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CẤU TRÚC BÀI THI TUYỂN SINH SAU ĐẠI HỌC TRÌNH ĐỘ B
Bài thi 120 phút

(SECTION 1 + 2 : THI TRẮC NGHIỆM = 60 điểm)

SECTION 1: + PART 1: STRUCTURE (15 điểm)

+ PART 2: WRITTEN EXPRESSION (25 điểm)

SECTION 2: READING COMPREHENSION

PART A: + PASSAGE 1 ( 5điểm)

+ PASSAGE 2 ( 5điểm)

PART B: Gap- filling ( 10 điểm)

SECTION 3: WRITING

PART A: GUIDED SENTENCE WRITING (20 điểm)

PART B: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 điểm)

 SENTENSE TRANSFORMATION
(CÁC CẤU TRÚC CHUYỂN ĐỔI CÂU)
1. so…that / such…that / too…to-V
2. Although / In spite of / Despite
3. Because / Because of
4. Comparisons
5. Active / Passive
6. The first and second Conditionals
7. Reported Speech
8. After (had done) / past simple
9. Past simple / Present perfect
10.Relative Pronouns ( Who/which/where)

Mẫu câu 1: mặc dù, dù là, bất chấp , bất kể.

Although // Even though // Though + CLAUSE = Despite // In spite of +
1) +V.ing: Với ĐK là 2 mệnh đề cùng chủ ngữ
2) +Noun phrase( cụm từ)
3) +the fact that + Clause
Ex: Although he was tired, he went to class = He was tired but he went to class.
= In spite of // Despite being tired, he went to class. (cách 1)
= In spite of // Despite the fact that he was tired, he went to class. (cách 3)
(!) (Cách 3): Viết lại câu gốc, bỏ Although, but

1) It rained heavily but my father went out = Although…………………………………….

2) We live in the same street but we hardly ever talk to each other
= Despite……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3) Despite taking some sleeping tablets, Jane couldn’t sleep last night.
= Although…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4) He has a good job but he is not happy. = In spite………………………………………..
5) Despite his working hard, Tom doesn’t get much money.
= Although…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Mẫu câu 2: *vì, bởi vì, do…
Because// As + CLAUSE (MỆNH ĐỀ) = BECAUSE OF + Noun phrase (cụm từ)
+ V.ing: Với ĐK là 2 MĐ cùng chủ ngữ
+the fact that + clause
*do đó, vì thế, do vậy…
Clause 1 + SO + Clause 2
Ex: We couldn’t leave the office early because we had a weekly meeting.
= We couldn’t leave the office early because of our weekly meeting.
= We had a weekly meeting so we couldn’t leave the office early.

1) It rained heavily so we arrived home late.

= We………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2) The plane landed a bit late because there was thick fog.

= Because of………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3) I was late for work because of traffic jam this morning.

= I was late for work………………………………………………………………………………………………

4) She failed the exam because she was lazy.

= Because of………………………………………………………………………………………………

5)They missed the bus because they got up late.

= They got up………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Mẫu câu 3: …đến nỗi mà

*…such + noun phrase + that…………..
* …so + adjective/ adverb + that…………..
Ex: She is so careful that she never makes mistakes.
= She works so carefully that she never makes mistakes.
= She is such a careful woman that she never makes mistakes.
 Mẫu câu 4: …đến nỗi mà
S + tobe + so … that + clause
= S + tobe + too… for… TO DO …quá … để (ai) làm gì
Ex: The test is so long that we can not finish it on time.
= The test is too long for us to finish on time.

1) The film was so moving that she couldn’t stop crying.

=It was…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2) She has such a soft voice that we hear nothing.
=Her voice……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3) He is such a careless driver that I never ask for a lift.
=He drives…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4) She is so young that she can’t get married.
= She is……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5) It was such a bad meal that we didn’t finish it.
= The meal was too……………………………………………………………………………………

Mẫu câu 5:
S + tobe + too + Adjective + ( for smb) + TO DO smt (Ai…quá…(để) làm gì)
= S + to be not + Adjective + enough( for smb) + TO DO smt (Ai…ko đủ…(để) làm gì
Ex: She is too reserved (for us) to talk to. (Cô ta quá dè dặt (để chúng tôi) bắt chuyện).
= She is not open enough (for us) to talk to. (Cô ta ko đủ cởi mở (để chúng tôi) bắt chuyện).

1). This chair is too dangerous to sit on.

= This chair is…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2). This water is not hot enough to make some coffee.

= This water is………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3). We couldn’t swim in the sea because of cold sea water.

= The sea water was……………………………………………………………………………………………

 4). There was so much sugar in the coffee that I didn’t enjoy it.

= The coffee was…………………………………………………………………………………………..

5).The boy is too short to touch the painting.

