FY B.

Tech
ENERGY, WATER, ENVIRNOMENT SUSTAINABILITY
 
 
 

 SUBMITTED TO:

PROF. MAHESH KURULEKAR

VISHWAKARMA INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, PUNE 

BY:
Harsh Kalokhe- 16009
Shreyash Edake- 16021
Kushagra Atre- 16023
Om Pandav- 16024

 
 
CLASS: First Year Engineering
 
BATCH: P1
 

 TOPIC-
Principle and Working of different types of power plants,
Solar Power Plant.

REPORT
  
Power Plant-
A power plant is an industrial facility that generates electricity from primary energy.
What is power plant?
Most power plants use one or more generators that convert mechanical energy into
electrical energy in order to supply power to the electrical grid for society's electrical
needs.The exception is solar power plants, which use photovoltaic cells (instead of a
turbine) to generate this electricity

Different types of power plants-

1. Nuclear power plants. 

2. Hydroelectric power plants. 

3. Coal-fired power plants. 

4. Diesel-fired power plants.

5. Geothermal power plants. 

6. Gas-fired power plants. 

7. Wind power plants.

8. Tidal power plants.

9. Solar power plants. 

Solar Power Plant :

A solar power plant is any type of facility that converts sunlight either directly, like
photovoltaics, or indirectly, like solar thermal plants, into electricity.
What is a solar power plant?
A solar power plant is any type of facility that converts sunlight either directly, like
photovoltaics, or indirectly, like solar thermal plants, into electricity. They come in a
variety of types, with each using discretely different techniques to harness the power of
the sun.
The gravitational pull of the Moon on the Earth causes tides. Tidal flow can be harnessed
to drive turbines.  This is also a nearly unlimited source of energy and is largely non-
polluting.

Types of Solar Power Station-

There are mainly four types of solar power stations.

1. Stand Alone or Off Grid type Solar Power Plant.

2. Grid Tie type Solar Power Plant.

3. Grid Tie with Power Backup or Grid Interactive type Solar Power Plant.

4. Grid Fallback type Solar Power Plant.

Working principle of solar power Plant:

They work on the principle of the photovoltaic effect. When certain materials are
exposed to light, they absorb photons and release free electrons. This phenomenon is
called the photoelectric effect. The photovoltaic effect is a method of producing direct
current electricity based on the principle of the photoelectric effect.
Based on the principle of the photovoltaic effect, solar cells or photovoltaic cells are
made. They convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity. But, a single
photovoltaic cell does not produce enough amount of electricity. Therefore, a number of
photovoltaic cells are mounted on a supporting frame and are electrically connected to
each other to form a photovoltaic module or solar panel.

How solar energy works?

Solar power is harnessed using Solar Photovoltaic (PV) technology that converts
sunlight (Solar radiation) into electricity by using semiconductors. When the sun hits the
semiconductor within the PV cell, electrons are freed and bus bars collect the running
electrons which results in electric current. When we place Solar panels connected in a
calculated manner in the sunlight, they start producing current and voltage in the form of
Direct current (DC) but in most of the countries in the world appliances and equipment
runs on Alternative current (AC) so we need to connect to all Solar panels to an Inverter
which then converts DC into AC for home use.

India on solar power plants ;

The country's solar installed capacity was 36.9 GW as of 30 November 2020.
The Indian government had an initial target of 20 GW capacity for 2022, which was
achieved four years ahead of schedule.
In 2015 the target was raised to 100 GW of solar capacity (including 40 GW from rooftop
solar) by 2022, targeting an investment of US$100 billion.
India has established nearly 42 solar parks to make land available to the promoters of
solar plants.

Advantages of Solar power plant:

1. Renewable Energy Source 
2. Reduces Electricity Bills    
3. Diverse Applications    
4. Low Maintenance Costs    
5. Technology Development

Disadvantages of Solar power plant:

1. Cost
2. Weather Dependent
3. Solar Energy Storage is Expensive
4. Uses a Lot of Space
5. Associated with Pollution
CONCLUSION-
The Sun provides a very abundant supply of energy that is available to all of us. This
energy from the Sun is completely under used. If we covered only 4% of the world desert
area with solar panels, this would supply the same as all the world electricity today.
Especially combined with other forms of renewable energy such as wind energy. There is
so much potential energy to be gained from using solar energy. The amount of solar
energy that reaches our planet surface is so abundant that in a year it provides around
twice as much as we will ever be able to obtain from all of the Earths finite resources.
These finite resources include coal, oil and natural gas. This resource is not just available
to businesses and major energy companies. It is also available to the everyday people
who would like to utilize energy from the sun in their own backyard. Back yard and roof
top solar panels are being seen more and more all over the world. From professional
installation with manufactured panels to home made with do it yourself installation. If
you looking to move down the do it yourself path, this is by far the easiest, simplest and
most inexpensive way I have found to get started with utilizing the infinite supply of
energy from the sun. The supply is unlimited so it really just depends on how much of it
we want to use. Run a small appliance or two, or produce enough to replace your entire
electric bill.