7. Teaching aids are useful for classroom instruction for:

(a)Making teaching within understanding level
(b)The sake of its use
(c)None of these (d)Reducing verbalism

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8. Which of the following situations would the best for maximum transfer of learning?
(a) Different tasks requiring different responses
(b) Different tasks requiring the same response
(c) Similar tasks requiring different responses
(d) Similar tasks requiring the same response

9. Creativity in the classroom can be promoted by:

(a)Giving creativity exercises
(b)Giving rewards for new ideas
(c)Identifying creative children
(d)All the above

10. Educational psychology is oriented towards:

(a)The application of the principles and techniques of psychology to the solution of the
problems of the class room
(b)The definition of goals for which the teacher should strive
(c)The identification of potentially successful educational procedure
(d)The study of the peculiarities of indivdual children

11. Which one of the following is the most important elements in teaching?
(a) Relationship between teachers and students
(b) Subject matter
(c) Teaching techniques and aids used
(d) Student’s knowledge

12. The capacity to think rationally and act purposefully is:

(a)Perception
(b)Intelligence
(c)Reasoning
(d)Creativity

13. If students do not understand what is taught in the classroom, the teacher should feel,
(a)Terribly bored
(b)To explain it in a different way
(c)That he is wasting time
(d)Pity for the students

14. Which of the following provides more freedom to the learner to interact?
(a)Large group discussion
(b)Seminar
(c)Lecture by experts
(d)Small group discussion

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15. To make learning effective, a goal must be meaningful in terms ______ ?
(a) Objectives of the curriculum
(b) Intellectual ideas
(c) Standards of others
(d) The needs and purposes of students

16. “Education is life, not a preparation for life”. This statement summarizes one important
aspect of the educational philosophy of:
(a)Rousseau
(b)Herbart
(c)Froebel
(d)John Dewey

17. Which of the following items of information are important about students to motivate
them for studies?
(a) Learning style
(b) Personality
(c) Socio-cultural background
(d) All of the above

18. KER means:

(a)Kendra Education Rules
(b)Kerala Educational Regulation
(c)Kendra Editors Rules
(d)Kerala Education Rules

19. ________ is the process in which you identify the common aspects or basic relationships in a
variety of specific situations?
(a) Abstraction
(b) Generalization
(c) Problem Solving
(d) Reasoning

20. ‘Main streaming’ is a term associated with:

(a)Environment education
(b)Education for the handicapped
(c)Interage class grouping
(d)Career education

21. The first important step in teaching is:

(a)Organising material to be taught
(b)Knowing the background of students
(c)None of these
(d)Planning before hand

22. You want to develop cooperation and team spirit in students? Which activities would you
propose?
(a) Art
(b) Debate
(c) Project work (d) Quiz
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23. A child who is in the habit of stealing is to be dealt with:
(a)Punishment
(b)Scolding
(c)Counselling
(d)None of the above

24 . Why do teachers use teaching aid?

(a).For students’ attention
(b).To make teaching fun-filled
(c).To make students attentive
(d).To teach within understanding level of students

25. Which characteristics from the following is least connected with a teacher?
(a)Command over subject matter
(b)Command respect from political leaders
(c)Effective verbal communication
(d)Good rapport with the students

26. “Stress should be laid on principle of Co-operative activity, flowing accuracy, initiative
and individualresponsibilty in learning” has been stated by:
(a)Gandhiji
(b)Tagore
(c)Aurobindo
(d)Nehru

27. A good teacher must be

(a).resourceful and dominant
(b).resourceful and autocratic
(c).resourceful and authoritative
(d).resourceful and participative

28. A student raises questions in the classroom. The teacher should:

(a)Scold him for disturbing the whole class
(b)Advise him to learn well
(c)Appraise him and do answer to his question
(d)Pay no attention

29. Which one is the highest order of learning?

(a).Chain learning
(b).Problem-solving learning
(c).Conditioned-reflex learning
(d).Stimulus-response learning

30. A free democratic classroom will be best suited for:

(a)Children who lacks emotional security
(b)Children from authoritarian homes
(c)Children being trained to become free citizen
(d)Children with strong need for guidance

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Teaching Aptitude-2
1 . Which among the following gives more freedom to the learner to interact?
(a).Use of film
(b).Lectures by experts
(c).Small group discussion
(d).Viewing country-wide classroom programme on TV

