Table of Contents Index 

Duiven

Global Headquarters
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1-800-SEALING
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Latin America
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Middle East & Africa Mechanical Seal Service Centers

Dubai, United Arab Emirates Turbomachinary Gas Seal Service Centers
Tel: 971-481-27800
Fax: 971-488-62830 Engineered Bearings Service Centers

Asia Pacific Power Transmission Couplings

Singapore Seal Support Systems Service Centers
Tel: 65-6518-1800
Fax: 65-6518-1803 Filtration Systems

 Table of Contents Index 

John Crane Global Product Guide
Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Sealing Technology
The Primary Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Secondary Seal Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
The Seal Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Seal Flush Flow Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Seal Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Seal Selection Process
A Step-by-Step Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Worked Example
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Stages 1 and 2 - Arrangement and Material Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Stage 3 - Seal Type Performance Evaluation from Product Specification Sheets . . . 13
Stage 4 - Seal Type Dimensional Data from Product Specification Sheets . . . . . . . . . 14
Key to Seal Selection by Fluid
Fluid Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Seal Family and Installation Arrangements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Flush and Throat Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Quenches/Secondary Containment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
General Temperature Limits for Elastomers and Face Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Pump Seal Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-49
Selection Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
API Piping Plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51-52
Dual and Multiple Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
John Crane Seal Identification Coding (BRICI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54-56
Sealol® Metal Bellows Seals Mechanical Seal Coding System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
General Material Recommendations: DSK 7075 & DSK 7076 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
General Material Recommendations: DSK 7077 & DSK 7078 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
General Material Recommendations: DSK 7079. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Published by John Crane, 6400 West Oakton Street, Morton Grove, IL 60053 U.S.A.
The information in this manual is for general reference only. Please contact your John Crane Regional Sales Representative to determine the most appropriate materials for your specific application.
This work may not be copied, reproduced, or translated in whole or in part without written permission of the John Crane Marketing Department. Use with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software,
or by similar or dissimilar methods now known or developed in the future is also strictly forbidden without written permission of the John Crane Marketing Department.
©2014 John Crane This work may not be copied, reproduced, or translated in whole or in part.
 Table of Contents
Sealing Application Guidelines
Toxic/Hazardous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61-69
Commercial and Refrigeration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Chemical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Hydrocarbons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72-79
API 682 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80-81
Secondary Containment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82-83
High Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84-86
Abrasives/Slurries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87-90
Mixer, Agitator, and Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91-94
Gases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95-96
Seal Family Product Pages
Seal Family A - Elastomer Bellows Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97-107
Seal Family B - O-ring Pusher Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108-146
Seal Family C - PTFE Wedge Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147-149
Seal Family D - Metal Bellows Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150-163
Seal Family E - PTFE Bellows Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164-166
Seal Family F - Vessel & Agitator Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167-178
Seal Family G - Turbomachinery Seals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179-184
Seal Family H - Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185-186
Mating Rings/Seats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187-188
Seal Support Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189-202
Packing and PTFE Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Power Transmission Couplings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
INTERFACE Reliability Management Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Engineered Bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206-207
Filtration Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208-211
Useful Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212-213
Useful Conversions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214-218
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Index 1 
 Seal selection is a critical step in ensuring process plant
reliability. This Product Guide reflects John Crane’s position
as a leading expert and supplier of sealing technologies and
associated products to energy sector customers, and to other
major process industries. It details John Crane’s unrivalled
global experience and is designed to simplify the process of
selecting the most appropriate engineered sealing solution
for your specific application.
The Guide also explains basic sealing principles, gives
detailed application and equipment-specific guidelines, and
provides reference information on the full range of John
Crane products including mechanical seals, seal support
systems, power transmission couplings, engineered bearings
and filtration systems.
Our products and services
are the result of the industry’s finest
research, development and training
programs. They allow us to
provide sealing excellence, right
around the globe.
 Table of Contents
Customer Choice
As many applications can have numerous potential solutions, the Guide enables you to choose a
solution according to your specific engineering and plant requirements. For example, several seal
families and construction materials are suggested for each of the 700 fluids listed in the Seal
Selection by Fluid section. Similarly, the Seal Family Product pages enable you to short-list
appropriate seal types before considering such attributes as their dimensional requirements.
Application Guidelines
The majority of applications can be categorized according to their primary fluid properties and/or
the associated equipment. For this reason we have identified primary application groups (i.e.,
hydrocarbons, aqueous solutions, abrasives/slurries, toxic/hazardous, mixers and agitators, extreme
temperatures, API 682, gases, chemical, and secondary containment) and provided the technical
information necessary to evaluate each seal type accordingly. The guidelines explain the sealing of
specific fluids, plus the features and limitations of different seal designs, and give recommendations
for seal arrangement and support systems. In many cases, more than one application category
may apply.
Engineered Solutions
This Guide supports John Crane’s philosophy of creating the most appropriate and comprehensive
solution (including seal selection, installation and support system) which will ensure safety,
reliability, long seal life, and cost-effective performance. If your particular application is not
detailed here, please contact your local John Crane Sales Engineer or John Crane office for
assistance.
John Crane Global Service
Providing the right sealing solution is only part of John Crane’s commitment to improving plant
reliability. User training, technical advice and seal refurbishment are equally important. With
more than 7,000 employees plus 240 sales and service locations worldwide, John Crane is ideally
placed to provide these services locally to you — no matter what your location.
Product Innovation
John Crane’s ability to set the standard in advanced sealing technology has been proven by such
products as our dry-running, non-contacting gas seals. These have revolutionized compressor gas
containment reliability for pipelines, refineries, offshore platforms and petrochemical operations.
John Crane was the first company to extend this patented technology to pumps and mixers, and
today it leads the industry in providing zero-emission solutions which meet increasingly stringent
emission regulations.
Index 2 
EndtoEnd Solutions ™

For Pumps and Turbomachinery

Advanced Hydrodynamic Bearings and Turbomachinary Gas Seals Gas Seal Support Systems Mechanical Seal Support Systems
Labyrinth Seals Utilizing patented technology, these These systems maximize seal Provide a safe, controlled environment
Hydrodynamic bearings for high-speed rotating seals are non-contacting in operation performance and plant uptime, for mechanical seals.
machinery such as turbines, generators, and serve as an industry standard. extend mean time between ■
General Industry Systems
compressors and gear drives. planned maintenance and improve
■
Type 28AT Advanced Technology ■
Process Industry Systems
emissions control.
■
Tilting Pad Journal and Thrust Bearings ■
Type 28XP High Pressure ■
Air and Water Type Heat Exchangers
■
Metallic and Thermoplastic Labyrinth ■
Type 28EXP Extreme High Pressure ■
Gas Seal Support Systems
Seal Solutions ■
Type 28ST Steam Turbine ■
Seal Gas Conditioning Units
■
Multilobe Journal Bearings ■
Type 28VL Vaporizing Liquids ■
Fuel Gas Conditioning Units
■
Taperland Thrust Bearings
■
Combined Bearings
■
Pedestal Bearings

Filtration Systems Separation Seals Power Transmission Couplings Mechanical Seals/Packing

Filtration units to meet the most Advanced materials and designs, The first choice of many of the world’s leading The most complete selection of engineered
demanding design conditions. ensure minimal wear and companies for more than 60 years. seals and systems available.
promote long life.
■
Seal Gas Filtration ■
T Series Dry Disc Couplings for Oil & Gas Industries ■
General Duty Mechanical Seals
■
Fuel Oil Filtration ■
Type 83 Contacting Technology ■
M Series Couplings for the Ultimate in Plant Safety ■
High Temperature Metal Bellows Seals
■
Liquid Filtration ■
Type 93FR Non-Contacting ■
H Series High-Performance Couplings ■
Split Seals
■
Fuel Gas Filtration Technology ■
Pump Gas Seals
■
Transfer Valves ■
Braided Packing

 Table of Contents Index 3 

Sealing Technology
The Primary Seal
Sealing a rotating shaft on pumps,
compressors, mixing vessels and
similar equipment, at its entry to the
casing, is most effectively achieved
by means of a mechanical seal. This
device has two very flat radial surfaces,
one rotating with the shaft and the
other connected to the casing, axially
pressed together by a spring and
hydraulic forces. The mating surfaces
create the primary seal.
The primary ring is usually made out of
carbon and the mating ring is made of
a harder material, typically tungsten or
silicon carbide. Both faces are lapped
to a precise flatness measured in light
bands (a light band is equal to 11.6
millionths of an inch). The material
and design of these faces are often
the critical elements in the successful
sealing of difficult duty services.
Primary Seal
To ensure minimal wear and long life, the rubbing surfaces of the primary seal
are designed to be lubricated by sealed fluid. Control of this lubrication regime is
achieved by equating axial loads with the reaction of the forces from the lubricating
fluid film.
 Table of Contents
The basic function of the mating ring
is to provide a smooth, flat surface for
the primary ring to seal against. To
maintain its surface integrity, it must
incorporate the following features;
corrosion and wear resistance, good
thermal conductivity, mechanical
stability, and excellent surface
finish quality.
To allow for alignment tolerances,
shaft movement and slight wear of
the rubbing surfaces, the component
rotating with the shaft must be not only
flexibly connected to it, but it must also
ensure no leakage of fluid at this joint.
This flexible connection is the dynamic
secondary seal.
Additional static secondary seals
include the mating ring seal, gland seal,
and, on cartridge seals, the sleeve seal.
Controlling the Effect of the Hydraulic Force
The factors that determine the film
reaction are difficult to change, whereas
the effect of the hydraulic force can be
controlled by seal shape design. The
hydraulic force is the net axial surface
area above the hydraulic sealing line.
The ratio of the effective or net hydraulic
surface area to the lubricating surface
area is referred to as the seal balance,
and is the designer’s tool for controlling
the net effect of the hydraulic force on the lubricating film, or otherwise referred to
as the seal closing force. The closing force acts to push the seal faces together. The
balance ratio is simply the ratio of the closing area to the opening area.
Balanced vs. Unbalanced Seals
By design, seals are classified as either balanced or unbalanced. The Figure A seal
shown below is unbalanced, having a balance ratio of greater than 100% because it
has an area of closing greater than the area opening. With a design change to the
primary ring shape, the area of closing can be reduced. The balanced seal shown
below, Figure B, has an area closing less than the area of opening, therefore a
balance ratio of less than 100%. The benefit achieved using a balanced seal is that
as the area of closing is reduced, the closing force is reduced proportionally. A
general rule of thumb is to use a balanced seal for applications over 200 psi(g)/
13.8 bar(g). However, each application must be reviewed on an individual basis
because the seal faces are affected not only by pressure, but also by rotational
speed, temperature, and the properties of the liquid being sealed.
Unbalanced Seal
Figure A Seal Balance = Ah and is >1
Af
Seal is unbalanced because a high
proportion of the hydraulic load is
applied to the fluid film.
Balanced Seal
Seal Balance = Ah and is <1
Af
Figure B Seal is balanced because a lower
proportion of the hydraulic load is
applied to the fluid film.
Index 4 
Sealing Technology
Secondary Seal Design

Secondary Seal Classification Pusher Seals

All mechanical seals contain both rotating and stationary elements. Various design
options are necessary in order to provide an effective sealing solution for each unique
set of application conditions. The broadest mechanical seal design classification
is “pusher” vs. “non-pusher.” The secondary sealing element used in the seal
establishes if a seal is a pusher or a non-pusher. This distinction is highly important
to selecting the proper seal for an application, because the ability of the seal to
compensate for each or any combination of these dynamic conditions is greatly
influenced by the secondary seal design utilized. The secondary seal must allow
for three major types of movement:
■ Shaft axial movement and compensation for seal face wear
As defined, pusher seals incorporate a secondary seal that must slide along the
shaft to accommodate for face wear and shaft movement. The most common
pusher seals are O-ring and PTFE wedge-type seals. The dynamic secondary seal
seals against the face and has a leak-tight fit around the shaft. It must slide along
the shaft in a leak-free condition.
A contained elastomer O-ring can be used with a controlled radial compression.
The benefits are:
■ Low cost
■ Wide temperature and corrosion limits
■ High pressure capability

■ Angular shaft to the pump misalignment

O-ring Secondary Seal

A PTFE wedge, axially loaded against a cone, will provide another pusher solution.
The benefits are:
■ Shaft flexure and misalignment ■ High corrosion resistance
■ Low shaft friction coefficient
■ Low cost

PTFE Wedge Secondary Seal

 Table of Contents Index 5 

Sealing Technology
Secondary Seal Design

Non-Pusher Seals Seal Installation Tolerances

The non-pusher secondary sealing elements include bellows constructed out To ensure the highest reliability and extended MTBR (Mean Time Between Repair)
of elastomeric compounds, metal or PTFE. The non-pusher sealing elements for equipment, mechanical seals should be installed within the recommended
are not pushed along the shaft to compensate for the face wear and equipment tolerances as follows:
misalignment, but form a static joint with the shaft. The convolution of the bellows,
which does not contact the shaft, flexes to compensate for shaft movement.
Generally, non-pusher seals are preferred where higher levels of shaft
Shaft runout adjacent to the seal
misalignment will be encountered. Various shapes are available;
should not exceed 0.003"/0.076mm
TIR for shaft speeds between
Elastomer Full Convolution Bellows:
750 to 1800 rpm. For higher speeds,
■ Excellent flexibility the limit is 0.002"/0.05mm TIR.
■ Non-clogging
■ Low cost
■ Limited elastomer availability

To avoid the possibility of rubbing

contact, ensure the location
concentricity is within
Welded Metal Bellows: 0.005"/0.13mm TIR.
■ High corrosion resistance
■ High temperature capability
■ High pressure capability
■ Higher cost

Excessive shaft movement can

increase primary seal and
secondary pusher seal wear.
PTFE Bellows:
■ Excellent corrosion resistance
■ Internally pressurized Elastomer bellows seals, in
■ Low pressure capability general, are more tolerant of shaft
movement.

 Table of Contents Index 6 

Sealing Technology
The Seal Environment

Seal Heat Removal

Mechanical seals generate frictional heat as the primary ring and mating ring rub together. Speed, pressure, seal face materials, size and fluid properties all influence the
level of heat generated. Since heat generation takes place in the sealing interface, the heat transfer process is through the primary ring, mating ring and surrounding fluid.
The thermal conductivity properties of the face materials, convective properties of the fluid and fluid volume and flow all influence and work in union to dictate the rate at
which heat is removed. Materials like silicon carbide and tungsten carbide have relatively high thermal conductivity properties. Materials like alumina (ceramic) and Crane-
foil have a much lower thermal conductivity. Also, the heat transfer coefficients of fluids vary greatly and must be evaluated for each application to determine the necessary
cooling requirements. Efficient seal heat removal is essential to successful seal performance and relies heavily on the proper selection of the mating ring material and
arrangement, effective management of the cooling-lubricating fluid and pump seal chamber environment.

Heat Soak
Another source of heat in a stuffing box or seal chamber is heat soak. Heat soak is the heat transferred from the metallic seal chamber to the fluid in the seal chamber. If
the process temperature is higher than the seal chamber temperature, heat will be added to the fluid in the seal chamber. On the other hand if the process temperature is
lower than the seal chamber temperature, heat will be removed.

Heat Generation at Interface
Total Seal Heat: (Hu) = Hf + Hc
At speeds < 2000 fpm/10 m/s, Hc may
be assumed to be negligible. Seal
heat removal management is an
essential factor in achieving long
seal life.
Heat Removal
A dead-ended seal chamber relies on
the conduction of heat from the fluid
into the pump casing and convection
by air. This is an inefficient system,
which can be improved by using an
external water-cooled jacket and an
increased radial gap around the seal.
Seal Flush
A traditional stuffing box, shaped
to accommodate gland packing,
continues to be widely used. Similar
limitations to the dead-ended seal
chamber apply, and radial constraints
further reduce efficiency. A flush flow
from a higher-pressure source is
normally recommended, but lack
of fluid volume around the seal limits
its heat removal efficiency.
Enlarged Seal Chamber
An angled or radially enlarged seal
chamber is designed to enhance
the transfer heat evenly within the
chamber. An exchange of fluid
through the impeller will remove the
majority of heat, and the remainder
will be conducted through the mating
ring and chamber wall.

 Table of Contents Index 7 

Sealing Technology
Seal Flush Flow Rates

Seal Flush Induced Cooling Flush

When the surrounding fluid is not cooled In some installations, it is necessary to isolate the pumped fluid from the
or continuously replaced, it may become too atmosphere. A typical example is either a dual unpressurized “tandem” seal or
hot for reliable seal performance. Most seals a dual pressurized “double” seal. In these enclosed environments, estimating the
operate with a continuous replacement of the heat that has to be removed for reliable operation is more complicated.
seal chamber fluid or seal flush. Flush rates
Cooling flush rates are normally induced by a pumping device within the seal
are selected so the fluid properties and
arrangement and the heat is exchanged externally. Axial flow pumping rings (see
average temperature remain satisfactory
image below) are most commonly used to induce flow, however, radial flow pumping
after removing all generated heat. A typical
rings are also effectively used for barrier fluid circulation. Flow rates and heat
rule of thumb is that the seal flush rate should
development vary significantly by design, fluid properties, and rotational speed.
be about one gpm per inch (4.5 lpm per 25.4
Consult John Crane Engineering for specific recommendations.
mm) of shaft size for water and non-flashing
services, but twice that for flashing services.

Maximum Reliable Seal Temperature

The level of phase stability of the primary seal lubricating film is a major factor in
achieving long seal life. One measure of assessing the mechanical seal’s
performance is to calculate the ( ∆Ta).
∆Ta is the difference between the actual fluid temperature and its boiling point at a
position and pressure adjacent to the seal.
Each seal and material combination has a minimum temperature margin, beyond
which seal life may be reduced when operating on a particular fluid at a specific
pressure. This is referred to as the Temperature Margin Required ( ∆Tr).
Ensuring the ∆Ta is above the ∆Tr will help improve seal life. Although variable with
pressure, a typical minimum ∆Ta for a process pump seal on water at 150 psi(g)/
10.3 bar(g) is 18°F/10°C.
Many seal problems are related to inadequate cooling. Therefore it is
recommended that John Crane Engineering be consulted to provide specific
cooling recommendations based on actual application conditions.

Dual Pressurized Seal with Axial Flow Pumping Ring

 Table of Contents Index 8 

Sealing Technology
Seal Arrangement
Mechanical Seal Arrangement Classifications
Following proper seal design selection, pusher vs. non-pusher (metal bellows,
elastomer bellows, or PTFE bellows) and balanced vs. unbalanced, application
consideration must be given to seal arrangement. Seal arrangement classifications
are generally described as single or multiple.
Single Seals
Single seals utilize one seal head as the primary sealing device to contain the
process fluid from leaking to atmosphere. Single seals may be inside mounted,
stationary or rotating head, (Figure 1) and therefore externally pressurized or
outside mounted, (Figure 2) and internally pressurized. Single, internally mounted
seals are preferred for a number of design considerations and are the most
commonly utilized seal arrangements.
Figure 1 Figure 2
Single seals minimize the complexity of the overall sealing system. However they
will allow normal leakage to atmosphere and potentially significant liquid leakage
in the event of a seal failure. Every application must consider the process fluid
conditions in terms of safety and environment contamination in evaluating if a
single seal is appropriate. The Seal Selection by Fluid pages provides hazard
codes to aid in this important selection criteria.
Multiple Seals
Multiple seals are recommended when the application conditions require more
than one seal be applied to contain a fluid. Multiple seals are usually two seal
heads positioned either face-to-face, back-to-back, or face-to-back. These are
more generally described today as dual seals and are operated as a dual
unpressurized seal, utilizing an API Plan 52 or 55 or dual pressurized seal,
utilizing an API Plan 53 or 54. (Figure 3 and 4)
 Table of Contents
Figure 3 Figure 4
Dual unpressurized seals (tandem) utilize a secondary or buffer fluid at a lower
pressure than the primary process sealed fluid pressure. The intent may be to simply
prevent process leakage from crystallization as it reaches atmosphere or maintain
the secondary seal as a safety or backup in the event of a primary seal failure.
Dual pressurized seals (double) utilize a secondary or barrier fluid at a higher
pressure than the fluid being sealed. This isolates primary seal faces from the
process fluid where abrasives or other conditions may be detrimental to face
lubrication or on toxic services. This design prevents the potential leakage of
process to atmosphere in the event of a primary seal failure. Dual seals do require
additional seal support systems to manage the barrier fluid. Specific information
is provided in the Seal Support Systems section.
Cartridge Seals
Historical industry data has shown that seal reliability can be greatly influenced by
the level of handling care and precision during assembly and installation procedures.
In particular, moving from shaft mounted seal assembly designs, which must be
manually installed on the pump, to cartridge seal designs which are factory pre-
assembled and pressure tested and are installed as a unit, greatly reduces the
potential for improper assembly or seal setting. The American Petroleum Institute
(API) has long recognized this benefit and
has incorporated into the API 682 seal
standard that all seals are to be designed
as cartridges. Most seals today are either
designed as a pre-engineered cartridge or
utilize existing seal head assemblies,
engineered into a cartridge unit for a
specific application.
Figure 5
Index 9 
Seal Selection Process
A Step-by-Step Guide

This application guide is designed as a quick reference Seal Family, Material, and Arrangement guide.

