Gas Turbine Compressor and Turbine

Description of Components Compressor Bearing Housing

The inner shell accommodates the bearing and

Function
The function of the compressor bearing housing is to
carry the rotor and support the compressor end of the gas
turbine. It is part of the outer casing and connects
stationary blade carrier I with the compressor inlet casing.
auxiliary equipment. The combined journal and thrust
bearing (4) is located in the strut plane. Bearing seal rings
(5) and the oil seal rings (3) seal the front and rear of the
shaft penetration.
The bearing housing has support paws adjacent to its
outer shell, these paws rest on the compressor supports.

Configuration and Functional Principle

The bearing housing (1) comprises an inner and an
outer shell. These two shells are connected by struts (2)
and form the intake duct.
content is not permitted without express written authority.

rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model

Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its

or design, are reserved.

1 Bearing housing
2 Struts
3 Oil seal ring
4 Combined journal and thrust
bearing
5 Bearing seal ring
6 Cover
Class: RESTRICTED

Fig. 1 Compressor Bearing Housing

Siemens AG 3.1-0530-9140
Power Generation 0704E-X
 Gas Turbine
Description of Components
Function
The combined journal and thrust bearing with
integrated HCO (hydraulic clearance optimization)
supports the rotor at the compressor end, accommodates
axial thrust, and locates the rotor axially.
Configuration and Functional Principle
The combined journal and thrust bearing (2) is a split
plain bearing. Two bearing shells (3) lined with babbitt
metal are inserted into the journal bearing bore. Their
inside surfaces are shaped such that load-bearing oil
wedges form between the bearing shells and the shaft
during operation. Lube oil is supplied under pressure via
bores into oil pockets in the babbitt metal. Jacking oil is
injected at high pressure through a bore (5) to ensure that
fluid friction is always maintained at low speeds.
This reduces wear on the babbitt contact surfaces and
rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model
content is not permitted without express written authority.
Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its
facilitates shaft rotation. A thermocouple (6) installed in the
lower journal bearing shell monitors the babbitt metal
A-A
or design, are reserved.
1 Thrust pads
2 Hydraulic piston, primary displacement direction
3 Bearing shell support sleeve
4 Bearing shell
5 Hydraulic piston, secondary displacement direction
6 Bolt
Class: RESTRICTED
7 Thermocouple
8 Bore
Siemens AG
Power Generation
Compressor and Turbine
Combined Journal and Thrust Bearing
temperature at that location which is subjected to the
greatest thermal loading.
The thrust bearing in the highly-stressed region (front)
is designed as a tilting-pad bearing, and as a rigid bearing
at the less highly-stressed end (rear). Oil is supplied via
bores in the bearing shell support sleeve and via injection
nozzles (4). All pads have a pivoting edge on their contact
surface. At the front end, these pivoting edges are not at
the center of the contact surface, at the rear end they are
at the center. This geometry ensures automatic adjustment
and proper formation of the oil wedges. Thermocouples
installed in upper and lower thrust bearing shells (1) at both
ends of the GT monitor babbitt metal temperature.
The integrated hydraulic displacement unit (7, 8) is
provided to shift the rotor axially, thus optimizing blade
clearances in the turbine (HCO). Shifting the rotor axially
increases the efficiency and output of the gas turbine. Oil is
supplied under pressure by an external hydraulic station.
Axial displacement involves two fixed points and is
monitored by displacement sensors.
B-B
7
3.1-0540-9140
0704E-X
 Gas Turbine Compressor and Turbine
Description of Components Turbine Journal Bearing