= The boy is………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Mẫu câu 6:
S + have/has never + DONE smt before = This (It) is the first time+S have/has DONE smt
(Ai từ trước tới giờ chưa từng làm gì = Đây là lần đầu tiên ai đó làm gì)
Ex: I have never seen a horror film (before) = This is the first time I have seen a horror film.
(!) viết lại câu gốc, bỏ …never…before

1). I have never had such good coffee before.

= This is…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2). This is the first time she has ever tried Indian food.

= She has……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3). It is the first time he has drunk so much.

=He has…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4). They have never gone out together before.

=It is………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5). This is the first time we have met each other.

=We have……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Mẫu câu 7:
Adjectives end in…ING (boring) and …ED (bored)
Hai loại tính từ này được cấu tạo từ ngoại động từ (bore)
Ex: The students are bored with the lesson = The lesson is boring to the students.
( The lesson bores the students)

1).My job is very tiring = I am very………………………………………………………………………….

2). She finds listening to music interesting = She is……………………………………………….

3).I found the film exciting = I am………………………………………………………………………….

4).His new film is really surprising me = I am…………………………………………………………

5).I am interested in your plan = I found………………………………………………………………..

Mẫu câu 8:
Relative Clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ)
Là một mệnh đề phụ thường bắt đầu bằng một đại từ quan hệ (who/which=that)hoặc một
trạng từ quan hệ (when/where…)để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ trước nó(mđqh)
Eg: The woman used to be a famous singer. We met her at Andy’s.
= used to be a famous singer.

1).I would like to live in a country. There is plenty of sunshine there.

= I would like to live………………………………………………………………………………………………

2).My daughter likes eating all the food. I cook the food.

= My daughter likes……………………………………………………………………………………………..

3).I have just met the girl. She sang at your birthday party.

= I have just met……………………………………………………………………………………………………

4).Do you know James? His house is the biggest in your town.

= Do you know James…………………………………………………………………………………………?

 5).I have read this novel. It is about the US Civil War.

= I have read this novel…………………………………………………………………………………………..

Mẫu câu 9:
CONDITIONALS (Câu điều kiện)
*Conditional 1: (Nếu như sau này…) If + S + DO(es)smt…, S + will DO smt.
Eg: If we have enough money, we will buy this house.
*Conditional 2: (Nếu như bây giờ…) If + S + DID smt…, S + would DO smt.
Eg: If we had enough money, we would buy this house.
(!) were : cho cả 3 ngôi
*Conditional 3: (Nếu như trước đây…) If + S + HAD DONE smt…, S + would HAVE DONE smt.
Eg: If we had had enough money, we would have bought this house.
(!) Unless = If…not
1).Unless you apply for the job, you can’t get it.

=If you……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2).He can’t drive his car because he doesn’t have driving license.

=If you…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3).I didn’t buy that coat because I had a little money.

=If I…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4).They are expecting the good weather to take their kids out.

=If the weather……………………………………………………………………………………………………

5).These plants will die if you do not water them.

=Unless you…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Mẫu câu 10:

Present Perfect Simple: S + have/has + V(P2)
Present Perfect Continuous: S + have/has + been + V.ing
Eg: They moved to the city when they had the first child.
= They have been living (have lived) in this city since they had the first child.
1).Tom started playing tennis 10 years ago. Now he plays so well.

=Tom has……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2).He started his work in this factory when he got MA degree.

=He has………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3).She started her job as a teacher when she graduated.

= She has……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4).They started to raise fund to help disable children in early 2019.

=They have…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5). They started their party an hour ago and now they are so noisy.

=They have…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Mẫu câu 11: The Passives (Câu Bị Động)

S + tobe + V (p2)…(by…)
Tenses of TOBE
*PRESENT: - Present Simple : am/is/are
- Present Continuous : am being / is being / are being
- Present Perfect Simple: have been / has been

*PAST : - Past Simple : was / were

- Past Continuous : was being / were being
- Past Perfect Simple : had been

*FUTURE : - Future Simple : will be

- Future Continuous : will be being
- Future Perfect Simple: will have been
- near Future : is going to be /are going to be/am going to be
1).You must keep your dog outside the shop.

=Your dog……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2).Water covers most of the Earth.

=Most of……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3).We were taken up by a loud noise last night.

=A noise………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4).How many plays did he write?

=How many plays………………………………………………………………………………………………….?

5).Our house is usually repaired on the occasion of New Year.

=We usually have………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6).They are going to repair and upgrade this building.

=This building……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7).Somebody has cooked something.

=Something………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8).The police is watching the thief.

=The thief…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9). She fed her baby some milk before she took him to bed.

=Her baby…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

10). You need iron these shirts.

=These shirts need…………………………………………………………………………………………..

