I-EST CODE V.

ALLWLV
MAY/JI.JNE 2OO9

COUNCIL
ADvANCED pROFrCiENCy""ExAMrNATroN
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o2r20020tcAPE 2009
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MODULE 1

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The size of a population of organisms is usually affected bf a variety of

factors,
one of which acts as a limiting factor. Figure l'shows the population si of an aquatic algal
species in an ecosystem that experiences variation in nutrient

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Nutrient concentration (mg/t)

(a) What is meant by the term 'limiting factor'? In your response THREEways in
which limiting factors operate. ,; [ 4 marks]
,

(b) with reference to Figure 1, describe how the population size of the algal species
changes with the variation in nutrients. [ 4 marks]

(c) For the relationship between the population size of algae and concentration
reprbsented in Figure 1, exPlain

(i) using EIGIIT points, how the nutrient variation impactslon the PoPulation
of
algae | [Smarks]

(ii) using FOUR points, how the variation in the algae popufation imgacls on,th:
population of otfrer species in the ecosystem. | [ 4 marks]
Total20 marks

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o2t20020lcAPE2009 '''''\'''
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2. (a) Distinguish between 'primary ecological succession' and 'secondary ecological

succession' ; t 3marks]
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(b) Table I shows the current forest area as a percentage of the original forest cover in six
different countries.
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TABLE 1: FOREST COVER FOR SELECTED COUNTRIES IN 1996

Country Current ForestArea

(Vo Original Forest Cover)
Belize (Bz)
2W
Jamaica (Ja) 35.6

Trinidad and Tobago (TT) 35.2

Martinique (Mq) 92.4

Haiti (Ht) 0.8

St Lucia (SL) 51.5

(i) An insert-is provided foi'this qri-estion.

On the axes provided, illustrate the data shown in Table I as a bar chart.
[ 5 marks]

(ii) use the information preienteJ in Table I 'to answer the following questions:

- MOST likely to occur A I lmark]

LEAST likely to occur. ff- I lmark]
b) Provide FIVE reasons to support your'unr*", in EACft in (ii) a)
above. "ur"
[10 marks]

Total20 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

02t20020tcAPE 2009
3. Snail kites are birds that feed on freshwater snails. Figure 2 shows the variation in population
numbers of both snails and snail kites in an ecosystem for the first eight-month period, January
to August, of the year.

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300

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ql
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t 150
A
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50

: . Month

Figure 2. Variation in populatign slze

(a) With reference to Figure 2, describe the variation in the, pbpulation size of BOTH
organisms over the eight-month period. [ 4 marks]
(b) Outline how predation may be of benefit to the prey population represented in Figure2-
[ 4 marks]
(c) Explain how ONE density independent f1cfor may impact the size of the snail population.
t
4 marksl

(d) Assess TWO poSsible impacts on the ecosystem if the population of snails is signifi-
reduced by draining the waterway. t 8 marksl
"lnttt
Total20 marks

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o2120020lcAPE 2009
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MODULE 2

Answer ANY TWO questions.

4. (a) Describe the relationship between per capita GDP and the level of poverty existing in
countries. [ 4 marks]
(b) The graph in Figure 3 shows the relationship between total fertility rate and per capita
gross domestic froduct (GDP) for some countries.

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4

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$0 $5,000 $10,000 ,'$15,000 $20,000 ,, $25,000
, $30,000 $35,000
Gross domestic product per capita_

Figure 3. Total fertility rate versus per capita GDP

(b) (i) outline the relationship between total fertility rate and per capita GDp based
on the graph in Figure 3. t 4 marksl
(lt) Explain how the level of poverty in countries accounts for the relationship
outlined in (b) (i) above. [12 marks]

Total20 marks

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o2t20020tcAPE 2009
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year
5. Figure 4 shows the death rate (DR) and birth rate (BR) of a developing country from the
1900 to 2000.
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1900 1940 1960
Time (years)

Figure 4. Death rate and birth rate of a developing country

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(a) Describe how the growth rate of the population changed between 1908 and 2000.
4 marks]
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(b) Calgulate the doubling time of the population if its rate of growth remains constant
beyond 2000. ; t 6 marksl
(c) Outline TWO factors that may be responsible for the changes in the growth rate of the
population sinqe 1928. :, ,.: : t ,
.. , , [ 4 marks]
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(d) Assess the role of government policies in controlling population growth rate. Include
SIX points in your response.'' ,' i r. [ 6 marks]
Total20 marks

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|, : : ' . .: : :.

o2r20020lcAPE 2009
'
 6. Table 2 presents data for water consumption per capita for developing and developed countries.

TABLE 2: WATER CONSUMP,TION P,ER CAPITA

Group of Countries Water Consumption per Capita (m3)

1:;.
Developing' , 545
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,Developed ,9+8
I ,

(a) Calculate the percentage difference in the per capita.water consumption between
developing and developed countries. t 4 marksl .. r,rl

(b) Describb an environmental imfact associated with high per capita water consumption.
,.' ,, . , , [ 4marks]
(c) Account for the difference in per capita;wate1 consumption between developing and
developedcountries. [ 4marks]
(d) A student wrote the following statement tjldlcd on the'information presented in Table 2.

"The high consumption patte:rns .of deveibpad:countries are responsibte the world's
for

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

o2t20020tcAPE 2009
 MODTJLE 3 'I

Answer ANY IWO questions.

many years
7. The Government of a developing caribbean country has'announced that after
of exploration, major deposits of gold and gravel were discovered in a largely remote and
forested area of the country, Figure 5 presents the results of research conducted
by the
Government on the environmental impacts of mining these two natural reso-urces.

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Habitat loss Water pollution Siltation
of impact

tr'igure 5. impact of mining

(a) Based on the results dePicted
ing these ttvo resources.
(b) Account for the difference in
extracted. Include FOUR Poi
(c) Discuss THREE factors (e
consider before Permitting the
i Figure 5, compare the environmental impact of extract-
e FOUR points in your response. [ 4 marks] '
level of noise pollution when these two resources are
in your response. [ 4 marks]
environmental) that the Government should
of these two resources. [12 marks]

Total20 marks

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o2t20020lcAPE2009 '
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8. Table 3 presents information regarding the impact on mangrove ecosystems of a restricted

freshwater flow and the discharge of sewage at three locations, A, B and C.

TABLE 3: IMPACT ON MANGRpVE ECOSYSTEM

.1.
Location Death of Mangroves
(Percentage)

A 0 Yes Yes
B 0 Yes No v Cc,nkt( .

.C
70' No Yes
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a i function of mangrove
mansrove ecosystems.
r [ 4 marks]
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(b) (i) What can you deduce from the information presented in Table 3? [ 2 marks]
(ii) Justify your response in (b) (i) above. [ 2 marks]
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tnmfeerfarENCII-bfffifl
I Include SlX,points in EACH response.
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(i) ecosystems [ 6 marks]
Reduced freshwater flow through mangrove

(ii) Discharge of sewage in mangrove ecosystems [ 6 marks]

i Total20 marks

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o2t20020tcAPE 2009
9. Figure 6 shows the percentage of 'marketing both specific destinations
and traditional tourism destinations 1985 and 2005. ,

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1985 2005

Figure 6. C trend in tourism travel

(a) With reference to Figure 6, c nt on the trend in the travel market from
2005. [ 4 marksJ
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1985 to
0n*1C0{,^ _ #;*" c\ry'Y t 4marksl
(p) State FOUR possible reasons '.
the trend shown
,.
in Figure 6.
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ecotourism can be used as a tool the conservation

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