Arecaceae Family

Habit: Woody shrubs or trees,

sometimes climbing (e.g. Cane).

Root: Fibrous and adventitious.

Stem: Erect, unbranched and woody.

It is marked with the scar of shed leaf.
Most palms are polymorphic
(flowering year after year) and some
are monomorphic (flowering only
once before dying) e.g. sago palm.
Leaves
Large, pinnately (Cocos) or palmately (fan palm) compound.
Having a large petiole & often sheathing base. Petiole is spiny
or smooth.

Coconut Pulm
Inflorescence
Large, Spadix with woody spathe.
Perienth
6 free or united tepal in two whorls.
Usually persistent. Valvate or twisted
aestivation.

Androecium
6 in two whorls (3+3). Anther
basifixed.

Gynoecium
Carpel 3, syncarpous or apocarpous,
trilocular or unilocular. Axile
placentation. Ovary superior.

Fruit
Drupe (Cocos), berry (Phoenix).
Floral Diagram and formula :
 Araceae Family

Habit:
Usually herbs, occasionally climbing
shrub. Plants grow in moist and
shady place.

Roots:
Fibrous root.

Stem:
Under ground stem in form of corm,
rhizome or erect root stock.
Leaves:
Simple, alternate and cauline. Broad, long petioled and net
veined. In climbing species, cauline leaves are found with
reticulate veined.
Inflorescence:
Spadix surrounded by large, bright colored bract called
spathe. Usually monoecious with female flower at the base
and a closely packed male flowers above. The axis of spadix
is prolonged.
Flower
Sessile, small, unisexual
(monoecious or dioecious), may
be trimerous or dimerous.
Perienth either absent, or 6 or 4
scales.
Androecium
6 stamen. Syngenesious or
synandrous.
Gynoecium
Carpel 1-3, Syncarpous, 1-3
celled. Ovary superior.
Fruit: Berry.
 Tiliaceae Family
General Habit: Shrub or herb
Leaf: Alternate, simple, stipulate, patiolate, margin serrate, covered
with hairs.

Leaf
Inflorescence
Cymose; greatly condensed dichasial cymes (corchorus).
Flower
Bracteate; bracteols often appear like epicalyx, complete,
hermaphrodite, actinomorphic, hypogynous, usually pentamerous.

Flower
Calyx: 5 sepals, rarely 3 or 4, polysepalous, generally hairy, valvate.
Corolla: 5 petals, polypetalous, imbricate, usually yellow color.
Androecium: 10 or Numerous free or united by the basal part of their
filament.
Gynoecium: Bi to multicarpellary, syncarpous, superior. Axile
placentation.
Fruit
Fruit dry, dehiscent, usually
capsule.
 Important plants

English name Bangla name Botanical name

Deshi Jute Deshi pat Corchorus capsularis

Tusa Jute Tusha pat C. olitorius

Wild jute C. aestunas

Tilia Tilia Tilia vulgaris

Falsa Grewia asiatica

Differences Between Corchorus capsularis and C. olitorius

Corchorus capsularis C. olitorius

Shorter than C. olitorius plant Taller than Corchorus capsularis

Leaves are dark green Leaves are whitish green

Fruits are round Fruits are elongated

Seeds are dark color Seeds are bluish green in color

Thank You