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Optical Components: Ajmal Muhammad, Robert Forchheimer
Optical Components: Ajmal Muhammad, Robert Forchheimer
1310 (signal)
Amplified
Signal
1550 nm
(pump) Wavelength-dependent
coupler
Transmission
Diffraction
mirrors)
Gratings
Transmission gratings
The incident light is transmitted through the
slits
Due to diffraction (narrow slits) the light is
transmitted in all direction Transmission Reflective
gratings gratings
Each slit becomes a secondary source of
light
A constructive interference will be created
on the image plane only for specific WLs that
are in phase high light intensity
Narrow slits are placed next to each other
The spacing determines the pitch of the
gratings
Angles are due to phase shift Diffraction
gratings
Fiber Bragg Gratings
Any periodic perturbation in the propagation medium serves as a
Bragg gratings
Diffractive optical
element
Optical Add/Drop Using Fiber
Bragg Grating
Fabry-Perot Filters
A cavity with highly reflective mirrors parallel to each other
(Bragg structure)
Acts like a resonator
Also called FP Interferometer
Used in lasers
Tunability of Fabry-Perot
Changing the cavity length (l)
Varying the refractive index (n) within the cavity
Mechanical placement of mirrors
Not very reliable
Using piezoelectric material within the cavity
Thermal instability
Multilayer Dielectric Thin Film
Filters
Dielectric thin-film (DTF) interference filters consist of
alternating quarter-wavelength thick layers of high
refractive index and low refractive index
each layer is a quarter-wavelength thick.
The primary considerations in DTF design are:
Low-pass-band loss (« 0.3 dB)
Good channel spacing (> 10 nm)
Low inter-channel cross-talk (> -28 dB)
Static Wavelength
Cross-connect
Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
Active Components
Four-Wave
mixing
Gain Equalizers
Gain/Power Equalizers
Gain/Power Equalizers