 Mẫu câu 12: Comparisons (Các cấp so sánh)
*S1 + tobe + as + short adjective / long adjective + as + S2
Eg: I am as slim and beautiful as her / she is.
*S1 + tobe + short adjective(er) + than + S2
Eg: She is older and wiser than me/ I am.
*S1 + tobe + more (hơn)/ less (kém) + long adjective + than + S2
Eg: She is more beautiful but less resourceful than me / I am.
*S1 + tobe + the + short adjective(est)
Eg: Russia is the largest (country) in the world.
*S1 + tobe + the most(nhất)/ the least( bét) + long adjective
Eg: The USA is the most powerful but the least peaceful (country) in the world.

1).The journey was not as exciting as was thought.

=The journey was…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2). German is more difficult than English.

=English is……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3). She drives more careful than I do.

=I…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4). We all thought that the film was more interesting.

=The film was…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5). Coal is more economical than gas.

=Gas……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Mẫu câu 13: Reported Speech (Câu gián tiếp)

Khi chuyển từ một lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp khá đơn giản. Chúng ta chỉ cần
ghép nội dung tường thuật ở phía sau câu nói và hạ động từ của nó xuống một
cấp quá khứ, đại từ được chuyển đổi cho phù hợp. Tuy nhiên, cần lưu ý một số
vấn đề sau:

1-Nếu động từ tường thuật (reporting verb) chia ở các thì hiện tại, chúng ta giữ
nguyên thì (tense)của động từ chính, đại từ chỉ định, các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn
cũng như trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong câu trực tiếp khi chuyển sang gián tiếp.
Eg: He says: “I’m going to Hanoi next week”.
= He says he is going to Hanoi next week.

2- Nếu động từ tường thuật cuả câu ở thì quá khứ thì phải lùi động từ chính về
quá khứ một bậc khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) sang lời nói gián
tiếp (indirect/reported speech).
Eg: Hiện tại đơn giản = Quá khứ đơn giản (do/does = did)
Quá khứ đơn giản = Quá khứ hoàn thành ( did = had done)
Hiện tại hoàn thành = Quá khứ hoàn thành (have/has done = had done)
Must/ have to = had to // may = might

3- Đổi đại từ chỉ định: this = that // these = those

4- Đổi trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn:

Here = there // now = then //today = that day// tomorrow = the next day
Next week = the following week // yesterday = the previous day, the day before
Last week = the week before // ago = before

5- Các mẫu câu gián tiếp:

a)Câu hỏi gián tiếp:
* Yes/No questions: S + asked/wondered + if/whether + S + V
Ex: “Are you angry?” he asked = He asked if/whether I was angry.
*Wh-question: S + asked / wondered + Wh-words +S +V
Ex: “What are you talking about?” said the teacher = The teacher asked us what
we were talking about.
b)Câu kể gián tiếp:
S + say(s)/said +(that) +S +V
says/say to + O = tells / tell +O
Ex: He said to me: “I haven’t finished my work”.
= He told me he hadn’t finished his work.

c) Câu mệnh lệnh gián tiếp:

* Khẳng định: S + told + O + to-infinitive
Ex: “Please wait for me here, Mary”, Tom said.
= Tom told Mary to wait for him there.
*Phủ định: S + told + O + not to-infinitive
Ex: “Don’t talk in class”, the teacher said to us.
= The teacher told us not to talk in class.

1. “Would you turn off the radio, please”, Jim said to his friend.
= Jim told……………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. “How much did you pay for this coat?”, he asked his wife.
= He asked his wife……………………………………………………………………………………
3. “Is Anna coming to the party tonight?”, he said.
= He asked……………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. “Don’t talk while I am teaching!”, the teacher said.
= The teacher asked the students……………………………………………………………
5. “Please don’t tell anyone about what happened”, Ann said to me.
= Ann asked me………………………………………………………………………………………
6. “Where did you go last night?”, asked the police.
= The police questioned him…………………………………………………………………
7. “She didn’t go to the cinema”.
= She told me……………………………………………………………………………………….
8. “I haven’t eaten sushi before”.
= She said………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. “We went out last night”.
= She told me…………………………………………………………………………………………
10. “Can you help me with my homework, please?”
=He asked………………………………………………………………………………………………
Mẫu câu 14: S + last DID smt….ago (in…): Ai làm gì lần gần đây nhất là khi…
= S + haven’t (hasn’t) DONE smt since… (for…): Ai đó bao lâu chưa làm
gì
Ex: We had last a class meeting in 2006 (5 years ago): Chúng tôi họp lớp lần gần
đây nhất là vào năm 2006.
= We haven’t had a class meeting since 2006 (for 5 years): Từ năm 2006 đến nay
chúng tôi chưa họp lớp.

1. I haven’t read any novels for a long time.

= I last…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. We haven’t gone to the cinema for long.
= We last………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I last received her letters last year.
= I haven’t…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. They haven’t met since they left school.

= They last……………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Jane last bought some make-up two months ago.
= Jane…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..