01 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode ISSUE1.00

WCDMA UE Behaviors in Idle Mode N-1
WCDMA UE Behaviors
in Idle Mode
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Foreword
z UE behaviors in idle mode include:
PLMN selection
System information reception
Cell selection and reselection
Location registration
Paging procedure
Access procedure
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2
z PLMN selection
Used to ensure that the PLMN selected by the UE provides services properly.
z System information reception
The network broadcasts the network information to the UE that camps on the cell. Upon reception
of broadcast information, the UE obtains the network information and takes actions accordingly.
z Cell selection and reselection
Used to ensure that the UE finds a suitable cell to camp on.
z Location registration
This procedure is used by the UE to report its status to the network. This procedure is of two types:
periodical location registration and the location registration necessitated by changes in the location
area.
z Paging procedure
Used for the network to send paging messages to a UE which is in idle mode, CELL_PCH state, or
URA_PCH state.
z Access procedure
From the view of access stratum, access is the procedure the UE shift from idle mode to connected
mode.

References
z 3GPP TS 22.011: Service Accessibility
z 3GPP TS 23.122: NAS Functions Related to Mobile Station (MS) in
Idle Mode
z 3GPP TS 24.008: Mobile Radio Interface Layer 3 Specification; Core
Network Protocols - Stage 3
z 3GPP TS 25.304: UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for Cell
Reselection in Connected Mode
z 3GPP TS 25.331: Radio Resource Control (RRC)
z 3GPP TS 31.102: Characteristics of The USIM Application

Objectives
z Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe the working principles of the UE Behaviors in Idle Mode
feature
Perform parameters modification of the UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

feature

Contents
1. PLMN Selection
2. System Information Reception
3. Cell Selection and Reselection
4. Location Registration
5. Paging Procedure
6. Access Procedure

Contents
1. PLMN Selection
5. Paging Procedure
6. Access Procedure

Cell Search
z UE does not have UTRAN carrier information:
In order to find a suitable cell to stay, UE will scan all the
frequencies in UTRAN. In each carrier, UE just need to find a cell
with best signal
z UE has UTRAN carrier information:

UE will try whether the original cell is suitable to stay. If not, UE
still need to scan all the frequencies in UTRAN to find a suitable
cell in PLMN
z Typical scenario of first occasion is the first time a new UE is put into use.
z The second occasion is very common.

Cell Search (Cont.)
Slot synchronization
Frame synchronization and

code-group identification
Primary scrambling code

identification
z Step 1: Slot synchronization

During the first step of the cell search procedure, the UE uses the primary synchronisation code (PSC)
to acquire slot synchronisation to a cell.
z Step 2: Frame synchronization and code-group identification
During the second step of the cell search procedure, the UE uses the secondary synchronisation
code (SSC) to find frame synchronisation and identify the code group of the cell found in the first
step.
z Step 3: Primary scrambling code identification
During the last step of the cell search procedure, the UE determines the exact primary scrambling
code used by the found cell. The primary scrambling code is typically identified through symbol-by-
symbol correlation over the CPICH with all codes within the code group identified in the second
step.
z If the UE has received information about which scrambling codes to search for, steps 2 and 3 above
can be simplified.

PLMN Selection
z When the UE is switched on, or the coverage is restored, or the UE
selects a cell that belongs to another PLMN, then the UE selects the
registered PLMN or its equivalent PLMN
z If no registered PLMN or equivalent PLMN is available, or if

registration fails, the UE performs one of the following two
procedures, depending on its operating mode:
Automatic PLMN selection: the UE automatically selects a PLMN according
to the priority order
Manual PLMN selection: the UE shows all available PLMNs to the

subscriber. The subscriber then selects a PLMN
z The UE can get system information from PCCPCH, and the PLMN information is transmitted in MIB
of PCCPCH.
z After getting the MIB, the UE can judge whether the current PLMN is right one. If so, the UE will
get SIB scheduling information from the MIB; if not, the UE will search another carrier, do this
procedure again.
z The priority order of automatic PLMN selection mode:
Order PLMN types Remark

1 HPLMNs Home PLMNs
2 PLMNs contained in the “User Controlled PLMN The PLMNs are arranged in
Selector with Access Technology” data filed in the priority order
SIM excluding the previously selected PLMN
3 PLMNs contained in the “Operator Controlled PLMN The PLMNs are arranged in
Selector with Access Technology” data filed in the priority order
SIM excluding the previously selected PLMN
4 Other PLMN/Access technology combinations with The PLMNs are arranged in
the high quality of received signals excluding the priority order
previously selected PLMN
5 Other PLMN/Access technology combinations The PLMNs are arranged in
excluding the previously selected PLMN the descending order of
signal quality
6 Previously selected PLMN The PLMN selected by the
UE before automatic PLMN
selection

PLMN Selection (Cont.)

z Automatic PLMN selection: UE can select a PLMN from the Home
PLMNs (HPLMNs) and roam in the Visited PLMN (VPLMN)
Selecting from the HPLMNs: UE maintains a list of allowed and available
PLMNs in priority order. When selecting a PLMN, the UE searches for the
PLMNs from the highest priority to the lowest
Roaming in the VPLMN: UE periodically searches for the HPLMN and
higher priority PLMNs for better services
z Manual PLMN selection: UE maintains a list of allowed and available
PLMNs in priority order. When selecting a PLMN, the UE indicates the
list to the subscriber who will select a PLMN, and then camps on the
selected PLMN
z The MCC and MNC, which are in the PLMN identity of the HPLMN, match the MCC and MNC in the
IMSI of the UE.
z Except the HPLMNs, the PLMNs that the UE camps on are defined as VPLMNs.
z For the PLMN selection in the VPLMN, a value of T minutes may be stored in the SIM. Either T is in
the range 6 minutes to 8 hours with a step of 6 minutes or T indicates that no periodic attempts
shall be made. If no value is stored in the SIM, a default value of 60 minutes is used.
z When the UE attempts to access the HPLMN or the PLMN with higher priority, the UE must adhere
to the following rules:
After the UE is switched on, a period of at least two minutes and at most T minutes shall
elapse before the first attempt is made.
Periodic attempts shall be performed only by the UE in idle mode.
Only the priority levels of equivalent PLMNs of the same country (which serve as the current
serving VPLMN) can be compared with the priority level of a selected PLMN.