Function (1) each form the outer boundary of an annular space in

which oil emerging at the two sides of the bearing is
The journal bearing supports the shaft in the bearing collected and drained off. Thermocouples (7) monitor
casing at the turbine end. babbitt metal temperature at those locations subjected to
the greatest thermal loading. The bearing shell support
Construction and Functional Principle sleeve (11) containing the journal bearing (2) is supported
vertically by two trunnions (10) which accommodate
The journal bearing (2) is a tilting-pad journal bearing. pendular motion. This permits maintenance of a uniform
Individual tilting-pad segments (3) are lined with babbitt bearing clearance between the babbitt metal and the shaft
metal (4) and offer optimum operating behavior thanks to journal.
their spherical seats. Lube oil is supplied to the injection
Adjustable wedges (9) and (12) are used for alignment
nozzles via a ring duct. Jacking oil (6) is injected at high
in the vertical and horizontal directions. This bearing can
pressure through the bottom two tilting-pad segments to
be removed axially in the downstream direction. For this
ensure that complete lubrication is maintained at low
reason it is not split.
speeds. This reduces wear on the babbitt contact surface
and facilitates shaft rotation. Splash guards and seal rings
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document
or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,
including rights created by patent grant or registration of
a utility model or design, are reserved

1 Seal ring 4 Babbitt metal

2 Journal bearing 6 Jacking oil bores
Class: RESTRICTED

3 Tilting-pad segment 7 Thermocouple

Fig. 1: Journal Bearing, Details (Position of Sections see Fig.2)

Siemens AG 3.1-0570-8000/1
Power Generation MBD 0604E-X
 Gas Turbine Compressor and Turbine
Description of Components Turbine Journal Bearing
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document
or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,
including rights created by patent grant or registration of
a utility model or design, are reserved

2 Journal bearing
8 Centering key
9 Adjustable wedges (vertical direction)
10 Trunnion
11 Bearing cage
Class: RESTRICTED

12 Adjustable wedges (horizontal direction)

Fig. 2: Journal Bearing

Siemens AG 3.1-0570-8000/2
Power Generation MBD 0604E-X
 I P o w e r G e n e r a tio n

