INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

LIAQUAT UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES,

JAMSHORO
Subject: Signals & Systems Year: 3rd Term: 5th
Lab Handout – 02

Name: _________________________________ Roll No: ____________________

Score: __________ Signature of Tutor: ______________ Date:________________

To plot different graphs in MATlab

Lab Objectives:
 To understand M-files principle.
 To plot multiple plots on a single graph.
 To use different parameters on the graph.
 To plot multiple graphs in a single graph window.

Requirement:
MATlab 7.0 or later

Script/M-file: One can place all commands you want to execute in a file with extension .m at
the end, and you run the script file. MATLAB will run all of these commands in sequence for
you. MATLAB has a M-file editor that you can use where you can create your scripts.
 
Basic Graphic Commands:
2D plotting: If x and y is array of elements that are the same size, you can plot them using this
data with the following command:
plot(x, y);

Example#01: Plot the line y = x

X=0:0.1:10;
Y=x;
Plot(x,y)

Multiple plots on a single Graph: If you want to plot multiple

plots on a single graph, you do the following:
plot(x1,y1,x2,y2,…,xN,yN);
N is the number of plots you want to appear on the single graph.

Example # 02: Plot the following 5 lines:

y1 = 0.1x, y2 = 0.5x, y3 = 2x, y4 = 5x, y5 = 10x

x=0:0.1:10;
y1=0.1.*x; y2=0.5.*x; y3=2.*x;
y4=5.*x; y5=10.*x;
plot(x,y1,x,y2,x,y3,x,y4,x,y5);
Labelling Axes:
 grid puts a grid on the graph. The spacing for the grid is automatically figured out by
MATLAB
 title(‘…’) lets your graph have a title.
 xlabel(‘…’), ylabel(‘…’) labels the x and y axes accordingly. Put the labels inside the
quotations
 legend(‘…’, ‘…’, …, ‘…’) produces a legend, labeling what each plot is on the graph

Example #03:
x=0:0.1:10;
y1=0.1.*x;
y2=0.5.*x;
y3=2.*x;
y4=5.*x;
y5=10.*x;
plot(x,y1,x,y2,x,y3,x,y4,x,y5);
grid; % To grid up the graph
title(‘Multiple Plots example’);
xlabel(‘X points’);
ylabel(‘Y points’);
legend(‘y1=0.1x’,’y2=0.5x’, ‘y3=2x’, ‘y4=5x’, ‘y5=10x’);

Additional parameters for Graph Plotting:

line_style is a character string of 2 characters. The 1 st character specifies the colour of your plot.
The 2nd character specifies how your plot will be plotted on the graph, or the plot style
plot(x, y, ‘line_style’);
Supported colors: blue, green, red, cyan, magenta, yellow, black

Example#04:
x = 0:0.1:10;
y = x;
plot(x,y,’g.’); %This will plot a green line with dots at each point
plot(x,y,’bo’); %This will plot a blue line with circles at each point
plot(x,y,'rx’); %This will plot a red line with crosses at each point

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Multiple plots in different Graph windows: The figure command can be used to display
multiple plots in separate figure windows.

Multiple Graphs in One Window: Multiple plots can be displayed within a single figure
window using the subplot function, which can be called as follows:
subplot(rows, cols, whichArea)

Example#05: If I wanted to make a window that has 4 plots, 2 plots in each row à 2 rows,
here’s what I’d do:

 Do subplot(221) à Specify that we want to work on the top left corner. Next, code the
syntax to plot normally. The plot will appear on the top left corner
 Do subplot(222) à Specify that we want to work on the top right corner. Next, code the
syntax to plot normally. The plot will appear on the top right corner
 Do subplot(223) à Specify that we want to work on the bottom left corner. Next, code the
syntax to plot normally. The plot will appear on the bottom left corner
 Do subplot(224) à Specify that we want to work on the bottom right corner. Next, code
the syntax to plot normally. The plot will appear on the bottom right corner

Example#06: To plot rate in the top half of a figure

and growth in the bottom half
rate= [3.2 4.1 5.0 5.6];
growth = [2.5 4.0 3.35 4.9];
figure;
subplot(2,1,1);
plot(rate)
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(growth)

Lab Tasks:
1. Plot the following:
A) y1=2x B) y2=x+3 C) y3=2x+2z

2. Plot following vectors in a single graph and embellish with custom colors. Also display
legend of the graph.
X = [3 9 27]; % dependent vectors of interest
Y = [10 8 6];
Z = [4 4 4];
t = [1 2 3]; % independent vector

3. Plot following 4 outputs on a single graph window. Mention x-label, y-label on each.
And display your Roll no: on top of the graph window.
y1=2x,
y2=4x,
y3=6x,
y4=8x, x= -5:0.1:5

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