Morphology

VERB FORMATION NOUN FORMATION ADJECTIVE FORMATION OPPOSITES. Different parts of speech
Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective
American -ise (BE) Americanise drive -er driver bush -y bushy un- happy unhappy adj
legal = -ize (AE) legalise teach teacher dirt dirty fortunate unfortunate adj
modern modernise fasten fastener hair hairy wind unwind v
popular popularise open opener smell smelly block unblock v
They want to make the factory modern . John drives a bus. He is a bus driver. There was an awful smell in the room. I'm not very happy.
They want to modernize the factory. A can opener is a tool for opening cans. The room was very smelly. In fact I'm very unhappy.

beauty -ify beautify amaze -ment amazement atom -ic atomic in- efficient inefficient adj
liquid liquefy develop development poetry poetic im- possible impossible adj
pure purify pay payment biology -ical biological il- literate illiterate adj
simple simplify retire retirement grammar grammatical ir- regular irregular adj
These tablets make the water pure. Children develop very quickly. This book contains exercises on grammar. It's just not possible to do that.
They purify the water. Their development is very quick. It contains grammatical exercises. It's imposible.

admire -ation admiration pain -ful painful dis- agree disagree v

associate association hope hopeful approve approve v
examine examination care careful order disorder n
organize organization beauty beautiful honest dishonest adj
The doctor examined me carefully. His broken leg caused him a lot of pain. I don't agree with everything you said.
ADVERB FORMATION He gave me a careful examination. It was very painful. I disagree with the last part.

Adjective Adverb Adjective Noun

easy -ly easily cruel -(i)ty cruelty pain -less painless de- centralize decentralize v
main mainly odd oddity hope hopeless increase decrease v
quick quickly pure purity care careless ascend descend v
stupid stupidly stupid stupidity inflate deflate v
His behaviour was stupid. Don't be so cruel. The operation didn't cause any pain. Increase means to make or become larger in amount or number.
He behaved stupidly. I hate cruelty. It was painless. Decrease means to make or become smaller in amount or number.

BUT: Adjectives Verb Adjective

elderly lively dark -ness darkness wash -able washable non- sense nonsense n
cowardly silly deaf deafness love lovable conformist nonconformist n
friendly ugly happy happiness debate debatable payment non-payment n
likely lovely kind kindness break breakable resident non-resident n
deadly
It was very dark. You can wash this coat. The hotel serves meals to residents only.
The darkness made it impossible to see. It's washable. Non-residents are not allowed in.