STAGE 1 SEAL SELECTION BY FLUID PAGES

IDENTIFY FLUID DATA

SEAL FAMILY/ARRANGEMENT
FLUSH/NECK MATERIALS
SEAL TYPES FLUSH/THROAT
SECONDARY CONTAINMENT REFER TO PRODUCT
STAGE 2 SEAL TYPES SECONDARY CONTAINMENT MATERIALS DATA SHEET
IDENTIFY SEAL
MATERIAL AND
ARRANGEMENT

CHECK MATERIAL
STAGE 3 SEAL SUMMARY AVAILABILITY
CHECK PERFORMANCE
LIMITS

SUITABLE SEALS

REFER TO PRODUCT
STAGE 4 SEAL DIMENSIONAL DATA DATA SHEET
CHECK SEAL
DIMENSIONS

SELECTED SEAL

 Table of Contents Index 10 

Worked Example
Introduction
Stage 1
Over 700 commonly found fluids
are listed alphabetically in the Seal
Selection by Fluid pages. Only the
concentration and temperature of the
fluid are needed to find the seal family,
material, seal arrangement and other
installation requirements.
All compatible materials are shown to
allow users to select the materials and
seal family that best suit their needs
for their particular equipment and
application requirements.
Stage 2
The materials recommended in the
Seal Selection by Fluid pages are all
the suitable materials for the particular
application. However, suitable seal
types may have slightly different
standard material combinations.
By cross-checking recommended
materials from the Seal Selection
by Fluid pages with the standard and
optional materials in the Materials of
Construction chart in the John Crane
product data sheets, appropriate
material combinations can be selected.
 Table of Contents
Stage 3
For suitable seals, it will still be
necessary to check application,
Seal Selection
pressure, temperature, size and speed
requirements to confirm suitability of a
Checklist
selection. This data is available on the
individual product data sheets which Fluid: ................................................. ■
are located on www.johncrane.com.
Concentration: .................................. ■
Stage 4
Once a suitable seal has been selected, Temperature: .................................... ■
key envelope dimensions to confirm
pump fit can be obtained from the
individual product data sheets as well.
Further Selection Advice Sealed Pressure: .............................. ■
If the required application is outside
the list of fluids or seal performance Shaft/Sleeve Size: ............................. ■
envelopes, please refer either to your
local John Crane Sales Engineer or
John Crane office for further help. Shaft Speed: ..................................... ■
John Crane also provides a range of
brochures for individual seal types, Seal Standard: .................................. ■
and they should be consulted for more
detailed performance and installation
information.
Seal Chamber Depth: ....................... ■
Worked Example
The worked example on the following Seal Chamber Bore: ......................... ■
pages is intended to help illustrate the
seal selection process.
Distance to Nearest
Obstruction: ...................................... ■
Index 11 
Worked Example
Stages 1 and 2 – Arrangement and Material Selection

Example:
What is the John Crane recommendation
for sealing Acetic Acid in a centrifugal SEE
pump at the following conditions? SELECTION
NOTES

Fluid: Acetic Acid

Concentration: 20%
Temperature: 75°F/24°C
Pressure: 70 psi(g)/4.8 bar(g) Hazards Associated
Shaft/Sleeve Diameter: 2.000"/50.8mm with the Product Seal Family A
C1 - Corrosive (Non-Pusher)
Speed: 3600 rpm F1 - Flammable See page
Arrangement S
(Single Seal) 50 for
Selection Notes
Flush F2
(Product Recirculation)
Throat T1
(None Required)
Secondary Containment Q2
(Leakage Management)

Stages 1 and 2 Instructions Stage 2 Recommended Materials

Identify the installation requirements and recommended
COMPONENT JOHN CRANE MATERIAL MATERIAL CONFIRMED
materials for the fluid at the required concentration and
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION FROM TYPE 1
temperature. Choose the concentration and temperature
MATERIAL CODE* CODE* DATA SHEET
line that covers the required conditions.
Note the recommended materials. In this example, we have Flexible Member – Rubber Bellows 3800 Cranelast O28 ✓
chosen to evaluate the capability of a Type 1 Elastomer Flexible Member – O-ring 9561 Cranelast O28 ✓
Bellows Seal in this application.
Primary Ring 9050 Resin Impregnated F50 ✓
We need to consult the Type 1 specification sheet (not Crane-foil®
included in this document) and confirm that the materials
available match those recommended in this guide. The Metal Parts 0550 316 Stainless Steel 1 ✓
conclusion is listed in Stage 2. Mating Ring 9221 Silicon Carbide O58 ✓
Springs 0550 316 Stainless Steel 1 ✓
BRICI Code = O28 F50 I O28 O58 I 316/316 *Consult John Crane Engineering for Specific Codes

 Table of Contents Index 12 

Worked Example
Stage 3 – Seal Type Performance Evaluation from Product Specification Sheets

Stage 3
Check Performance Limits from Product Specification Sheet TYPE 1/1B
Elastomer Bellows Seals
Example:
Fluid: Acetic Acid Breakout (Starting) Torque Consumption for Seal
For Starting Torque Power Consumption, consult John Crane Engineering.
Temperature: 75°F/24°C
Pressure: 70 psi(g)/4.8 bar(g) Hydrostatic Pressure Limits TYPE 1/1B
Shaft/Sleeve Diameter: 2.000"/50.8mm Elastomer Bellows Seals

Speed: 3600 rpm Basic Pressure Rating

Primary Ring Material: Carbon

To determine the maximum pressure for the
Type 1 or 1B required, multiply the maximum
pressure by the Multiplier Factors to obtain
Mating Ring/Seat Material: Silicon Carbide the maximum operating pressure.

From the Pressure/Velocity (PV) Limits (Basic Pressure

Rating chart), the maximum operating pressure at the
required shaft size is 400 psi(g)/27.6 bar(g). This pressure
has to be corrected by the relevant multipliers from the PV
Multiplier Factors (Multiplier Factors table). In this example the Speed Limits for Coil Springs

maximum pressure is given by: 400 x 0.50 x 0.75 x 1.0=150 psi(g) Coil spring
/28 x 0.50 x .75 x 1.0=10.5 bar(g). requirements
for rotating

Therefore, the application pressure is within the pressure limit Type 1 and 1B
seal heads

of the selected seal.

Thebox
with standard stuffing Basic Pressure Rating is based on a standard Type 1 or Type 1B seal installed according to the criteria given in this data sheet
diameter.
and according to generally accepted industrial practices. The Basic Pressure Rating assumes stable operation at 1800 rpm in a clean,
cool, lubricating, nonvolatile liquid, with an adequate flush rate. When used with the Multiplier Factors, the Basic Pressure Rating can
Temperature limits for the bellows and any secondary sealing provide a conservative estimate of the dynamic pressure rating.

elements should also be checked to see that the application Contact John Crane Engineering for process services outside this range and with more detailed application information in order to
obtain the actual dynamic pressure rating.

is within material limits.

Multiplier Factors
Stage 3 Instructions Multiplier
Example for Determining Pressure Rating Limits

Use the Pressure/Velocity Limits (Basic Pressure Rating Selection Considerations Factor
Seal: 3"/76mm diameter Type 1B
Criteria for Installation Speed 1800 rpm x 1.00
chart) and the PV Multiplier Factors (Multiplier Factors table) Shaft/Sleeve Limits
Above 1800 rpm * Product: Water

Face Material: Carbon vs. Silicon Carbide

to find the performance limits of the recommended seals. Surface Finish 1.00" to 3.125" dia. / 63 Ra
Sealed Fluid
Lubricity
Petrol/Gasoline, Kerosene, or Better
Water and Aqueous Solutions
Flashing Hydrocarbons**
x 1.00
x 0.75
x 0.60 Temperature: 60°F/16°C
3.125" dia. & up / 32 Ra
If a dual seal is required, then a barrier fluid is needed.
(Specific Gravity <0.65) Shaft Speed: 1800 rpm
Ovality/Out of Roundness 0.002"/0.051mm Sealed Fluid Below 175°F/79°C x 1.00 Using the Basic Pressure Rating Chart, the
Please consult John Crane for support systems for dual (Shaft) Temperature
(for carbon
From 175°F to 250°F/79°C to 121°C
From 250°F to 350°F/121°C to 177°C
x 0.90
x 0.80
maximum pressure would be 800 psi(g)/55 bar(g).

unpressurized and dual pressurized seals. End Play/Axial

Float Allowance
±0.005"/0.13mm only) Above 350°F/177°C x 0.65 From the Multiplier Factors chart, apply the
multipliers for the specific service requirements
* Multiplier = 1800/new speed Example: If new speed = 2700 rpm to determine the maximum dynamic pressure
The choice of barrier fluid is dependent on individual plant Multiplier = 1800/2700 = 0.67 rating for the application.

operating conditions. We recommend that you refer to your

** The ratio of sealed pressure to vapor pressure must be greater than 1.5, otherwise 800 psi(g)/55 bar(g) x 1 x 0.75 x 1
consult John Crane. If the specific gravity is less than 0.60, consult John Crane. = 600 psi(g)/41 bar(g)

local John Crane Sales Engineer or John Crane office for At 1800 rpm with the service conditions noted, a
3"/76mm diameter Type 1B seal has a dynamic
specific recommendations. pressure rating of 600 psi(g)/41 bar(g). If operating
pressure exceeds this dynamic rating, consult
your John Crane Sales/Service Engineer.
General guidance on barrier fluid selection is given on page
53 of this global product guide.

 Table of Contents Index 13 

Worked Example
Stage 4 – Seal Type Dimensional Data from Product Specification Sheets

Stage 4

1/1B
Check Installation Dimensions TYPE 1/1B
Example: Elastomer Bellows Seals

Fluid: Acetic Acid Type 1 Typical Arrangement/Dimensional Data

Shaft/Sleeve Diameter: 2.000"/50.8mm

Recommended Seal: Type 1

1/1B
Seal OD = 2.625"/66.6mm TYPE 1/1B
Seal Working Height = 2.125"/53.9mm Elastomer Bellows Seals

Verify: A – Face/Primary Ring

Seal Chamber Depth B – Spring

C – Elastomer Bellows

Seal Chamber Bore is 2.937"/74.6 min. D – Retainer

E – Drive Band
E

Distance to Nearest Obstruction F – Spring Holder

G – Disc
D

F
B
Type 1 Dimensional Data (inches)
C

Seal Size/D1 G
(inches) D3 D4 L3 L38
1.000 1.500 1.750 1.562 0.375
1.125 1.625 1.875 1.625 0.375
1.250 1.812 2.000 1.625 0.375
1.375 1.875 2.125 1.687 0.375
1.500 2.000 2.250 1.687 0.375
1.625 2.250 2.500 2.000 0.375
1.750 2.375 2.625 2.000 0.375
1.875 2.500 2.750 2.125 0.375
Stage 4 Instructions 2.000
2.125
2.625
2.812
2.937
3.125
2.125
2.375
0.375
0.500
Product Description Performance Capabilities
The John Crane Type 1 Elastomer Bellows Seal is widely ■ Temperature:
Refer to the relevant dimension tables and check the
2.250 2.937 3.250 2.375 0.500
2.375 3.062 3.375 2.500 0.500 recognized as the industry workhorse with a proven track -40°C to 205°C/-40°F to 400°F
2.500 3.187 3.500 2.500 0.500 record of exceptional performance. The Type 1 is (depending on materials used)
envelope dimensions to confirm that the seal will fit the 2.625
2.750
3.375
3.500
3.750
3.875
2.750
2.750
0.500
0.500
suitable for a wide range of service conditions: from
water and steam to chemicals and corrosive materials.
■ Pressure:
installation. 2.875
3.000
3.625
3.750
4.000
4.187
2.875
2.875
0.500
0.500 ■ For use in pumps, mixers, blenders, agitators,
1: Up to 29 bar(g)/425 psi(g)
1B: Up to 82 bar(g)/1200 psi(g)
3.125 4.000 4.437 3.125 0.500 refrigeration compressors, blowers, fans and other
3.250 4.125 4.562 3.125 0.500 ■ Speed:
rotary shaft equipment.
3.375 4.250 4.687 3.125 0.500 See enclosed Speed Limits chart.
3.500 4.375 4.812 3.125 0.500 ■ For pulp and paper, petrochemical, food processing,
3.625 4.500 4.937 3.250 0.562
3.750 4.625 5.062 3.250 0.562
wastewater treatment, chemical processing, power
3.875 4.750 5.187 3.375 0.562 generation and other demanding applications.
4.000 4.875 5.312 3.375 0.562
Design Features
■ Mechanical Drive — Eliminates overstressing of bellows.
■ Self-Aligning Capability — Automatic adjustment
compensates for abnormal shaft end play runout,
primary ring wear and equipment tolerances.
■ Special Balancing — For higher pressure applications and
less wear.
■ Non-Clogging, Single-Coil Spring — Not affected by
buildup of solids.
■ Low Drive Torque — Improves performance and reliability.

 Table of Contents Index 14 

Key to Seal Selection by Fluid
Fluid Data

Sealed Fluid Hazard Codes

The Sealed Fluid is listed alphabetically along with specific concentrations or Common hazards and the relative degree of the hazard are stated. It is possible for
specifications (in some cases). In addition, some alternate names may be shown. a fluid to have multiple hazards. Generally, the hazards are shown for the pure
substance even if the application is dilute. It is assumed that any leakage of the
Sealed Fluid will evaporate and leave concentrated deposits.

Toxic
T1 The fluid has a moderate level of toxicity (generally by inhalation or absorption).
T2 The fluid is either highly toxic, poisonous or a listed carcinogen.
T3 The fluid is either extremely toxic or a listed carcinogen.
TOXIC

Corrosive
C1 The fluid has a mild corrosive effect on human skin or tissue.
C2 The fluid is highly corrosive to human skin or tissue.
CORROSIVE

Melting and Boiling Points Flammable

The temperature in degrees Fahrenheit/Centigrade is provided for the Sealed
Fluid (compound, chemical, fluid) in its native state. The Melting Point can also
be the Freezing Point of the fluid. Some compounds may be in a crystalline or
powder form with varying degrees of solubility in water or other chemicals.
FLAMMABLE
F1 The fluid is likely to combust when exposed to either heat or flame.
F2 The fluid is highly flammable and will combust when exposed to either
heat or flame.

The Sealed Fluids listed are assumed to be in a liquid state. In these cases,
the compatibility of both the base compound and the soluble liquid needs to
be verified. The Boiling Point is the atmospheric boiling point for the fluid. The
vapor pressure of the fluid is an important consideration in the application of WATER REACTIVE
mechanical seals. The rule of thumb is that the seal chamber pressure must
be a minimum of 25 psi(g)/1.7 bar(g) above the vapor pressure at pumping
temperature (seal chamber temperature). More volatile fluids (light
hydrocarbons) may require a larger vapor pressure margin.
OXIDIZING
Specific Gravity
The specific gravity of the fluid or compound, in its native state (solid, crystal,
powder, or liquid) is provided. Specific gravity of a gas is the density relative to air.
Water Reactive
W1 The fluid may react when exposed to water or moisture.
W2 The fluid will have a severe adverse reaction when exposed to water or moisture.
Oxidizing
O1 The fluid may produce an oxidizing reaction to organic materials.
O2 The fluid produces a strong oxidizing reaction to organic materials.
Explosive
E2 The fluid will be explosive when exposed to either heat or flame.

Sealed Temperature
EXPLOSIVE
A temperature band (minimum/maximum) is provided for all fluids. Temperature
conditions outside this band need a closer examination to make a proper seal Spontaneous Combustion
selection. In these cases, contact a John Crane representative. S2 The fluid will react spontaneously in air without any external influence.

SPONTANEOUS
COMBUSTION

 Table of Contents Index 15 

Key to Seal Selection by Fluid
Seal Family and Installation Arrangements

Seal Families Arrangement

Seal Families are generally segregated by secondary seal design; this is applicable for When practical, the recommended sealing arrangement is a single seal. As required,
families A-E. Seal types within each family utilize a common secondary seal method due to the hazardous nature of the fluid or its characteristics (i.e., abrasive, crystallizing,
which dictates specific performance characteristics. Seal families F, G and H are corrosive, etc.), the addition of a containment device or a dual seal arrangement may
equipment specific, may use different secondary seal designs, and are not included in be required. The listed sealing arrangement is based upon meeting the essential
the selection charts. Limits and capabilities for all seal types vary from seal to seal within requirements for proper sealing. The essential requirements include meeting local,
each family. Therefore, it is essential to verify seal type suitability for each application. state or federal regulations in regard to emissions and TLVs (Threshold Limit Values).
Family A Alternate arrangements, such as the use of an external flush, dual unpressurized, or
Elastomer Bellows Seals Type 1 Series (1/1A/1B) Type 6A Type 2106 Type 37FS/37FSB dual pressurized arrangements, can provide a more suitable environment for the seal
Type 2 Series (2/2uk/2B/2M) Type 21 *Type 5611/5611Q to extend MTBR (Mean Time Between Repair).
Type 6 Type 2100 Type 502

Family B Contacting Non-Contacting S – Single Seal

O-ring Pusher Seals Type 8-1/8-1T Type 58B/U Type 5870 *Type 2800E/EX/EH The default is a single inside mounted rotating seal.
— Contacting Type 8B Type 270F Type 8610/8620 *Type 2874
— Non-Contacting Type 8B1/8B1T Type 586 Type SB1/A *Type 2800
An alternate is a single inside mounted stationary seal
Type R33 *Type 3740 Type SB2/A *Type 2800XA (see Selection Note #9, page 50). For best reliability,
Type 48LP/MP/HP *Type 4610/4620P Type SBW *Type 2800XP a cartridge dual unpressurized seal is recommended.
Type 48V *Type 5610/5610Q Type JCS1 Type 28LD Single Seal-Internal
Type 48VL-C *Type 5610V/VQ/5620V/VP Type JCS2 Type 28SC D – Dual Seal
Type 48XP *Type 5620/5620P Type FFET
Type 1648/2648/3648 *Type 5620D
The default for a dual unpressurized seal (Quench = Q6)
Type 57B *Type 5860 is a face-to-back (Tandem) sealing arrangement. For best
Family C
reliability a cartridge seal is recommended.
PTFE Wedge Seals Type 9/9T/109/59U Type 9B/9BT/109B/59B The default for a dual pressurized seal (Flush = F4) is a
Family D Contacting Non-Contacting
back-to-back sealing arrangement. This is also suitable Single Seal-Stationary
Metal Bellows Seals ***Type 604/606/609 ***Type ECS *Type 5615/5615Q *Type 2874NE for corrosive fluids as the seal hardware is non-wetted.
— Contacting
— Non-Contacting
***Type 604HTC/609HTC *Type EZ-1 *Type 5625/5625P ***Type 285 An alternate for a dual pressurized seal (Flush = F4) is a
***Type 670/675/676/680 Type 1604HTC/2609HTC/
— High Temperature 3609HTC/3604HTC
face-to-back sealing arrangement. In this arrangement,
**Type 515E/515C
**Type GL1B/GL1H Type 1670/2670/3670 the inner seal has the barrier fluid on the inside diameter
Family E
and the sealed fluid on the outside diameter, so corrosion
PTFE Bellows Seals Type 20/20R Type 10T/10R ratings must be considered.
Dual Pressurized Seal
Family F Other alternate arrangements for dual unpressurized or
Back-to-Back
Vessel & Agitator Seals Type 7800 Series Type 32GL Type 5280 Series Type CK 728 dual pressurized sealing arrangements exist. Examples
Type 7700 Type 32D Type CK 725 Type CK 736 are face-to-face designs with either rotating or stationary
Type 32 Type 32i Type CK 726 Type CK 738 mounted seals, face-to-back designs with stationary
Family G mounted seals, or combinations of a stationary mounted
Turbomachinery Seals Type 28AT/XP/EXP Type 28ST Type 93FR inner seal with a rotating outer seal.
Type 28VL Type 83
Family H
Contacting liquid lubricated vs. non-contacting, gas-
Other Seals *Type 5840 lubricated dual pressurized must also be considered in Dual Unpressurized or
the seal type selection process. Consult the product data Dual Pressurized Seal
*Cartridge **Formed ***Welded Note: For selection of seals in family F and G consult John Crane. sheets or John Crane Engineering for benefits. Face-to-Back

 Table of Contents Index 16 

Key to Seal Selection by Fluid
Flush and Throat Arrangements

Flush
The flush is a fluid directed into or out of the seal chamber to provide heat F5 – Injection
removal or maintain a clean or cleaner environment for the seal. The following An injection of a clean fluid from an external source. The injected fluid will mix
arrangements are grouped according to their general function. A more complete with the sealed fluid.
description of the flushing arrangements is available in John Crane’s publication
“Circulation Systems for Single and Multiple Seal Arrangements” (MMTC 602). API Plan 32
The flush plans noted are industry standard plans per API 682.
Throat
F1 – No Flush The seal chamber throat area is an important feature for some applications.
In conjunction with the flush used, this area of the pump is a critical area in
No seal flush is required. The seal chamber is dead- controlling the environment that the seal is exposed to. To maximize MTBR,
ended. Typically used with a jacketed seal chamber the use of small bore seal chambers (stuffing boxes) is not recommended.
and/or gland to heat or cool the seal chamber.
API Plan 02 or 03 F1 T1
No special requirements.
F2 – Product Recirculation
Recirculation of the pumped product into or out of T2
the seal chamber. API Plans 21 and 23 which cool the A large bore, cylindrical or tapered, or a bell type
fluid, should be considered for installations with housing is recommended.
higher product temperatures.
API Plans 01, 11, 13, 14, 21, or 23 T2

F2
F3 – Clean Flush
Similar to F2, with the addition of a strainer or T3
cyclone separator to remove particles from the flush The OEM’s standard fixed bushing is adequate for the
stream. Some plans also include heat exchangers to application.
cool the sealed fluid.
API Plans 12, 22, 31, or 41 T3
F3
F4 – Dual Seal, Pressurized Barrier
T4
A pressurized barrier liquid or gas (for Type 28/2800
seals) to provide a barrier fluid at a higher pressure A close clearance floating bushing is recommended.
than the sealed fluid. The barrier fluid must be Typically used with an F5 (API Plan 32) flush.
compatible with the sealed fluid.
API Plans 53A, 53B, 53C, 54, or 74
F4 T4

 Table of Contents Index 17 

Key to Seal Selection by Fluid
Quenches/Secondary Containment

The atmospheric area on the inner diameter of a single seal or the outer seal of a dual seal can be used with various forms of quenches: water, steam, nitrogen, or a
buffer fluid in conjunction with a dual unpressurized seal, to enhance the seal’s performance. This area can also be used to contain any leakage and route it to a safe area.

