Appendix H.

Determination of Base Shear for Selected Structures

Abstract
This appendix indicates the appropriate structural system factors (R) and base shear
equations that should be used for a number of typical refinery structures and types
of equipment. However, the base shear equations that are given are not comprehen-
sive. Refer to equations through and 100-11 through 100-14 for more detail.

Contents Page

H1.0 Determination of Base Shear for Selected Structures H-2

Chevron Corporation H-1 September 2000

Appendix H Civil and Structural Manual

H1.0 Determination of Base Shear for Selected Structures

The appropriate base shear equation that should be used for each type of equipment
or structure is marked by an “X.”

September 2000 H-2 Chevron Corporation

Chevron Corporation

Civil and Structural Manual

Equipment/Structure Types Components R Base Shear Equation Remarks

C v IW ap Ca Ip hx
1.0 Vertical vessels and stacks (w/ or w/o V = ------------- F p = ---------------- ×  1 + 3 ----- W p V = 0.7C a IW
RT Rp  hr
guyed)
1.1. Supported on thick skirt

For T ≥ 0.06 sec Anchorage 2.9 X

For T < 0.06 sec Anchorage 2.9 X

H-3

1.2 Supported on structure

a) For Wv ≤ 25% Ws Vessel & Anchorage X Rigid or flexible equipment
Wv supported on flexible structure

Steel/concrete, Special Support structure 5.6 X Non building structure with

Moment Resisting Frame structure system similar to
(SMRF) building
Steel Ordinary Moment- 4.5 X Same as above
Resisting Frame (OMRF)
Concrete Intermediate 4.5 X
Moment-Resisting Frame
(IMRF)
September 2000

b) For Wv>25% Ws steel & Vessel & 2.9 X Same as above

Ws conc. SMRF, steel OMRF, and anchorage and

Appendix H
conc. IMRF support structure
September 2000

Appendix H
Equipment/Structure Types Components R Base Shear Equation Remarks

C v IW a p C a Ip  h
V = ------------- - × 1 + 3 ----x- W p
F p = --------------- V = 0.7C a IW
RT Rp  hr 
2.0 Horizontal vessels/Exchangers
2.1 On short/rigid piers

For both longitudinal and Vessel and X

transverse directions anchorage
(T <0.06 sec) Support structure X Non building structures
2.2 On flexible piers/tees
H-4

For both longitudinal and Vessel and X

transverse directions anchorage
T ≥0.06 sec

Civil and Structural Manual

Support structure 2.2 X Considered as inverted
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pendulum structure
Chevron Corporation

Civil and Structural Manual

Equipment/Structure Types Components R Base Shear Equation Remarks

C v IW a p C a Ip hx
V = ------------- F p = ---------------- ×  1 + 3 ----- W p V = 0.7C a IW
RT Rp  hr 
3.0 Aircooled exchangers (fin fans)
3.1 Mounted at grade
a. Longitudinal bent concentric steel Braced frame 4.5 X Non building structure w/a
brace frame structural system similar to
buildings.
b. Transverse bent steel OMRF Moment frame 4.5 X Same as above
3.2 Mounted on top of pipeway (less than Alternatively, the fin fan
25% of structure weight) may be coupled and evalu-
a. Transverse bent ated together with the
pipeway as a non-building
structure with a structural
Steel OMRF Fin fan design 4.5 X
system similar to buildings.
H-5

Steel & conc. SMRF or Pipeway design SEE ITEM NO. 4.0 Include reaction from fin
OMRF fan

b. Longitudinal bent
Steel con-centric Fin fan design 4.5 X Same as above for fin fan
braced frame (CBF) design

Steel con-centric Pipeway design SEE ITEM NO. 4.0 Include reaction from fin
braced frame (CBF) fan

Concrete SMRF or Pipeway design SEE ITEM NO. 4.0 Same as above
September 2000

OMRF

Appendix H
September 2000

Appendix H
Equipment/Structure Types Components R Base Shear Equation Remarks

C v IW a p C a Ip  h
V = ------------- - × 1 + 3 ----x- W p
F p = --------------- V = 0.7C a IW
RT Rp  hr 
4.0 Pipeway

Transverse

Longitudinal

4.1 Steel frame main pipeway SMRF 5.6 X Non building structure with
a) Transverse bent OMRF 4.5 X structural system similar to
building
b) Longitudinal bent EBF 5.6 X
CBF 4.5 X
H-6

4.2 Concrete frame main pipeway

a) Transverse bent SMRF 5.6 X Non building structure with
IMRF 4.5 X structural system similar to
OMRF 3.5 X building

b) Longitudinal bent SMRF 5.6 X

IMRF 4.5 X
OMRF 3.5 X
Steel bracing 4.5 X
(CBF)

Civil and Structural Manual

4.3 Steel/concrete cantilever stanchion Cantilever 2.9 X Note difference between
Column pipeway and inverted
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pendulum
Chevron Corporation

Civil and Structural Manual

Equipment/Structure Types Components R Base Shear Equation Remarks

C v IW a p C a Ip hx
V = ------------- F p = ---------------- ×  1 + 3 ----- W p V = 0.7C a IW
RT Rp  hr 
5.0 Horizontal box heater/furnace
5.1 Longitudinal braced frame and/or shear
panel
CBF or shear 4.5 X Non building structure with
panel design structural system similar to
(usually redun- building
dant system)

5.2 Transverse moment frame

H-7

OMRF 4.5 X Non building structure with

structural system similar to
building

5.3 Tall concrete pier/pedestal pier/pedestal 2.2 X Inverted pendulum type

system
September 2000

Appendix H
September 2000

Appendix H
Equipment/Structure Types Components R Base Shear Equation Remarks

C v IW a p C a Ip  h
V = ------------- - × 1 + 3 ----x- W p
F p = --------------- V = 0.7C a IW
RT Rp  hr 
6.0 Vessel on braced/unbraced legs
6.1 Sphere (without top girder or stiffening
ring)

Sphere and 2.9 X Non building structure

braced frame
design
Use same base shear for
design of anchorage and
support structure

6.2 Stack/cylindrical furnace, vertical vessel,

or hopper on cantilever or braced legs
(without top girder or stiffening ring)
H-8

Steel braced legs 2.9 X

Steel cantilever 2.2 X

legs

Concrete canti- 2.2 X

lever

Civil and Structural Manual

Chevron Corporation
Chevron Corporation

Civil and Structural Manual

Equipment/Structure Types Components R Base Shear Equation Remarks

C v IW a p C a Ip hx
V = ------------- F p = ---------------- ×  1 + 3 ----- W p V = 0.7C a IW
RT Rp  hr 
7.0 Boilers

Light steel framed 4.5 X Non building structure with

wall structural system similar to
Transverse
or building

Steel braced 4.5 X

H-9

frame where
bracing carries
gravity
or
Steel OMRF 4.5 X

Longitudinal
September 2000

Appendix H
September 2000

Appendix H
Equipment/Structure Types Components R Base Shear Equation Remarks

C v IW a p C a Ip  h
V = ------------- - × 1 + 3 ----x- W p
F p = --------------- V = 0.7C a IW
RT Rp  hr 
8.0 Cooling Tower

Wooden braced 5.6 X Non building structure with

Transverse frame structural system similar to
building
H-10

Longitudinal

Civil and Structural Manual

Chevron Corporation