2. General backwardness in learning arises from:

(a)Extrinsic conditions
(b)Transfer of parents
(c)Intellectual deficiency
(d)None of the above

3 . Which of the following skills are needed for present day teacher to adjust effectively with
the classroom teaching?
(a).Content mastery
(b).Knowledge of students’ needs
(c).Use of technology in teaching learning
(d).All of the above

4. An effective teacher:
(a)Develops higher thinking power in students
(b)Prepares students to pass the examination
(c)Dictates notes to the students
(d)Gives information related to the syllabus

5 . The primary duty of the teacher is to

(a).imbibe value system in the students 
(b).help all round development of the students
(c).raise the intellectual standard of the students
(d).improve the physical standard of the students

6. To all around drawing out of the best in child and man, in body, mind and spirit is the aim of
education according to:
(a)Gandhiji (b)Vivekananda
(c)Aurobindo (d)Tagore
Ans. Gandhiji

7 . Which one of the following is the most important quality of a good teacher ?
(a).Content mastery
(b).Punctuality and sincerity
(c).Content mastery and sociable
(d).Content mastery and reactive

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8. What will you do as a teacher if the students do not attend your class?
(a)Keep quiet, considering the present attitude of students
(b)Think of using some teaching aids for teaching
(c)Know the reasons, and try to remove them
(d)Blame the students for their absence

9 . The most important quality of a good teacher is

(a).Good communication skills
(b).Effective leadership qualities
(c).Concern for students’ welfare
(d).Sound knowledge of subject matter

10. A defense mechanism by which the individual justifies his beliefs and actions by giving
false reasons.
(a)Repression
(b)Regression
(c)Rationalisation
(d)Aggression

11 . Which one of the following is appropriate in respect of teacher student relationship?

(a).Indifferent
(b).Cordial and respectful
(c).Limited to classroom only
(d).Very informal and intimate

12. Which one of the following is an intellectual skill ?

(a)Drawing
(b)Typing
(c)Teaching
(d)Cycling

13 . In a lively classroom situation, there is likely to be

(a).complete silence
(b).occasional roars of laughter
(c).loud discussion among students
(d).frequent teacher-student dialogue

14. An example for primary group:

(a)Crowd in a market
(b)Passengers in bus
(c)Family
(d)Trade unions

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15 . For maintaining an effective discipline in the class, the teacher should
(a).Deal with the students strictly.
(b).Deal with them politely and firmly.
(c).Allow students to do what they like.
(d).Give the students some problem to solve

16. If majority of students in a large class are invariably found dozing, there may be something
wrong with:
(a)The teaching process
(b)The physical atmosphere of the calss room
(c)The students concerned
(d)All of the above

17 . An effective teaching aid is one which

(a).activates all faculties
(b).is visible to all students
(c).easy to prepare and use
(d).is colourful and good looking

18. PTA refers to:

(a)Parent Teacher Association
(b)Private Tutors Association
(c)Principal Teachers Association
(d)Private Teacher’s Association

19 . Those teachers are popular among students who

(a).award good grades
(b).develop intimacy with them
(c).help them solve their problems
(d).take classes on extra tuition fee

20. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good question paper?

(a)Subjectivity (b)Reliability
(c)Practicability (d)Objectivity

21 . The essence of an effective classroom environment is

(a).strict discipline (b).pin-drop silence
(c).a variety of teaching aids (d).lively student-teacher interaction

22. Education is the manifestation of perfection already in man-is a famous quotation made
by:
(a)Froebel (b)Vivekananda
(c)Rousseau (d)Gandhiji

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23 . On the first day of his class, if a teacher is asked by the students to introduce himself, he
should
(a).tell them about himself in brief
(b).ask them to meet after the class
(c).ignore the demand and start teaching
(d).scold the student for this unwanted demand

24. Immediate feedback is an essential characteristic of:

(a)Micro teaching (b)Team teaching
(c)Practise teaching (d)Shared teaching

25 . Moral values can be effectively inculcated among the students when the teacher
(a).himself practices them
(b).tells stories of great persons
(c).talks of Gods and Goddesses
(d).frequently talks about values

26. Teachers who are anthusiastic in the class room teaching:

(a)Simply dramatize to hold the student’s attention
(b)Involve the students in the teaching learning process
(c)Often lack proficiency in the subjects
(d)All of the above