A x ia l b e a r in g p a d s

T iltin g s e g m e n ts o f tu r b in e ( jo u r n a l) b e a r in g

C o m p o n e n ts o f B e a r in g s
 Gas Turbine
Description of Auxiliary Systems
Refer also to:
List of Control Settings (SREL) 3.1-0210
List of Measuring Instruments 3.1-0220
List of Electrical Loads 3.1-0230
Equipment List 3.1-0240
P+I Diagram, Gas Turbine 3.1-1010
Settings, limits, and measuring ranges of the devices
referred to here are given in the List of Measuring
Instruments, Equipment List, and List of Control Settings
(SREL). This description only gives guideline values.
Preliminary Remarks
Gas turbine instrumentation, valves, and equipment
units, with the exception of such items associated with
other auxiliary systems, are indicated in the P+ID referred
to above. The auxiliary system instruments are depicted in
the respective P+I diagrams. Settings of the switching-type
rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model
content is not permitted without express written authority.
Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its
measuring instruments are given in the List of Measuring
Instruments. Limits for analog measurands are given in the
“List of Control Settings for Closed- and Open-loop Control
Equipment (SREL)”.
Speed Measurement
The speed of the turbine-generator is measured by the
or design, are reserved.
six speed pickups MBA10CS101 to MBA10CS106. Slots
are machined in the intermediate shaft near the
compressor bearing. The magnetic field sensors located
around the circumference of this region generate a pulse
each time the land between two adjacent slots passes by.
As the shaft rotates, each magnetic field sensor generates
an output signal with a frequency equal to the product of
the number of slots and the shaft speed.
The output signals undergo further processing in two
redundant speed monitoring systems, each comprising
three channels. Both speed monitoring systems forward
their output signals to the overspeed protection system.
Every channel of each speed monitoring system is set to
the limit S.TURB.72. If at least two channels of one or both
speed monitoring systems indicate that this limit has been
violated, speed is impermissibly high, the gas turbine trips
and is shut down.
The GT controller and speed indicator only receive
signals from that speed monitoring system which receives
its signals from magnetic field sensors MBA10CS101,
MBA10CS102, and MBA10CS103.
Class: RESTRICTED
Casing Vibration Measurement
Casing vibrations are measured near the turbine
bearing using vibration pickups MBD11CY101 and
Siemens AG
Power Generation MBA/MBD
Compressor and Turbine/GT Bearings
Gas Turbine Instrumentation
MBD11CY102 and near the compressor bearing with
MBD12CY101 and MBD12CY102. Each transmitter signal
is used by a processor module to calculate the effective
vibration velocity; the output signal current then undergoes
further processing in the I&C system. Because two
equivalent channels are used to measure casing vibration,
these channels are designated Channel 1 and Channel 2
for additional logic links. If at least one of the two channels
indicates that the limit Y.LAGER.M is exceeded, the alarm
“BEARING VIBRATION WARNING” is annunciated. If any
channel indicates violation of the higher limit Y.LAGER.S,
the gas turbine trips and is shut down.
Shaft Vibration Measurement
Shaft vibration measurement data are used to depict
vibration behavior on a display. Shaft vibration is measured
near the turbine bearing by vibration pickups
MBD11CY111 and MBD11CY112 and near the
compressor bearing by vibration pickups MBD12CY111
and MBD12CY112. In each case, two pickups are mounted
90 degrees apart at the same axial position along the
turbine shaft. This arrangement permits the transducers to
measure the vibration vector as a function of time. The
signal output by shaft vibration instrumentation can be
displayed on a monitor and recorded.
Keyphasor MBA10CY101 makes it possible to
reference the vibration vector to the rotational angle of the
turbine shaft. The Keyphasor is a pickup, analogous to the
speed transmitters, which generates one pulse per
revolution of the shaft, namely at that instant when a slot
machined in the turbine shaft passes by.
Bearing Temperature Measurement
The compressor end of the GT shaft is equipped with a
journal bearing and thrust bearings for both directions. A
journal bearing supports the turbine end of the rotor.
An insufficient supply of lube oil, overloading, excessive
oil temperatures, or foreign matter can damage these
bearings. Bearing metal temperature is measured to permit
prompt detection of impending damage. Impending
damage to bearings is generally indicated by elevated
bearing temperature.
Radially-opposed segments of the thrust bearing are
equipped with dual-element thermocouples, four on the
end facing the compressor and four on the end facing the
generator. Three of the four thermocouples comprising the
dual-element thermocouples MBD12CT102A/B and
MBD12CT103A/B on the generator end of the bearing and
three of the four thermocouples comprising thermocouples
MBD12CT104A/B and MBD12CT105A/B on the
compressor end are used to measure thrust bearing
3.1-1000-0592/1
0905E-X
 Gas Turbine
Description of Auxiliary Systems
temperature. In both cases, the fourth serves as a reserve.
The A elements of dual-element thermocouples MBD12-
CT112A/B, MBD12CT113A/B, MBD12CT114A/B, and
MBD12CT115A/B is used for display purposes, the B
elements are used as backups.
Triple-element thermocouples are installed at each of
the journal bearings. Two triple-element thermocouples
(MBD12CT101A/B/C and MBD12CT106A/B/C) are located
at the compressor bearing. A tilting-pad journal bearing is
provided at the turbine end, one triple-element
thermocouple (MBD11CT101A/B/C and
MBD11CT102A/B/C) is provided per bearing pedestal.
The alarm “BEARING TEMPERATURE HIGH” is
annunciated if two-of-three logic indicates that the limit
T.LAGER.M is exceeded at the compressor bearing. In the
case of the turbine bearing, this pretrip alarm is not
annunciated until the limit T.LAGER.M01 has been
exceeded, because these bearings are exposed to the hot
flow of exhaust.
rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model
content is not permitted without express written authority.
Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its
If the temperature of the compressor or turbine bearing
exceeds a still higher limit T.LAGER.S, the GT trips and is
shut down.
Pressure and Differential Pressure
upstream of the Compressor
Pressure upstream of the compressor is displayed by
or design, are reserved.
pressure transducer MBA11CP101. In addition to the
electrical measuring element, this device also has an
optical display for direct readout. The signal from this
pressure transducer is also used to compute the
compressor pressure ratio. The ratio of compressor outlet
pressure to compressor inlet pressure is forwarded to the
compressor pressure ratio limit controller. This controller
prevents an excessively high compressor pressure ratio
and thus prevents compressor surging.
The pressure drop between the intake duct and the
compressor inlet (immediately upstream of the variable-
pitch inlet guide vanes) is measured by pressure switches
MBA11CP001, MBA11CP002, and MBA11CP003. These
differential pressure switches are arranged in parallel and
trigger gas turbine trip if 2-of-3 logic indicates that the
differential pressure has dropped below a defined value
when turbine speed is above S.TURB.15; this is the case
when the compressor surges.
Compressor Inlet Temperature
Three dual-element resistance thermometers
Class: RESTRICTED
(MBA11CT101 to MBA11CT103) are used to measure the
temperature of the air flow at the compressor inlet. One
temperature signal from each dual-element resistance
Siemens AG
Power Generation MBA/MBD
Compressor and Turbine/GT Bearings
Gas Turbine Instrumentation
thermometer is used to calculate the average compressor
inlet temperature. Those signals from the dual-element
resistance thermometers not normally used for calculation
purposes serve as backups.
The average compressor inlet temperature is used to
calculate the corrected turbine outlet temperature (ϑOTC).
Calculation and use of the corrected turbine outlet
temperature is described in the following subsection
“Turbine Outlet Temperature”.
Compressor Outlet Temperature and
Pressure
Pressure transducers MBA12CP101 and MBA12CP102
and dual-element thermocouples MBA12CT101A/B and
MBA12CT102A/B measure the compressor outlet pressure
and temperature. These readings are displayed on the
turbine-generator control console (local control console)
and recorded.
The compressor outlet pressure is used in numerous
ways (e.g., calculation of the relative combustion chamber
pressure, by the combustion chamber pressure ratio limit
controller, calculation of fuel oil mass flow, and for
controlling the jet pumps). These calculations and their
functions are described in the Sections pertaining to the
respective systems.
Turbine Outlet Temperature
Exhaust temperature is measured immediately
downstream of the turbine using 24 triple-element
thermocouples (MBA26CT101A/B/C to
MBA26CT124A/B/C) distributed around the circumference
of the exhaust diffuser.
One temperature signal from every fourth of these 24
temperature measuring points (MBA26CT101A,
MBA26CT105A, MBA26CT109A, MBA26CT113A,
MBA26CT117A, MBA26CT121A) is hard-wired directly to
the GT controller. An average is calculated from these six
signals and used as the control variable for exhaust
temperature control functions.
All B and C signals from the 24 triple-element
thermocouples are used for calculation of the mean turbine
outlet temperature. The corrected turbine outlet
temperature is calculated from the mean turbine outlet
temperature by applying the factor turbine speed “n” and
the mean compressor inlet temperature. The corrected
turbine outlet temperature and the mean compressor inlet
temperature are likewise forwarded to the GT temperature
controller.
In its capacity as a limit controller, the temperature
controller ensures that defined maximum temperatures for
3.1-1000-0592/2
0905E-X
I P o w e r G e n e r a tio n