Contents
1. PLMN Selection
5. Paging Procedure
6. Access Procedure

Structure of System Information

z System information is organized as a tree, including:
MIB (Master Information Block)
SB (Scheduling Block)
SIB (System Information Block)
z System information is used for the network to broadcast network information to UEs camping on a
cell so as to control the behavior of UEs.
z MIB
When selecting a new cell, the UE reads the MIB. The UE may locate the MIB by predefined
scheduling information. The IEs in the MIB includes MIB value tag, PLMN type, PLMN
identity, reference and scheduling information for a number of SIBs in a cell or one or two
SBs in a cell.
z SB
Scheduling Block (SB) gives reference and scheduling information to other SIBs.
z SIB
System Information Block (SIB) contains actual system information. It consists of system
information elements (IEs) with the same purpose.
z Scheduling information for an SIB may only be included in either the MIB or one of the SB.
z UE may use the scheduling information in the MIB and SB to locate each SIB to be acquired. If UE
received an SIB in a position according to the scheduling information and considers the contents as
valid, UE will read and store the SIB.

System Information
z SIB1: contains the system information for NAS and the timer/counter
for UE
z SIB2: contains the URA information
z SIB3: contains the parameters for cell selection and cell re-selection
z SIB5: contains parameters for the common physical channels of the
cell
z SIB7: contains the uplink interference level and the refreshing timer
for SIB7
z SIB11: contains measurement controlling information
z SIB4: contains parameters for cell selection and cell re-selection while UE is in connected mode.
z SIB6: contains parameters for the common physical channels of the cell while UE is in connected
mode.
z SIB8: contains the CPCH static information.
z SIB9: contains the CPCH dynamic information.
z SIB10: contains information to be used by UEs having their DCH controlled by a DRAC procedure.
Used in FDD mode only. To be used in CELL_DCH state only. Changes so often, its decoding is
controlled by a timer.
z SIB12: contains measurement controlling information in connecting mode.
z SIB13: contains ANSI-41 system information.
z SIB14: contains the information in TDD mode.
z SIB15: contains the position service information.
z SIB16: contains the needed pre-configuration information for handover from other RAT to UTRAN.
z SIB17: contains the configuration information for TDD.
z SIB18: contains the PLMN identities of the neighboring cells.
To be used in shared networks to help with the cell reselection process.

Reception of System Information

z The UE shall read system information broadcast on a BCH
transport channel when the UE is in idle mode or in connected
mode, that is, in CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state

Contents
1. PLMN Selection
5. Paging Procedure
6. Access Procedure

Cell Selection
z When the PLMN is selected and the UE is in idle mode, the UE
starts to select a cell to camp on and to obtain services
z There are four states involved in cell selection:

Camped normally
Any cell selection
Camped on any cell
Connected mode
z Camped normally: The cell that UE camps on is called the suitable cell. In this state, the UE obtains
normal services.
z Any cell selection: In this state, the UE shall attempt to find an acceptable cell of any PLMN to camp
on, trying all RATs that are supported by the UE and searching first for a high quality cell.
z Camped on any cell: The cell that UE camps on is called the acceptable cell. In this state the UE
obtains limited services. For example, UE may originate emergency call. The UE shall regularly
attempt to find a suitable cell of the selected PLMN, trying all RATs that are supported by the UE.
z Connected mode: After RRC connection setup, the UE changes from the idle mode to the
connected mode (CELL_DCH, CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state).
z Cell selection of the UE leaving the connected mode:
When returning to the idle mode from the connected mode, the UE shall select a suitable
cell to camp on. Candidate cells for this selection are the cells used immediately before the
UE leaves the connected mode.
When returning to the idle mode after an emergency call on any PLMN, the UE shall select
an acceptable cell to camp on. Candidate cells for this selection are the cells used
immediately before the UE leaves the connected mode.
If no acceptable cell is found, the UE shall continue to search for an acceptable cell on any
PLMN in the state "Any cell selection".


Cell Selection (Cont.)

z Two types of cell selection:
Initial cell selection
If no cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts this procedure
Stored information of cell selection

If cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts this procedure
z Initial cell selection: If no cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts the initial cell
selection. For this procedure, the UE need not know in advance which Radio Frequency (RF)
channels are UTRA bearers. The UE scans all RF channels in the UTRA band according to its
capabilities to find a suitable cell of the selected PLMN. On each carrier, the UE need only search for
the strongest cell. Once a suitable cell is found, this cell shall be selected.
z Stored information of cell selection: For this procedure, the UE has to know the central frequency
information and other optional cell parameters that are obtained from the measurement control
information received before, such as scrambling codes. After this procedure is started, the UE
selects a suitable cell if any. Otherwise, the "Initial cell selection" procedure is triggered.