27 . The type of communication that the teacher has in the classroom, is termed as
(a).Interpersonal (b).Mass communication
(c).Group communication (d).Face-to-face communication

28. Which of the following teacher traits are the reasons given by children for not liking the
teacher?
(a)Ignorance of the subject matter (b)Unfairness and favouritism
(c)Unreasonable demands on the children (d)Irritable and bad temperament

29 . For an efficient and durable learning, learner should have

(a).ability to learn only
(b).opportunities to learn only
(c).requisite level of motivation only
(d).desired level of ability and motivation

30. The black-board can be utilized best by a teacher for

(a).Making the students attentive
(b).Highlighting the teacher himself
(c).Writing the important and notable points
(d).Putting the matter of teaching in black and white

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Teaching Aptitude-3
1. If some of the students in the class are found to be using intoxicants, the teacher should
(a)Inform police
(b)Inform the headmaster
(c)Advice them properly
(d)Punish them

2 . By which of the following methods the true evaluation of the students is possible?
(a).Formative evaluation
(b).Continuous evaluation
(c).Evaluation twice in a year
(d).Evaluation at the end of the course
Ans: Continuous evaluation
3. The mental development of the child most closely parallels an increase in:
(a)His ability to get along with others.
(b)His ability to profit from experience
(c)His stock of knowledge
(d)His ability to memorize
Ans. His ability to profit from experience
4 . Suppose a student wants to share his problems with his teacher and he visits the teacher’s
house for the purpose, the teacher should
(a).extend reasonable help and boost his morale
(b).suggest him that he should never visit his house
(c).contact the student’s parents and solve his problem
(d).suggest him to meet the principal and solve the problem
Ans: extend reasonable help and boost his morale
5 . Which of the following qualities is most essential for a teacher?
(a).He should have patience.
(b).He should be a learned person.
(c).He should be a well dressed person.
(d).He should be an expert in his subject
Ans: He should have patience.
6. Which of the following is true about modern evaluation system in secondary school?
(a)Encourages root learning
(b)Continuous evaluation system
(c)Product oriented evaluation
(d)Summative evaluation system
Ans. Continuous evaluation system
7 . For a teacher, which of the following methods would be correct for writing on the
blackboard ?
(a).Writing fast and as clearly as possible.
(b).Writing the important points as clearly as possible.
(c).Writing the matter first and then asking students to read it.
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(d).Asking a question to students and then writing the answer as stated by them.
Ans: Writing the important points as clearly as possible
8. Majority of the teachers in your school want you to be the staff secretary. You are not very
confident. How will you react to the proposal?
(a)Tell them curtly, that you wouldn’t take it up
(b)Tell them that you are not the apt person
(c)Accept the challenge seeking their co-operation in all matters.
(d)Suggest the name of somebody instead
Ans. Accept the challenge seeking their co-operation in all matters.
9 . A teacher can be successful if he/she
(a).imparts subject knowledge to students
(b).prepares students to pass the examination
(c).helps students in becoming better citizens
(d).presents the subject matter in a well organized manner
Ans: .presents the subject matter in a well organized manner
10. Who is the best motivator of a student at school?
(a)The teacher
(b)The headmaster
(c)The management
(d)Peer group
Ans. The teacher
11 . Dynamic approach to teaching means
(a).Teaching should be forceful and effective
(b).Teachers should be energetic and dynamic
(c).The topics of teaching should not be static, but dynamic
(d).The students should be required to learn through activities
Ans: The students should be required to learn through activities
12. Better schooling tends to raise intelligence:
(a)False
(b)Only to some extent
(c)Don’t know
(d)True
Ans. True
13 . The use of teaching aids is justified on the grounds of
(a).Optimizing learning outcomes of students.
(b).Attracting student’s attention in the class room.
(c).Minimizing indiscipline problems in the classroom.
(d).Effective engagement of students in learning tasks
Ans: Effective engagement of students in learning tasks.
14. In a PTA meeting, how would you behave?
(a)Answer very shortly for the questions asked by the parents
(b)Discuss the abilities and weaknesses of the child
(c)Introduce them to the principal
(d)Try to avoid interaction with the parents
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Ans. Discuss the abilities and weaknesses of the child
15 . Using the central point of the classroom communication as the beginning of a dynamic
pattern of ideas is referred to as:
(a).Idea protocol
(b).Systemisation
(c).Mind mapping
(d).Problem – orientation
Ans: Systemisation
16. Quality of teaching is based on:
(a)Discipline in the class room
(b)Attainment of information
(c)Development of rapport with students
(d)Overall development of students
Ans. Overall development of students
17 . What are the characteristics of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation?
(a).It replaces marks with grades.
(b).It helps in reducing examination phobia.
(c).It evaluates every aspect of the student.
(d).All of the above
Ans: All of the above
18. What step will you take, if the noise from the neighbouring class disturbs your teaching?
(a)Go to that class and openly tell the teacher that the noise is quiet distressing
(b)Make a complaint to the principal about the class.
(c)Have a friendly talk with the teacher at some convenient time and discuss about a solution
(d)Go to the class immediately and scold the teacher
Ans. Go to that class and openly tell the teacher that the noise is quiet distressing
19 . Which of the following factors does not impact teaching
(a).Teacher’s knowledge
(b).Learning through experience
(c).Class room activities that encourage learning
(d).Socio-economic background of teachers and students
Ans: Socio-economic background of teachers and students
20. To help a student to select the course of study for higher education is:
(a)Vocational guidance
(b)Personal guidance
(c)Educational guidance
(d)None of these
Ans. Educational guidance
21 . A smart classroom is a teaching space which has
(a).Smart portion with a touch panel control system.
(b).Document camera and specialized software
(c).PC/Laptop connection and DVD/VCR player.
(d).All of the above
Ans: All of the above
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22. An effective teacher should:
(a)Induce the students to learn
(b)Increase pass precentage
(c)Help the students in preparing good notes
(d)Fininsh the course in time
Ans. Induce the students to learn
23 . Which one of the following is considered a sign of motivated teaching?
(a).Students taking notes
(b).Students asking questions
(c).Pin drop silence in the classroom
(d).Maximum attendance of the students
Ans: Students asking questions
24. One of your colleagues request you to do a favour while evauating a student. Whatwould
you do in this situation?
(a)Advice him not to do undesirable things
(b)Pretend to oblige, but do not do any favour
(c)Evaluate the answer book objectively
(d)Scold him and deny the request
Ans. Evaluate the answer book objectively
25 . Effective teaching is a function of
(a).Teacher’s satisfaction
(b).Teacher’s honesty and commitment
(c).Teacher’s liking for professional excellence
(d).Teacher’s making students learn and understand
Ans: Teacher’s liking for professional excellence
26. Which of the following is not a defence mechanism?
(a)Suppression
(b)Aggression
(c)Negativism
(d)Repression
Ans. Suppression
27 . CLASS stands for
(a).Complete Literacy and Studies in Schools
(b).Computer Literacy and Studies in Schools
(c).Centre for Literacy and Studies in Schools
(d).Computer Literates and Students in Schools
Ans: Computer Literacy and Studies in Schools
28. Why do you prefer teaching profession?
(a)Reasonably good salary
(b)It is a comfortable vocation
(c)It is a noble profession
(d)It is a less responsible vocation