Q1 – No Special Requirements Q5 – Continuous Quench

No special quench or containment is required. If space A continuous quench is recommended in the form
is available, the use of a fixed bushing is recommended of water, steam, nitrogen or another suitable liquid.
to route any leakage to a safe area. The quench should be contained with a suitable
containment device, depending upon the level of
containment required.
Q2 – Leakage Management
API Plan 62 Q3, Q4, and Q5
A quench, that is designed to operate as a secondary
containment device and divert leakage to a drain, flare,
or vapor recovery system, is recommended. Leakage Q6 – Unpressurized Dual Seal
management devices can be fixed bushings, floating An unpressurized dual seal with a suitable
bushings, segmented bushings or dry-running buffer fluid is recommended. The outer seal
secondary containment seals. can be a liquid lubricated contacting seal or
API Plans 65A, 65B, 66A, 66B, 75, or 76 alternately a contacting or non-contacting
Q2 dry-running containment seal.
API Plans 52, 55, 72, 72/75, or 72/76 Q6
Q3 – Static Quench
A static quench along with a containment device, such
as a lip seal to contain the quench is recommended. Q7 – Splash Guard
The liquid level of the quench should be maintained at Externally mounted seals with the sealed fluid on the
all times. inner diameter should be fitted with a splash guard in
order to prevent leakage from splashing/spraying the
API Plan 51 surrounding area.
Q7
Q4 – Intermittent Quench
An intermittent quench is recommended as a minimum
to clean up the atmospheric side of the seal. Depending
upon the space available, this can be in the form of a
quench block used with a Type 5860 (slurry seal) to
various containment devices, ranging from a fixed
bushing to a segmented bushing, as noted in Q2 above. Note: Liquid quenches Q4 and Q5 must be piped in at bottom dead center of the quench gland and out
at top dead center. Steam quenches Q4 and Q5 must be piped in at top dead center of the quench
gland and out at bottom dead center.

 Table of Contents Index 18 

Key to Seal Selection by Fluid
General Temperature Limits for Elastomers and Face Materials

The Sealed Fluids listed are assumed to be in a liquid state. If the Sealed Fluid Confirm Elastomers and Face Materials Selections – The “Sealed Temperature”
is a solid (such as a crystal or powder) that is soluble in a variety of fluids, the range may exceed the low or high temperature range of some of the Secondary
compatibility of both needs to be verified. Where solubility is limited, non-pusher Seals (Elastomers) and/or the Seal Face Materials. Review the material temperature
type seals are recommended. limits for these materials to ensure that the chosen material is suitable.
The Seal Family, Arrangement, Flush, Throat, and Secondary Containment When EPDM is used as a secondary seal material, keep hydrocarbon-based oils
selections shown are only one of many that can be utilized in the application. The from contacting the elastomeric part.
combinations selected have the best chance of achieving a high MTBR and meeting
emission regulations (if applicable). Alternate selections may also meet the criteria,
but must be selected by the end user who is knowledgeable of the application. As an
example, an API Plan 32 flush can be utilized in lieu of a dual pressurized seal
arrangement, but it will contaminate the primary product.

General Temperature Limits for Elastomers and Face Materials

Note:
1 – For dynamic secondary seals the limit is 500ºF/260ºC
2 – For mating ring seal the limit is -5ºF to 350ºF/-20ºC to 177ºC
3 – For mating ring seal the limit is -40ºF to 450ºF/-40ºC to 230ºC
4 – For mating ring seal the limit is -40ºF to 750ºF/-40ºC to 400ºC
5 – Subject to fracture from thermal stresses and/or thermal shock
a) Maximum T for “C” is 125ºF/51ºC
b) Maximum T for “010” is 175ºF/80ºC

 Table of Contents Index 19 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B® G = Hastelloy G®

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
Bellows
SELECTION

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Acetaldehyde -191 -124 68 20 0.80 -40 -40 212 100 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetic Acid, <30% (Non-Aerated) 63 17 244 118 1.05 32 0 140 60 C1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetic Acid, >30% (Non-Aerated) --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 250 120 T1C2F1 E B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetic Acid, >30% (Non-Aerated) --- --- --- --- --- 250 121 400 200 T1C2F1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetic Acid, Glacial (100%), (Non-Aerated) --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 250 120 T1C2F1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetic Anhydride, <15% -99 -73 282 139 1.08 -4 -20 300 150 T2C2F1W2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetone -137 -94 133 56 0.79 -4 -20 212 100 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetone Cyanohydrin -4 -20 180 82 0.93 -4 -20 180 80 T2F1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetonitrile -42 -41 180 82 0.80 -4 -20 240 115 T1F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetyl Chloride -170 -112 124 51 1.10 -4 -20 125 50 T2C2F2W1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Acetyl Chloride,Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 125 50 T2C2F2W1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Acetylene, Gas -114 -81 -119 -84 0.90 -40 -40 80 25 T1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Acrolein -125 -87 127 53 0.84 32 0 150 65 T2C1F2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29,30

Acrylic Acid 54 12 286 141 1.05 32 0 100 40 T2C2F1 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 6,21

Acrylic Acid --- --- --- --- --- 100 38 285 140 T2C2F1 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 6,21

Acrylonitrile -117 -83 171 77 0.80 -40 -40 175 80 T2C2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Adipic Acid, <5% 306 152 638 337 1.36 32 0 212 100 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7,11,25-140

Adipic Acid, Dry --- --- --- --- --- 300 150 420 215 T1 --- B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7,11,28

Adiponitrile 37 3 563 295 0.95 50 10 400 200 T1F1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Allyl Alcohol -58 -50 207 97 0.85 32 0 212 100 T2F2 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Allyl Chloride -211 -135 115 46 --- 32 0 212 100 T1F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Aluminum Acetate --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 100 40 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Aluminum Acetate, Dry --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,28

Aluminum Chloride, <10% 381 194 --- --- 2.44 32 0 140 60 T2C1W2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Aluminum Chloride, <10% --- --- --- --- --- 140 60 212 100 T2C1W2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

 Table of Contents Index 20 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
Bellows
SELECTION

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Aluminum Chloride, <95% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T2C1W2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-175

Aluminum Nitrate 32 0 212 100 --- 32 0 212 100 O2 --- B --- S F1 T1 Q5 ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,25-175,29

Aluminum Potassium Sulfate (Alum), <5% 199 93 392 200 1.76 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Aluminum Potassium Sulfate (Alum), >5% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,30

Aluminum Sulfate, <5% 1418 770 --- --- 2.70 32 0 140 60 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Aluminum Sulfate, <95% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,17

Aminoacetic Acid (Glycine), <5% 457 236 --- --- 1.16 32 0 140 60 --- --- C D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Aminoacetic Acid (Glycine), >5% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- C D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13,17

Aminobenzenesulfonic Acid (Metanilic Acid) --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,30

Aminobenzoic Acid 356 180 --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

Ammonia, Anhydrous -108 -78 -29 -34 0.77 -40 -40 175 80 T2C1F1 A B D D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ammonia, Aqua (Wet) --- --- --- --- --- 0 -18 70 20 T2C1F1 --- B D D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2

Ammonia, Gas, Dry -108 -78 -29 -34 0.58 -25 -30 212 100 T2C1F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19,28

Ammonium Acetate, <20% 237 114 --- --- 1.07 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ammonium Acetate, >20% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ammonium Bicarbonate, <12% 118 48 --- --- 1.58 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Ammonium Bifluoride 257 125 464 240 1.21 32 0 150 65 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ B 5,13,22

Ammonium Bromide, <60% --- --- 846 452 2.43 32 0 212 100 T2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5

Ammonium Carbamate --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 140 60 T1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

Ammonium Carbonate, <60% 133 56 --- --- --- 32 0 70 20 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ammonium Chloride, <40% 622 328 968 520 1.54 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-160

Ammonium Hydroxide, <30% -107 -77 86 30 0.90 -4 -20 70 20 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ammonium Hydroxide, <40% --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 212 100 T1C1 E B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,25-175,29

Ammonium Nitrate 338 170 410 210 1.72 32 0 250 120 T1O2E2 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-175

Ammonium Persulfate, <5% 248 120 --- --- 1.98 0 -18 100 40 T1C1 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

 Table of Contents Index 21 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
Bellows
SELECTION

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Ammonium Phosphate (Dibasic), <20% 311 155 --- --- 1.61 32 0 85 30 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ammonium Phosphate (Dibasic), <20% --- --- --- --- --- 85 30 140 60 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ammonium Phosphate (Dibasic), <40% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 100 40 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ammonium Phosphate (Dibasic), <40% --- --- --- --- --- 100 40 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ammonium Phosphate (Dibasic), >40% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

Ammonium Stearate 167 75 --- --- 0.89 32 0 160 70 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,12

Ammonium Sulfate, <60% 536 280 --- --- 1.77 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- S F5 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,21,22,29,30

Ammonium Thiocyanate, <40% 302 150 --- --- 1.30 32 0 212 100 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ammonium Thiocyanate, >40% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

Amyl Acetate (Banana Oil) -110 -79 298 148 0.87 -4 -20 275 135 F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Amyl Alcohol -110 -79 280 138 0.81 -4 -20 275 135 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-200

Aniline 21 -6 363 184 1.02 32 0 350 175 T2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-175

Aniline Hydrochloride, <20% 388 198 --- --- 1.22 32 0 212 100 T2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30
Aqua Regia - See Nitrohydrochloric Acid
Argon, Gas -308 -189 -303 -186 1.38 -40 -40 80 25 T1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Arsenic Acid, <20% 95 35 320 160 2.20 32 0 212 100 T3C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29

Arsenic Trioxide 599 315 869 465 3.86 32 0 212 100 T3 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,30

Ascorbic Acid 378 192 --- --- 1.65 32 0 100 40 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Asphalt (Crude Oil Residue) 199 93 878 470 --- 200 93 750 400 F1 A B DH S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,3,4,6,7, 9,11

Asphalt Based Oil --- --- --- --- 0.90 86 30 400 200 F1 A B DH S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,3,4,7,11

Asphalt Based Oil --- --- --- --- --- 400 200 750 400 F1 --- --- DH S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,3,4,9,11

Asphalt, Emulsified --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 400 200 F1 A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,7,11

Barium Chloride 1764 962 --- --- 3.09 32 0 212 100 T3C1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-175

Barium Hydroxide, <50% 172 78 1436 780 2.18 32 0 212 100 T3C1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-160

Barium Nitrate, <50% 1098 592 --- --- 3.24 32 0 140 60 T3C1O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29

 Table of Contents Index 22 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
Bellows
SELECTION

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Barium Sulfate, <10% 2876 1580 --- --- 4.50 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B D S F5 T3 Q2 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-175

Beer 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 70 20 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

Beer Wort --- --- 212 100 1.00 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 6,13

Beet Sugar 32 0 --- --- 1.60 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,6,13,16

Bentonite --- --- 529 276 2.50 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,8,9,10

Benzaldehyde -15 -26 354 179 1.04 -4 -20 275 135 T1C1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Benzaldehyde --- --- --- --- --- 275 135 350 175 T1C1F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Benzene, Benzol 43 6 176 80 0.88 43 6 175 80 T2F2 A B D D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Benzenesulfonic Acid 111 44 --- --- --- 32 0 70 20 T2C1 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Benzoic Acid, <5% 250 121 480 249 1.27 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B D S F3 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,7,13

Benzotrichloride 32 0 430 221 1.38 32 0 70 20 T2C2 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Benzotrichloride --- --- --- --- --- 70 20 420 215 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,30

Benzotrifluoride -20 -29 216 102 1.18 -4 -20 70 20 T1C1F2 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Benzotrifluoride --- --- --- --- --- 70 20 215 102 T1C1F2 --- B --- D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29

Benzoyl Chloride 30 -1 387 197 1.22 32 0 400 200 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,30

Biphenyl (Diphenyl) 158 70 493 256 1.00 160 70 250 120 T3C1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7

Biphenyl (Diphenyl) --- --- --- --- --- 250 120 480 250 T3C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9

Bisphenol-A 307 153 428 220 1.19 100 40 430 220 --- --- C --- S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7,11

Black Liquor, Sulfate, <30% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 160 70 T1C1 A B D S F1 T2 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

Black Liquor, Sulfate, > 30% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 260 125 T1C1 A B D D F2 T2 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

Blood --- --- 212 100 1.10 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,6,13,16

Bonderite Solution (Zinc) --- --- --- --- 1.00 32 0 160 70 T2C2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Boric Acid, <30% 338 170 572 300 1.43 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4

Boric Acid, >30% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4

Boron Trichloride -161 -107 55 13 1.35 -40 -40 70 20 T2C2W2 --- C D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

 Table of Contents Index 23 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
Bellows
SELECTION

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Boron Trifluoride -200 -129 -150 -101 --- -40 -40 115 45 T2C2W2F2 --- C D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Bromic Acid --- --- 212 100 3.28 32 0 212 100 T1C1O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,30

Bromine, Gas 19 -7 138 59 --- 135 57 212 100 T3C2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19,22,30

Bromine, Gas, Dry --- --- --- --- --- 135 57 160 70 T3C2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19,28

Bromine, Liquid 19 -7 138 59 3.11 32 0 140 60 T3C2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,30

Bromine, Liquid, Dry --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 140 60 T3C2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Bunker C Fuel Oil --- --- --- --- .8-1.02 32 0 300 150 F2 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,7,11

Butadiene (Monomer) -164 -109 25 -4 0.62 -4 -20 200 93 T2C1F2 A B --- D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14,21

Butane, Gas -216 -138 30 -1 2.07 -40 -40 170 75 T1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Butane, Liquid -216 -138 30 -1 0.58 -40 -40 212 100 T1F2 A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Butanediol (1,2) -58 -50 381 194 1.00 -40 -40 400 200 T1F1 --- C D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butanediol (1,3) --- --- 405 207 1.00 32 0 400 200 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butanediol (1,4) 70 21 442 228 1.01 70 21 400 200 T1 --- B D S F1 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7 or 17

Butanediol (2,3) 66 19 356 180 1.00 70 21 350 175 F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butene - See Butylene

Buttermilk --- --- 212 100 --- 32 0 212 100 --- A --- D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,6,12,13,16

Butyl Acetate (N) -159 -106 259 126 0.88 -40 -40 250 120 T1C1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyl Acetate (Sec) -146 -99 244 118 0.89 32 0 235 112 T1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyl Acetate (Tert) --- --- 205 96 0.89 32 0 212 100 T1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyl Acrylate -83 -64 293 145 0.90 -40 -40 300 150 T2F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyl Acrylate (Tert) --- --- 248 120 0.88 -40 -40 300 150 T2F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyl Alcohol (N), <10% -112 -80 244 118 0.81 -4 -20 212 100 T1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyl Alcohol (Sec), <15% -175 -115 212 100 0.80 -4 -20 212 100 T1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyl Alcohol (Tert) 79 26 181 83 0.78 75 24 212 100 T1F2 A B D S F1 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7

Butylamine (N) -56 -49 171 77 0.73 -40 -40 212 100 T2C1F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

 Table of Contents Index 24 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
Bellows

Duplex SS
SELECTION

Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Butylamine (Sec) -155 -104 149 65 0.72 -40 -40 212 100 T2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butylamine (Tert) -90 -68 113 45 0.70 -40 -40 212 100 T2C1F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyl Butyrate -134 -92 331 166 0.87 -4 -20 330 165 T1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Butylene -301 -185 21 -6 0.60 -4 -20 150 65 T1F2 A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Butyraldehyde -146 -99 168 76 0.81 32 0 212 100 F2 --- B D D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Butyric Acid 23 -5 327 164 0.96 32 0 212 100 T1C2F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Calcium Acetate, <30% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5

Calcium Acetate, <60% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,22,29,30

Calcium Bisulfite --- --- --- --- 1.10 32 0 300 150 T1C1 A B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Calcium Bromide 100 38 300 149 2.29 32 0 300 150 --- --- B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,11

Calcium Carbonate, <5% --- --- --- --- 2.90 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5

Calcium Chlorate --- --- 212 100 2.71 32 0 212 100 T1O2E2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,22,25-140,29

Calcium Chloride, <15% 1422 772 2912 1600 2.15 15 -9 140 60 T1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Calcium Chloride, >15% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Calcium Hydroxide, <55% 1076 580 --- --- 2.50 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,17,25-175

Calcium Hypochlorite, <10% 351 177 212 100 2.35 32 0 105 40 T2C1O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Calcium Nitrate 109 43 270 132 1.86 32 0 212 100 T1C1O2E2 --- B --- S F5 T3 Q2 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,25-175,30

Calcium Phosphate (Dibasic) 32 0 228 109 2.30 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,8,13,22,29

Calcium Phosphate (Monobasic) 32 0 212 100 2.20 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,8,13,22,29

Calcium Phosphate (Tribasic) 3038 1670 --- --- 3.18 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,8,13,22,29

Calcium Stearate, <10% 354 179 --- --- 1.03 32 0 212 100 T1F1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29,30

Calcium Sulfate, <10% 2642 1450 --- --- 2.96 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Calgon --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Camphene 122 50 318 159 0.90 120 50 212 100 T1F1 --- B --- -S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

 Table of Contents Index 25 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
Bellows
SELECTION

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Camphene --- --- --- --- --- 212 100 320 160 T1F1 --- B --- S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

Cane Sugar - See Sucrose

Caprolactam 156 69 513 267 1.02 32 0 350 175 T2C1 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6,7,21

Carbamate 120 49 369 187 --- 32 0 360 180 T2C2 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6,7

Carbolic Acid (Phenol) 106 41 360 182 1.07 32 0 350 175 T2C2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7

Carbolic Acid, Dry --- --- --- --- --- 106 41 360 180 T2C2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7,28

Carbon Dioxide, Gas --- --- -110 -79 1.53 -40 -40 80 25 T1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Carbon Dioxide, Liquid --- --- -110 -79 0.83 -40 -40 80 25 T1 A B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Carbonic Acid, <10% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Carbon Monoxide -341 -207 -310 -190 0.80 -40 -40 100 40 T2F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Carbon Tetrachloride -9 -23 171 77 1.58 -4 -20 250 120 T2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Castor Oil 14 -10 595 313 0.96 15 -9 250 120 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Cat Cracker Slurry + H2S 199 93 878 470 --- 150 65 400 200 T2F1 --- B DH D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,3,4,6,(9-Type B),26

Cat Cracker Slurry + H2S --- --- --- --- --- 400 200 600 315 T2F1 --- --- DH D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,3,4,6,26

Cement Slurry 32 0 212 100 --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,8,9,10

Chloric Acid, <10% --- --- 104 40 --- 32 0 70 20 T2C2O2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Chloric Acid, >10% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 100 40 T2C2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29

Chlorine, Gas, Dry -150 -101 -29 -34 2.45 -4 -20 80 25 T3O2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19,28

Chlorine, Liquid -150 -101 -29 -34 1.41 32 0 212 100 T3O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ B 17

Chlorine, Liquid, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 80 25 T3O2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Chlorine Dioxide -76 -60 50 10 --- -40 -40 212 100 T2C2F2O2E2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29

Chloroacetic Acid 144 62 372 189 1.40 32 0 200 93 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,30

Chloroacetic Acid --- --- --- --- --- 200 93 300 150 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,30

Chloroacetone -49 -45 246 119 1.16 32 0 212 100 T2C1F2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,30

Chloroacetone, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 250 120 T2C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

 Table of Contents Index 26 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Chlorobenzene -49 -45 270 132 1.10 32 0 212 100 T1C1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Chlorobenzene, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 270 130 T1C1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Chloroform - See Trichloromethane

Chloropicrin, 100% -92 -69 234 112 1.69 32 0 212 100 T2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Chlorosulfonic Acid, Dry -112 -80 316 158 1.75 -4 -20 315 155 T3C2W2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Chocolate --- --- --- --- --- 85 30 212 100 --- A --- --- S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,7,12,13,15,16

Chromic Acid, <20% 387 197 --- --- 2.70 32 0 120 50 T3C2W1O2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Chromic Acid, <90% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T3C2W1O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29,30

Chromic Chloride 2102 1150 --- --- 1.76 32 0 160 70 T3 --- B --- S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,15,22,27

Chromic Sulfate --- --- --- --- 1.70 32 0 212 100 T2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Citric Acid, <10% 307 153 --- --- 1.54 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Citric Acid, <10% --- --- --- --- --- 140 60 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Citric Acid, <95% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Clay Slurry 32 0 212 100 --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,8

Coal Gas --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 100 40 T2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Coal Slurry --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 350 175 T1C1F1 A B --- S F5 T3 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Coal Tar (Creosote) --- --- 437 225 1.08 32 0 420 215 T3F2C1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9,17

Cocoa Butter 91 33 --- --- 0.90 85 30 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,7,12,13,16

Coconut Oil 77 25 --- --- 0.92 75 24 250 120 --- A B D S F1 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7,13,16

Condensate - See Hot Water

Copper Acetate, <20% 239 115 464 240 1.90 32 0 212 100 T2 A B --- D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Copper Ammonium Acetate, <20% --- --- --- --- 1.80 32 0 150 65 T2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Copper Chloride 1148 620 1819 993 3.38 32 0 140 60 T1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,25-175,29

Copper Cyanide, >10% 887 475 --- --- 2.90 32 0 212 100 T2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Copper Nitrate, <15% 239 115 --- --- 2.07 32 0 212 100 T1O2 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

 Table of Contents Index 27 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
Bellows
SELECTION

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Copper Nitrate, >15% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

Copper Sulfate, <15% 230 110 1207 653 2.28 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Copper Sulfate, <60% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Copper Sulfate, >60% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Corn Oil --- --- 248 120 0.92 15 -9 250 120 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

Corn Mash --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 200 93 --- A B D S F2 T2 Q4 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,6,8

Corn Syrup - See Glucose

Cotton Seed Oil --- --- --- --- 0.92 32 0 250 120 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cresol (M) Isomer 50 10 397 203 1.03 32 0 400 200 T2C1F1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cresol (O) Isomer 88 31 376 191 1.04 32 0 375 190 T2C1F1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cresol (P) Isomer 97 36 396 202 1.04 32 0 400 200 T2C1F1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cresylic Acid 52 11 455 235 1.02 32 0 250 120 T2C1F1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Crude Oil --- --- --- --- 0.90 32 0 400 200 T1F2 A B D S F2 T3 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6

Crude Oil --- --- --- --- --- 400 200 600 315 T1F2 --- --- DH S F2 T3 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,9,11

Cumene - See Isopropyl Benzene

Cutting Oil (Typical) --- --- --- --- 0.80 32 0 250 120 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cyclohexane 43 6 178 81 0.78 45 7 180 80 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cyclohexanedimethanol, CHDM 106 41 547 286 1.03 120 50 250 120 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cyclohexanol 75 24 322 161 0.95 32 0 212 100 T2F1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cyclohexanone -26 -32 315 157 0.90 -26 -32 310 155 T2F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Cyclohexene --- --- 181 83 0.81 50 10 400 200 T1F2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29,30

Debutanizer Reflux --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 150 65 T1F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Decahydronaphthalene -26 -32 367 186 0.89 -4 -20 370 188 T1C1F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Deethanizer Relflux --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 150 65 F2 --- B --- D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

