 Membrane – covering of skin

 Cutaneous membrane= “cuties” or skin

 Mucous – moist membrane
 Thoracic cavity, abdominal pelvic cavity and pericardial cavity – connection with outside cavity
 Connective tissue membrane – lines joint cavities
 Joint cavity otherwise known as synovial cavity
 As we old the space becomes narrower (especially to athletes) – or the osteoarthritis
 Integumentary system – largest system of the body because it contains skin
 Skin is one of the biggest skin, it covers the body (contains 6%)
 Function: cushion to protect body organs
 Pigment melanin – protecting us from UV rays
 Kidney Failure – skins perspiration smells urine because of ammonia
 Vitamin D is important in absorbent of calcium
 Rickets – a person lacking vitamin D; having soft bone due to the decrease in absorption of
calcium
 Layers of the skin – epidermis and dermis
 Keratin – protein that protects body from excessive dehydration; moisture
 Epidermis is avascular (no blood vessels); nutrition comes from basal membrane
 Thick skin (hairless; found at palm and sole); Thin skin (lacks lucidum)
 Why epidermis and dermis should arranged in a wave form? So epidermis and dermis would not
be separated.
 Stratum basale – is only a living part of the epidermis; cells undergoing mitosis
 When skin goes up it dies.
 Stratum corneum – dead skin; remove when takes a bath or scrubs the body (libag)
 Skin gradually changes every two weeks
 Merkel – receives light touch
 Hue melanin Asian (yellow to brown to black); paleous (red)
 All human being contains same number of melanocytes (more active is Blacks; less active
Caucasians) – more exposure to sun means more melanin are produced, aside from cultural
factor
 Dermis is a dense and has connective tissue
 No two person have same fingerprints because of the arrangement of papillae
 Carotemia vs Jundice – check the function of the liver
 Torniquet – within 1 minute only; otherwise hematoma occur
 Your hair and hands are the dirtiest part of the body; especially to protect the face
 Massage scalp, to become shiny (release of natural oil) and to clean follicles.
 Eccrine (except nipple, armpit, singit)
 Naturally, skin is somewhat acidic, like a sweat of a child
 Appocrine – duct is attached to hair follicle; body + oil is prone to bacteria (produces body odor).
Appocrine produces yellowish color.
 Remember, what you wat is what you smell.
 Appocrine glands are related to stress
 Hair produces outside scalp are all dead
 Normally, we loss less than a hundred of hair in a day
 Protein malnutrition – thinness of hair, change in color
 Hair loss: treatment/medicines (eg cancer), stress, protein malnutrition, it can be naturaly
occurred also, genetics, and it also indicates diseases.
 Cuticle, protects from excessive dryness
 In pagpapakulay ng hair, you’ll remove cuticle; do it every after 3 months
 Why do we have nails? Gives strength, makes it hard to grip and do other functions
 Don’t remove cuticles, because it protects the nail (avoid infection)
 Fungi (comes from the soil); stays sa mainit, mamasa masa, madilim;