29 . Which one of the following is the best method of teaching ?

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(a).Lecture method
(b).Discussion method
(c).Demonstration method
(d).Question-Answer method

30. “Stress should be laid on principle of Co-operative activity, flowing accuracy, initiative
and individualresponsibilty in learning” has been stated by:
(a)Gandhiji
(b)Tagore
(c)Aurobindo
(d)Nehru
Ans. Gandhiji

NATURE OF TEACHING
Q) Which of the following set of statements represents acceptable propositions in
respect of teaching-learning relationships? Choose the correct code to indicate your
answer.
I. When students fail in a test, it is the teacher who fails.
II. Every teaching must aim at ensuring learning.
III. There can be teaching without learning taking place
IV. There can be no learning without teaching.
V. A teacher teaches but learns also
VI. Real learning implies rote learning
Codes:
1. (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v)
2. (i), (ii), (iii) and (v)
3. (iii), (iv), (v) and (vi)
4. (i), (ii), (v) and (vi)
Real learning is not rote learning. So (IV) is definitely wrong, by elimination we are left with 1
and 2.
“Learning” can take place without teaching- i.e. via self-study courses, and life experiences
such as failure in love and competitive exams. So, IV is wrong. Thus, we are left with answer 2.

Q) Assertion (A): Learning is a life long process.