 Table of Contents Index 28 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Depropanizer Reflux --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 150 65 T1F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Detergent (Typical), >15% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dextrose - See Glucose

Diacetone Alcohol -60 -51 336 169 0.94 -4 -20 340 170 T1C1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-175

Diallyl Phthalate -107 -77 374 190 1.12 -4 -20 375 190 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Di-n-butylamine -80 -62 318 159 0.77 32 0 100 40 T2F1 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dibutyl Phthalate -31 -35 644 340 1.05 -4 -20 212 100 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dichlorobenzene (1,2) 1 -17 349 176 1.28 1 -17 350 175 T1F1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ (15,17) or
(22,29,30),25-160
Dichlorobenzene (1,2), Dry --- --- --- --- --- 1 -17 350 175 T1F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Dichlorobenzene (1,4) 127 53 345 174 1.24 125 52 350 175 T1F1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ (15,17) or
(22,29,30),25-212
Dichlorobenzene (1,4), Dry --- --- --- --- --- 125 52 350 175 T1F1 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-212,28

Dichloroethane (1,1) -144 -98 135 57 1.17 -4 -20 150 65 T1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dichloroethane (1,1), Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 150 65 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Dichloroethane (1,2) -33 -36 183 84 1.25 -4 -20 180 82 T2F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Dichloroethane (1,2), Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 180 82 T2F2 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Dichloroethylene (1,1) -189 -123 90 32 1.28 -4 -20 90 32 T2F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Dichloroethylene (1,1), Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 90 32 T2F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Dichloroethylene (1,2) -114 -81 118 48 1.30 -4 -20 125 50 T1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Dichloroethylene (1,2), Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 125 50 T1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Dichlorohydrin 25 -4 345 174 1.36 32 0 212 100 T1F2 A B --- D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Diesel Fuel --- --- 536 280 0.90 32 0 212 100 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Diethanolamine (DEA) 82 28 516 269 1.09 32 0 212 100 T2 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,21

Diethanolamine (DEA) --- --- --- --- --- 212 100 340 170 T2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,21

Diethylamine -58 -50 133 56 0.71 -4 -20 212 100 T2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Diethyl Carbonate -45 -43 259 126 0.97 32 0 125 50 T2F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

 Table of Contents Index 29 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Diethylene Glycol 14 -10 473 245 1.12 14 -10 300 150 T1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Diethyl Ether -177 -116 95 35 0.71 -4 -20 95 35 T1F2O2 --- B D D F4 T3 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Diethyl Phthalate 27 -3 568 298 1.12 -4 -20 420 215 T2C1F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Diethylenetriamine -31 -35 403 206 0.95 32 0 212 100 T2F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Di-isobutyl Ketone -43 -42 334 168 0.81 32 0 212 100 T2 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Di-isopropyl Ketone -112 -80 255 124 0.81 32 0 212 100 F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dimethylamine (DMA) -134 -92 45 7 0.66 -40 -40 212 100 T2F2C1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dimethyl Ether -216 -138 -13 -25 0.71 -20 -30 150 65 T1F2E2 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dimethyl Formamide (DMF) -78 -61 307 153 0.95 -40 -40 300 150 T2C1F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Dimethylhydrazine (UDMM) -71 -57 145 63 0.79 -4 -20 100 40 T3F2C2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dimethyl Phthalate 36 2 540 282 1.19 43 6 420 215 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dimethyl Terephthalate (DMT) 284 140 550 288 1.20 285 140 480 250 C1 --- B DH S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,9,11

Dinitrochlorobenzene (DMCB) 129 54 599 315 1.70 120 50 250 120 T2C1F1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dioctylamine -85 -65 538 281 0.80 32 0 212 100 T2F1 A B D D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Dioctyl Phthalate -58 -50 718 381 0.98 -4 -20 250 120 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Diphenyl - See Biphenyl

Dye Liquors --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 265 130 --- A B D S F3 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Electrophoretic Paint --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- S F1 T2 Q3 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6

Epichlorohydrin -13 -25 239 115 1.17 -4 -20 300 150 T2C2F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethane/Propane Mix --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 150 65 T1F2 A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Epsom Salt - See Magnesium Sulfate

Ethane, Gas -297 -183 -128 -89 1.04 -40 -40 150 65 F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Ethane, Liquid -297 -183 -128 -89 0.44 -40 -40 85 30 F2 --- B --- S F2 T4 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Ethanol (10% Mixture W/Gasoline) --- --- 172 78 0.81 -40 -40 212 100 T1F2 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

 Table of Contents Index 30 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Ethanolamine (MEA) 52 11 340 171 1.02 32 0 340 170 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethyl Acetate -119 -84 171 77 0.90 -4 -20 212 100 T1C1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethyl Acetic Acid - See Butyric Acid

Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol) -179 -117 172 78 0.81 -40 -40 170 75 C1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethylamine -114 -81 63 17 0.68 -40 -40 212 100 T2C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethylbenzene -139 -95 277 136 0.87 -4 -20 300 150 T1C1F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethyl Bromide -182 -119 102 39 1.47 -40 -40 100 40 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethyl Carbinol --- --- 206 97 0.80 -40 -40 212 100 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethyl Carbonate --- --- 212 100 0.99 32 0 350 175 T2C2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

Ethyl Carbonic Acid --- --- 285 141 0.99 -4 -20 212 100 T1C2F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethyl Chloride -222 -141 55 13 0.92 -40 -40 150 65 T1C1F2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,27

Ethyl Chloride, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 80 25 T1C1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Ethylene, Gas -272 -169 -155 -104 0.97 -40 -40 80 25 F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,19

Ethylene, Liquid -272 -169 -155 -104 0.42 -40 -40 45 7 F2 --- B --- D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,14

Ethylene Dichloride - See Dichloro Ethane (1,2)

Ethylene Glycol 7 -14 387 197 1.10 9 -13 300 150 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethylene Oxide -168 -111 52 11 0.87 -40 -40 200 93 T2C1F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethylene Trichloride - See Trichloroethylene

Ethyl Ether - see Diethyl Ether

Ethyl Formate -110 -79 129 54 0.92 -4 -20 212 100 T1C1F2E2 A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Ethyl Phthalate - See Diethyl Phthalate

Ethyl Sulfate - See Diethyl Sulfate

Ferric Chloride 582 306 606 319 2.89 32 0 125 50 T2C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

Ferric Dimethyldithiocarbamate (Ferbam) 356 180 --- --- --- 32 0 365 185 T2C2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

 Table of Contents Index 31 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Ferric Hydroxide 932 500 --- --- 3.50 32 0 175 80 --- B --- S F3 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Ferric Nitrate 117 47 257 125 1.68 32 0 140 60 O2 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ferric Sulfate, <15% 896 480 --- --- 2.10 32 0 212 100 T1 A B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Ferrous Chloride, <50% 1245 674 1837 1003 1.93 32 0 175 80 --- --- B --- S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29,30

Ferrous Sulfate 147 64 --- --- 1.89 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B --- S F1 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,25-175,29,30

Fluosilicic Acid, <60% 3 -16 221 105 1.46 32 0 75 23 C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,17,22,27

Formaldehyde, 37% --- --- 205 96 1.06 -40 -40 200 93 T2C1F1 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Formamide 37 3 410 210 1.13 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Formic Acid 46 8 214 101 1.21 32 0 70 20 T2C2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Formic Acid --- --- --- --- --- 70 21 150 65 T2C2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Fruit (Juice & Pulp), Typical --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,13,16

Fuel Gas --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 80 25 F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Fuel Oil #5 & #6 199 93 878 470 --- 32 0 400 200 F1 A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,7,11

Fumaric Acid 572 300 --- --- 1.63 32 0 212 100 T1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Furfural, <15% -33 -36 324 162 1.16 32 0 212 100 T2C1 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 6

Furfural, >15% --- --- --- --- --- -33 -36 320 160 T2C1F1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 6,22,29

Furfuryl Alcohol -24 -31 340 171 1.13 32 0 212 100 T1O2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Gas Oil, (Atm., Heavy, Heavy Atm., Heavy Coker, Heavy Vacuum, --- --- --- --- .62-.98 60 15 350 175 F2 A B DH S F1 T3 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2
Light, Light Atm., Light Coker, Light Vacuum, Medium)
Gas Oil, (Atm., Heavy, Heavy Atm., Heavy Coker, Heavy Vacuum, --- --- --- --- .62-.98 350 175 750 400 F2 --- --- DH S F2 T4 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,9
Light, Light Atm., Light Coker, Light Vacuum, Medium)

Gasoline --- --- 104 40 0.80 32 0 160 70 F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Gasoline w/20% MTBE --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 160 70 F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Gelatin --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,12,13,16

Glucose 295 146 --- --- 1.54 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6,13,16,21

Glue --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,6

 Table of Contents Index 32 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Glycerine (Glycerol) 64 18 554 290 1.30 32 0 400 200 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Green Liquor, Sulfate --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5

Gypsum Slurry 325 163 --- --- 2.30 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,8,9,10,21

Heat Transfer Fluids (Calflo, Dowtherm, Duratherm, Mobiltherm, --- --- --- --- --- 50 10 400 200 T1 A B DH S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2
Multitherm, Paratherm, Texatherm, Thermex, Thermina, Therminol, Ucon)
Heat Transfer Fluids (Calflo, Dowtherm, Duratherm, Mobiltherm, --- --- --- --- --- 400 200 750 400 T1 --- --- DH S F2 T4 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,9
Multitherm, Paratherm, Texatherm, Thermex, Thermina, Therminol, Ucon)

Helium, Gas -458 -272 -452 -269 --- -40 -40 200 93 --- A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Heptane, Liquid -132 -91 208 98 0.68 -40 -40 300 150 T1F1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Hexane, Liquid -139 -95 156 69 0.65 -40 -40 212 100 T1C1F1 A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Hexanol (Hexyl Alcohol) -61 -52 277 136 0.82 32 0 200 93 C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Hydraulic Oil --- --- 752 400 0.80 32 0 250 120 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Hydrazine 36 2 237 114 1.00 32 0 240 115 T3C2F2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Hydrobromic Acid, <45% 14 -10 252 122 1.49 -4 -20 212 100 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29,30

Hydrobromic Acid, <68% --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 212 100 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29

Hydrochloric Acid, See DSK-7076 -94 -70 230 110 1.19 -4 -20 220 105 T2C2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 19,21

Hydrocyanic Acid, <15% 9 -13 79 26 0.69 -4 -20 212 100 T2C2F2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 17

Hydrofluoric Acid, See DSK-7077 32 0 212 100 1.50 32 0 240 115 T3C2 --- B D D F5 T4 Q2 1

Hydrogen, Gas -434 -259 -423 -253 0.07 -40 -40 200 93 F2E2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Hydrogen Chloride Gas, <40% -173 -114 -121 -85 1.27 -4 -20 230 110 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ B 22,29

Hydrogen Chloride, Dry Gas --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 80 25 T2C2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Hydrogen Cyanide, <15% 8 -13 79 26 0.69 -4 -20 212 100 T2C2F2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ B

Hydrogen Nitrate - See Nitric Acid

Hydrogen Peroxide, <30% 28 -2 304 151 1.50 -4 -20 70 20 T1C2O1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Hydrogen Peroxide, <85% --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 212 100 T1C2O2 E B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29,30

Hydrogen Sulfide -119 -84 -76 -60 1.20 -4 -20 212 100 T2C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19,25-140

 Table of Contents Index 33 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Hydrogen Sulfide, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 212 100 T2C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19,25-140,28

Hydroxylamine 91 33 158 70 1.22 -4 -20 120 50 C1O2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Hypochlorous Acid, <10% 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 212 100 C1O1 E --- --- S F1 T1 Q7 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Iodine (wet) 235 113 363 184 4.98 32 0 100 40 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Iodoform 239 115 424 218 4.08 32 0 125 50 T1C1O2 --- B D S F2 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Isobutane, Liquid -254 -159 10 -12 0.56 -40 -40 200 93 F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Isobutyl Acetate -182 -119 241 116 0.87 -40 -40 200 93 F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Isobutyl Alcohol -162 -108 225 107 0.80 -40 -40 225 105 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Isobutene -218 -139 19 -7 0.60 32 0 280 138 F2 --- B --- D F2 T3 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Isobutyraldehyde -87 -66 147 64 0.79 -4 -20 200 93 T1F2C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Isopentane -255 -159 82 28 0.62 -4 -20 360 180 T1F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Isoprene -230 -146 93 34 0.68 -40 -40 250 120 C1F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Isopropyl Acetate -99 -73 192 89 0.87 -4 -20 212 100 T1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Isopropyl Alcohol (Isopropanol) -126 -88 226 108 0.78 -4 -20 212 100 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Isopropyl Benzene (Cumene) -141 -96 307 153 0.86 -4 -20 212 100 T1C1F1 E B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ B 22,29,30

Isopropyl Amine -139 -95 90 32 0.69 -4 -20 212 100 T2F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Isopropyl Ether -121 -85 154 68 0.72 -4 -20 160 70 T2C1F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Jet Fuel JP-3, 4, 5, 6, 8 --- --- 338 170 0.80 32 0 212 100 F1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Jet Fuel JP-9, 10 --- --- 338 170 0.80 32 0 212 100 F1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Kaolin (clay) Slurry 3155 1735 --- --- 2.60 32 0 150 65 --- A B --- S F5 T2 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,8

Kerosene --- --- 464 240 0.81 32 0 300 150 T1C1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Kerosene --- --- --- --- --- 300 150 570 300 T1C1F1 --- --- DH S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9,11

 Table of Contents Index 34 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Ketchup --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,13,16

Lactic Acid, <70% 64 18 252 122 1.20 32 0 105 40 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Lactic Acid, >70% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 250 120 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Lard 102 39 --- --- --- 100 40 250 120 --- A --- D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7,11,13,16

Latex Emulsion --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 250 120 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Lauric Acid 111 44 437 225 0.88 100 40 250 120 T1F1 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,11

Lauric Acid --- --- --- --- --- 250 120 420 215 T1F1 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,11

Lead Acetate 167 75 536 280 2.50 32 0 212 100 T2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29

Lead Chloride 928 498 1742 950 5.88 32 0 212 100 T2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,30

Lead Nitrate --- --- 878 470 4.53 32 0 212 100 T2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,25-175,30

Lime Slurry, <50%, See Calcium Hydroxide

Linoleic Acid 12 -11 446 230 0.91 12 -11 420 215 T1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Linseed Oil --- --- --- --- 0.92 32 0 300 150 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,11,25-212

Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) --- --- --- --- .42-.60 -4 -20 120 50 F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) --- --- --- --- .46-.70 -4 -20 180 82 F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Lithium Bromide 1017 547 2309 1265 3.46 32 0 120 50 C1 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Lithium Chloride 1137 614 2480 1360 2.07 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ G 5,22,25-120,27

Lithium Hydroxide 878 470 1695 924 2.54 32 0 212 100 C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Lubricating Oil --- --- 644 340 0.90 -4 -20 250 120 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Magnesium Chloride, <33% 1306 708 2574 1412 2.32 32 0 230 110 T1C1W1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Magnesium Hydroxide, <10% 662 350 --- --- 2.36 32 0 140 60 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,11

Magnesium Hydroxide, >10% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,11

Magnesium Nitrate 212 100 --- --- 1.45 32 0 150 65 O2 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

 Table of Contents Index 35 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Magnesium Sulfate, <5% 2055 1124 --- --- 2.65 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Magnesium Sulfate, <40% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-175

Maleic Acid, >15% 266 130 --- --- 1.59 32 0 212 100 T1C2 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ C-22 5,11,22,29

Maleic Anhydride 127 53 392 200 0.93 32 0 212 100 T2C2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Malic Acid 262 128 --- --- 1.60 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Malonic Acid 277 136 --- --- 1.62 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Manganese Chloride, <50% 1202 650 2174 1190 2.98 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Melamine 653 345 --- --- 1.57 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Melamine Resin --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T2C1F1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6

Mercaptan, Amyl -105 -76 255 124 0.80 -4 -20 250 120 T2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Butyl -265 -165 185 85 0.80 -4 -20 185 85 T2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Cetyl 64 18 302 150 0.90 64 18 300 150 T1C1F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Decyl -15 -26 237 114 0.80 -4 -20 240 115 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Ethyl -186 -121 97 36 0.80 -4 -20 100 40 T2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Heptyl -45 -43 351 177 0.80 -4 -20 350 175 F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Hexyl -114 -81 307 153 0.80 -4 -20 310 155 T2F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Lauryl 18 -8 239 115 0.80 19 -7 240 115 T2C2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Methyl -189 -123 46 8 0.90 -4 -20 80 25 T2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Nonyl -4 -20 428 220 0.90 -4 -20 420 215 T1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Octyl -56 -49 390 199 0.80 -4 -20 390 200 F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Propyl -171 -113 153 67 0.80 -4 -20 155 65 T2F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Mercaptan, Stearyl 84 29 408 209 0.80 85 30 400 200 F2 --- B D S F1 T2 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7,28

Mercuric Chloride 529 276 577 303 5.44 32 0 212 100 T2F2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,25-160,29

Mercury -38 -39 673 356 13.60 32 0 125 50 T2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Mesityl Oxide -63 -53 268 131 0.86 -4 -20 330 165 T1F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

 Table of Contents Index 36 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Methane, Gas -297 -183 -260 -162 0.55 -40 -40 80 25 F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Methyl Acetate -103 -75 135 57 0.92 -4 -20 212 100 T1F2O2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methanol (Methyl Alcohol) -144 -98 149 65 0.79 -4 -20 212 100 T1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methyl Acrylate (Monomer) -101 -74 178 81 0.95 32 0 120 50 T2F2C1 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methyl Benzene - See Toluene

Methyl Benzoate 10 -12 390 199 1.09 10 -12 400 200 T1F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methyl Bromide -137 -94 37 3 1.73 -4 -20 80 25 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 304 ✔

Methyl Bromide, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 80 25 T2C2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Methyl Butyrate -134 -92 216 102 0.89 -4 -20 212 100 F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methyl Chloride, Dry -144 -98 -11 -24 0.92 -4 -20 80 25 T1F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) -123 -86 176 80 0.80 -4 -20 175 80 T1F2 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-160

Methyl Formate -148 -100 90 32 0.98 -4 -20 212 100 T1F2 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,27

Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK) -121 -85 241 116 0.80 -40 -40 140 60 T1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methyl Methacrylate -54 -48 214 101 0.94 -4 -20 212 100 T1C1F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methyl Oxirane - See Propylene Oxide

Methyl Propionate -126 -88 174 79 0.94 -4 -20 212 100 F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methyl Tert-Butyl-Ether (MTBE) -166 -110 131 55 0.74 -40 -40 212 100 T1F2 --- B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methylene Chloride (Dichloride) -143 -97 104 40 1.32 -4 -20 160 70 T2C1F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Methylene Chloride (Dichloride), Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 100 40 T2C1F1 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Milk --- --- 212 100 --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16 or 15

Mineral Oil --- --- 644 340 0.80 -4 -20 400 200 --- A B DH S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Mineral Spirits - See Naptha

Molasses --- --- --- --- --- 120 50 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,7,13,16

Monoethanolamine - See Ethanolamine

Muriatic Acid - See Hydrochloric Acid

 Table of Contents Index 37 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Naphtha, Coal Tar --- --- 460 238 0.90 32 0 400 200 T1F1 A B DH S F2 T3 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 11

Naphtha, Coal Tar --- --- --- --- --- 400 200 600 315 T1F1 --- --- DH S F2 T3 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9,11

Naphtha, Petroleum -99 -73 140 60 0.60 -4 -20 250 120 F2 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Naphtha, Printers -76 -60 248 120 0.70 -4 -20 250 120 F2 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Naphthalene 178 81 424 218 0.98 178 81 400 200 T2C1F1 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 6,7

Natural Gas --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 80 25 F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Nickel Chloride, <80% 1834 1001 --- --- 3.55 32 0 212 100 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-175

Nickel Sulfate --- --- 217 103 2.03 32 0 212 100 T3C2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-175

Nitric Acid, See DSK-7078 -44 -42 172 78 1.50 -4 -20 220 105 T2C2O2 A B D S F1 T1 Q2 19

Nitrobenzene 43 6 412 211 1.19 43 6 410 210 T3C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 23

Nitroethane, Dry -58 -50 237 114 1.05 0 -18 80 25 F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Nitrogen, Gas -344 -209 -321 -196 0.97 -40 -40 80 25 --- A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Nitrogen, Liquid --- --- --- --- 0.81 -400 -240 -240 -150 --- --- C D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ (Type 285)

Nitrohydrochloric Acid --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T2C2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,30

Nitromethane -20 -29 214 101 1.14 32 0 212 100 T1F1E2 --- B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7

Nitropropane -135 -93 248 120 0.99 -4 -20 250 120 T2F2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Nitrous Acid --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Nonyl Phenol 28 -2 565 296 0.95 14 -10 400 200 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Octyl Phenol 163 73 536 280 0.90 32 0 212 100 T1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Oleic Acid 55 13 554 290 0.90 39 4 300 150 T1C1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Oleum 37 3 554 290 1.84 32 0 195 90 T1C2W2 E --- --- S F2 T1 Q7 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,27

Oleum --- --- --- --- --- 195 91 300 150 T1C2W2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,27

Olive Oil 21 -6 --- --- 0.91 21 -6 250 120 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

 Table of Contents Index 38 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Oxalic Acid, <10% 216 102 320 160 1.70 32 0 212 100 T2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Oxygen, Gas -360 -218 -297 -183 1.10 -40 -40 80 25 --- A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Oxygen, Liquid -360 -218 -297 -183 1.14 -320 -196 -190 -120 --- --- C D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ (Type 285)

Ozone, <12% -314 -192 -170 -112 1.60 -40 -40 195 90 T2C1F1O2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Paint, Oil Based --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1F2 A B D S F2 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4

Paint, Water Based 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,5,6

Palm Oil 86 30 --- --- 0.95 85 30 250 120 --- A B D S F2 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,7,11

Palmitic Acid 145 63 666 352 0.84 145 63 400 200 T1 A B D S F1 T1 Q3 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7,11,25-175

Paper Coating Solution --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,11,21

Paper Sizing Solution --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,12,21

Paper Stock, <3% --- --- 212 100 --- 32 0 140 60 --- A B --- -S F1 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

Paper Stock, <6% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

Paraffin, Molten 150 66 --- --- 0.91 32 0 250 120 T1F2 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7,11