M B D 1 1 C T 1 0 1 A
M B D 1 1 C T 1 0 1 B a t a n y g ro u p o f s e n s o rs :
M B D 1 1 C T 1 0 1 C E m q u a lq u e r g r u p o d e s e n s o r e s

M B D 1 1 C T 1 0 2 A
M B D 1 1 C T 1 0 2 B
M B D 1 1 C T 1 0 2 C S e n s o r fa u lt
1
o f
3 W a r n in g
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 1 A
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 1 B
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 1 C S e n s o r fa u lt
3
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 2 A o f
3 G T S h u t d o w n
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 2 B

M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 3 A T .L A G E R .M
2
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 3 B s p a re (a t T u rb .: T .L A G E R .M 0 1 )
o f
3 W a r n in g
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 4 A
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 4 B
T .L A G E R .S
2
o f
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 5 A
3 G T T r ip
M B D 1 2 C T 1 0 5 B s p a re

B e a r in g M e ta l T e m p e r a tu r e M e a s u r in g & P r o te c tio n ( V x 4 .3 A )
I P o w e r G e n e r a tio n

M B D 1 1 C Y 0 1 1
S h a ft V ib r a tio n
M B D 1 1 C Y 0 1 2

M B D 1 1 C Y 0 0 1
M B D 1 1 C Y 0 0 2
C a s in g V ib r a tio n
C h a n n e l N o 1 Y .L A G E R .S
&
C a s in g V ib r a tio n
C h a n n e l N o 2 Y .L A G E R .S

