The diagram shows how chocolate is produced.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where
relevant.

The diagram shows how chocolate is produced.

The diagram / picture describes the process of making chocolate/ chocolate production.
It is obvious that this man-made process includes/ involves 10 steps beginning with ripe red
cacao seeds undergoing various biological and chemical phases under distinct temperature
conditions to become liquid chocolate.
At the first stage, / In the first place, the cacao trees are grown in South America, Africa, and
Indonesia and the pods are ready to be harvested when they ripen/ turn red. The pods are then
split into two pieces with their skin removed and the white cocoa beans can be collected.
Subsequently, these beans are fermented with leaves surrounded/wrapped/ covered before
being left under direct exposure to the sun (on a flat surface/ a large rectangular container) to
be dried/ dehydrated. Following that, they are put into/ placed in big sacks and delivered by
either train or lorry to a factory for further production/ preparation.
In the factory, the beans are roasted at 350 degrees Celsius prior to being crushed in a grinder
to separate the outer shell. The final stage concludes with the inner part of the bean being
pressed into liquid chocolate.

WRITING TASK 2
Time: 40 mins
Words: 250 min
Topic: education, environment, health, animals, transport, crime, culture

NOTES:
• Avoid using contractions and abbreviations
(don’t => do not, can’t => cannot, ad => advertisement, app => application, merch =>
merchandise)
• Avoid “we” “you” (“you” refers to the examiner) => use dummy subject
• Avoid overgeneralization (all, everyone, always, never)
• Avoid spoken language (anymore => no longer; kid => youngster)
• Avoid “:” => namely / including
• Avoid “…” “etc.” “so on” => and other activities/ kinds (and other + Ns)

• SHOULD PARAPHRASE
Important = essential = vital = necessary = indispensable
Following passion is extremely important. (spoken)
 The pursuit of passion is of great importance for each individual (written)
• SHOULD USE FORMAL LANGUAGE
Make sure => ensure
Keep => maintain
• SHOULD NEUTRALIZE (trung lập) YOUR LANGUAGE
Can – could – may – might
Tend to V – have a tendency to V – be likely to V – WOULD V