Paraformaldehyde, <30% 347 175 --- --- 1.45 32 0 300 150 T2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,6

Paraldehyde 55 13 257 125 0.99 32 0 200 93 T1F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Peanut Oil 37 3 --- --- 0.90 37 3 250 120 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

Penicillin --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 80 25 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

Pentane -202 -130 97 36 0.62 -4 -20 212 100 T1F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Perchloric Acid, <70% -170 -112 66 19 1.76 -4 -20 212 100 T1C2O2E2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,30

Perchloroethylene -8 -22 250 121 1.62 -4 -20 250 120 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Petroleum Ether - See Naphta

Petroleum Oil --- --- --- --- 0.85 32 0 400 200 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Phenol -See Carbolic Acid

Phenylacetic Acid 171 77 511 266 1.08 170 75 400 200 T1C1 --- B D S F1 T1 Q5 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,12,25-200

 Table of Contents Index 39 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Phosgene -198 -128 46 8 1.39 -4 -20 80 25 T3 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Phosphoric Acid, Pure, <60% 108 42 316 158 1.90 32 0 175 80 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Phosphoric Acid, Pure, >60% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 105 40 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Phosphoric Acid, Pure, >60% --- --- --- --- --- 100 40 212 100 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Phosphoric Acid, Slurry, <35% 108 42 212 100 1.80 32 0 175 80 T1C1 A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,8,9,10,24

Phosphoric Acid, Super (72% P2O5) --- --- 316 158 --- 320 160 400 200 T1C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Phosphoric Acid, Contaminated, <35% 108 42 212 100 1.90 32 0 175 80 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Phosphorous Oxychloride 34 1 225 107 1.65 32 0 212 100 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Phosphorous Trichloride -170 -112 169 76 --- -4 -20 150 65 T2C2O2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Phthalate Ester --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- C D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Phthalic Acid 376 191 --- --- 1.58 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Phthalic Anhydride 268 131 545 285 1.57 265 130 400 200 T2C2O2 --- B DH D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7

Picric Acid, <15% 251 122 572 300 1.76 32 0 212 100 T2C1E2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Pine Oil --- --- 410 210 0.90 32 0 250 120 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Pine Soap (Paper Industry) --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T1 Q3 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7

Piperylene -222 -141 111 44 0.69 -4 -20 225 105 F2C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Pitch --- --- --- --- --- 300 150 650 340 --- --- C DH S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,3,4,6,9,11

Polyethylene Slurry --- --- 464 240 .45-.70 70 21 250 120 --- A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6

Polyethylene Glycol --- --- --- --- 1.07 10 -12 400 200 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Polypropylene Slurry --- --- --- --- .40-.60 0 -18 300 150 F2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6

Polystyrene --- --- --- --- 0.82 100 40 500 260 --- A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4

Polyvinyl Acetate, Slurry --- --- --- --- 1.19 32 0 300 150 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,21

Polyvinyl Alcohol --- --- 442 228 1.31 32 0 350 175 --- A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7

Polyvinyl Chloride --- --- --- --- 1.40 32 0 300 150 T2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3

Potassium Bicarbonate, <30% 248 120 --- --- 2.17 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

 Table of Contents Index 40 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Potassium Bromide, <80% 1346 730 2615 1435 2.75 32 0 160 70 T1C1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Potassium Carbonate (Potash), <20% 1636 891 --- --- 2.29 32 0 140 60 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,17,21

Potassium Carbonate (Potash), >20% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 250 120 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,17,21

Potassisum Chlorate, <25% 673 356 752 400 2.32 32 0 70 20 T1C1E2 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Potassisum Chlorate, >25% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C1E2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Potassium Chloride 1422 772 2588 1420 1.98 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-175

Potassium Cyanide 1173 634 2957 1625 1.52 32 0 212 100 T3C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,30

Potassium Dichromate, <55% 748 398 932 500 2.67 32 0 212 100 T3C2O2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Potassium Hydroxide, <10% 680 360 2408 1320 2.04 32 0 140 60 C2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,21

Potassium Hydroxide, <10% --- --- --- --- --- 140 60 212 100 C2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,21

Potassium Hydroxide, <50% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,21

Potassium Hydroxide, >50% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,21,22,27

Potassium Nitrate 633 334 752 400 2.11 32 0 212 100 T1O2 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,25-140,29

Potassium Permanganate, <10% 464 240 --- --- 2.70 32 0 70 20 T1O2 A B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Potassium Permanganate, >10% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,25-140,27

Potassium Phosphate (Tribasic) 2444 1340 --- --- 2.56 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Potassium Sulfate, <25% 1962 1072 --- --- 2.66 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Propane, Gas -310 -190 -45 -43 1.52 -40 -40 80 25 T1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Propane, Liquid -310 -190 -45 -43 0.50 -40 -40 200 93 T1F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Propionaldehyde -114 -81 118 48 0.80 -20 -30 150 65 T2O2C2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Propionic Acid -8 -22 286 141 0.99 -4 -20 300 150 T1C2F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Propyl Acetate -141 -96 216 102 0.89 32 0 150 65 F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Propyl Alcohol (Propanol) -197 -127 207 97 0.80 -40 -40 212 65 T1F2 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Propylene -301 -185 -54 -48 0.51 -4 -20 150 65 T1F2 --- B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 14

Propylene Carbonate -58 -50 468 242 1.20 -4 -20 100 40 T1C1O1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

 Table of Contents Index 41 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Propylene Glycol -76 -60 369 187 1.04 -40 -40 300 150 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Propylene Oxide -170 -112 93 34 0.83 -40 -40 300 150 T3C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Pyridine (Chlorinated) -44 -42 241 116 0.98 -4 -20 212 100 T2C1F2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Quenching Oil --- --- 500 260 0.80 32 0 400 200 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,11

Rapeseed Oil 21 -6 --- --- 0.90 22 -5 250 120 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7,13,16

Red Liquor --- --- --- --- 1.00 32 0 250 120 T1C1 A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,5,6

Refrigerant 11 (CFC) -168 -111 75 24 1.49 -4 -20 80 25 T1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Refrigerant 12 (CFC) -252 -158 21 -6 1.33 -40 -40 70 20 T1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Refrigerant 13 (CFC) -294 -181 -114 -81 1.12 -40 -40 70 20 T1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Refrigerant 22 (HCFC) -256 -160 -41 -41 1.21 -40 -40 70 20 T1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Refrigerant 113 (CFC) -31 -35 118 48 1.47 -30 -35 120 50 T1C1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Refrigerant 114 (CFC) -294 -181 39 4 1.47 -40 -40 80 25 T1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Refrigerant 134A (HFC) -142 -97 -15 -26 1.22 -4 -20 70 20 T1C1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Refrigerant 502 (CFC) --- --- -50 -46 1.26 -40 -40 70 20 T1 A B D S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

R-12 & Mineral Oil / Alkybenzene --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 200 93 T1 A --- D S F1 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 18

R-22 & Mineral Oil / Alkybenzene --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 200 93 T1 A --- D S F1 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 18

R-134A & Polyol Ester --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 200 93 T1 A --- D S F1 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 18

R-404A & Polyol Ester --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 200 93 T1 A --- D S F1 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 18

R-502 & Mineral Oil / Alkybenzene --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 200 93 T1 A --- D S F1 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 18

Resin, Natural --- --- --- --- 1.50 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7,11

Resin, Natural --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 400 200 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7,11

Rosin, Paper Mill --- --- --- --- --- 70 20 450 230 T1 A B DH S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 6,7,9,21

Rosin Size --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 450 230 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9,21

 Table of Contents Index 42 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Salicylic Acid 318 159 412 211 1.44 32 0 200 93 T1 A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,6

Sewage, Sludge --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

Sewage, Treated --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

Silicate Slurry --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,21

Silicon Tetrachloride -94 -70 136 58 1.48 -40 -40 135 55 T1C1W2 --- C --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Silicon Tetrachloride, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -40 -40 70 20 T1C1W2 --- C D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Silicone Fluid -58 -50 482 250 --- -4 -20 400 200 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Silicone Fluid --- --- --- --- --- 400 200 500 260 --- --- --- DH S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9,11

Silver Chloride 833 445 2822 1550 5.56 32 0 100 40 C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Silver Nitrate, <70% 414 212 --- --- 4.33 32 0 70 20 T1C2O2 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Silver Nitrate, >70% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C2O2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Soap Liquors --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Sodium Acetate, <10% 615 324 --- --- 1.53 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,12

Sodium Acetate, >10% --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,12

Sodium Bicarbonate 140 60 --- --- 2.16 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- D F2 T1 Q6 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13,16,25-175

Sodium Bisulfate, <10% 136 58 --- --- 2.10 32 0 140 60 C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,12

Sodium Bisulfate, >10% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,29

Sodium Bisulfite, <50% --- --- --- --- 1.48 32 0 70 20 T1C1 A B --- S F1 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,12,13,25-175

Sodium Bisulfite, >50% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,25-175,29

Sodium Borate (Borax) 167 75 --- --- 1.73 32 0 212 100 T1 A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5

Sodium Borohydride 752 400 --- --- 1.08 32 0 212 100 T1F2W1E2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Sodium Bromide 1391 755 2534 1390 3.21 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Sodium Carbonate, (Soda Ash) 1564 851 --- --- 2.53 32 0 212 100 T1 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13,25-175

Sodium Chlorate, <90% 478 248 572 300 2.50 32 0 85 30 F2O2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,11

 Table of Contents Index 43 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Sodium Chlorate, <90% --- --- --- --- 85 30 180 82 F2O2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Chloride, <5% 1474 801 --- --- 2.16 32 0 180 82 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Chloride, >30% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Chromate 68 20 --- --- 1.48 32 0 200 93 T2C2O2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Cyanide 1047 564 2725 1496 1.60 32 0 100 40 T2 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Cyanide --- --- --- --- --- 100 40 230 110 T2 --- B --- D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Dichromate, <20% 674 357 --- --- 2.50 32 0 212 100 T2C1 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Ferricyanide --- --- --- --- 1.46 32 0 200 93 --- --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Sodium Formate, <40% 487 253 --- --- 1.92 32 0 180 82 T1C1O1 A B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Hydrosulfide, <50% 127 53 --- --- 1.00 32 0 212 100 F1C1 A B --- S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,12

Sodium Hydrosulfide, >50% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 F1C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,17,22,27

Sodium Hydrosulfite 131 55 --- --- 2.20 32 0 212 100 T1C1W1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,17,22,27

Sodium Hydroxide, See DSK-7075 604 318 --- --- 2.10 32 0 300 150 T1C1 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 5,19,21

Sodium Hypochlorite, <20% 77 25 213 101 1.16 32 0 212 100 T1C2O2 --- B --- S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7

Sodium Metasilicate 1992 1089 --- --- 2.61 32 0 120 50 T2 A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Nitrate, <90% 586 308 716 380 2.26 32 0 212 100 T1O2E2 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Sodium Nitrite, <70% 520 271 608 320 2.16 32 0 212 100 T2O2E2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Perchlorate 900 482 --- --- 2.02 32 0 212 100 F2O2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic, <20% 199 93 --- --- 2.06 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic, <70% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic 212 100 --- --- 2.04 32 0 212 100 T1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Phosphate, Tribasic 167 75 --- --- 1.62 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7

Sodium Silicate --- --- --- --- 1.2-1.7 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,25-140

Sodium Sulfate, <5% 1630 888 --- --- 2.67 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Sodium Sulfate, >5% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

 Table of Contents Index 44 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Sodium Sulfide, <20% 2156 1180 --- --- 1.42 32 0 100 40 T1C2F2W1 A B D D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7 or 17

Sodium Sulfide, >20% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C2F2W1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Sodium Sulfite, <50% --- --- --- --- 2.63 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Thiocyanate, <90% 549 287 --- --- >1.0 32 0 250 120 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-140

Sodium Thiosulfate, <15% 109 43 --- --- 1.67 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Sodium Thiosulfate, >15% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 C1 A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,12 or 17

Sorbitol, Surfactants 207 97 563 295 1.28 32 0 350 175 --- A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Soybean Oil 72 22 --- --- 0.90 70 20 250 120 --- A B D S F1 T1 Q3 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7,11,13

Stannic Chloride, Anhydrous -26 -32 237 114 2.24 32 0 212 100 T1C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-140

Starch --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,13

Steam - Consult John Crane Engineering

Stearic Acid 158 70 682 361 0.94 160 70 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q3 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,6,7

Stearic Acid --- --- --- --- --- 212 100 400 200 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,6,11

Stoddard Solvent --- --- 374 190 0.78 32 0 212 100 T1F1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Stoddard Solvent --- --- --- --- --- 212 100 480 250 T1F1C1 --- --- D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9,11

Styrene (Monomer) -23 -31 293 145 0.91 60 16 300 150 T1F1 --- B D S F1 T1 Q3 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Succinic Acid 370 188 455 235 1.55 32 0 175 80 T1 A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Sugar, Carbonated Juice, <55% --- --- --- --- --- 140 60 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,13,16

Sugar, Clear Juice, <50% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 160 70 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,13,16

Sugar, Dense Liquor, 100% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 70 20 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,4,6,8,9,10,13

Sugar, Diffuser Juice, <55% --- --- --- --- --- 140 60 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,13,16

Sugar, Limed Juice, <55% --- --- --- --- --- 140 60 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,13,16

Sugar, Molten --- --- --- --- 1.60 120 50 212 100 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,7,13,16

Sugar, Syrup, <80% --- --- --- --- 1.30 140 60 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,13,16

Sulfamic Acid 401 205 --- --- 2.10 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B --- S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7

 Table of Contents Index 45 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Sulfolane 81 27 545 285 1.26 32 0 375 191 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Sulfonated Oil --- --- --- --- 3.00 32 0 212 100 F2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Sulfur, Molten 241 116 833 445 2.10 280 138 300 150 F1 A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 7,11

Sulfur Chloride -105 -76 280 138 1.69 -4 -20 280 140 T1C2W2 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Sulfur Dioxide, Dry -105 -76 14 -10 1.40 -4 -20 212 100 T2C1O2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,25-140,28

Sulfuric Acid - See DSK-7079 37 3 554 290 1.84 32 0 70 20 C2W2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2

Sulfurous Acid --- --- --- --- 1.03 32 0 212 100 T2C2 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Tall Oil --- --- --- --- 0.81 32 0 400 200 F1 --- B D S F1 T2 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,6

Tallow 95 35 --- --- 0.86 95 35 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T1 Q3 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7

Tannic Acid 410 210 --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q3 ✔ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-140

Tar (Coal) --- --- 437 225 1.10 32 0 400 200 T1C1F1 A B D S F2 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5

Tartaric Acid, <20% 338 170 410 210 1.76 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Tartaric Acid, >20% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,13

Teepol --- --- --- --- 1.00 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Terephthalic Acid, Slurry 801 427 402 206 1.51 32 0 212 100 O2 A B D S F1 T2 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5

Tetrachloroethane -45 -43 297 147 1.58 -4 -20 300 150 T3C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Tetrachloroethane, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 300 150 T3C1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Tetrachloroethylene - See Perchloroethylene

Tetraethyl lead 277 136 396 202 1.65 -4 -20 300 150 T2F2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) -85 -65 151 66 0.88 -4 -20 212 100 T1C1F2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Tetralin (Tetrahydrobenzene) -32 -36 404 207 0.97 300 150 600 315 T1F2 --- --- DH S F2 T3 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9,11

Thinners, Cellulose Lacquer --- --- 406 208 --- 32 0 400 200 T1F2 --- C D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Thinners, Oil Paint -58 -50 324 162 0.90 -4 -20 325 165 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Titanium Dioxide Slurry 3375 1857 --- --- 4.20 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,8,9,10

 Table of Contents Index 46 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Titanium Tertachloride -13 -25 277 136 1.76 -4 -20 250 120 C2W2 --- B --- S F5 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,27

Toluene -139 -95 232 111 0.87 -4 -20 212 100 T1C1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Toluene Diisocyanate 54 12 484 251 1.22 32 0 320 160 T2C1O2 --- B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Transformer Oil --- --- 446 230 0.90 32 0 400 200 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-160

Transmission Fluid --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Trichloroacetic Acid, <50% 135 57 387 197 1.63 32 0 212 100 T1C2 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Trichlorobenzene, Dry 63 17 415 213 1.46 32 0 300 150 T1C1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Trichloroethane, Dry -26 -32 165 74 1.34 -4 -20 165 75 T1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Trichloroethylene -99 -73 189 87 1.46 -4 -20 190 88 T2C1 --- B --- D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 22,29

Trichloroethylene, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 190 88 T2C1 A B --- D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Trichloromethane -83 -64 142 61 1.48 -4 -20 140 60 T3C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Trichloromethane, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 140 60 T3C1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Tricresyl Phosphate -31 -35 770 410 1.16 -4 -20 400 200 T1C1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-175

Triethanolamine (TEA) 70 21 635 335 1.25 32 0 400 200 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-160

Triethylamine --- --- 193 89 0.73 -40 -40 212 100 T2C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Triethylene Glycol (TEG) 19 -7 549 287 1.13 -4 -20 400 200 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Tung Oil 88 31 --- --- 0.94 88 30 400 200 --- A B D S F1 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,7,11

Turpentine --- --- 324 162 0.87 32 0 325 165 T1F2 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Urea, <5% 275 135 --- --- 1.34 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T2 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Urea, >5% --- --- --- --- --- 140 60 300 150 --- A B --- S F2 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,5

Varnish (Resin) --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 500 260 T1F2 A B DH D F2 T1 Q6 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 4,9

Vegetable Juice --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

Vegetable Oil --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 250 120 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

 Table of Contents Index 47 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
Vinegar 63 17 244 118 1.00 32 0 240 115 C1 A B D -S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

Vinyl Acetate -148 -100 163 73 0.93 -4 -20 230 110 T2C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Vinyl Chloride, Gas -256 -160 7 -14 --- 5 -15 80 25 T3C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Vinyl Chloride, Gas, Dry --- --- --- --- --- 5 -15 80 25 T3C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 19

Vinyl Chloride, Liquid -256 -160 9 -13 0.91 -4 -20 150 65 T3C1F2 A B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21

Vinyl Chloride, Liquid, Dry --- --- --- --- --- -4 -20 150 65 T3C1F2 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 28

Water, Boiler Feed 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 265 130 --- A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-275

Water, Boiler Feed 32 0 212 100 1.00 265 130 500 260 --- A B --- S F2 T4 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,9

Water, Borated 32 0 32 0 »1.0 32 0 350 175 --- A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-275

Water, Chlorinated, (<500 PPM) 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 250 120 T1 A B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Water, Clean 32 0 32 0 1.00 32 0 250 120 --- A B --- S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Water, Condensate 32 0 32 0 1.00 32 0 400 200 --- A B --- S F2 T4 Q2 ✔ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2,9,25-275

Cooling Tower Water 32 0 212 100 --- 32 0 300 150 --- A B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Water, Deionized, Distilled 32 0 32 0 1.00 32 0 350 175 --- A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-275

Water, Fresh River or Lake 32 0 32 0 1.00 32 0 180 82 --- A B D S F2 T3 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Water, Heavy 32 0 32 0 »1.1 32 0 350 175 --- A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Water, Injection 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 212 100 --- --- B --- S F2 T3 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Water, Produced 32 0 212 100 »1.1 32 0 250 120 --- A B --- S F2 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,8,9

Water, Potable (Drinking) 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 175 80 --- A B --- S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Water, Sea (20,000 mg/l CI ion Max) 27 -3 214 101 »1.02 32 0 250 120 --- A B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Water, Sour (H2S Only) 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 250 120 T1 A B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 21,26

Water, Ultra Pure (>10 Mohm/cm) 32 0 212 100 1.00 32 0 350 175 --- A B --- S F2 T3 Q2 ✔ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 25-275

Whiskey --- --- --- --- 0.90 32 0 212 100 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

White Liquor, Kraft Pulping --- --- 212 100 --- 32 0 250 120 T1C1 A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

 Table of Contents Index 48 

 Pump Seal Selection ✔ Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are compatible.
▲ Elastomers have a temperature limit. See Selection Note #25 (25-175°F/-4-80°C, denoted suitability up to 175°F/80°C).
For Selection of Seals in Family F & G Consult John Crane Blank Secondary seals, seal faces and/or metallurgies are either not recommended or there is insufficient data.
B = Hastelloy B G = Hastelloy G

Hazard SEAL FAMILY SECONDARY SEALS SEAL FACES METAL PARTS

Arrangement

Containment
Melting Boiling Specific Sealed

Secondary
SEE

Throat
Flush

AM350/316SS
20 Cb-3 SS
Flx. Grphite

Alloy C-276
Point Point Gravity Temperature Codes

AM350/347

20 Cb-3 SS

Alloy C-276
SELECTION

Bellows

Duplex SS
Pusher
Pusher

Alpha SiC
Alloy 718
Metal

Alloy 400
Cast Iron
Non-

Alloy 42/

Alloy 42/

Ceramic
SEALED FLUID

718/600
min. max. NOTES

316 SS
Carbon

Rb SiC
TC WC
EPDM
FFKM
PTFE
NBR

FKM
(°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C) (°F) (°C)

CR
White Liquor, Kraft Pulping --- --- --- --- --- 250 120 355 180 T1C1 A B D D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

White Water, <6% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 --- A B D S F1 T2 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3,5,6

Wine --- --- --- --- 1.00 32 0 212 100 F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13,16

Xylene / Xylol (Ortho) -13 -25 291 144 0.88 -4 -20 200 93 T1F1 --- B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Xylene / Xylol (Ortho) --- --- 291 144 0.88 200 93 500 260 T1F1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 9

P-Xylene / Xylol 57 14 280 138 0.86 60 15 200 93 T1F1 A B D S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

P-Xylene / Xylol --- --- --- --- --- 200 93 350 175 T1F1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q2 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Yeast --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 140 60 --- A B D S F2 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 13

Zinc Chloride 554 290 1350 732 2.91 32 0 212 100 T1C2 --- B D D F2 T1 Q6 ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,25-140

Zinc Cyanide 1472 800 --- --- 1.85 32 0 212 100 T2C1 --- B --- D F4 T1 Q1 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,27

Zinc Nitrate 97 36 221 105 2.06 32 0 160 70 T1C1O2 A B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Zinc Phosphate, <20% 1652 900 --- --- 3.99 32 0 212 100 C1 A B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5