G T T r ip
1

M B D 1 2 C Y 0 0 1
M B D 1 2 C Y 0 0 2
C a s in g V ib r a tio n Y .L A G E R .S
C h a n n e l N o 1
&
C a s in g V ib r a tio n Y .L A G E R .S
C h a n n e l N o 2

M B D 1 2 C Y 0 1 1
S h a ft V ib r a tio n
M B D 1 2 C Y 0 1 2

C a lib r a tio n /C h e c k

M B A 1 0 C Y 0 0 1
R e g is tr a tio n o f
K e y P h a s o r
P o la r P lo ts

V ib r a tio n M o n ito r in g / P r o te c tio n

 I P o w e r G e n e r a tio n

C u r s o r v a lu e s

R e s o n a n c e
a t c o m p r.
S ta rt u p c a s in g ,
1 8 0 °
h o r iz o n ta l
1 s t b e n d in g c r itic a l S h u t d o w n
o f g e n e ra to r

P h a s e a n g le : z e r o & s c a le a r b itr a r y
G e n e r a to r b e a r in g , e x c ite r e n d , v e r tic a l G T c o m p r e s s o r b e a r in g , h o r iz o n ta l
2 n d b e n d in g c r itic a l
o f g e n e ra to r

1 s t b e n d in g c r itic a l
1 8 0 ° o f G T ro to r

S tru c tu ra l 1 s t b e n d in g c r itic a l
re s o n a n c e o f in te r m e d ia te s h a ft

G e n e r a to r b e a r in g , tu r b in e e n d , v e r tic a l G T tu r b in e b e a r in g , v e r tic a l

E x a m p le s fo r v ib r a tio n d ia g n o s tic : B o d e - d ia g r a m s
I P o w e r G e n e r a tio n

S h a ft ru p tu re : s y m p to m s

- h ig h e r a m p litu d e a t s in g le fr e q u e n c y
- h ig h e r a m p litu d e a t c r itic a l s p e e d
- c r itic a l s p e e d re d u c e d
- s h a ft ru p tu re c a u s e s v ib r a tio n a t d o u b le fr e q u e n c y ;
i. e . r e s o n a n c e a t h a lf o f c r itic a l s p e e d

S h a ft r u p tu r e : h o w to r e a liz e ?

- P lo t a m p litu d e a n d p h a s e a n g le o f
v ib r a tio n v e c to r s a t s im p le a n d
d o u b le fr e q u e n c y
- C o m p a r e o ld a n d n e w d a ta

a c c e p te d
0

+ + + +
+ +

2 7 0 9 0

r o ta tio n
1 8 0

W a te r fa ll - d ia g r a m P o la r p lo t

E x a m p le s fo r v ib r a tio n d ia g n o s tic : w a te r fa ll d ia g r a m s & p o la r p lo ts

 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

GT81 BRG VIB/T PROT

81MBD10EJ206 CALC TURB OUT TEMP ACTIVE POWER TURBINE SPEED
A A
F A
W 999
T S
???? F A
W 999
T S
???? F W
T
A 99.99 S
????

S MKD12CY901 S MKD11CY901 S MYB01EZ132 S MYB01EZ131

F W
T
A
CY021 999.9 S
???? F W
T
A
CY021 999.9 S
???? F W
T
A
CY101 999.9 S
???? F W
T
A
CY101 999.9 S
????
ABS BEARING
VIBRATION
F W
T
A
CY022 999.9 S
???? F W
T
A
CY022 999.9 S
???? F W
T
A
CY102 999.9 S
???? F W
T
A
CY102 999.9 S
????

B B

F WT 999
A
CY041 S
???? F W
T 999
A
CY041 S
???? REL SHAFT F W
T 999
A
CY940 ???????? S F W
T 999
A
CY940 ???????? S
VIBRATION
Offenders reliable to the payment of damages. All rights are reserved in the event

F WT 999
A S F W
T 999
A
CY042 S
????
Copying of this document and giving it to others and the use or communication

CY042 ????
of the contents there for are forbidden without express written authority.

