28-05-2020 students doubts

Q.1 vapour compression refrigeration cycle, why it is

not called as modified bell coleman cycle because in
p-h diagram 2-3&4-1 are at constant pressure?

Q.2 What is the part that involved in making the

vapour to be superheated before compressor in the
superheated vapour cycle before compression ???

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15. In a vapour compression refrigeration system,
a throttle valve is used in place of an expander
because [IES-1996,
2011]
(a)It considerably reduces the system weight
(b)It improves the COP, as the condenser is small
(c)The positive work in isentropic expansion of
liquid is very small.
(d)It leads to significant cost reduction.
Ans. (c) In a vapour compression refrigeration
system, expander is not used because the
positive work in isentropic expansion of liquid is
so small that it can't justify cost of expander. Thus
a throttle valve is used in place of expander.
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19. Which one of the following expansion processes take s place in a vapour
compression cycle? [IES-2009]
(a)Polytropic process with change in temperature
(b)Adiabatic process with work transfer
(c)Isentropic process with change in enthalpy
(d)Adiabatic process with constant enthalpy
Ans. (d)
22. The effects of superheating of vapour in the evaporator and sub cooling
of condensate in the condenser, for the same compressor work [IES-
2010]
a) Increase the COP
b) Decrease the COP
c) Superheating increases COP, but sub cooling decreases COP
d) Superheating decreases COP, but sub cooling increases COP
Ans. (d) If liquid refrigerant is further cooled below the temperature of
saturation by a separate subcooler then refrigerating effect increased
without changing compressor work. In this case, COP is improved.
Super heating increases both the refrigeration effect as well as the work of
compression. Hence the COP (ratio of refrigeration effect and work of
compression) may or may not increase with superheat, depending mainly
upon the nature of the working fluid (d) is the best choice.

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In a vapour compression refrigeration plant, the refrigerant leaves the evaporator
at 195 kJ/kg and the condenser at 65 kJ/kg. For 1 kg/s of refrigerant, what is the
refrigeration effect? [IES-2005]
(a) 70 KW (b) 100 KW (c) 130 KW (d) 160 KW
Ans. (c) Q =m (h1 − h4 ) = 1× (195 − 65) = 130kW

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Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System
COP of vapour absorption refrigeration system
 Refrigerant – absorbent combinations for VARS
The desirable properties of refrigerant-absorbent mixtures for VARS are:
(i) The refrigerant should exhibit high solubility with solution in the absorber.
This is to say that it should exhibit negative deviation from Raoult’s law at
absorber.
(ii) There should be large difference in the boiling points of refrigerant and
absorbent, so that only refrigerant is boiled-off in the generator. This ensures
that only pure refrigerant circulates through refrigerant circuit (condenser-
expansion valve evaporator) leading to isothermal heat transfer in
evaporator and condenser.
(iii) It should exhibit small heat of mixing so that a high COP can be achieved.
However, this requirement contradicts the first requirement. Hence, in
practice a trade-off is required between solubility and heat of mixing.
(iv) The refrigerant-absorbent mixture should have high thermal conductivity
and low viscosity for high performance.
(v) It should not undergo crystallization or solidification inside the system.
(vi) The mixture should be safe, chemically stable, non-corrosive, and
inexpensive and should be available easily.
The most commonly used refrigerant-absorbent pairs in commercial
systems are:
1. Water-Lithium Bromide (H2O – LiBr) system for above 0ºC
applications such as air conditioning. Here water is the refrigerant
and lithium bromide is the absorbent.
2. Ammonia-Water (NH3 – H2O) system for refrigeration applications
with ammonia as refrigerant and water as absorbent.
Of late efforts are being made to develop other refrigerant-absorbent
systems using both natural and synthetic refrigerants to overcome
some of the limitations of (H2O – LiBr) and (NH3 – H2O) systems.
Currently, large water-lithium bromide (H2O – LiBr) systems are
extensively used in air conditioning applications, where as large
ammonia-water (NH3 – H2O) systems are used in refrigeration
applications, while small ammonia-water systems with a third inert
gas are used in a pump less form in small domestic refrigerators
(triple fluid vapour absorption systems).
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The liquid refrigerant leaving the condenser flows under
gravity to the evaporator where it meets the hydrogen
gas. The hydrogen gas which is being fed to the
evaporator permit the liquid ammonia to evaporate at
low pressure and low temperature according to Daltons
principle.
During the process of evaporation the ammonia absorbs
the latent heat from the refrigerated space and thus
produces the cooling effect.
The mixture of ammonia vapour and hydrogen is passed to
the absorber where ammonia is absorbed in water while
the hydrogen rises to the top and flows back to the
evaporator thus completes the cycle.