Zinc Sulfate, <45% 212 100 --- --- 2.00 32 0 212 100 T1C1 A B D S F2 T1 Q5 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,7,12,13

Zinc Sulfate, >45% --- --- --- --- --- 32 0 212 100 T1C1 --- B --- S F2 T1 Q5 ▲ ▲ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5,22,25-140,29,30

 Table of Contents Index 49 

 Hazard Code Flush Code Selection Notes
T = Toxic F1 = None = API Plan 02 or 03 1 = Refer to John Crane Engineering Where No
C = Corrosive to Tissue F2 = Product Recirculation = API Plans Selection Shown
F = Flammable 01, 11, 13, 14, 21, or 23 2 = Confirm Selection at Very High/Low Temperatures
W = Water Reactive F3 = Clean Flush = 3 = Abrasive
O = Oxidizing API Plans 12, 22, 31, or 41 4 = Atmospheric Deposits
E = Explosive F4 = Dual Seal Pressurized Barrier = 5 = Crystallizes
S = Spontaneous Combustion API Plans 53A, 53B, 53C, 54 or, 74 6 = Clogging
F5 = Injection = API Plan 32 7 = Heated Environment
8 = Avoid Springs in Product
9 = Stationary Mounted Seal
10 = Vortex Breaker
Seal Family Code 11 = Q5 – Steam Quench
A = Elastomer Bellows Seals Throat Code 12 = Q5 – Hot Water Quench
B = O-Ring Pusher Seals T1 = No Special Requirements 13 = Approved Materials
C = PTFE Wedge Seals T2 = Large Bore or Tapered Housing 14 = Balanced Seals
D = Welded Metal Bellows Seals T3 = OEM’s Standard Fixed Bushing 15 = Outside Mounted Seal
E = PTFE Bellows Seals T4 = Close Clearance Floating Bushing 16 = Formed Metal Bellows Seal
17 = API Plan 32
18 = Check Refrigeration Oil
19 = Dual Gas Seal
20 = Refer to John Crane Engineering for Higher
Arrangement Code Quenches/Secondary Containment Code Temperatures/Concentrations and Exceptions
S = Single Seal Q1 = No Special Requirements 21 = Upstream Pumping
D = Dual Seal Q2 = Leakage Management = API Plan 65A, 65B, 22 = Metallurgy
66A, 66B, 75, or 76 23 = Dry (≥ 98%)
Q3 = Static Quench = API Plan 51 24 = Less Than 40% Gypsum
Q4 = Intermittent Quench 25 = Secondary Seal Temperature Limits
Q5 = Continuous Quench = API Plan 62 26 = H2S
Q6 = Unpressurized Dual Seal = API Plans 52, 55, 27 = Extremely Corrosive Fluids
72, 72/75, or 72/76 28 = Dry – No Water Is Present in Fluid
Q7 = Splash Guard 29 = Titanium
30 = Tantalum

 Table of Contents Index 

 Selection Notes
1 Refer to John Crane Engineering Where No Selection is Shown
2 Confirm Selection at Very High or Low Temperatures
Certain fluids and applications may require special design features at very high temperatures
(typically above 600°F/315°C) or very low temperatures (typically below –40°F/°C). Please consult
with John Crane Engineering.
3 Abrasive
The Sealed Fluid is likely to be abrasive. Carbon should not be used with the Sealed Fluid in a single
seal arrangement, but may be suitable in a dual pressurized arrangement. Hard faces (tungsten
and/or silicon carbide) are recommended for the primary and mating rings.
4 Atmospheric Deposits
The Sealed Fluid may leave deposits on the atmospheric side of the seal. It is recommended that a
Q3, Q4, Q5, or Q6 quench be used with an appropriate quench medium to prevent accumulation of
these deposits.
5 Crystallizes
The Sealed Fluid is likely to crystallize on contact with atmosphere. It is recommended to utilize an
appropriate quench media to prevent excessive build-up.
6 Clogging
The Sealed Fluid may be of a fibrous or abrasive nature, which under normal circumstances results
in clogging of the seal. This has been taken into account by the preferred sealing solution.
7 Heated Environment
The Sealed Fluid will solidify at normal temperatures. Therefore, the pump/seal must be kept hot
with a jacketed seal chamber and/or gland during operation and should be properly pre-heated
before equipment start-up.
8 Avoid Springs in Product
The Sealed Fluid may cause the seal to hangup. A seal design where the spring(s) are not immersed
in the fluid is preferred. Alternately, an exposed single spring seal design may be used with caution.
9 Stationary Mounted Seal
A stationary mounted seal with a rotating mating ring is the preferred installation arrangement. This
recommendation can apply to the upper limit of high temperature applications to protect dynamic
elastomeric secondary seals or with metal bellows seals utilizing steam baffles.
10 Vortex Breaker
The pump seal chamber should include a vortex breaker to enhance seal performance and life.
11 Q5 – Steam Quench
A steam quench should be used. In some cases, a nitrogen quench can be substituted. This should be
done with caution, as it may not be as effective as steam.
12 Q5 – Hot Water Quench
A hot water quench should be used. In some applications, water or a suitable medium at ambient
temperature may be used. Consult John Crane before using alternate quenches.
13 Approved Materials
For food, hygienic, pharmaceutical, or underwriters laboratories related applications, approved
materials are available. John Crane should be consulted if specific approved materials are required.
14 Balanced Seals
When Sealed Fluid has a specific gravity of 0.65 or less, the use of a balanced seal is recommended.
15 Outside Mounted Seal
The use of an outside mounted seal is noted as an alternate for this application.
16 Formed Metal Bellows Seal
Use of a Formed Metal Bellows seal is noted as an alternate for hygienic and Clean-In-Place (CIP)
purposes.
 Table of Contents
17 API Plan 32
An F5 flush is used to designate an API Plan 32 flush from an external source as a primary selection.
Due to the characteristics of the product, the use of an outside injection, API Plan 32 is noted as an
alternate method in lieu of a dual pressurized seal.
18 Check Refrigeration Oil
A variety of refrigeration fluids and/or oils may be used in the application. Check compatibility of the
combination to ensure correct secondary seal and seal face materials will be used. Nitrile is
generally good to 200°F/93°C aniline point oils. For Chloroprene, below an aniline point of
223°F/106°C use material code 9521, and above 220°F/104°C use material code 9523.
19 Dual Gas Seal
The use of a Dual Gas seal should also be considered for the application.
20 Refer to John Crane for Higher Temperatures/Concentrations and Exceptions
21 Upstream Pumping
A non-pressurized buffer fluid used in conjunction with an Upstream Pumping
Seal design can be considered for this application.
22 Metallurgy
The metal hardware, especially for highly stressed components such as springs,
needs closer examination. Some metals have varying degrees of corrosion
depending upon the temperature and concentration of the fluid. This note is
commonly used in conjunction with notes 29 or 30.
23 Dry (≥98%)
Application is dry if concentration is 98% or higher.
24 Less Than 40% Gypsum
Upstream Pumping
Gypsum content to be less than 40%. If percentage is above this, consult John
Crane Engineering.
25 Secondary Seal Temperature Limits
The temperature limits for various elastomers are listed on page 19. The safe operating temperatures
listed are based on the property change (volume swell, tensile strength, elongation, and hardness) of
the elastomer family. The temperature noted under See Selection Notes (e.g., 25-160°F/-4-71°C) is
the recommended maximum temperature for the elastomer family for the noted fluid with the
designation “▲”. There are specific recipes and curing processes that can change the resistance of an
elastomer. Refer to John Crane if the elastomer listed has a lower temperature limit than your
specific application.
26 H2S
If the application contains any H2S (Hydrogen Sulfide), consult John Crane Engineering.
27 Extremely Corrosive Fluids
Due to the extremely corrosive nature of the fluid, none of the normal or exotic metallurgy offers
sufficient corrosion resistance to the Sealed Fluid. The use of a Back-to-Back Dual Pressurized Seal
arrangement with non-wetted hardware is recommended. The selection of the metallurgy needs a
case-by-case analysis.
28 Dry – No Water Is Present in Fluid
29 Titanium
Various grades of Titanium may provide good to excellent corrosion resistance to the Sealed Fluid.
30 Tantalum
Various grades of Tantalum may provide good to excellent corrosion resistance to the Sealed Fluid.
Index 50 
Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
API Piping Plans - API Plans 1 to 62

Flush outlet

TI
TI
TI TI

TI

EXTERNAL
UNPRESSURIZED
BUFFER
EXTERNAL SOURCE/SYSTEM
TI
TI
PRESSURIZED
BARRIER
SOURCE/SYSTEM

 Table of Contents Index 51 

Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
API Piping Plans - API Plans 65A to 99

Plan 01 Single seals – internal flush Plan 54 Dual seals, pressurized – external pressurized barrier system/source
Plan 02 Single seals – no flush Plan 55 Dual seals, unpressurized – external, unpressurized buffer system/source
Plan 03 Single seals – circulation between seal chamber and pump created by design of the seal chamber Plan 61 Quench seals – quench connection for purchasers use
Plan 11 Single seals – by-pass from discharge with orifice Plan 62 Quench seals – external quench on atmospheric side of seal
Plan 12 Single seals – by-pass from discharge with strainer & orifice Plan 65A Single seals – atmospheric leakage collection/detection for condensing leakage with
Plan 13 Single seals – flush through seal chamber through orifice to suction failure detection by excess flow into system
Plan 14 Single seals – by-pass from discharge through seal chamber back to suction Plan 65B Single seals – atmospheric leakage collection/detection for condensing leakage with
Plan 21 Single seals – by-pass from discharge through orifice & heat exchanger failure detection by cumulative leakage into system
Plan 22 Single seals – by-pass from discharge through strainer, orifice & heat exchanger Plan 66A Single seals – external leakage detection arrangement with throttle bushings
Plan 23 Single seals – closed loop circulation through heat exchanger Plan 66B Single seals – external leakage detection arrangement with orifice plug
Plan 31 Single seals – by-pass from discharge through abrasive separator Plan 71 Secondary containment seals – tap connection for purchasers use
Plan 32 Single seals – external flush source to seal Plan 72 Secondary containment seals – low pressure buffer gas injected to outer seal cavity
Plan 41 Single seals – by-pass from discharge through abrasive separator & heat exchanger Plan 74 Dual gas seals – pressurized barrier gas system for dual gas seals
Plan 51 Single seals – quench blanket Plan 75 Secondary containment seals – Leakage collection system for condensing or mixed
Plan 52 Dual seals, unpressurized – external reservoir unpressurized liquid buffer phase leakage
Plan 53A Dual seals, pressurized – external reservoir pressurized liquid barrier Plan 76 Secondary containment seals – secondary containment seal vented to flare or
Plan 53B Dual seals, pressurized – liquid barrier through heat exchanger & pressurized by accumulator collection system
Plan 53C Dual seals, pressurized – liquid barrier through heat exchanger with differential pressure Plan 99 Single seals, dual seals, quench seals, secondary containment seals & dual gas
tracking piston accumulator seals – defines an engineered piping plan not defined by any other existing plans

 Table of Contents Index 52 

Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
Dual and Multiple Seals
Selection of Dual Seals
Where a “D” dual seal configuration
is recommended, it is necessary to
select the seal type and materials
for the outer seal in addition to the
inner seal.
Pressurized Dual Seals – F4
Pressurized Dual Seal
Inner Seal – Sealed Liquid Side
The recommended seal materials
for the inner seal will be specified
in the Seal Selection by Fluid pages.
However, when selecting a seal type,
it should be remembered that the
operating pressure of the seal will be
the difference between the barrier fluid
pressure and the sealed fluid pressure.
This barrier fluid pressure should be
maintained at a minimum of 15 psi(g)/
1 bar or 10 percent above the sealed
fluid pressure, whichever is greater.
Due to this low differential pressure, in
normal operating conditions, it is unlikely
that a balanced seal type will be required.
If the pump or equipment to be sealed is
likely to run dry with a consequential loss
of sealed fluid pressure, it is essential that
the pressure capability of the selected
inner seal is greater than the maximum
pressure of the seal barrier fluid.
 Table of Contents
For most applications, it is necessary
to ensure that the sealed fluid is
contained and barrier fluid
contamination minimized. To achieve
this, it is desirable that the inner seal
has a reverse pressure capability, for
example the Type 48RP. If the barrier
fluid pressure is lost, the inner seal
will not be forced open by the sealed
fluid pressure. John Crane should be
consulted before the selection and
use of seals for these applications.
Reverse Pressure Dual Seal
Outer Seal – Atmosphere Side
Generally, the seal family chosen and
materials recommended for the inner
seal are also suitable for the outer
seal. However, the pressure of the
barrier fluid must be considered and
may affect the outer seal selection.
If the sealed fluid is considered to
be only moderately hazardous or
corrosive, it may be possible to select
the outer seal materials to suit the
barrier fluid being used in preference
to the sealed fluid. This option should
only be considered where any
migration of sealed fluid into the
barrier fluid presents no hazard. If
there is any doubt about this, John
Crane should be consulted before the
selection and use of alternative outer
seal materials.
Unpressurized Dual Seals – Q6
In the case of unpressurized dual
seals generally, both inner and outer
seals used will be of the same family
and material code.
Unpressurized Dual Seal
Upstream Pumping
An Upstream Pumping seal, which is
supplied as a cartridge, is a multiple
seal combining the benefits of both a
pressurized and an unpressurized
dual seal.
The materials selected for the inner
seal and the outer seal should be
suitable for the pumped fluid and the
buffer fluid used.
Index
Seal Support System
Both pressurized and unpressurized
dual seals require a seal support
system to manage the seal barrier
fluid supply. The requirements of such
a system are frequently tailored to
suit the application and the operating
plant requirements.
John Crane should be consulted
before the selection and use of any
seal support equipment intended for
use on hazardous applications.
Barrier/Buffer Fluids
Selection of a barrier/buffer fluid
is important to the safe and
reliable operation of all dual seal
arrangements.
As the fluid selected will be forming
the barrier between the sealed fluid
and atmosphere, the fluid must be
non-hazardous. The fluid must be
clean, i.e., not containing debris or
abrasive deposits. It must also be
compatible with and at a temperature
appropriate for the selected seal
materials.
In the case of a pressurized dual and
Upstream Pumping seals, the fluid
must also be fully compatible with
the sealed fluid, because migration
of the barrier/buffer fluid will occur.
53 
Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
John Crane Seal Identification Coding (BRICI)
The John Crane “Seal Identification Coding” scheme (otherwise known as the
BRICI code) uniquely defines the major components of the seal specific to their
materials of construction. This allows for an easy identification of products to
application requirements. It should be noted that the seal identification coding
scheme is not designed to identify every component of the seal, but only those
components critical to a successful sealing application.
The John Crane “Seal Identification Coding” scheme consists of seven (7) fields.
Each field defines a major seal component or grouping of components. The
position of these fields is critical to seal identification. Therefore, the “Seal
Identification Coding” scheme is a positional code. Each field is defined by a
position and given a naming convention of 1st Symbol through 7th Symbol. Alpha,
numeric or alpha–numeric coding symbols have been established to define the
primary materials supplied for John Crane mechanical seal products. Fields 1st
Symbol through 6th Symbol are populated using the appropriate material coding
symbol for the component or grouping of components defined by the field which
are supplied as part of the product. To maintain this positional coding, a dash “-” is
inserted into any position in which the item defined by that position is not supplied
as part of the mechanical seal. A listing of the most popular material coding
symbols is provided within this documentation.
For multiple seal arrangements, the seal closest to or in the product being handled
is defined as the inner seal assembly, while the seal farthest from the product is
defined as the outer seal assembly. Single seals will have one set of information,
while multiple seals will reflect two sets of information, one for each seal. Two sets
of materials should be shown even if the inner and outer materials are identical.
In the pictorial representation, each field is labeled 1st Symbol through the 7th
Symbol. A further definition of the field and its use are provided.
1st Symbol
The first symbol defines the secondary seal used in conjunction with the seal
head assembly primary ring. The symbol used defines the sealing element only. Anti-
extrusion rings, support rings, cove ring, shields, etc., are NOT defined by this code. The
bellows for metal bellows seals are defined in the sixth symbol, labeled Loading Device.
2nd Symbol
The second symbol defines the seal primary ring material. Traditionally, most primary
rings are made up of a single material. The primary ring coding symbol defines either
a family material or a very specific face material. As the primary ring is the primary
sealing element of the seal, this symbol only concerns itself with the primary ring
material. When the primary ring is an insert pressed into an adaptor, as in the case
of metal bellows seals, the insert is the only component defined by this symbol.
 Table of Contents
3rd Symbol
The third symbol defines the hardware items for the seal assembly. It does not
include the equipment adaptive hardware, such as glands, sleeves, or collars
used to fit the seal to the equipment. The term hardware relates to the major
components of the seal assembly, such as the retainer for Type 1, 2, 21, 8 and
9 seals, drive sleeve for Type 6 and 6A seals, and front adapters for metal
bellows seals. When the metallurgy of these items is not specific, such as “1” for
stainless steel, the seventh field is used to clarify the specific grade of stainless.
Reference 7th Symbol for further information.
4th Symbol
The fourth symbol defines the secondary sealing element used in conjunction
with the mating ring. As with the first field, it defines only the sealing element.
PTFE cove rings, anti-extrusion rings, etc., are NOT defined by this code. O-rings,
gaskets, spiral-wound gaskets, Crane-foil rings, and rubber cups are examples
of mating ring secondary sealing elements. Clamped-in mating rings traditionally
use two gaskets of different materials. Only the gasket in contact with the
product is to be defined.
5th Symbol
The fifth symbol defines the material for the mating ring. The same rules apply
as with the primary ring.
6th Symbol
The sixth symbol defines the material of the loading device. This is typically the
spring for most traditional seals, with the exception of metal bellows seals in
which the bellows acts as both a sealing element and a loading device.
7th Symbol
Defines more specifically the metallurgy used for the hardware items (3rd
Symbol) and the loading device (6th Symbol). This information is required as the
codes used for these fields are generic. Therefore, they are not specific, they
must be further defined to distinguish the specific material grades. For example
“1” defines stainless steel. However, there are multiple stainless steel grades
that can be used, such as 304 SS, 18-8 SS, 302 SS and 316 SS. The same is
true for “H”, which is used for Hastelloy®. Here too, there are multiple grades
of Hastelloy such as Hastelloy C-276, Hastelloy B and Hastelloy G. To ensure
consistency of metallurgy, both positions must be defined with this 7th symbol.
The two metallurgy definitions are separated by a slash (/) as shown. If the seal
is not supplied with a component defined by the 3rd and/or 6th position, a dash
(-) shall be inserted in the seventh symbol position for the absent component.
Index 54 
Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
John Crane Seal Identification Coding (BRICI)

Code Sequences
John Crane Seal Identification Codes designate the primary component materials used in seal manufacturing.
The sequential order of the code numbers and letters has specific meaning.

1st Symbol 2nd Symbol 3rd Symbol 4th Symbol 5th Symbol 6th Symbol 7th Symbol
Primary Ring Primary Ring Hardware Mating Ring Mating Ring Loading Device Metallurgy
Secondary Seal Secondary Seal

PTFE WEDGE PUSHER TYPE SEALS O-RING PUSHER TYPE SEALS

Code in correct sequential order: Q F51 1 Q C 1 316/316 Code in correct sequential order: X F31 1 Q 7 H A2Ø/HC
Simply written: QF511QC1 316/316 Simply written: XF311Q7H A2Ø/HC
1 1 Q F51 1 Q C H 1 X F31 1 Q 7

ELASTOMER BELLOWS NON-PUSHER METAL BELLOWS TYPE SEALS

TYPE SEALS
Code in correct sequential order: BF5Ø2 B 7 1 BRASS/18-8 Code in correct sequential order:
X F3 O42 X O8 O1Ø417-4/35Ø
Simply written: BF5Ø2B71 BRASS/18-8 Simply written: XF3O42XO1Ø4 17-4/35Ø
X O1Ø4 O42 F3 O8
1 B 2 F5Ø B 7

88

 Table of Contents Index 55 

Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
John Crane Seal Identification Coding (BRICI)

Common Symbols

SYMBOL MATERIAL Carbon Families for Niche Applications

1* Stainless Steel
2 Brass SYMBOL MATERIAL
6 Cast Iron F5 Nuclear Service – Certified Material
7 Ni-Resist F26 Blister Inducing Applications
8 Plated Steel F32 Dry-Running Contacting (Single Seals & Humidified Barrier) – GRAS
B* Buna-N (Nitrile) F36 Ammonia Applications
B93 Low Temperature Buna-N F77 Dry-Running Contacting – Dry Nitrogen
C Ceramic F91 Shipboard Pump Service Qualified
D/K Tungsten Carbide (Cobalt Binder) H* Hastelloy
F* Carbon Family J* Silicone
M* Monel®
N* Neoprene
Carbon Families for Core Applications O10 High Purity Ceramic
O15 Tungsten Carbide (Nickel Binder)
SYMBOL MATERIAL
O28 Cranelast (EPDM)
F3 Metal Bellows Seals
O39 Crane-foil (Flexible Graphite)
F7 Metal Bellows Seals (High Temperature)
O40 Cranelast (EPDM – Nuclear)
F28 Type 28 Gas Compressor Seals
O58 Silicon Carbide (Self Sintered)
F31 Extreme Corrosion Applications
O95 Silicon Carbide (Reaction Bonded)
F48 Hot Water and Light Hydrocarbon Applications
Q Chemlon (PTFE)
F50 General Duty for Non-Pusher Seals - GRAS
S Tool Steel
F51 General Duty for Pusher Seals - GRAS
V Glass-Filled Chemlon (PTFE)
F55 High Duty Applications
X* Fluorocarbon (Fluoroelastomer/Perfluoroelastomer)
F60 Type 2800 Gas Seals
X18 TFE Propylene
X48 Perfluoroelastomer (Low Temperature)
*May have a number of specific grades/compounds associated with the symbol. X49 Perfluoroelastomer (High Temperature)
GRAS – Generally Recognized As Safe (by the FDA).

For other material availability contact John Crane.