Reason (R): Learning to be useful must be linked with life processes.
Choose the correct answer from the following code:
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true, but (R) is false
4. (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Both correct but R doesn’t explain A. hence answer “2”

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Q) One of the most powerful factors affection teaching effectiveness is related to the
1. Social system of the country
2. Economic status of the society
3. Prevailing political system
4. Educational system
As such if there is inflation and teacher not getting sufficient salary, then teaching effectives
will decline but from the given alternatives, fourth seems most appropriate.

METHODS OF TEACHING
Q) In which teaching method learner’s participation is made optimal and proactive?
1. Discussion method
2. Buzz session method
3. Brainstorming session method
4. Project method
IGNOU B.Ed ES331 ch.8: In project work- student has an important role to play starting from
planning stage to reporting stage. It provides him experiential learning. So 4 is the
appropriate choice. Because he can be proactive. And optimal – because instructor is there to
correct him.
Counter argument:
Discussion method is also optimal and proactive.
Counter of counter argument:  but for shy and introvert students, it may not be proactive.

EVALUATION SYSTEMS
Q) Assertion (A): Formative evaluation tends to accelerate the pace of learning.
Reason (R): As against summative evaluation, formative evaluation is highly reliable.
Choose the correct answer from the following code:
1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
4. (A) is false, but (R) is true

IGNOU B.Ed ES333 Ch.2

 Teacher asking question during the class, giving homework etc. is “Formative
evaluation”. So, yes, it’ll help accelerate the pace of learning.
 Term-end exam at the end are “Summative evaluation”. It’s meant for assigning grades
and judging effectiveness of instruction. So it’s more reliable tool for evaluation than
“Formative”.
So by common sense- A is right but R is wrong.

Q) Effectiveness of teaching has to be judged in terms of

1. Course coverage
2. Students’ interest
3. Learning outcomes of students
4. Use of teaching aids in the classroom
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Student’s Learning outcomes will be high, if teaching was done in effective manner. Hence 3 is
most appropriate.

HIGHER EDUCATION
Q) Which of the following are the demerits of globalization of higher education?
A. Exposure to global curriculum
B. Promotion of elitism in education
C. Commodification of higher education
D. Increase in the cost of education
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
A. (a) and (d)
B. (a), (c) and (d)
C. (b), (c) and (d)
D. (a), (b), (c) and (d)
Exposure to global curriculum can’t be said to be a ‘demerit’. So “A” is wrong and by
elimination we are left with answer-3.

Q) Which of the following statements are correct about deemed universities?

A. The Governor of the State is the chancellor of deemed universities.
B. They can design their own syllabus and course work.
C. They can frame their own guidelines regarding admission and fees.
D. They can grant degrees.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Code:
A. (A), (B) and (C)
B. (B), (C) and (D)
C. (A), (C) and (D)
D. (A), (B), (C) and (D)
Indianexpress May 2016: UGC has allowed the promotor of the deemed universities to be
chancellors. So “A” is wrong. By elimination, we are left with answer-2.
VALUE EDUCATION
Q) The purpose of value education is best served by focusing on
1. Cultural practices prevailing in the society.
2. Norms of conduct laid down by a social group
3. Concern for human values
4. Religious and moral practices and instructions.

Research Aptitude: MCQs and future strategy for UGC NET

In January-2017
In previous exams
exam

Each year minimum 6-7 MCQs from research methodology 7 this time.
15
subject

Internal structure is like this:

 1-2 questions from research types.
 1 from research steps Same
 1-2 from data collection and sampling.
 1 from thesis writing.

 asked about
 They don’t regularly ask questions from “ethics” and
ethics
“seminar, symposium, workshop” each time. (which is a
 Did not ask
blessing in disguise because no standard material available
about workshop-
for it!)
seminar.