Cell Selection Criteria

z Criterion S is used by the UE to judge whether the cell is
suitable to camped on
z Criterion S: Srxlev > 0 & Squal > 0, where:
S qual = Qqualmeas − Qqual min

S rxlev = Qrxlevmeas − Qrxlev min − Pcompensation
z If the pilot strength and quality of one cell meet S criteria, UE will stay in this cell and get other
system information. Then, UE will initiate a location update registration process.
z If the cell doesn’t satisfy S criteria, UE will get adjacent cells information from SIB11. Then, UE will
judge weather these cells satisfy S criteria. If the adjacent cell is suitable, UE will stay in the adjacent
cell.
z If no cell satisfies S criteria, UE will take the area as dead zone and continue the PLMN selection and
reselection procedure.
Parameter Description
Squal Cell selection quality value (dB)
Srxlev Cell selection RX level value (dBm)
Qqualmeas Measured cell quality value. The quality of the received signal indicated in
average CPICH Ec/No (dB) for current cell
Qrxlevmeas Measured cell RX level value. This RX level of the received signal indicated
CPICH RSCP (dBm) for current cell
Qqualmin Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB)
Qrxlevmin Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm)
Pcompensation Max (UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH – P_MAX, 0) (dB)
UE_TXPWR_M MaxAllowedUlTxPower, Max allowed UE UL Tx Power (dBm)

AX_RACH
P_MAX Maximum RF output power of the UE (dBm)

Parameters of S Criterion
z Qqualmin
Parameter name: Min quality level
Recommended value: -18, namely -18dB
z Qrxlevmin
Parameter name: Min Rx level
Recommended value: -58, namely -115dBm
z Qqualmin
Content: The minimum required quality level corresponding to CPICH Ec/No. The UE can
camp on the cell only when the measured CPICH Ec/No is greater than the value of this
parameter.
Value range: -24~0
Physical value range: -24~0; step: 1
Physical unit: dB
Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and
modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL.
z Qrelevmin
Content: The minimum required RX level corresponding to CPICH RSCP. The UE can camp
on the cell only when the measured CPICH RSCP is greater than the value of this parameter.
Value range: -58~-13
Physical value range: -115~-25; step: 2 (-58: -115, -57: -113, ..., -13 :-25)
Physical unit: dBm

Parameters of S Criterion (Cont.)

z MaxAllowedUlTxPower
Parameter name: Max allowed UE UL TX power
Recommended value: 24, namely 24dBm
z MaxAllowedUlTxPower
Content: The maximum allowed uplink transmit power of a UE in the cell, which is related
to the network planning.
Value range: -50~33
Physical unit: dBm

Cell Reselection
z The signal strength of both serving cell and neighboring cells
varies with the movement of a UE and so the UE needs to
select the most suitable cell to camp on. This process is called
cell reselection
z Cell reselection process:

Measurement start criteria
Cell reselection criteria

Measurement Start Criteria

z Intra-frequency measurement:
Squal ≤ Sintrasearch
Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ Sintrasearch
Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + Sintrasearch
z If Squal > Sintrasearch, the UE need not start the intra-frequency measurement.
z If Squal ≤ Sintrasearch, the UE need to start the intra-frequency measurement.
z If system messages do not contain Sintrasearch, the UE always need to start the intra-frequency
measurement.
z Parameters of the measurement start criteria:
Name Description
Squal Cell quality value (dB)
Qqualmin Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB)
Sintrasearch Measurement threshold for UE to trigger intra-frequency cell reselection
Sintersearch Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection
SsearchRATm Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection

Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.)

z Inter-frequency measurement:
Squal ≤ Sintersearch
Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ Sintersearch
Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + Sintersearch
z If Squal > Sintersearch, the UE need not start the inter-frequency measurement.
z If Squal ≤ Sintersearch, the UE need to start the inter-frequency measurement.
z If system messages do not contain Sintersearch, the UE always need to start the inter-frequency
measurement.

Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.)

z Inter-RAT measurement:
Squal ≤ SsearchRATm
Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ SsearchRATm
Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + SsearchRATm
z If Squal > SsearchRATm, the UE need not start the inter-RAT measurement.
z If Squal ≤ SsearchRATm, the UE need to start the inter-RAT measurement.
z If system messages do not contain SsearchRATm, the UE always need to start the inter-RAT
measurement.

Parameters of Measurement Start Criteria
z IdleSintrasearch
Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode
Recommended value: 127, namely none
z ConnSintrasearch
Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for
connected mode
z IdleSintrasearch
Content: A threshold for intra-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the quality
(CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the
[Qqualmin] of the cell, the intra-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. This
parameter is not configured when its value is 127.
Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}
Physical unit: dB
z ConnSintrasearch
Content: A threshold for intra-frequency cell reselection in connect mode. When the quality
[Qqualmin] of the cell, the intra-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. This
Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}
Physical unit: dB


(Cont.)
z IdleSintersearch
Parameter name: Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode
z ConnSintersearch
Parameter name: Inter-freq cell reselection threshold for
connected mode
z IdleSintersearch
Content: A threshold for inter-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the quality
[Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. This
Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}
Physical unit: dB
z ConnSintersearch
Content: A threshold for inter-frequency cell reselection in connect mode. When the quality
[Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-frequency cell reselection procedure will be started. This
Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}
Physical unit: dB


(Cont.)
z SsearchRat
Parameter name: Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold
z SearchRat
Content: A threshold for inter-RAT cell reselection. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No
measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the
cell, the inter-RAT cell reselection procedure will be started. This parameter is not
configured when its value is 127.
Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}
Physical unit: dB

Measurement Start Criteria Description
z The intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT measurement criteria are as shown in the above
figure.
z The intra-frequency cell reselection has a priority higher than the inter-frequency cell reselection and
inter-RAT cell reselection, the intra-frequency cell reselection start threshold should be higher than
the inter-frequency cell reselection start threshold and inter-RAT cell reselection start threshold.
z If the cell reselection threshold is set to a comparatively high value, the UE may frequently start cell
reselections, and the battery of the UE may be largely consumed. If the cell reselection threshold is
set to a comparatively low value, it is difficult for cell reselections to be started, and the UE may not
timely reside in the cells with good quality, affecting the quality of communication between the
UTRAN and the UE. For detailed information, refer to 3GPP TS 25.304.