 Table of Contents Index 56 

 CODE DESIGN FEATURES MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION CODE SEAL FACE MATERIAL
Sealol® Metal A
B
Basic low temp. seal
Basic high temp. seal less drive lugs
CODE SHELL BELLOWS/
SPRING
DRIVE COLLAR/
ADAPTER
A
C
Antimony-impregnated carbon
Standard chemical grade
SEAL SIZE
INCH SIZE
DASH NUMBER
Bellows Seals C
D
E
High temp. cartridge seal less drive lugs
High temp. seal with drive lugs
Enlarged seal chamber
A
B
C
Alloy 42
Alloy 20
Alloy 42
AM-350
Alloy 20
Alloy 718
347 SS (adapter)
Alloy 20
Alloy 600
D
E
carbon-graphite
Carbon-loaded silicon carbide
Bronze
The number which,
when divided by 16,
yields the size
Mechanical Seal F
G
Balanced for internal pressure
Low temp. cartridge seal, 2-piece sleeve
D
E
Alloy 42
Alloy 600
Double-Ply Alloy 718
Alloy 718
Alloy 600
Alloy 600
F Reaction-bonded silicon
carbide in decimal inches.
e.g. -16 is 1.000 (1")
H Seal w/hook sleeve drive collar or seat adapter, - drive lugs F Alloy 600 Double-Ply Alloy 718 Alloy 600 G Specified grade Crane-foil
Coding System I
J
“J” or “T” lock seal drive
315 high temp. cartridge/component transition head
G
H
316L SS
Alloy C-276
AM-350
Alloy C-276
316L SS
Alloy C-276
H
J
Sintered silicon carbide
Stellite-faced 316 SS
-38 is 2.375 (2-3/8")
-100 is 6.250 (6-1/4")
K Low temp. seal with drive lugs J Glass-filled TFE TFE/Alloy C-276 Glass-filled TFE L Stellite-faced 347 SS
L Low temp. cartridge seal, one piece sleeve K 18-8 SS 18-8 SS (spring) 18-8 SS M Stellite-faced monel METRIC SIZE
M Low temp. cartridge seal with drive lugs and sleeve L 316 SS 316 SS (spring) 316 SS O None furnished DASH NUMBER
CODE SEAL TYPE (Rotating unless noted) Always preceded by a
043 Elastomeric bellows seal N Retained-in-gland bellows seal cartridge assembly M Alloy 400 Alloy 400 Alloy 400 R Ni-resist
O Double balanced seal N AM355 AM350 AM355 S Silicon carbide ‘0’, the nominal seal size
048 Low emission elastomer O-ring seals in millimeters.
155* (1505) Unbalanced single spring O-ring seal P High temp. cartridge seal with drive lugs O SEAL ASSEMBLY NOT FURNISHED T Nickel-bound tungsten carbide
Q Cartridge with bellows quench seal P Alloy 20 Alloy 20 Alloy 20 (machined) V Silicon carbide C e.g. –030 is 30mm
157* (1507) Unbalanced single spring O-ring seal, –075 is 75mm
replaceable insert R High temp. seal with deflector R Alloy 42 Double-Ply AM350 347 SS (adapter) W Monel
S 715 high temp. cartridge/component transition head T Titanium (grade 2) Titanium (grade 2) Titanium (grade 2) X As specified –0100 is 100mm
285 Cryogenic temperature single non-contacting
metal bellows seal T Threaded seal, including sleeve U Calcium fluoride TFE/Alloy C-276 Calcium fluoride Y Siliconized carbon
U Threaded seal less sleeve filled TFE filled TFE “XX” or “XXX” indicates the
594* Stationary balanced multiple-spring pusher seal
V High temperature cartridge seal with deflector V Alloy 42 AM-350 347 SS (adapter) seal size is not specified.
599* Split seal
604 Stationary metal bellows seal W Narrow cross-section seal X AS SPECIFIED
605 Custom-engineered bellows seal X As specified Z Zirconium Zirconium Zirconium
606 High temp. seal with flexible graphite packing Y Basic seal including hook sleeve
609 High temp. narrow cross-section seal
611* Universal cartridge single seal bellows design
613 Single wet/dry cartridge seal

670AHC-SGF307-28
618 Low temp. narrow cross-section seal
GLAND/HOUSING STYLE
622* Cartridge tandem bellows seal (API Plan 52) Odd numbers: Non-Clamp Type Seat
623* Cartridge tandem bellows seal (API Plan 53) CODE Even numbers: Clamp Type Seat
624* DIN 24960 cartridge tandem bellows seal design 00 No gland furnished
631* Single cartridge seal with close-clearance bushing CODE GLAND/HOUSING/MATERIAL 01 or 02 Plain
632* Dual cartridge seal with pumping ring 2 18-8 SS (300 Series) 03 or 04 Flush
633* Dual cartridge seal with Type ECS seal 3 316 SS 05 or 06 Quench with throttle bushing
641* Single cartridge seal with close-clearance 4 Alloy 20 07 or 08 Flush, quench with throttle bushing
5 Monel 09 or 10 Flush, quench with auxiliary packing
bushing for enlarged seal chambers 11 or 12 Jacketed
642* Dual cartridge seal with pumping ring for 6 Bronze
8 Alloy C-276 13 or 14 Jacketed with flush
enlarged seal chambers 9 As specified 15 or 16 Quench with lip seal or quench bushing
643* Dual cartridge seal with Type ECS seal 0 No gland 17 or 18 Flush, quench with lip seal or quench bushing
for enlarged seal chambers CODE SEAT MATERIAL 21 or 22 Plain gland with shroud
650* Corrosive service TFE bellows seal B High purity ceramic ELASTOMERS & PACKING 23 or 24 Flush with centering bushing
651* Short axial length corrosive service C Standard chemical CODE SECONDARY SEAL SEAT PACKING GLAND PACKING 25 or 26 Quench with floating carbon bushing
grade A Fluorocarbon TFE TFE/Gylon® 27 or 28 Flush, quench with floating carbon bushing
TFE bellows seal 31 or 32 Plain with centering bushing (throttle bushing)
659* High performance (Tef-Core) TFE bellows seal Crane-foil B TFE TFE TFE/Gylon
D Cast iron CODE SEAT SHAPE C Fluorocarbon Fluorocarbon TFE/Gylon 33 or 34 “Hat” gland
670 Alloy C-276 metal bellows seal E Bronze B Block seat D Cranelast Cranelast Cranelast 35 or 36 Quench with auxiliary packing
675 Titanium metal bellows seal F Silicon carbide C Cushion seat E TFE-encapsulated TFE-encapsulated TFE-encapsulated 37 or 38 Flush, quench with bellows quench seal
676 Stainless steel metal bellows seal (reaction-bonded) D Donut clamp F Fluorocarbon Fluorocarbon Fluorocarbon 43 or 44 Hat (flush)
680 Alloy 20 metal bellows seal G Special grade E ECS seat G Flexible graphite/ Flexitallic® Flexitallic 45 or 46 Hat (quench with throttle bushing)
810 Minimal axial length single stationary bellows seal carbon F DIN short Mylar or annealed SS 53 or 54 Hat (with flush, quench with throttle bushing)
graphite G O-ring groove H TFE-encapsulated TFE-encapsulated TFE/Gylon 55 or 56 Hat (quench with lip seal or quench bushing)
820 Single stationary bellows seal 61 or 62 Jacketed quench with throttle bushing
H Silicon carbide H Drilled “T” clamp J TFE-encapsulated TFE TFE
1010* Dual non-contacting metal bellows seal I Drilled donut 63 or 64 Hat (with flush, quench with lip seal or quench bushing)
(alpha-sintered) K Nitrile-N Nitrile-N Nitrile-N
1011* Single non-contacting metal bellows seal for J Stellite-faced 316SS clamp L Flexible graphite Flexitallic Flexitallic 65 2 connections with ECS
steam turbines K Ceramic-faced SS L “L” clamp M Flexible graphite/ Flexible graphite Flexitallic 67 Flush, 2 connections with ECS
1670 Low temp. API single cartridge bellows seal L Stellite-faced 347SS M Inverted cushion Mylar or annealed SS 71or 72 Jacketed quench with floating carbon bushing
1604 High temp. API single cartridge stationary M Stellite-faced Monel seat N Nitrile-N Nitrile-N TFE/Gylon 73 Quench with deflector and auxiliary packing
bellows seal N Nickel-bound tung. N DIN (slotted) O NONE FURNISHED 75 Quench with combination deflector throttle bushing
carbide long P Flexible graphite Flexible graphite Flexitallic 77 Flush, quench with combination deflector throttle bushing
2609 High temp. API dual cartridge bellows seal 78* Flush, quench with combination deflector floating carbon bushing
O None furnished O Not furnished Q Perfluoroelastomer Flexitallic Flexitallic
non-pressurized R Retained cushion 79 Flush, quench with deflector and auxiliary packing
R Ni-resist R Cranelast Cranelast TFE/Gylon
2800MBDual non-contacting metal bellows seal S Silicon carbide seat S Perfluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer 81 Flush in and out with auxiliary seal, shroud and centering bushing
3609 High temp. API dual cartridge bellows (multi-grade) S Slotted O-ring T Perfluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer TFE/Gylon 83 ECS housing
seal pressurized T Cobalt-bound groove seat U Perfluoroelastomer TFE TFE 85 Flush in and flush out
3710 Cartridge split seal tungsten carbide T “T” clamp V Perfluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer Flexitallic 88 As specified
ECS Emission containment seal X As specified W Tapered block W Perfluoroelastomer Flexible graphite Flexitallic 91 Gland adapter/housing without seal chamber bolt holes
Y Siliconized carbon seat X AS SPECIFIED 99 As specified
*Products terminated, see John Crane representative for replacement
(960) X As specified Y Flexible graphite Flexible graphite High temp. gasket *Unclamped seat

 Table of Contents Index 57 

Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
General Material Recommendations: DSK 7075 & 7076

DSK 7075 - General Material Recommendation for Sodium Hydroxide DSK 7076 - General Material Recommendation for Hydrochloric Acid

 Table of Contents Index 58 

Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
General Material Recommendations: DSK 7077 & 7078

DSK 7077 - General Material Recommendation for Hydrofluoric Acid DSK 7078 - General Material Recommendation for Nitric Acid

 Table of Contents Index 59 

Reference Data for Seal Selection by Fluid
General Material Recommendations: DSK 7079

DSK 7079 - General Material Recommendation for Sulfuric Acid

 Table of Contents Index 60 

Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines

This group of fluids generally includes toxic, carcinogenic, hazardous, dangerous, Similar to USA legislation, European Regulations or Directives legislation often
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Volatile Hazardous Air Pollutants (VHAPs), and refer to Best Available Techniques (BAT) to specify details such as emission limits
other fluids determined to be hazardous to human life and the environment. VOCs are or technical measures for emission control. These BATs are drawn up, reviewed
fluids that typically have a high vapor pressure and become airborne pollutants when and regularly updated through an exchange of information with stakeholders and
leaked into the atmosphere. These leakages are referred to as “fugitive emissions.” are published as BAT Reference Documents (BREF).
Safety issues, the protection of people and the environment and safe operation of Beside the more recent European legislations established, national legislations
process equipment are of paramount importance to plant operators. John Crane can be of international importance. For example, German administrative regulation
seal recommendations treat these as primary objectives. “Technical Instruction on Air Quality (TA-Luft)” regulates emission limits and
technical emission control measures, which were adopted from many other
Legislation on handling of toxic or hazardous fluids is an on-going effort on a global
member states and other recent legislation.
scale as part of general legislation procedures for the protection of human health
and the environment from industrial emissions. A comprehensive list of all legislation To eliminate any leakage or contamination into the atmosphere, John Crane offers
is beyond the scope of this document, but below examples shall illustrate the a full complement of products to effectively handle these applications.
subject.
United States of America Environmental legislation regarding fugitive emissions
Seal Recommendation (low emission and zero/near-zero emission seals)
of VOCs from shaft sealing systems of rotary equipment, such as pumps and
agitators, have mandated that operators implement preventative maintenance Seal Arrangement O-ring Metal Bellows API 682 Gas- Standard
Lubricated Cartridge
practices, such as Leak Detection and Repair Programs (LDAR) and/or QIP (Quality
Improvement Program) regarding leakages of VOCs from pumps. The rule is Single Seals 48LP/MP/HP 670, 609, 609HTC 1648 5610/5610Q
Often used to achieve 48V 604, 604HTC, 680 1670 5615/5615Q
referred to as hazardous organic NESHAP [National Emission Standards for 1000 ppm or less 48XP 1604/1604HTC
Hazardous Air Pollutants] or Hon {Hazardous Organic NESHAP]. 5610Q
5615Q
A list of controlled Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) are identified in the Clean Air
Act Amendment [CAAA Title 1, Part A section 112]. These controlled substances Dual Seals with the 48LP/MP/HP 670, 609, 609HTC 2648, 3648 2800E/EX/EH 5620/5620P
are limited to acceptable leakage levels usually measured in ppm (parts per appropriate API 682 Flush Plans 604, 604HTC, 680 2670, 3670 2874/2874NE 5625/5625P
are often used on VOCs, VHAPs, 2609HTC, 3604HTC, 3609HTC 28AT/XP
million). The most widely used method to measure leakage of volatile materials hazardous, toxic, carcinogenic, 5620P
from equipment is EPA Method 21 using a calibrated organic vapor analyzer (OVA). dangerous, poor lubricating, 5620D
Maximum Available Control Technology (MACT) standards are used to achieve LPG products. 5625P
fugitive emission compliance.
Secondary Containment Seals 48SC ECS (Low Temp.) 2CW-CS, 2CW-CW 28LD 5620D
European environmental legislation recently underwent a process of updating and Often used to achieve ECS (High Temp.) 2670 28SC (option)
harmonizing with corresponding multinational and national legislations. The United 500 ppm or less. 2609
Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals Note: This guideline is not intended to be complete, nor does it cover every possible condition associated with the safe use
(GHS), for instance, was transferred to European law by the European Union of mechanical seals. The user must examine the application in detail, determine what it is that can go wrong, and
Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 on the classification, labeling and packaging of then adopt the necessary procedures to account for that possibility.
substances and mixtures. Further recent legislation regarding emissions of
hazardous substances in general and VOCs in particular are European Union
Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and
control), and European Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 concerning the Registration,
Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH).

 Table of Contents Index 61 

Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines
Fugitive Emission Control of VOCs
Single Seals
A single mechanical seal consists of a fixed ring in the gland plate held in tight
contact with a rotating ring on the shaft to form a seal. Single seals have simple
construction and don’t require complex auxiliary equipment. Advanced sealing
technology has enabled the development of low emission single mechanical
cartridge seals, which can typically meet the 1000 ppm or less emission mandate.
They provide cost-effective, reliable sealing for most VOC services, in line with
API 682 standards, provided the following conditions are satisfied:
Specific gravity of process fluid >0.5.
Seal chamber vapor pressure margin is >50 psi(g)/3.5 bar(g)
Process or flush fluid provides adequate lubrication to the seal faces.
European legislation such as the German administrative regulation TA-Luft
do not accept single seals for pumps handling VOCs to specifications given
in section 5.2.6 of TA-Luft.
Type 2874
 Table of Contents
Dual Mechanical Seals
Dual seal arrangements can provide zero or near-zero emissions to the
atmosphere, depending on the selection of technology and the barrier/buffer
fluid. Essentially, zero emissions is usually described as “not measurable with
existing instrument technology.”
A pump equipped with a dual (double) mechanical seal with a non-VHAP barrier
fluid that is at a higher pressure than the process fluid is exempt from monthly
screening. Dual unpressurized with a buffer fluid are also exempt if the fluid
reservoir is vented to a “closed-vent system” or the buffer fluid is purged into
a process stream with no atmospheric emissions and the system is monitored
with a sensor that will detect failure if the seal system is exempt from monthly
screening.
Dual unpressurized with buffer fluid consist of an inner and outer seal. The inner
seal contains the process fluid. Between the inner and outer seal is either a liquid
or gas buffer fluid at a lower pressure than the process fluid. The buffer fluid isolates
the process stream from the atmosphere and provides lubricity to the inner seal
faces. Any leakage from the inner seal can be separated from the buffer fluid and
piped to recovery or appropriate disposal facilities. If the inner seal should fail,
the outer seal usually can be run safely for a limited period. Dual seals with
unpressurized buffer fluids typically provide emission levels below 0.01 gm/hr
(0.00035 oz/hr), achieving emission levels less than 10 ppm. API Plan 52 is used.
Dual seals with pressurized barrier fluid consist of an inner and outer seal with
a pressurized liquid or gas between them. The barrier liquid or gas is at a pressure
greater than the process fluid. Any leakage to the atmosphere or the process
stream is the barrier fluid. It is essential to select a safe barrier fluid that is
compatible with the process stream. API 682 Plans 53 and 54 are used.
Dual pressurized systems virtually eliminate leakage of the process fluid into
the environment and typically have emission values approaching zero. This
arrangement is selected when the process fluid is hazardous, poor lubricating,
or when the process fluids change frequently, as in pipeline services.
Index 62 
Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines

Secondary Containment Seals

Secondary containment seals are used in dual seal configuration as a containment
device for primary seal or process fluid leakage. Any leakage past the primary seal
is contained and normally vented to a flare or vapor recovery system. When you
are sealing volatile organic compounds, there are emission-compliance and safety
issues. It is important to select the right process seal as well as the proper
containment seal. Secondary containment seals (Type 48SC and Type ECS) are
normally used where your emission requirement is 500 ppm or less. API Plans 71,
72, 75, 76, 72/75 or 72/76 are used.
Performance characteristic of the secondary containment seal provides a simple
but effective method of reducing or eliminating emissions to the atmosphere. It has
the emission-controlling and safety capabilities of a standard dual mechanical seal
without the complexities and expense of barrier/buffer fluid systems. API 682
describes secondary containment seal arrangements in detail.

Non-Contacting Pump Gas Seals (Type 2800E, Type 2874 and Type 2874NE)
Non-contacting gas-lubricated dual seals are commonly used to seal hazardous
and toxic fluids. Designed to run using an inert gas barrier (typically nitrogen)
at higher pressure than the fluid being sealed, the Type 2800 family of products
provide designs for large bore and standard bore ANSI pumps, covering a range of
speeds, pressures and temperatures. The gas barrier and dual seal arrangement
(Arrangement 3 as described in API 682) ensure zero emissions sealing as well as
the complete elimination of liquid barrier fluid. Where very high temperatures are
encountered, the Type 2874NE provides non-contacting dual seal operation in an
elastomer free cartridge.
Type 28AT and Type 28XP for use on gas handling turbomachinery eliminate
seal oil contamination of process and pipelines; reduce maintenance costs and
downtime, and comply with EPA requirements and California, USA standards.
Type 2800E

 Table of Contents Index 63 

Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines
Hazard Assessment
Assess the hazard prior to selecting the appropriate sealing arrangement. Local,
national, and environmental regulations must be observed at all times.
Hazard assessment can be complicated by differing national, customer, and project
specifications. However, there are industry guidelines available when assessing
hazards in general terms prior to selecting the appropriate sealing arrangement.
The assessment of hazards breaks down into four main areas:
1. Potential hazard problems with the fluid.
2. Standards for design, reliability and leakage to the environment.
3. Factors which are fluid dependent.
4. Services available for the sealing solution.
Only after considering all the above aspects can the optimal sealing arrangement
and secondary containment seal be selected.
Potential Hazard Problems with the Fluid
If the answer to any of the questions below is a “yes,” then additional hazard
protection above a single seal must be considered for the sealing solution.
Is the fluid toxic?
Is it fatal if swallowed, inhaled, or exposed to skin? This includes fluids such as
hydrofluoric acid, caustics, and H2S in higher quantities.
Is the fluid carcinogenic? Does the fluid contain one of the known substances
that can increase the risk of cancer?
Notes:
Is the product contaminated with H2S?
The industry often treats H2S separately from other toxic substances. On its own,
H2S is a highly toxic, colorless, flammable gas with a distinct odor of rotten eggs.
Very low concentrations can be recognized by this smell, but repeated exposure
dulls the sense of smell so this is not a reliable test for its presence. Normally
accepted concentration levels for exposure are:
■ 10 ppm: Long-term exposure limit (8-hour reference period).
■ 15 ppm: Short-term exposure limit (10-minute reference period).
 Table of Contents
■ 20–150 ppm: Causes irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract after 1 hour.
■ 200 ppm: Dangerous if inhaled for one hour.
■ 500 ppm: Very dangerous if inhaled for 15 to 30 minutes.
■ 800–1000 ppm: May be fatal if exposed for more than 30 minutes.
Higher concentrations may be instantly fatal. H2S in the industry is often a
compound mixed in with the pumped fluid stream. If released into the atmosphere
in sufficient quantities, it can be fatal if inhaled.
If the pumped product does contain H2S, additional precautions must be taken,
appropriate to the concentration expected to the atmosphere. It should also be
noted that material changes also might be required because H2S causes stress
corrosion cracking in some metals, and degrades some grades of fluoroelastomer.
Is the Fluid an Acid?
The problem with acids is they can burn your skin if spilled on it or cause internal
burns if swallowed or inhaled. Naturally, this also depends on the temperature and
concentration of the acid. It should also be noted that material changes specific to
the acid might be required. Examples of acids are:
■ Hydrochloric acid ■ Hydrofluoric acid (requires specific
design recommendation from
■ Sulfuric acid
John Crane Engineering)
■ Sulfurous acid ■ Phosphoric acid
■ Nitric acid
■ Carbonic acid
Hydrofluoric Acid is toxic, corrosive to flesh and, in trace amounts, causes severe burns to personnel
on contact. Severe burns from massive contact would be fatal. HF Acid will corrode most substances
including metals and glass. Therefore, special precautions are required to the handling of seals and to
seal selection and operation.
No Stainless Steel components should be in contact with the fluids if Hydrofluoric Acid is
potentially present.
All seals must be certified “ACID FREE” by the operator before any work is carried out on them.
Refer to John Crane Engineering for a specific design recommendation.
Index 64 
Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines

Is the Fluid Above Its Auto-ignition Temperature?

The auto-ignition temperature of a substance is that at which it will ignite
spontaneously if it is exposed to air. This is clearly dangerous and must be avoided.
Every hydrocarbon compound has its own auto-ignition temperature. There is a
wide range of values. Many pumped products are a mixture of compounds in which
their actual auto-ignition temperatures are unknown.

Is the Fluid an Emission Controlled Substance?