F WT 999
A F W
T 999
A SHAFT F W
T 999
A F WT 999
A
???????? S ???????? S ???????? S ???????? S
of the grant of a Patent or the registration of a utility model or design.

CY041E CY041E ECCENTRICITY CY111E CY111E

C MKD12 MKD11 MBD12 MBD11 C

G
MKD12 MKD11 MBD12 MBD11
BEARING TEMPERATURE

S MKD12EZ110 S MKD11EZ110 S MYB01EZ112 S MYB01EZ115 S MYB01EZ111 S MYB01EZ120

F WT 999
A
CT014A F WT 999
A
S CT015A
???? S
???? F WT 999
A
CT014A F WT 999
A
S CT015A
???? S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT101A S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT106A S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT101A S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT102A S
????
D D
F WT 999
A
CT014B F WT 999
A
S CT015B
???? S
???? F WT 999
A
CT014B F WT 999
A
S CT015B
???? S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT101B S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT106B S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT101B S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT102B S
????

F WT 999
A
CT014C F WT 999
A
S CT015C
???? S
???? F WT 999
A
CT014C F WT 999
A
S CT015C
???? S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT101C S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT106C S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT101C S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT102C S
????

GT GEN BEARING EE GT GEN BEARING TE

TEMP TEMP S MYB01EZ113 S MYB01EZ114

E GT TURB VIB/TEMP E
F W
T 999
A
CT102A S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT104A S
????
VIB VIB

F W
T 999
A
CT112A F W
T 999
A
S CT102B
???? S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT104B ???? F W
T 999
A
S CT114A S
????