Cell Reselection Criteria

z Criterion R is used for intra-frequency, inter-frequency and
inter-RAT cell reselection
z The cell-ranking criterion R is defined by:
Rs = Qmeas , s + Qhysts
Rn = Qmeas ,n − Qoffset s ,n
z In Rs, s means serving cell. In Rn, n means neighbor cell.

z The offset Qoffset1s,n is used for Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn. The hysteresis Qhyst1s is used for
Qhysts to calculate Rs.
z The UE shall rank the cells according to the R criterion, derive Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and calculate
the R values, as described in the following cases:
If a TDD or GSM cell is ranked as the best cell, the UE shall reselect that TDD or GSM cell.
If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and
reselection is set to CPICH RSCP (QualMeas = CPICH_RSCP), the UE shall reselect that FDD
cell.
If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and
reselection is set to CPICH Ec/N0 (QualMeas = CPICH_ECNO), the UE shall perform a second
ranking of the FDD cells according to the R criteria specified above. In this case, however,
the UE uses the measurement quantity CPICH Ec/N0 for deriving the Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s
and then calculating the R values of the FDD cells. The offset Qoffset2s,n is used for
Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn, the hysteresis Qhyst2s is used for Qhysts to calculate Rs.

Hysteresis and Time Interval

Quality
Qhyst,s Qmeas,n
Rn
Qoffsets,n Rs
Qmeas,s
Time
Treselection
z In all the previous cases, the UE can reselect a new cell only when the following conditions are met:
The new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval Treselections.
More than one second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.

Parameters of R Criteria
z QualMeas
Parameter name: Cell Sel-reselection quality measure
Recommended value: CPICH_ECNO
z Treselections
Parameter name: Reselection delay time
Recommended value: 1, namely 1s
z QualMeas
Content: Measurement quantity of cell selection and reselection. It can be set to CPICH
Ec/N0 or CPICH RSCP.
Value range: CPICH_ECNO(CPICH Ec/N0), CPICH_RSCP(CPICH RSCP)
Physical value range: CPICH_ECNO, CPICH_RSCP
Physical unit: None
z Treselections
Content: If the signal quality of a neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell
during the specified time of this parameter, the UE reselects the neighboring cell. It is used
to avoid ping-pong reselection between different cells.
Value range: 0~31
Physical value range: 0~31; step: 1
Physical unit: s

Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.)

z IdleQhyst1s
Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for idle mode
Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB
z ConnQhyst1s
Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for connected mode
z IdleQhyst1s
Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in idle mode in case the quality
measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is related to the slow
fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading variance is,
the greater this parameter.
Value range: 0~20
Physical unit: dB
z ConnQhyst1s
Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in connected mode in case the quality
measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is related to the slow
fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading variance is,
the greater this parameter .
Value range: 0~20
Physical unit: dB


z IdleQhyst2s
Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for idle mode
z ConnQhyst2s
Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for connected mode
z IdleQhyst2s
Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in idle mode in case the quality
measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/No. It is related to the
slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading
variance is, the greater this parameter.
Value range: {{0~20}, {255}}
Physical unit: dB
z ConnQhyst2s
Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in connected mode in case the quality
measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/No. It is related to the
slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading
variance is, the greater this parameter.
Value range: {{0~20}, {255}}
Physical unit: dB


z IdleQoffset1sn
Parameter name: IdleQoffset1sn
z ConnQoffset1sn
Parameter name: ConnQoffset1sn
z IdleQoffset1sn
Content: Offset of cell CPICH RSCP measurement value in cell selection or reselection when
the UE is in idle mode.
Value range: -50~+50
Physical value range: -50~+50; step: 1
Physical unit: dB
Set this parameter through ADD UINTRAFREQNCELL / ADD UINTERFREQNCELL, query it
through LST UINTRAFREQNCELL / LST UINTERFREQNCELL, and modify it through MOD
UINTRAFREQNCELL / MOD UINTERFREQNCELL.
z ConnQoffset1sn
Content: Offset of cell CPICH RSCP measurement value in cell selection or reselection when
the UE is in connected mode.
Physical unit: dB


z IdleQoffset2sn
Parameter name: IdleQoffset2sn
z ConnQoffset2sn
Parameter name: ConnQoffset2sn
z IdleQoffset2sn
Content: Offset of cell CPICH Ec/No measurement value in cell selection or reselection when
the UE is in idle mode.
Physical unit: dB
z ConnQoffset2sn
Content: Offset of cell CPICH Ec/No measurement value in cell selection or reselection when
the UE is in connected mode.
Physical unit: dB

Contents
1. PLMN Selection
5. Paging Procedure
6. Access Procedure

Location Registration
z The location registration includes:
Location update (for non-GPRS)
Route update (for GPRS)
z The types of location registration:

Normal location registration
Periodic location registration
IMSI attach/detach
z Location registration is used for the PLMN to trace the current status of the UE. Location
registration ensures that the UE is connected to the network when the UE does not perform any
operation for a long period.
z The UE performs normal location registration in the following conditions:
After being switched on, the UE selects a suitable cell that belongs to a new LA or RA. That
is, the LA or RA is different from that recorded in the USIM before the switch-off of the UE.
The UE in idle mode enters the cell of a new LA or RA.

Periodic Location Registration

z Periodic location registration is controlled by a Periodic
Location Update timer (T3212, for non-GPRS operation) or a
Periodic Routing Area Update timer (T3312, for GPRS operation)
z T3212 is set through T3212 on the RNC side
z T3312 is set on the CN side
z Periodic location registration may be used to periodically notify the network of the availability of the
UE.
z The value of T3212 is sent by the network to the UE in SIB1. The value of T3312 is sent by the
network to the UE in the messages ATTACH ACCEPT and ROUTING AREA UPDATE ACCEPT. The
value of T3312 shall be unique within an RA.

