These three concerning issues that are happening in our modern age are very susceptible to

affecting different sectors of the society. We must be aware of these things in order for us to
understand the impending scenario that might happen. Governments as well as the citizens
must work together as a solid unit in order to fully address these issues.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Climate change is a phenomenon in which there are significant changes in global temperature,
precipitation, wind patterns and other climate measures. This issue is already prevalent during
the mid 20th-Century caused by burning fossil fuels and massive land use change that greatly
contributes to the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere. Every year the case of climate change is
increasing and it gets worse every time. The innovation and introduction of certain products are
also the factors of the sudden increase of it but the most major contributors to climate change is
the human activities.

In the Philippines as the time went on people experience the drastic change in climate every
year. Global Peace Index 2019 showed that Philippines is susceptible to the effects of climate
change ranking at 7th place with most risk to climate hazard and 47% of the population will
most likely to experience climate change. They foresee that the temperature in the country will
rise from 0.9 degree celsius to 1.1 degree celsius by 2020 and 1.8 degree celsius to 2.2 degree
celsius by 2050. This only means that climate change as the future comes it will be harder for us
to totally eradicate this never ending issue. The continuous change in climate will affect the
health of individuals and also the country’s economic growth.

Due to climate change, according to the World Health Organization, the rising air temperature
and increase in pollutants will cause cardiovascular and respiratory diseases among people,
especially the elder ones. Centers for disease control stated that the international average of
death is 334 yearly due to excessive heat exposure. Change in rain patterns will likely affect the
supplies of rain water and increase in diarrhoeal disease among the most affected areas. The
climate change also can increase the case of some of the diseases and the most common are the
mosquito-related diseases like malaria and dengue due to change in rain patterns. Also the
adverse change in pattern can create disastrous floods that can affect the lives of every person.

In terms of economic effects, as we all know agricultural sectors are the highest contributors of
economic growth of the Philippines in fact one-third of employment here in the country. The
increase cases of climate change threatens the agricultural industry affecting the domestic and
international commodity prices and the production of crops will decrease drastically.
Infrastructures are also on the brink of total damage because of the disasters brought by climate
change. Changes in sea levels and in temperatures will also affect fisheries industries which in
turn will affect the distribution of fishes in local markets and in factories. The destruction of
wonderful environmental sights caused by climate change will affect the tourism of the country.

The alarming concerns about climate change have been the main topic of discussion in almost
all of the countries. There are a lot of solutions that have been formulated to address climate
change as soon as possible before it gets worse. The Climate Change Commission collaborates
with the Department of Budget and management to strengthen the planning of projects to
perfectly mitigate the climate change in the country and to properly execute the plan of action of
managing the growth of climate change and providing funds for the allocation of the projects.
Strengthening the policies and laws regarding the prohibition of human activities, materials and
products that contributes to the global warming of the Earth. Most importantly, building the
country's capabilities of managing such issues to fully recover from climate change and to avoid
further negative consequences of climate change.

One solution that can also be implemented is to raise more public awareness of climate change's
negative impact to society in which it will explain how they can manage things or contribute to
the mitigation of climate change. Create alternatives/innovation to certain products and
technology to maintain the clean and green look of the environment and to avoid future deadly
calamities that will affect our society.

GLOBALIZATION

As the technology continues to grow across different parts of the world the connection or
interdependence of the country is developing to its full potential. Globalization is a term used to
describe the ever growing interconnection and influence among every country of its economic,
political and cultural aspect. The exchange of goods and services becomes more efficient than
ever before and the partnership between countries become stronger allowing the introduction of
new opportunities that will help sustain the country’s development. The government must be
mindful of the limitations of globalization. The advantage of globalization must be used
strategically to avoid negative circumstances that will greatly affect the country.

There are three types of classifications of globalization: political, social and economic. The
Political Organization is the political cooperation that exists between different countries that
gives the foundation for the worldwide political system. There are existing global organizations
such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United nations (UN) that help increase
the degree of political globalization. Social Globalization pertains to the human interactions
across different parts of the world in which sharing of information and ideas are prevalent.
Internet and Social media platforms are the heart of this particular globalization. Lastly,
economic globalization refers to the growth of cross-border trade of commodities and services,
flow of international capital and wide and rapid spread of technologies. Switzerland has the
most absolute gains in per capita income due to globalization making it the “globalization
champion” with 91.19 points in globalization index 2019.
In the Philippines according to the article, The Filipino Times, our country has ranked 2nd on
the list of biggest leaders in the services of globalization due to the success of the Business
Outsourcing Industry (2018 Globalization Index by global strategic advisory firm Tholons). In
addition, based on the KOF Globalization Index the Philippines overall ranking for
globalization,which includes the economic, social and political components, have increased
drastically from 1970 which has 32.48 points to 2017 which has 67.45 points. The increase of
Philippine’s Globalization led to a variety of opportunities for the filipinos. Foreign countries put
up businesses that will help Filipinos to get jobs and there are a lot of multinational companies
that open up businesses that may hire Filipinos to their companies that include various
corporations that are striving in our country. Globalization opens up business abroad in which
Filipinos can successfully work in other countries . Because of the World Trade Organization of
the nation, each person gives an opportunity to work in a different country and have a chance to
become a citizen of that particular country they work in. That is why many Filipinos are OFW
(Overseas Filipino Workers ) because they saw great opportunities that await them in other
countries. According to the Philippine Statistics Authority there are about 2.3 million OFW that
are working abroad and there are more females than males among the OFW. During this time
the total remittances sent by OFW was estimated 235.9 billion pesos.