C.O.P.= Heat absorbed in evaporator / Heat supplied in the

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1. Ammonia absorption refrigeration cycle requires
(A) Very little work input
(B) Maximum work input
(C) Nearly same work input as for vapour compression cycle
(D) Zero work input
Answer - A
2. Aqua ammonia is used as refrigerant in the following type of refrigeration system
(A) Compression
(B) Direct
(C) Indirect
(D) Absorption
Answer – D
3. In which of the following refrigeration system, waste heat can be effectively used?

(A) Vapour compression cycle

(B) Vapour absorption cycle
(C) Air refrigeration cycle
(D) None of these
Answer – B

4. Bell Coleman cycle is a

(A) Reversed Carnot cycle

(B) Reversed Otto cycle
(C) Reversed Joule cycle
(D) Reversed Rankine cycle
Answer - C
5. A vapour absorption refrigeration system

(A) Gives noisy operation

(B) Gives quiet operation
(C) Requires little power consumption
(D) Cools below 0°C
Answer – B

6. In aqua ammonia absorption refrigeration system, incomplete rectification leads to accumulation of water in

(A) Condenser
(B) Evaporator
(C) Absorber
(D) None of these
Answer – A

7. Which of the following statement is correct?

(A) In vapour absorption refrigerator, the compression of refrigerant is avoided.

(B) Sub-cooling can be achieved by circulating more quantity of cooling water through the condenser.
(C) In vapour compression refrigeration, the vapour is drawn in the compressor cylinder during its suction stroke and is
compressed adiabatically during the compression stroke.
(D) All of the above
Answer – D

8. The COP of a vapour compression plant in comparison to vapour absorption plant is

(A) More
(B) Less
(C) Same
(D) More/less depending on size of plant
Answer – A
9. An important characteristic of absorption system of refrigeration is
(A) Noisy operation
(B) Quiet operation
(C) Cooling below 0°C
(D) Very little power consumption
Answer - B

10. The refrigerant used for absorption refrigerators working on heat from solar collectors
is a mixture of water and

(A) Carbon dioxide

(B) Sulphur dioxide
(C) Lithium bromide
(D) R-12
Answer - C

11. The evolution of heat of solution takes place in ammonia absorption plant when
(A) Ammonia vapour goes into solution
(B) Ammonia vapour is driven out of solution
(C) Lithium bromide mixes with ammonia
(D) Weak solution mixes with strong solution
Answer - A
12. The refrigerant, commonly used in vapour
absorption system is,
a) water b) ammonia c) freon d) aqua-ammonia
Answer - d
13. A vapour absorption system
a) gives noisy operation
b) gives quiet operation
c) requires little power consumption
d) cools below 00 C.
Answer - b
14. In aqua-ammonia absorption refrigeration system,
incomplete rectification leads to accumulation of water in
a) condenser b) evaporator
c) absorber d) none of these
Answer – a
15. Comparing mechanical vapour compression refrigeration
system with absorption refrigeration system, the compressor
of the former is replaced in the latter by
a) an absorber, a generator, a liquid pump and a pressure
reduction valve
b) An absorber, a generator, a liquid pump and a pressure
reduction valve
c) an absorber, an evaporator, a liquid pump and an expansion
valve
d) a generator, an evaporator, a liquid pump and an expansion
valve
Answer - b
5. Vapour absorption refrigeration system works using the
a) Ability of a substance to get easily condensed or evaporated
b) Ability of a vapour to get compressed or expanded
c) Affinity of a substance for another substance
d) Absorptivity of a substance
Answer – c vapour absorption refrigeration system works using
the affinity of a substance for another substance

6. Which one of the following statements regarding ammonia

absorption system is correct?
a) A function of the temperature and pressure of the solution
b) A function of the pressure of the solution irrespective of the
temperature
c) A function of the temperature of the solution alone
d) Independent of the temperature and pressure of the
solution
Answer - c
7. In vapour absorption refrigeration system
heating in generator is done at 1770 C,
refrigeration in vaporator at -30 C and cooling in
condenser at 270 C. Then what will be the
maximum COP of the system?
a) 1.5 b) 2.3 c) 3.0 d) 4.0
Answer – c COP of refrigerator
8. Theoretical maximum COP of a vapour absorption
system (where, TG= generator temp, TE = evaporator
temp, TO = environmental temp) is:

Answer – a
9. Absorbent in a vapour absorption refrigeration
system separates from the refrigerant only when it
(a) Is sufficiently heated
(b) Is sprayed on cooling water
(c) Is cooled
(d) Reacts with refrigerant
Answer - a
10. For the same condenser and evaporator
temperatures, the COP of absorption refrigeration
system is less than that of mechanical vapour
compression refrigeration system, since in the
absorption refrigeration system
(a) A liquid pump is used for compression
(b) A refrigerant as well as a solvent is used
(c) Absorber requires heat rejection
(d) Low grade energy is used to run the system
Answer - d