IMSI Attach/Detach
z The IMSI attach/detach process facilitates the fast location
registration of the UE in specific conditions
z IMSI attach/detach is set through ATT on the RNC side
z If the UE still stays in the same LA or RA after being switched on again, the UE shall perform an LR
request indicating IMSI attach. Otherwise, the UE shall perform an LR request indicating normal
location update.
z When the IMSI attach/detach operation applies, the UE shall send the IMSI detach message to the
network when the UE is switched off or the SIM is removed while being in the UPDATED state. This
IMSI detach message will not be acknowledged by the network.
z The system information contains an indicator indicating whether the IMSI attach/detach operation is
mandatory in the cell. The UE shall operate in accordance with the received value of the indicator.

Parameters of Location Registration

z T3212
Parameter name: Periodical location update timer [6min]
Recommended value: 10, namely 60min
z ATT
Parameter name: Attach/detach indication
Recommended value: ALLOWED
z T3212
Content: This parameter indicates the time length of the periodical location update.
Periodical location update is implemented by MS through the location update procedure. 0:
The periodical update procedure is not used. This parameter is valid only when [CN domain
ID] is set as CS_DOMAIN.
Value range: 0~255
Physical unit: min
Set this parameter through ADD UCNDOMAIN, query it through LST UCNDOMAIN, modify
it through MOD UCNDOMAIN.
z ATT
Content: Indicating whether attach/detach is allowed. NOT_ALLOWED indicates that MS
cannot apply the IMSI attach/detach procedure. ALLOWED indicates that MS can apply the
IMSI attach/detach procedure. This parameter is valid only when [CN domain ID] is set as
CS_DOMAIN.
Value range: NOT_ALLOWED, ALLOWED
Physical value range: NOT_ALLOWED, ALLOWED
Physical unit: None
Set this parameter through ADD UCNDOMAIN, query it through LST UCNDOMAIN, modify
it through MOD UCNDOMAIN.

Contents
1. PLMN Selection
5. Paging Procedure
6. Access Procedure

Paging Initiation
z CN initiated paging:
z Establish a signaling connection
z UTRAN initiated paging:

z Trigger the cell update procedure
z Trigger reading of updated system information
z For CN originated paging:

In order to request UTRAN connect to UE, CN initiates the paging procedure, transmits
paging message to the UTRAN through Iu interface, and UTRAN transmits the paging
message from CN to UE through the paging procedure on Uu interface, which will make
the UE initiate a signaling connection setup process with the CN.
z For UTRAN originated paging:
UE state transition: In order to trigger UE in the CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state to carry out
state transition (for example, transition to the CELL_FACH state), the UTRAN will perform a
paging process. Meanwhile, the UE will initiate a cell update or URA update process, as a
reply to the paging.
When the cell system message is updated: When system messages change, the UTRAN will
trigger paging process in order to inform UE in the idle, CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state to
carry out the system message update, so that the UE can read the updated system message.

Paging Type 1
z If UE is in the idle or CELL/URA_PCH state, the paging message
will be transmitted on PCCH with paging type 1
CN RNC1 RNC2 NODEB1.1 NODEB2.1 UE
PAGING
RANAP RANAP
RANAP PAGING RANAP
PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1
PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1
z Paging type 1:
The message is transmitted in one LA or RA for idle state, or in one cell for CELL_PCH state,
or in one URA for URA_PCH state.
After calculating the paging time, the paging message will be transmitted at that time.
If UE is in CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state, the UTRAN transmits the paging information in
PAGING TYPE 1 message to UE. After received paging message, UE performs a cell update
or URA update procedure to transit state to CELL_FACH.
z As shown in the above figure, the CN initiates paging in a location area (LA), which is covered by
two RNCs. After receiving a paging message, the RNC searches all the cells corresponding to the LAI,
and then calculates the paging time, at which it will send the PAGING TYPE 1 message to these cells
through the PCCH.

Paging Type 2
z If UE is in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state, the paging message
will be transmitted on DCCH with paging type 2
CN SRNC UE
PAGING
RANAP RANAP
DCCH: PAGING TYPE 2

RRC RRC
z Paging type 2:
If UE is in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state，the paging message will be transmitted on
DCCH with paging type 2.
The message will be only transmitted in a cell.
z As shown in the above figure, if the UE is in the CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state, the UTRAN will
immediately transmit PAGING TYPE 2 message to the paged UE on DCCH channel.

Typical Call Flow of UE

UE NAS UE AS NSS MSC
pa g ing
RANAP RANAP
R R _P A IN G _ IN D p a ging
R R _ E S T _R E Q (P A G IN G R E S P O N S E )
R R C se tu p p ro ce ss
IN IT IA L _D IR E C T _ T R A N S F E R
A U T H E N T IC A T IO N REQUEST (P A G IN G R E S P O N S E )
A U T H E N T IC A T IO N RESPONSE
R R _ S E C U R ITY _ C O N T R O L_ R E Q
(IK C K )
S e cu rity m o d e co n tro l
SETUP
C A LL C O N F IR M
R A B se tu p p ro ce ss
A LE R T
CONNECT
CONNECT ACKNO W LEDG E
z Many problems will cause the target UE cannot receive the paging message properly:
Power setting of paging channel is unreasonable
Unreasonable paging strategies will result in paging channel congestion, which can cause
paging message loss
Paging parameter is unreasonable
Equipment fault

DRX Procedure
z To reduce power consumption, the UE can read the
information from the PICH only at a particular time. This is
known as the Discontinuous Reception (DRX) technology. The
interval between two consecutive periods of time is called DRX
cycle
z The value for the DRX paging cycle length is determined as

follows:
DRX Cycle Length ＝ MAX (2k, PBP) frames
z The DRX paging period formula:

DRX Cycle Length ＝ MAX(2k, PBP) frames
K is the “CN domain specific DRX cycle length coefficient”, which is broadcasted in SIB1.
The typical value is 6.
PBP is Paging Block Periodicity , which is 1 for FDD mode.
The paging period should be 640ms if K is 6.