Many foreign countries see the quality of education in the Philippines that is why some
foreigners want to study in the Philippines and it opens up great partnership with other
countries to provide even greater quality of education that will help students to be globally
competitive in the future which will then help promote our country on a global-scale. It also
improves the information technology because of wide connection to other countries and the flow
of goods and services is easily served. Social media also helps in promoting our country to other
countries which increases the tourism rate and the economy of the Philippines.

Aside from these outstanding advantages there will always be flipside to all of it. Some OFW face
many problems and worse they are being abused by foreigners. Globalization also affects the
mentality of the Filipinos as they tend to forget the culture and true values of being a filipino,
this is greatly influenced by social media. Our natural resources mostly benefit other countries
than ours. Globalization also led to the transfer of communicable diseases and viruses that
affects the health of individuals. The most current one is the COVID-19 which started from
Wuhan, China and has spread dramatically to the point where most countries are dominated by
the virus. These are the negatives of Globalization.

As for me, I perceive globalization as a great opportunity for us to reach economic growth to its
full potential. As a student, I see the advantage of globalization. The interconnectedness of social
media helps me get in touch with my parents outside our country. Without globalization I think
my parents will not be able to enroll me in a private school. This gives my parents and my aunt
an opportunity not only to sustain my studies but also provide for their own families expenses.
Globalization also helps us students to be globally competitive and give us an opportunity to
present our research to other countries that will surely contribute to the scholarly works and
also to the country. The introduction of technologies and apps by other countries makes more
learning more efficient and intractable than before. There are some negatives that I see in
globalization, some are taking advantage of our skills and I see in myself that I am most likely to
support products and films from other countries than my own country because of the influence
of western countries. This is how it affects my life positively and negatively.

Government makes sure that these negatives or issues must be addressed strategically. That is
why Global Organizations are made to take into consideration the impending negative impact of
globalization. They formulate policies that will protect the rights of individuals and they set
limitations to make sure that globalization is attained properly. The United Nations takes into
account all of it. World Health Organizations make sure that the health of each person must take
into consideration and when certain diseases or viruses reach a global-scale( like the current
issue of COVID-19) they are the ones that will take action.

MIGRATION

It's a term used when certain people move from one place to another and with the intention of
settling to another location. There are a lot of pushing factors that lead to migration of people to
other places. Descrmination towards certain populations are one of the driving factors of
migration, they are treated unfairly due to its racial status, gender or even their religion. They
seek freedom from the maltreatment of their own country and finding the place that they
deserve to live in. Another factor is that they do not agree on the government’s rule. There are a
lot of times that political issues arise between factions or countries that result in war and
oppression causes some deaths of the innocent and people will try their best to get away from
the disaster they are facing. Lastly, the most common factor is that other countries have better
standards of living and income that can support their family. They choose to take risks to
embrace their dreams and to support their family by finding greater opportunities o
in other countries.

The Migrant population increases yearly as new opportunities and conflicts arise from a country.
According to the Institut National D’Études Démographiques in 2017 there are over 258 million
people in the world who do not live in the country in which they were born; they were 3.4% of
the world’s population. In 2019 the United Nations stated that there are now 272 million
international migrants, 3.5% of the global population. In the Philippines, the net migration rate
in 2018 was -0.634 and in 2019 was -0.626 per 1000 population, a 1.26 % decline from 2018
(macrotrends.net). As of 2019, there are 12 million overseas Filipino workers around the globe
which also contributes to the numbers of migration worldwide. The driving factors that led to
the migration of most Filipinos is the high salary and great benefits that will support their
family. Some Filipinos create their own business in other countries because of the higher profit
that they get and sometimes they file for permanent residency so that they can bring their family
there for greater opportunities. According to the website “Philippinesaroundtheworld.com” that
the United States has the highest permanent Gilipino residents around the world. Some pursue
their studies to take up specialized or advanced courses not offered in the Philippines and
according to the Philippine Daily Inquirer, some 75 filipinos are studying abroad as scholars.

As this might be a good thing for the Filipinos to finally find the opportunity they wanted,
Filipinos also face challenges as they migrate to other countries. This includes contract
violations, sexual harassments, violence and discrimination. Also the relationship in the family
weakens because of the long termed work abroad. Sometimes they are deceived and receive
wages that are less than what is promised. For the country’s standpoint according to bbc.co.uk,
because of migration the population of the country's workforce will decrease as more people go
outside of their own country and the occurrence of ‘brain drain’ phenomenon as more skilled
workers put their talents to other countries instead of their own place.

This particular issue does not affect me to the full extent. I think migration at some point is good
especially for those who seek jobs that need to properly support a family just like what my
parents are now, they do the best they can to support my studies and their own family. The
migrants are the ones that we must be focusing on. Government must strengthen the protection
of the filipino migrants and protect their rights as they work abroad. To avoid decreasing
numbers of workforce and skilled people here in our country, the government and economic and
business institutions must pay more fair wages so that Filipinos will be encouraged to work here
and not forced to leave their homeland and their family. In 2015, the International Organization
for Migration (IOM) developed a Migration Governance Framework (MiGOF) which offers
insight on policy levers that countries can use to develop their migration governance.

All in all, climate change, globalization and migration are the most occuring things during this
modern time. This topic correlates with technologies because as technologies become more
advanced the issues pertaining to these three topics will also create cascade of negative and
positive effects depending on how people can manage it. As an individual we must be
responsible enough to know about these certain issues and the government must maintain its
governing society and must formulate strategic frameworks to address issues properly.