GT TEMP
TURB OUTLET F W
T 999
A
CT113A F W
T 999
A
S CT103A
???? S
???? F W
T 999
A
CT105A ???? F W
T 999
A
S CT115A S
????
A W T F O
Dep.:
PG L491 *
F F
R1 Upd.Vers. 27.06.06 Wbg Date 2006-03-03 FGC FC G1 YOA = 81MBD10EJ206
. . Drawn Wendenburg
JEBEL ALI POWER AND DESAL. SIEMENS AG +
GT81 BRG VIB/T PROT
. . Check Boettger STATION L PHASE II VAE 267 page 1
Index Modification Date Name Norm. OM650 Picture Design 1 sh.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 Gas Turbine
Description of Auxiliary Systems
Refer also to:
List of Control Settings (SREL) 3.1-0210
List of Measuring Instruments 3.1-0220
List of Electrical Loads 3.1-0230
Equipment List 3.1-0240
Gas Turbine Instrumentation 3.1-1000
P+I Diagram, Gas Turbine 3.1-1010
P+I Diagram, Hydraulic Clearance Optimization 3.1-1510
Lube and Jacking Oil 3.1-8000
P+I Diagram, Lube and Jacking Oil 3.1-8010
Settings, limits, and measuring ranges of the devices
referred to here are given in the List of Measuring
Instruments, Equipment List, and List of Control Settings
(SREL). This description only gives guideline values.
Function
An efficiency improvement and output increase can be
achieved if the GT rotor is shifted against the direction of
content is not permitted without express written authority.
rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model
Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its
flow. This reduces clearances between the turbine blades
and casing, in the compressor the corresponding
clearances are increased. By virtue of the gas turbine’s
mechanical design the losses in the compressor caused by
this are lower than the improvements in the turbine.
This shifting operation may only be performed when the
GT has thoroughly warmed up. To achieve this, the design
of thrust bearing permits axial displacement when a
or design, are reserved.
hydraulic system supplies fluid to corresponding cylinders;
axial stops limit rotor displacement in the primary
displacement direction and in the secondary displacement
direction.
The operating pressure of max. 180bar is generated by
a separate hydraulic supply system. Axial displacement
must be performed slowly to prevent excessive mechanical
loadings on the structural elements of the bearing. Defined
displacement times can only be achieved when the
hydraulic system is vented, for this reason the system must
be completely filled with hydraulic fluid (lube oil⎯the thrust
bearing for each displacement direction is provided with a
supply and a return line. To keep pump loadings at low
levels and prevent rapid fouling of the filter, the return line
is shut off so that oil cannot continuously circulate in the
hydraulic clearance optimization (HCO) system.
Provision is made for regular replacement (flushing) of
hydraulic fluid in the activated displacement direction
during GT operation, among other things to prevent
excessive heating of the fluid. This also displaces any
trapped air bubbles or wear debris caused by abrasion of
the HCO piston seals. Furthermore, the flushing operation
Class: RESTRICTED
constitutes a function test of the bladder accumulator and
instrumentation.
Siemens AG
Power Generation MBA/MBD
Compressor and Turbine/GT Bearings
Hydraulic Clearance Optimization (HCO)
Configuration
The HCO supply unit comprises a base frame on which
two 100 % pumps, a hydraulic bladder accumulator, and
the HCO control block and associated instrumentation are
mounted. The operating medium is lube oil taken from the
supply line of the lube oil system. The supply line pressure
can be read off pressure gauge MBA51CP504. Lube oil is
returned from this hydraulic system to the lube oil tank.
To achieve the requisite operating pressure, which is
adjusted with the pressure control valve MBA53AA151 on
the order of 160 to 180bar, two gear pumps
(MBA51AP001/002) are provided that are driven by DC
motors; these pumps are protected by a safety valve
(MBA51AA191). Check valves MBA51AA205 and
MBA51AA206 are located upstream of the pumps to
prevent reverse flow through these pumps. The pump
boost achieved by the pump in operation at a given time
can be measured using pressure transducer MBA51CP103
or MBA51CP104 and checked locally at pressure gauges
MBA51CP502 or MBA51CP503. Other than during the
pump test which is performed once when the HCO system
is started up, only one pump is intermittently in operation to
charge the bladder accumulator MBA51BB001. A given
pump can be selected via the I&C system. Changeover to
the other pump is made in the event of a fault to the pump
that is selected. Each of these pumps is capable of
maintaining the operating pressure in the event of a loss of
accumulator function or failure of the HCO piston chamber
return line shutoff element.
To perform the principal task of permanently supplying
oil to the primary and secondary piston chambers of the
HCO thrust bearing, a bladder accumulator with
corresponding accumulator safety block MBA51AA193 is
provided on the HCO supply station. This accumulator is
charged by the above-mentioned pumps and can be
isolated from the system using shutoff valve MBA51AA255
and relieved via drain valve MBA51AA257.
A manually-actuated shutoff valve (MBA51AA251 and
MBA51AA252, respectively) is provided upstream of each
pump to permit inspection and maintenance work. Each of
these valves is equipped with a position limit switch for
monitoring the OPEN valve setting. These pumps shall
only be started up when the corresponding valve is open.
To protect the flow control valves, oil is cleaned by filter
MBA51AT001 located upstream of the pumps. The check
valve MBA51AA201 protects the filter against back-flow.
Filter fouling is monitored by differential pressure switch
MBA51CP003. A pretrip alarm is annunciated if response
of this switch persists for longer than 5 seconds. Oil
temperature is measured upstream of the filter by
resistance thermometer MBA51CT101 and indicated
locally by thermometer MBA51CT501.
3.1-1500-0592/1
1105E-X
 Gas Turbine
Description of Auxiliary Systems
2/2-way solenoid-type seat valves (MBA53AA001 to
MBA53AA006) are provided in the supply and return lines
of the primary and secondary displacement directions to
enable pressurizing and relieving of the primary and
secondary displacement direction pistons. The following
flow control valves are installed to ensure that the
permissible axial shaft displacement times are achieved:
MBA53AA152 and MBA53AA153 downstream of the
solenoid valves in the supply line to the respective HCO
piston chamber and MBA54AA154 and MBA54AA155
upstream of the solenoid valves in the return lines. Both the
solenoid valves and the control valves are located in a
single overall control block mounted on the supply station.
Pressure limiting valves MBA54AA151 and MBA54AA152
are provided to guard against impermissible pressure
increases in the piston chambers of the HCO bearing; in
the event of a fault these valves route oil directly into the
lube oil tank.
The overall control block also includes the pressure
content is not permitted without express written authority.
rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model
Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its
limiting valve (MBA53AA154) and the associated shutoff
valve (MBA53AA251), which are used during initial filling of
the system.
Pressure transducers MBA51CP101 und MBA51CP102
are used to register HCO system pressure in the common
or design, are reserved.
1 Sub-distribution board
2 Pressure gauge
3. Base frame
4 HCO control block
5 Bladder accumulator
Class: RESTRICTED
Fig. 1 + 2: HCO Supply Unit
Siemens AG
Power Generation MBA/MBD
Compressor and Turbine/GT Bearings
Hydraulic Clearance Optimization (HCO)
line upstream of the solenoid valves. In the interest of
availability, these are redundant. Pressure gauge
MBA51CP501 is provided for checking system pressure
locally.
Pressure transducers MBA53CP101/102 are located in
the return line from the primary displacement piston
chamber and MBA53CP103/104 in the return line from the
secondary displacement piston chamber. These pressure
sensors can be used to monitor pressure in the respective
piston chambers. In the interest of availability, these
pressure sensors are redundant.
A sight glass (MBA51CF501) is installed in the common
return line of the HCO supply station that leads to the tank.
Position Transducers
Two analog position sensors (MBA10CG101/102) are
installed on the compressor bearing cover. These
transducers permit detection of the (axial) rotor shaft
position and measurement of the displacement of the shaft
caused by the HCO system. In the interest of availability,
redundant transducers are provided. These position
transducers are not depicted in the P+ID of the hydraulic
clearance optimization system supply station.
6 Pressure transducer
7 Motor and pump
3.1-1500-0592/2
1105E-X
 I P o w e r G e n e r a tio n