DRX Procedure (Cont.)

z The value of the Paging Occasion is determined as follows:
Paging Occasion (CELL SFN) =
{(IMSI div K) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)} * PBP
+ n * DRX cycle length + Frame Offset
z Paging SFN formula:

Paging Occasion (CELL SFN) = {(IMSI div K) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)} *PBP + n *DRX
cycle length + Frame Offset
n =0, 1, 2……and the requirement is the calculated CELL SFN must be below its maximum
value 4095.
Frame Offset is 0 for FDD mode.
K is the number of SCCPCH which carries PCH, and the typical value is 1.
The formula cloud be simplified as: SFN = IMSI mod (2^K) + n * (2^K).


z In FDD the UE shall monitor its paging indicator in the PICH
frame with SFN given by the Paging Occasion
z The Paging Indicator to use is calculated by using the following

formula:
PI = (IMSI div 8192) mod NP
z As shown in the below figure, the UE needs to monitor the frames (paging occasions) indicated by
the red dots, and then decodes the qth PI of this frame. (The qth PI is obtained based on the above
formula).
z If the UE has no IMSI, for instance when making an emergency call without USIM, the UE shall use
as default numbers, IMSI = 0 and DRX cycle length = 256 (2.56 s), in the formulas above.
One DRX cycle
2^K-1 。。。
。。。
0 4095
PI PI 。。。 P I 。。。 PI
0 1 q NP-1


z Through DRX, UE only listens to PICH at certain predefined time.
And UE will read the paging information on SCCPCH if the
paging indicator is 1
z Time offset between PICH and SCCPCH:
PICH frame containing paging indicator
Associated S-CCPCH frame
τPICH
z The timing relationship between PICH and SCCPCH is defined by the above figure, and the
interval is 3 slots duration (2ms, 7680 chips).

Parameters of DRX
z DRXCyclelenCoef
Parameter name: DRX cycle length coefficient
Recommended value: 6
z PICHMode
Parameter name: PICH mode
Recommend value: V36
z DRXCyclelenCoef
Content: This parameter is broadcasted on SIB1. This parameter is used when a UE is in idle
mode.
Value range: 6~9
Physical value range: 6~9
Physical unit: None
Set this parameter through ADD UCNDOMAIN, query it through LST UCNDOMAIN, and
modify it through MOD UCNDOMAIN.
z PICHMode
Content: Indicating the number of PIs contained in each frame on the PICH.
Value range: V18, V36, V72, V144
Physical value range: 18, 36, 72, 144
Physical unit: None
Set this parameter through ADD UPICH, query it through LST UPICH.

Parameters of DRX (Cont.)

z MaccPageRepeatTimes
Parameter name: Repeat Times of Macc Paging
z MaccPageRepeatTimes
Content: This parameter defines the times of retransmission of paging messages. If the
times of retransmission exceeds the value of this parameter, retransmission stops. For
details, refer to the 3GPP TS 25.331 protocol.
Value range: 0~2
Physical unit: None
Set this parameter through SET UDPUCFGDATA, query it through LST UDPUCFGDATA.

Contents
1. PLMN Selection
5. Paging Procedure
6. Access Procedure

Two Working Modes of UE

z Idle mode:
After turning on, UE will stay in idle mode
z Connected mode:
UE will switch to connected mode which could be CELL_FACH
state or CELL_DCH state from the idle mode
After releasing RRC connection, UE will switch to the idle mode

from the connected mode
z The most important difference between idle mode and connected mode is whether UE has RRC
connection with UTRAN or not.
z In idle mode, UE will be identified by IMSI, TMSI or PTMSI and so on.
z In connected mode, UE will be identified by URNTI (UTRAN Radio Network Temporary Identity),
which is the ID of one RRC connection.

Random Access Procedure

z Definition:
Random access procedure is initiated by UE in order to get service
from the system. Meanwhile, the access channels are allocated to
the UE by system
z This process may happen in the following typical scenarios:

Attach and detach
LA update and RA update
Signaling connection for services

Random Access Channel
AICH access
slots SFN mod 2 = 0 SFN mod 2 = 1
τp-a #0 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14
#0 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14
PRACH
access slots Access slot set 1 Access slot set 2
10 ms 10 ms
z UE will transmit the preamble at the access time slot.

z Access frame is composed of two 10ms radio frames, which is divided into 15 access time slot, and
5120 chips for each slot.
z The PRACH access slots, AICH access slots and their time offset are showed in the above figure.

RACH Sub-Channels
z The access slots of different RACH sub-channels are illustrated by the
following table:
SFN mod Random access sub-channels number
8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 12 13 14 8 9 10 11
2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3 9 10 11 12 13 14 8
4 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5
5 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
6 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
z A RACH sub-channel defines a sub-set of the total set of uplink access slots. There are a total of 12
RACH sub-channels.
z Set Preamble signatures and RACH sub-channel no. through ADD UPRACHBASIC, query them
through LST UPRACH.

Access Service Class

z The PRACH resources can be classified into several ASCs, so as
to provide RACH applications with different priorities
z For Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, the PRACH resources include access timeslots and
preamble signatures, which can be classified into several ASCs, so as to provide RACH applications
with different priorities.
z The ASCs range from 0 to 7, and the quantity of ASCs is 8. "0" indicates the highest priority and "7"
indicates the lowest priority.
z Set ASC of PRACH through ADD UPRACHASC, modify it through MOD UPRACHASC, and remove it
through RMV UPRACHASC.