Overall easy to moderate level difficult. same

How to prepare research methodology?
 As such plenty of readymade UGC guidebooks (poorly cutpaste from Wikipedia)
available in the market but in the recent years, UGC has tightened the quality of papers. So
their utility has declined.
 So, If you’re simultenously preparing for other entrance exams for research fellow /
Ph.D admission, then better go with the standard book i.e. C.R. Kothari’s Research
Methodology book (3rd edition) .
You DON’T HAVE TO read Kothari’s whole book, but do selected chapters only:
1. Introduction…especially the diagram on page10- routinely they ask this
sequence.
2. Defining the Research Problem
3. Research Design…Skip after topic 3.8
4. Sampling Design.
5. Measurement and Scaling Techniques
6. Data Collection
7. Data preparation…and memorize formulas for optional subject paper II and III.
8. Descriptive statistics…only upto topic 8.1.4. and and memorize formulas for
optional subject paper II and III. No need to do sum. Only formulas asked there.
9. Sampling: do only up to sampling and non-sampling errors. (i.e. upto topic no.9.2)
10. Testing of Hypotheses: only unto the topic “10.3 testing the hypothesis”
…SKIP Chapter 11 to 17
19.Report writing: important chapter. Especially between point 19.5 to 19.11
Anyways, let’s solve the MCQs asked in January 2017’s NET paper, from Research Methodology
topic.
Types of research
Q) The principal of a school conducts an interview session of teachers and students
with a view to explore the possibility of their enhanced participation in school
programs. This endeavor may be related to which type of research?
1. Evaluation Research
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 2. Fundamental Research
3. Action Research
4. Applied Research
Action research is a systematic process of solving educational problems and making
improvements. Hence 3 is most appropriate because Principal wants to ‘improve’ the
participation of teachers and students. (Ref: This google book)
STEPS OF RESEARCH
Q) Which sequence of research steps is logical in the list given below?
1. Problem formulation, Analysis, Development of Research design, Hypothesis making,
Collection of data, Arriving at generalizations and conclusions.
2. Development of Research design, Hypothesis making, Problem formulation, Data
analysis, Arriving at conclusions and data collection.
3. Problem formulation, Hypothesis making, Development of a Research design,
Collection of a Data; Data analysis and formulation of generalizations and
conclusions.
4. Problem formulation, Deciding about the sample and data collection tools Formulation
of hypothesis, Collection and interpretation of research evidence
As per the diagram given on page 10 of C.R. Kothari’s Research Methodology book, the correct
sequence is
1. Define research problem
2. Review literature
3. Formulate hypothesis
4. Design the research
5. Collect data
6. Analyse data
7. Interpret and report.
So from the given options, #3 is the most appropriate sequence.
Q) In doing action research what is the usual sequence of steps?
1. Reflect, observe, plan, act
2. Plan, act, observe, reflect
3. Plan, reflect, observe, act
4. Act, observe, plan, reflect
Action research includes following phases: observe, reflect, plan, act.
But there is no such option. So, if we start the loop from plan-> then it’ll be plan-act-observe-
reflect.
In that case, answer choice #2 is the most appropriate. (Ref: this google book:)
Research Data collection
Q) Among the following, identify the continuous type of data:
1. Number of languages a person speaks
2. Number of children in a household
3. Population of cities
4. Weight of students in a class
From page 118 of C.R. Kothari’s Research Methodology book (3rd Ed.): Broadly there are two
types of data
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1. Discrete: means they won’t have any decimal or fractional values. Only whole
numbers (integers) like 15,16,22,51 lakh. So option no. 1 to 3 are of that nature.
2. Continuous: they can have fractional and decimal values. Weight can be 55.5 kilo or
60 and 1/2 kilo. So 4 is the answer.
Research Methods
Q) Below are given two seat – research methods (Set-I) and data collection tools (Set-
II). Match the two sets and indicate your answer by selecting the correct code:
Set-I Set-II

A Experimental method i Using primary and  secondary sources

B Ex post-facto method ii Questionnaire

C Descriptive survey method iii Standardized tests

D Historical method iv Typical characteristics tests

Answer codes
Codes A  B  C  D

1 ii  i  iii  iv

2 iii iv ii i

3 ii  iii  i  iv

4 ii  iv  iii i
 In descriptive survey method- we’ve to use questionnaires (Because it’s ‘survey). So c-
ii. Automatically the answer is -2. but let’s consider other sets as well:
 Historical method- we have to use primary and secondary sources.
 In experimental method- we can collect data in a way that permit standardized tests.
 Unable to find any specific thing on ex post-facto method’s research tools. But all in all,
2 seems to be the appropriate choice.
Ethics in research
Q) The issue of ‘Research ethics’ may be considered pertinent at which stage of
research?
1. At the stage of problem formulation and its definition
2. At the stage of defining the population of research
3. At the stage of data collection and interpretation
4. At the stage of reporting the findings.
As per this google book: Definition of “Research ethics”: it concerns with issues related to
what is appropriate in conduct of research. This involves consideration of how research
should treat the people who form the subjects if their investigation. So answer  either 1 or 2.
Thesis writing
Q) In which of the following, reporting format is formally prescribed?
1. Doctoral level thesis
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2. Conference of researchers
3. Workshops and seminars
4. Symposia
In doctoral level thesis, the reporting format is formally prescribed. C.R.Kothari’s entire
chapter no. 19 is devoted to this. Hence answer is 1.
Communication questions & strategy for UGC NET/JRF

