COM 420E: ADVANCED COMPUTER GRAPHICS

PAST PAPER

DATE: JANUARY/APRIL 2020

INSTRUCTIONS
 Answer all questions from Section A and any other three questions from
section B.
 Time: 3 Hours
 SECTION A: ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION

QUESTION ONE (12 MARKS)

(a) Explain the four types of polygon tables in 3D objects’ representation. (4 Marks)

(b) Describe why the following techniques are important in computer graphics.
(i) Hidden surface removal
(ii) Illumination models
(iii) Texture mapping (6 Marks)

(c) Explain the meanings of the following color terms.

(i) Complementary colors (ii) Tertiary color (2 Marks)

QUESTION TWO (12 MARKS)

(a) Explain the equations of each of the following 3D objects.
(i) Plane (ii) Sphere (4 Marks)

(b) (i) In a subtractive color system, if an object absorbs red color, what will be its
color? (2 Marks)
(ii) In the CMY color model, what color is represented by the point (0, 0, 0)?
(2 Marks)

(c) List any two Open GL primitives used in animation. (2 Marks)

(d) List any two OPEN GL constants for lightning. (2 Marks)

SECTION B: ATTEMPT ANY THREE QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION

QUESTION THREE (12 MARKS)

(a) Give three consistency checks done on geometric tables to ensure their accuracy.
(3 Marks)
(b) Describe what fractals are. (3 Marks)

(c) Consider the following Bitmap representing a 2D object.

Required: Using the three data F (for full), P (for partially full), or E (for empty),
and using the following numbering system,

0 1
3 2
 form a quadtree for the object. (6 Marks)

QUESTION FOUR (12 MARKS)

(a) Describe how the Z-Buffer HSR algorithm works. (4 Marks)

(b) Describe how the back-face HSR algorithm works. (4 Marks)

(c) (i) Give the prototypes of two Open GL HSR primitives. (2 Marks)
(ii) Explain two limitations of the painters HSR algorithm. (2 Marks)

QUESTION FIVE (12 MARKS)

(a) Describe the trichromatic color theory. (4 Marks)

(b) Briefly describe what a subtractive color system is. (2 Marks)

(c) Describe how the three components of the HSL color system are obtained.
(6 Marks)

QUESTION SIX (12 MARKS)

(a) List the four important characteristics of light sources as used in illumination.
(2 Marks)

(b) (i) What is light source attenuation? (1 Mark)

(ii) Describe a formula used to model light source attenuation. (2 Marks)
(c) (i) State any three OPEN GL primitives for illumination and their work.(3 Marks)
(ii) List any four OPEN GL constants for illumination. (2 Marks)

(d) Explain the Lambert’s law of illumination. (2 Marks)

QUESTION SEVEN (12 MARKS)

Write a complete Open GL program to output a green triangle with sample vertices on a
blue background. Also, the user should be able to rotate the line either left or right (by
pressing the left or the right mouse buttons respectively). (12 Marks)