Access Control
z “Access Control” is used by network operators to prevent
overload of radio access channels under critical conditions
Access class 0 ~ Access Class 9
Access class 11 ~ Access Class 15
Access class 10
z The access class number is stored in the SIM/USIM.

z Access class 0~9 are allocated to all the users. And these 10 classes show the same priority.
z Access class 11~15 are allocated to specific high priority users as follows. (The enumeration is not
meant as a priority sequence):
Access class 15: PLMN staff
Access class 14: users subscribing to emergency services
Access class 13: public organizations
Access class 12: users subscribing to security services
Access class 11: users responsible for PLMN management
z Access Class 10 indicates whether or not network access for Emergency Calls is allowed for UEs
with access classes 0 to 9 or without an IMSI. For UEs with access classes 11 to 15, Emergency Calls
are not allowed if both "Access class 10" and the relevant Access Class (11 to 15) are barred.
Otherwise, Emergency Calls are allowed.

Mapping between AC and ASC

z The AC-ASC mapping information is optional and used for the
System Information Block 5 (SIB5) only
z Set the mapping between AC and ASC through ADD UPRACHACTOASCMAP, modify it through
MOD UPRACHACTOASCMAP, and remove it through RMV UPRACHACTOASCMAP.

Random Access Procedure

START
Choose a RACH sub-channel from

available ones
Get available signatures
Set Preamble Retrans Max
Set Preamble_Initial_Power
Send a preamble
No AI
Choose a access slot again Check the corresponding AI
Get negative AI
Get positive AI
Choose a signature and
increase preamble transmit power Change message part power by
p-m based on preamble power
The counter of preamble retransmit

subtract by 1, Commanded preamble Send the corresponding
power increased by Power Ramp Step message part
Y Set physical status to be RACH

Counter > 0 & Commanded Set physical status to be Nack
message transmitted
preamble power - maximum on AICH received
allowed power <6 dB
N
Report the physical status to MAC
Set physical status to be Nack
on AICH received
END

z Random access procedure

1. Derive the available uplink access slots, in the next full access slot set, for the set of
available RACH sub-channels within the given ASC. Randomly select one access slot among
the ones previously determined. If there is no access slot available in the selected set,
randomly select one uplink access slot corresponding to the set of available RACH sub-
channels within the given ASC from the next access slot set. The random function shall be
such that each of the allowed selections is chosen with equal probability.
2. Randomly select a signature from the set of available signatures within the given ASC.
3. Set the Preamble Retransmission Counter to Preamble_ Retrans_ Max.
4. Set the preamble transmission power and Commanded Preamble Power to
Preamble_Initial_Power.
5. Transmit a preamble using the selected uplink access slot, signature, and preamble
transmission power.
6. If no positive or negative acquisition indicator (AI ≠ +1 nor –1) corresponding to the
selected signature is detected in the downlink access slot corresponding to the selected
uplink access slot:
A: select the next available access slot in the set of available RACH sub-channels
within the given ASC;
B: select a signature;
C: increase the preamble transmission power and Commanded Preamble Power by
Power Ramp Step, whereas the maximum value of preamble transmission power is
equal to MaxallowedUlTxPower.
D: Decrease the Preamble Retransmission Counter by one. If the Preamble
Retransmission Counter > 0 and Commanded Preamble Power – maximum allowed
power < 6dB, then repeat from step 5. Otherwise exit the physical random access
procedure.
7. If a negative acquisition indicator corresponding to the selected signature is detected in
the downlink access slot corresponding to the selected uplink access slot, exit the physical
random access procedure.
8. If a positive acquisition indicator corresponding to the selected signature is detected, UE
transmits the random access message three or four uplink access slots after the uplink
access slot of the last transmitted preamble. After that, exit the physical random access
procedure.

RRC Connection Message

z Typical RRC connection messages:
RRC_CONNECTION_REQUEST
RRC_CONNECTION_SETUP
RRC_CONNECTION_SETUP_COMPLETE
RRC_CONNECTION_RELEASE
z When a UE needs network service, it first sets up RRC connection as follows:

The UE sends a RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message from the cell where it camps to
the RNC.
The RNC allocates related resources for the UE and sends an RRC CONNECTION SETUP
message to the UE.
The UE sends a RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message to the RNC. The RRC
connection setup ends.

UE Timers and Constants in Idle Mode

z T300
Parameter name: Timer 300 [ms]
Recommended value: D2000, namely 2s
z N300
Parameter name: Constant 300
z T300
Content: T300 is started when UE sends the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message. It is
stopped when UE receives the RRC CONNECTION SETUP message. RRC CONNECTION
REQUEST will be resent upon the expiry of the timer if V300 is lower than or equal to
N300, else enter idle mode.
Value range: D100, D200, D400, D600, D800, D1000, D1200, D1400, D1600, D1800,
D2000, D3000, D4000, D6000, D8000
Physical value range: 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, 2000, 3000,
4000, 6000, 8000
Physical unit: ms
Set this parameter through SET UIDLEMODETIMER, query it through LST
UIDLEMODETIMER.
z N300
Content: Maximum number of retransmissions of the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST
message.
Value range: 0~7
Physical unit: None
UIDLEMODETIMER.

UE Timers and Constants in Idle Mode

(Cont.)
z T312
Parameter name: Timer 312 [s]
Recommended value: 6, namely 6s
z N312
Parameter name: Constant 312
Recommended value: D1, namely 1
z T312
Content: T312 is started when UE starts to establish a DCH, and stopped when UE detects
consecutive N312 "in sync" indications from L1. It indicates physical channel setup failure
upon the expiry of the timer.
Value range: 1~15
Physical value range: 1~15s
Physical unit: s
UIDLEMODETIMER.
z N312
Content: Maximum number of successive "in sync" indications received from L1.
Value range: D1, D2, D4, D10, D20, D50, D100, D200, D400, D600, D800, D1000
Physical value range: 1, 2, 4, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000
Physical unit: None
UIDLEMODETIMER.