In previous UGC-NET/JRF exams This time in January 2017

Each time, they’d ask 6 MCQs from

No changes in that pattern.
communication topic.

Earlier, they would stretch it ‘mass

communication’ and ask GK questions
like
 Barkha Dutt is anchor of which
channel
thankfully now the examiner has confined to
 what is the motto of
“classroom communication” related MCQ only.
Hindustantimes,
 when was All India radio
established etc.
 Which TV channel showed xyz
EXIT poll

This time communication MCQs far tougher and

The communication MCQs in August
unusual. Not given in the standard books, not
2016 paper was quite easier
coming in the routine reading.
How to prepare communication topic for future exams?
 Basic theory can be done from NIOS’s Mass communication material [click me for free
download].
 In past, if a person prepared for UPSC civil services, he could automatically clear SSC
and bank exams without separate preparation. But in recent years both SSC and
IBPS(Bank) exams have differentiated themselves in such manner that even SSC topper
may have difficulty clearing IBPS and vice-versa. Because in SSC- trigonometry and
quadratic equations asked- which is not in IBPS, and in IBPS high level DI and syllogism
asked which is not in SSC.
 Same trend is being followed by the UGC-NET these days.
 They want to reduce the edge enjoyed by UPSC/SSC/State-PCS Coaching-walla
candidates against those ordinary college students purely interested in research fellows
and assistant professors jobs.
 Hence UGC asking these tough / abstract MCQs from research, teaching and
communication- to differential itself from the ordinary competitive exams [and therefore,
the readymade guidebooks for UGC-NET are becoming less useful than in the past)

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 Still, the cost benefit for chasing Masscomm GK / abstract theory is bad. Because, there
is no single book or source from where majority of the question can be solved. It’s better
invest time and energy in reasoning, data interpretation and ICT topics.
Anyways, let’s solve the communication MCQs asked in January 2017’s UGC NET paper1.
BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION
Q) When verbal and non-verbal messages are contradictory, it is that most people
believe in
1. Indeterminate messages
2. Verbal messages
3. Non-verbal messages
4. Aggressive messages
When A person says “Everything is okay” but her face shows frustration – is revealing
contradictory verbal and non-verbal cues. When such contradiction exists, we typical believe
the non-verbal cues more than the verbal message. (Ref  this google book)
CLASSROOM COMMUNICATION
Q) The typical feature of information-rich classroom lecture is in the nature of being
1. Sedentary
2. Staggered
3. Factual
4. Sectoral
An information rich lecture is supposed to prompt the student make notes recording keydata,
facts and people (names and dates) with a view to reading up on these later.
So accordingly, 3 is the most appropriate choice. (Ref: This google book)
Q) Positive classroom communication leads to
1. Coercion
2. Submission
3. Confrontation
4. Persuasion
Since term no. 1 to 3 denote negative things, 4 seems to be the appropriate outcome.
Q) Classroom communication is the basis of
1. Social identity
2. External inanities
3. Biased passivity
4. Group aggression
Unable to find a strong reference for this. Or maybe I’m not looking at the right source. Seems
these uncle-ji professors are framing questions from their own unpublished and
unsubstantiated research papers (ghost-written by their research students). This
is becoming ridiculous as UPSC’s art and culture Prelim-MCQs Agrahatta and Pattakilla–
which are also asked from God knows where.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
Q) Expressive communication is driven by
1. Passive aggression
2. Encoder’s personality characteristics
3. External clues
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4. Encoder-decoder contract
In expressive communication, we always reveal every gut feeling, do our own thing, do what
comes naturally and are totally honest without considering the consequences to others in the
situation .
Accordingly, “2” seems to be the appropriate choice. (Ref: this google book)
Q) Effective communication pre-supposes
1. Non-alignment
2. Domination
3. Passivity
4. Understanding

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