H C O
H P lu b e o il s u p p ly & c o n tr o l

p r e s s u r e s u p p ly re tu rn

N o c le a r a n c e a t m a in th r e a d C le a r a n c e a t a u x ilia r y th r e a d
( m a in th r e a d o n ly a c tiv e d u r in g n o r m a l o p e r a tio n
if G T r o to r is w a r m e n o u g h , e .g . 1 h r a fte r s ta r t)

H y d r a u lic C le a r a n c e O p tim iz a tio n ( H C O )

P o s itio n d u r in g s ta r t u p : a u x ilia r y th r e a d a c tiv e
 I P o w e r G e n e r a tio n

H y d r a u lic r o to r s h ift b y p is to n s
b e h in d th e c o m p r e s s o r a x ia l b e a r in g

In c r e a s e d p o w e r a n d e ffic ie n c y

H y d r a u lic C le a r a n c e O p tim iz a tio n ( H C O )

 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

GT81 HYDR CLNG OPTIM

81MBA10EJ304 CALC TURB OUT TEMP ACTIVE POWER TURBINE SPEED
A A
F A
W 999
T S
???? F A
W 999
T S
???? F W
T
A 99.99 S
????

SHAFT POSITION
F W
T
A 99.99 S
????

SGC HCO
B
F 999
G B

O
Offenders reliable to the payment of damages. All rights are reserved in the event
Copying of this document and giving it to others and the use or communication

HCO PRESSURE
PRESS MAIN RELIEVE PRESS REVERSE
of the contents there for are forbidden without express written authority.

THREAD ACTIVE THREAD

2
of the grant of a Patent or the registration of a utility model or design.

REVERSE MAIN
F A
W 999
T S
???? S F A
W 999
T S
????
S S
RESET
C C

O HCO SYSTEM
MAIN THREAD FLUSHING PRESSURE
S F
REQUIRED
N2
REVERSE THREAD FLUSHING
S REQUIRED O O O O O
D F F F F F D

F A
W 999
T S
????

> MAX S
E SLC HCO PUMPS E
GT LUBE/LIFT
OIL SYSTEM
O O
F F PRESELECTION
PUMP 1 2 PUMP 2

Dep.:
PG L491 *
F F
R1 Upd.Vers. 27.06.06 Wbg Date 2006-03-03 FGC FC G1 YOA = 81MBA10EJ304
. . Drawn Wendenburg
JEBEL ALI POWER AND DESAL. SIEMENS AG +
GT81 HYDR CLNG OPTIM
. . Check Boettger STATION L PHASE II VAE 267 page 1
Index Modification Date Name Norm. OM650 Picture Design 1 sh.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8