RRC Connection Establish Channel Type

and Bit Rate
z RrcCause
Parameter name: Cause of RRC connection establishment
Recommended value: refer to next page
z SigChType
Parameter name: Channel type for RRC establishment
z RrcCause
Content: This parameter specifies the cause of RRC connection establishment, that is, the
value of the Establishment cause IE in the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message.
Value range: ORIGCONVCALLEST, ORIGSTREAMCALLEST, ORIGINTERCALLEST,
ORIGBKGCALLEST, ORIGSUBSTRAFFCALLEST, TERMCONVCALLEST, TERMSTREAMCALLEST,
TERMINTERCALLEST, TERMBKGCALLEST, EMERGCALLEST, INTERRATCELLRESELEST,
INTERRATCELLCHGORDEREST, REGISTEST, DETACHEST, ORIGHIGHPRIORSIGEST,
ORIGLOWPRIORSIGEST, CALLREEST, TERMHIGHPRIORSIGEST, TERMLOWPRIORSIGEST,
TERMCAUSEUNKNOWN, MBMSCALLEST, DEFAULTEST
Set this parameter through SET URRCESTCAUSE, query it through LST URRCESTCAUSE.
z SigChType
Content: This parameter specifies the channel type and bit rate for RRC connection
establishment.
Value range: FACH, DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING, DCH_6.8K_SIGNALLING,
DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING, DCH_27.2K_SIGNALLING
FACH: The RRC connection is set up on the common channel.
DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING: The RRC connection is set up on the 3.4 kbit/s dedicated
channel.
DCH_6.8K_SIGNALLING: The RRC connection is set up on the 6.8 kbit/s dedicated
channel.
DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING: The RRC connection is set up on the 13.6 kbit/s
dedicated channel.
DCH_27.2K_SIGNALLING: The RRC connection is set up on the 27.2 kbit/s
dedicated channel.
Set this parameter through SET URRCESTCAUSE, query it through LST URRCESTCAUSE.
RRC Connection Establish Channel Type

and Bit Rate
z EFachSwitch
Parameter name: switch for RRC established on E_FACH
z EFachSwitch
Content: This parameter specifies whether the RRC connection is established
preferentially on the E-FACH. If this parameter is set to ON and both the UE and the serving
cell support E-FACH, then the RRC connection is established preferentially on the E-FACH,
regardless of the setting of SigChType. According to the related protocols, the UE cannot
transmit signals over the FACH if both the UE and the cell support E-FACH. Thus, if this
parameter is set to OFF and both the UE and the serving cell support E-FACH, then the RRC
connection can only be established on the non-FACH, even if the SigChType is set to FACH.
Otherwise, the RRC connection is established on the corresponding channel according to
the setting of SigChType
Value range: OFF, ON
Set this parameter through SET URRCESTCAUSE, query it through LST
URRCESTCAUSE.

RrcCause SigChType EFachSwitch

ORIGCONVCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
ORIGSTREAMCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
ORIGINTERCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
ORIGBKGCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
ORIGSUBSTRAFFCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
TERMCONVCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
TERMSTREAMCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
TERMINTERCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
TERMBKGCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
EMERGCALLEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
INTERRATCELLRESELEST DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING OFF
INTERRATCELLCHGORDEREST DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING OFF
REGISTEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
DETACHEST FACH OFF
ORIGHIGHPRIORSIGEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
ORIGLOWPRIORSIGEST FACH OFF
CALLREEST DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING OFF
TERMHIGHPRIORSIGEST DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING OFF
TERMLOWPRIORSIGEST FACH OFF
TERMCAUSEUNKNOWN FACH OFF
MBMSCALLEST DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING OFF
DEFAULTEST DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING OFF

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WCDMA UE Behaviors in Idle Mode N-1

Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 System information reception

 Cell selection and reselection

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 Perform parameters modification of the UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

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z UE has UTRAN carrier information:

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Cell Search (Cont.)

Frame synchronization and

Primary scrambling code

z Step 1: Slot synchronization

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z If no registered PLMN or equivalent PLMN is available, or if

 Manual PLMN selection: the UE shows all available PLMNs to the

Order PLMN types Remark

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PLMN Selection (Cont.)

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Structure of System Information

 SIB (System Information Block)

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Reception of System Information

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z There are four states involved in cell selection:

 Any cell selection

 Camped on any cell

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Cell Selection (Cont.)

 Stored information of cell selection

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Cell Selection Criteria

z Criterion S: Srxlev > 0 & Squal > 0, where:

S qual = Qqualmeas − Qqual min

Squal Cell selection quality value (dB)

Srxlev Cell selection RX level value (dBm)

Qqualmin Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB)

Qrxlevmin Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm)

Pcompensation Max (UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH – P_MAX, 0) (dB)

UE_TXPWR_M MaxAllowedUlTxPower, Max allowed UE UL Tx Power (dBm)

P_MAX Maximum RF output power of the UE (dBm)

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 Recommended value: -18, namely -18dB

 Recommended value: -58, namely -115dBm

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Parameters of S Criterion (Cont.)

 Recommended value: 24, namely 24dBm

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z Cell reselection process:

 Cell reselection criteria

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Measurement Start Criteria

Qqualmeas − Qqualmin ≤ Sintrasearch

Qqualmeas ≤ Qqualmin + Sintrasearch

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System information reception

Cell selection and reselection

Perform parameters modification of the UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

Manual PLMN selection: the UE shows all available PLMNs to the

SIB (System Information Block)

Any cell selection

Camped on any cell

Stored information of cell selection

Recommended value: -18, namely -18dB

Recommended value: -58, namely -115dBm

Recommended value: 24, namely 24dBm

Cell reselection criteria

Recommended value: 127, namely none

Recommended value: 127, namely none

Recommended value: 127, namely none

Recommended value: 127, namely none

Recommended value: 127, namely none

Recommended value: CPICH_ECNO

Recommended value: 1, namely 1s

Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for idle mode

Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for connected mode

Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for idle mode

Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

Parameter name: Hysteresis 2 for connected mode

Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

Route update (for GPRS)

Periodic location registration

Recommended value: 10, namely 60min

Recommended value: ALLOWED