Regulatory authorities are becoming increasingly concerned with the level of
fugitive emissions (leaks) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from process
equipment including seals. The concern over VOCs is the effect on air quality
caused by their ability to participate in photochemical reactions and form ozone.
Some VOCs are also carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction.
In the United States, allowable emissions levels are usually defined in parts
per million (ppm) concentration of the VOC in air at a fixed distance from the
equipment. The standard measurement technique in the U.S. is EPA Method 21.
If the product is controlled for emissions, additional sealing precautions must
be considered.
European legislation does not determine emission limits on equipment level.
Rather this is done on plant level. Directive 2010/75/EU, for example, specifies total
plant emission limits either directly as in the case of VOCs, or specifies that
emission limits will be set by the competent authority in a way that emissions do
not exceed levels associated with the application of the Best Available Techniques
(BAT) as laid out in BAT reference documents or corresponding regulations such as
the German Regulation TA-Luft.
According to TA-Luft the Best Available Technique for pumps handling liquid
VOCs are so called technically tight pumps such as those sealed with multiple
mechanical seals with quench or buffer system (liquid or gas). Single seals are not
accepted. Similar requirements are given by the EU Reference Document on BAT in Type 2874NE
the Large Volume Organic Chemical Industry.
An alternative to the liquid dual non-pressurized seal could be a dry contacting
secondary containment seal such as the Type 48SC or Type ECS with either a
Type 48 or welded metal bellows primary seal. The inter-space is vented to a
flare or closed vent system. An alternative to the liquid dual pressurized seal
could be a Type 2800E, 2874, 2874NE or a triple seal.

 Table of Contents Index 65 

Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines
Does the Pumping Duty Involve High Discharge Pressures?
The majority of end users are required to perform Hazard & Operability studies
(HAZOP) to meet their local safety codes. These look at normal, abnormal, and
upset conditions which can arise from routine procedures, together with a
combination of operator error and equipment failure. The problems typically
arise from one of the following cases:
Pumps with high discharge pressures typically above 35 bar(g)/500 psi(g) often
require additional precautions. High pressure streams arising from a leak
can injure people. Seals must be designed to withstand the static discharge
pressures that may be seen in the system.
Hot charge pumps on refinery units are often double-ended, multistage pumps,
generating high pressures. To keep the standby pump warm, a stream of hot
fluid from the discharge of the operating pump is bled back into the stationary
pump. This can exert pump discharge pressure on the seal statically from the
operating pump if the operator shuts the suction valve on the standby pump.
This is a standard assumption of HAZOP analysis and must be considered in the
design of the seal.
In the event of the failure of the discharge non-return valve, and the operator
closing the suction valve on the standby pump, the standby pump seal chamber is
exposed to the operating pump discharge pressure. This is a standard HAZOP
accident that is considered. All seals must be designed for these upset conditions.
It should be noted that non-return valves are never considered to be shut-off valves.
Is the Fluid Otherwise Unsafe?
This covers any other condition that may be considered by either the safety
authorities, operator, contractor or the seal manufacturer.
Standards for Design, Reliability, and Leakage to the Environment
Increasingly, authorities, the end-user, contractor, or project specification will lay
down allowable emission levels. In this case, additional precautions will be required.
A typical example is the EPA regulations limiting VOC emissions to less than
1000 ppm from a seal. Depending on the solution adopted, either a low-emission
single seal may be used or a dual seal may be considered. Alternatively, design
standards such as API 682 may apply.
Factors That Are Fluid Dependent
The key factor to be considered in this category is adequate face lubrication from
the product. If there is insufficient lubricity in the fluid being sealed, additional
precautions must be considered such as dual pressurized seals or dry gas seals.
 Table of Contents
Services Available for the Sealing Solution
The services available to the seal must be considered before making the
selection of the optimal sealing arrangement. Questions to be asked about the
availability of services typically include:
■ Is a flare, vent or safe location available to dispose of any vapors? This often
provides the simplest and lowest cost solution in conjunction with a limited
emission seal.
■ Is a drain to a safe location available to dispose of any liquids leaking past the seal?
■ Is there a source of safe, compatible, inert dry gas available as a buffer or
barrier fluid?
Typical gases include nitrogen or steam. The pressures required may be either
above the flare pressure, typically 7 to 36 psi(g)/0.5 to 2.5 bar(g), or above the
seal chamber pressure under all operating conditions.
Nitrogen in a refinery is often only available at 58 to 102 psi(g)/4 to 7 bar(g). This
is often re-gassed from liquid, and therefore is considered expensive.
Steam is the most reliable utility service in the refinery and may be considered for
use as an inert gas if it is clean and dry under all operating conditions. This would
require it to be taken from the middle range of steam pressures usually present
in the plant. The use of the low-pressure steam range as an inert gas is not
recommended.
In the extraction segment of the oil and gas industry, nitrogen or steam is not
often readily available.
On rare occasions, instrument air is considered as an inert gas. However,
care must be taken to ensure that the quantities used do not permit the lower
explosive limit to be exceeded. This is normally only considered for sealing on
compressors with Type 28AT seals on remote or offshore locations.
Should a Separate Buffer or Barrier Fluid Compatible with the Sealed Product
Be Provided?
This may be gas or liquid as appropriate. This is usually the highest capital cost
solution and also has the highest operating cost.
However, dual pressurized seals with a barrier fluid that is not a VHAP and exceeds
process pressure and un-pressurized dual seals when the buffer fluid is monitored
by a sensor and either the buffer fluid reservoir is vented to a closed-vent system
or the buffer fluid is purged into the process stream with no atmospheric
emissions that are exempt from monthly instrument inspection.
Index 66 
Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines
Selecting the Appropriate Sealing Arrangement
Once the hazard has been assessed, the selection of the appropriate sealing
arrangement may be considered. The arrangements break down into three basic
groups. In addition, the API 682 standard also has a seal selection guideline for
hydrocarbon services. The three groups are:
Use of current technology with untested emission levels.
Use of known, proven and tested limited emission systems.
Use of known, proven and tested zero-emission systems.
Use of Current Technology with Unknown Emission Levels
This classification of sealing technologies would apply only to non-hazardous
applications and older sealing solutions. Typical examples would include:
■ Labyrinth seals on fans, blowers or compressors.
■ Carbon ring seals on small steam turbines.
■ Gas seal (Type 28LD, 28SC) on a vertical pump, fan, or blower with no
secondary containment seal.
■ Single seal not designed for limited emissions and a throttle bushing.
An example of this would be the standard 8B1 with a throttle bushing.
■ Packed gland.
Use of Known, Proven, and Tested Limited-Emission Systems
This applies where there is some hazard assessed, and/or a known limit has been
placed on normal emissions. Typically in the U.S., light hydrocarbon VOC emissions
are reducing to as low as 100 ppm.
In addition, some provisions for limiting releases under emergency conditions,
primary seal failure, or process upset conditions are required. The secondary
containment seal contains the product for a period and permits a controlled
quantity of release. Any emissions directed to the flare may also have to be taken
into account as part of the total site emission level. Typical examples of potentially
acceptable sealing solutions for this degree of hazard would include:
■ Single low-emission seal (Type 48) for acceptable emission levels up to 500
ppm with a bushing as the secondary containment seal for liquid products.
■ API 682 Type A seal in Arrangement 1 (Type 1648) for liquid products.
■ Dual unpressurized seals with an unpressurized liquid buffer fluid for liquid
products. This could be an API 682 seal Types 2648, 5620, 5625, or
2670 with flush Plan 52.
 Table of Contents
■ API 682 Type A, B, or C seal in arrangement II (Types 2CW-CW, 2609HTC,
2609HTL, 2670, 5620, or 5625) with API Flush Plan 52 for liquid products.
■ Segmental bushing (Type SB) on fans and blowers.
■ Gas steam seal on small and medium steam turbines (Type 28ST).
■ Dual gas seals (tandem or two seals in series) with an un-pressurized gas
buffer fluid on compressor services. This could be a Type 28AT/28AT with the
inter-space vented to a flare or safe location.
■ Dual unpressurized seals with the cavity connected to a flare or safe location
on liquid services. Type 48/48SC or Type 670/ECS with the inter-space vented
to a flare or safe location.
Use of Known, Proven, and Tested Zero-Emission Systems
This classification covers duties where the hazard has been assessed to be
significant. A zero-emission sealing solution in normal service is required, together
with a significant degree of security under emergency or process upset conditions
as well as primary seal failure. It may also be used where there is insufficient
product lubrication of the seal faces in normal operation. It is necessary to provide
indications, alarms, and/or trips as appropriate in the event of loss of barrier fluid
for this to be a zero-emission sealing solution. Typical examples of potentially
acceptable sealing solutions for this degree of hazard would include:
■ Dual seal with a pressurized liquid barrier fluid for liquid products. This could
be a Type 48/48 or Type 3670 with either API 682 Flush Plan 53 or 54.
■ API 682 Type A, B, or C seal in Arrangement 3 (Types 3648, 3670, 3609HTC,
3609HTL, 3604HTC, 5620 or 5625) with a pressurized liquid barrier fluid and
API 682 Flush Plan 53 or 54 for liquid products.
■ Back-to-back seals or face-to-face (two seals in opposition) with a pressurized
liquid barrier fluid between the seals for liquid products. This could be a Type
48/48 or Type 670/670 with either Flush Plan 53 or 54.
■ Back-to-back seals or face-to-face seals (two seals in opposition) with a
pressurized gas barrier between the seals for gaseous products on compressor
services. This could be Type 28AT/28AT with flush injection. This is often used on
high seal pressure and vacuum applications.
■ Dual seal (tandem or two seals in series) with a pressurized gas barrier fluid
for gaseous products on compressors. This could be a Type 28AT/28AT with a
gas injection.
Index 67 
Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines
Use of Known, Proven, and Tested Zero-Emission Systems (continued)
■ Dual seals with a pressurized gas barrier between the seals for liquid products.
This could be the Type 2800E, Type 2874 and Type 2874NE.
■ Triple seal using a flare or safe vent connection at the seal cavity. A drain
may also be required. This approach is used as a low-cost alternative to dual
or back-to-back seals with liquid barrier fluids on services such as flashing
hydrocarbons. The cavity is supplied with a sufficient flow rate of inert gas to
prevent any escape of flare or vent gas. A typical combination would be the
Types 48, 28LD, SB or Types 48, Labyrinth, 28SC.
Selecting the Appropriate Secondary Containment Seal
The following outlines various secondary containment seals available and the
applications where they would be considered.
Gaseous Sealing Applications
Centrifugal Compressors
Type 28AT or Type 28XT would be the prime choice for limited or zero emissions,
depending on the sealed pressure. The traditional sealing system is a pressurized
oil film seal. Normally, some form of secondary containment seal is required.
However, for the following equipment, no secondary containment seal is normally
required:
■ Air blowers and fans (small and medium)
■ Large air blowers (<1 MW or 1500 bhp)
■ Steam turbines, small (<200 kW or 250 bhp)
■ Steam turbines, medium (<1500 kW or 2000 bhp)
■ Forced draught fans
■ Induced draught fans
General Liquid Sealing
Fixed bushing, floating bushing, segmental bushing, and lip seal
These devices are used in the event of a primary seal failure as an emergency
containment seal. They are listed in rough order of leakage magnitude:
■ Fixed Bushing
■ Floating bushing
■ Floating segmented bushings
■ Lip Seals
 Table of Contents
Seals similar to the primary liquid seal
This is a common approach where limited or zero emissions are required and
are typically used with API 682 Flush Plans 52, 53, 54 and 55. The outer seal is
normally a generic type to the primary seal, ie., pusher-pusher or metal bellows-
metal bellows. API 682 describes these seals in detail.
Dual gas non-contacting seals are also utilized:Type 2800E, Type 2874 and Type
2874NE.
Gas Seals Type 28LD (28SC)
This is typically used on flashing hydrocarbons as the secondary containment seal
in conjunction with other seals depending on the arrangement chosen. These are
Arrangement 2 Type A, B, or C seals as defined by API 682. Gas seals as secondary
containment seals typically leak more than dry contacting secondary containment
seals.
Dry-Running Contacting Secondary Containment Seals (Type ECS and Type 48SC)
The Type ECS and Type 48SC are used as a secondary containment device for the
control of primary or process seal leakage or to act as a safety/back-up. Momentary
upsets in process systems may cause the pumped product to flash and allow for a
momentary release of high emissions. The secondary containment seal prevents
these emissions from escaping to the atmosphere and allows time for the primary
seal to recover or for a controlled pump to shut down without violating local emission
requirements.
Dry-running seals can have such low leakage and long life that they approach the
performance of wet dual unpressurized seals and can be designed for very low
static leakage at high pressures. To keep emissions low, the containment area is
purged with an inert gas such as nitrogen. The inter-seal area is normally vented
to a flare or an appropriate vapor recovery system.
These dry-running seals require no external lubrication systems, reducing hazards
from buffer fluid contamination and eliminating contaminated fluid disposal problems.
API 682 describes these seal arrangements in detail.
Index 68 
Toxic/Hazardous
Sealing Application Guidelines

Safety and Mechanical Seal Selection

The following should be reviewed as part of the seal selection process: Operations—Effects of equipment leakage adequate:
Interactions—Are there possible dangerous interactions between seal ■ Shutdown controls
components, sealing fluid, or the product? ■ Leak detection
■ Temperature controls
Operations—Is it the right seal for the right application? ■ Vent and spill controls
■ Pressure: suction, discharge, and seal chamber ■ Alarms and sensors for leakage, loss of barrier, loss of buffer,
■ Speed (rpm) empty supply tank, pressure loss
■ Chemical compatibility ■ Stand-by equipment
■ Temperature (sealing fluid and product) ■ Temperature controls

Contamination—Will flush fluid contaminate process fluid?

Regulations—Are all federal, state, local, industry and plant guidelines,

and safety practices being followed and considered?

Failure Hazards—What happens when the equipment leaks?

■ Toxic
■ Corrosive
■ Chemical burn hazard
■ Hot (high temperature)
■ High pressure
■ Explosive
■ Flammable (fire hazard)

Type ECS

 Table of Contents Index 69 

Commercial and Refrigeration
Sealing Application Guidelines

Pool and Spa Refrigeration Compressor

Seals for in-ground and above-ground pools, spas, hot tubs and other leisure Refrigeration compressors for industrial, municipal and commercial environments.
water systems. Typical equipment includes small end-suction pumps of Includes ventilating, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment
0.5-3.0 hp/373 w-2.2 kw. for transportation.
John Crane Seals John Crane Seals
■ Type 6 ■ Type 2

■ Type 6A ■ Type 9B

■ Type 21 ■ Type 8B

■ Type 2100 ■ Metal Bellows

■ Type 2106

Air Compressor
Water Systems Air compressors for plant service and construction. Equipment includes small-to-
Water processing for residential, municipal, agricultural and waste applications. large size, fixed place and mobile compressors and related HVAC equipment.
Typical equipment includes small-to-large centrifugal, submersible and jet pumps.
John Crane Seals
John Crane Seals ■ Type 2
■ Type 1
■ Type 21
■ Type 2
■ Metal Bellows
■ Type 6

■ Type 6A

■ Type 21

■ Type 502

■ Type 2100

■ Type 2106

Industrial
Water processing for manufacturing. Includes vacuum pumps, end-suction pumps,
self-priming pumps, in-line pumps and multistage pumps.
John Crane Seals
■ Type 1
■ Type 2

■ Type 502

■ Metal Bellows

 Table of Contents Index 70 

Chemical
Sealing Application Guidelines

Chemical Services Generally Fall into One of Four Main Fluid Categories:
The JOHN CRANE GLOBAL PRODUCT GUIDE provides seal metallurgy, elastomer
Acids and face material recommendations for approximately 700+ fluids. Also listed
Caustics/Bases are hazard codes, secondary containment requirements, arrangement
recommendations, and special application notes. Strong acids, in particular,
Water can be very aggressive chemically at elevated temperatures, and caustics will
crystallize on the atmospheric side of a seal requiring a quench fluid and possibly
Hydrocarbons hard faces to resist abrasive wear. Many chemicals are hazardous and difficult to
handle and therefore require that special safety precautions be applied. It is very
All chemicals can be categorized according to their pH level. The 0–14 pH scale is important that the combination of fluid temperature and percent concentration be
a rough measure of the acidity of a solution. The pH of distilled water is 7. Any known and considered together, as these conditions can greatly increase the fluid
solution with a pH below 7 (i.e., pH 1.0 to pH 6.9) is an acid (lower is stronger) and corrosiveness and toxicity. Consult the Toxic/Hazardous section of this manual
any solution with a pH above 7 (i.e., pH 7.1 to pH 14) is an alkali (higher is stronger). which provides important information regarding the sealing of these types of
Typical examples of strong acids are hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and fluids. There are also general material reference charts provided for sodium
phosphoric acid. Strong alkaline solutions are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid on
hydroxide. Seal performance in a specific fluid can be greatly influenced by the pages 58– 60.
chemical properties of that fluid, be it acidic or caustic. Therefore, seal selection for
Chemical services vary greatly, making sealing technology
any application must include an evaluation of the fluid properties at the operating
choices often complex. The seal types that offer broad
conditions.
application range and a limited inventory impact include
pH Scale the modular designs incorporated in the Type 5600 line.
Both elastomer and metal bellows seals along with
high performance O-ring pusher seal designs all share
a common hardware set including gland plates and
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 collars. Challenging applications often present
Increasing Acidity Increasing Alkalinity difficult hydraulic conditions including off curve
pump operation, low NPSHA, and high purity sealing
requirements where gas-lubricated non-contacting
seals like the Type 2874, Type 2800E and the Type
Primary Seal Design and Arrangement Selection Criteria Given 2874NE are applied. Seal fit requirements differ world
Chemical Properties: wide from DIN standards, to ANSI and ISO requirements;
■ Materials of Construction Chemical Compatibility John Crane standard seals are designed to comply
with these specifications and fit within the dimensional
■ Seal Face Lubricity constraints of all global equipment standards.
■ Environmental Impact
■ Safety

 Table of Contents Index 71 

Hydrocarbons
Sealing Application Guidelines

Hydrocarbon Fluids Hydrocarbon Definitions

Butadiene Grease Hydrocarbons are chemical compounds made up of hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) atoms.
Butane – Normal (C4) Heptane (C7) The chemistry of oil consists of four major series of hydrocarbon groupings:
Butane – Iso (Isobutane) Hexane (C6)
Butene Lubricating Oil Paraffins — Also called alkanes or saturated hydrocarbons, end in the suffix ane.
Butylene (Isobutylene) Methane (C1 or LPG) Popular paraffins include methane, ethane, propane, and isobutane.
Crude (Reduced) Methanol
Cycle Oil (Light, Heavy) MTBE (Methyl Tert Butyl Ether) Olefins — Also termed alkenes or unsaturated hydrocarbons are formed during
De Butanizer Reflux Pentane (C5), Isopentane crude oil processing and end with the suffix ene. Three common olefins are
De Ethanizer Charge Reflux Propane (C3 or LPG) ethylene, butylene and propylene.
Depropanizer Flux Propene (Propylene)
Distillate – Light Pumparound/Top/Middle Napthenes — Are also referred to as cycloparaffins. The most common napthenes
Jet Fuel (Types A, A-1, and B) Top/Middle/Bottom Reflux are cyclohexane and cyclopentane.
Kerosene Top/Middle/Bottom Cut
Distillate – Medium Reformate Aromatics — Also known as BTXs, are toxic and/or carcinogenic, and are an
Diesel Fuel Residue important feedstock for the chemical industry. Common aromatics include benzene,
#1 Diesel Fuel Atmospheric Residue toluene and xylene.
#2 Diesel Fuel Vacuum Residue
Medium Gas Oil Crude Bottoms Hydrocarbons are most closely associated with the Oil and Gas industry and include a
Distillate – Heavy Vacuum Bottoms number of largely demanded products such as:
Heavy Gas Oil Residuum
Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil Residuals Low-Boiling Products — This group consists of compounds in the gas phase at
Heating Fuel Residual Fuel Oil ambient temperature and pressure and include methane, ethane, propane, butane
Bunker Fuel (Bunker C, #6) Asphalt and their respective olefins such as ethylene and propylene. Propane and butane
Ethane (C2 or LPG) Coke are commonly sold as LPG.
Ethanol Sour Water (w/H2S)
Ethene (Ethylene) Slurry Gasoline — Most gasolines come in four grades: leaded, unleaded regular,
Gasoline (C4 – C11) Cat Cracker Slurry special and premium. Blending components include straight run gasoline, catalytic
Light Straight Run (LSR) Slurry Bottoms reformate, cat and hydrocracked gasoline, polymer, alkylate, normal butane,
Light Naphtha Toluene (C7)
Heavy Straight Run Waxes (Paraffin) magnesium (mmt) and methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE).
Heavy Naphtha Xylene (C8) Jet Fuels — Type A or JP5 jet fuel is 100% kerosene and is used for commercial and
Isomerate
Coker Reformate
Navy jets. Specifications require jet fuel to have a lower freeze point and higher flash
point when compared to gasolines. Type A-1 jet fuel is the same as Type A but with a
lower freeze point. Type B or JP4 is a blend of kerosene and naphtha.
Typical Crude Oil Fractions
Automotive Diesel Fuel — The two major diesel fuels are conveniently called #1 and
Approximate Carbon #2. #1 diesel fuel is primarily used for trucks and buses. #2 diesel fuel is very similar
Component or Fraction Boiling Point Range (Typical) Composition Range
to #2 fuel oil and is primarily used for automobiles.
Butanes or lighter <90°F/<32.2°C C1 – C4
Gasoline 90°F to 220°F/32.2°C to 104.4°C C5 – C10
Heating/Fuel Oils — The phrase “fuel oil” is generally used to imply a blend
consisting of heavy oils obtained as residue from distillation or cracking, after the
Naphtha 220°F to 360°F/104.4°C to 160°C C9 – C11
lighter hydrocarbons have been removed. Specifications for fuel oils vary greatly but
Kerosene 360°F to 450°F/160°C to 232°C C11 – C12 are usually separated by different viscosities. #1, 2, 4 and 6 are the common fuel
Light gas oil, diesel 450°F to 600°F/232°C to 315°C C12– C18 oils. #1 fuel oil is very similar to kerosene. #2 fuel oil is primarily used in home
Heavy gas oil 600°F to 800°F/315°C to 426°C C18– C30 heating. #6, commonly called Bunker C, is also used by utilities.
Residue >800°F/>426°C C30+

 Table of Contents Index 72 

Hydrocarbons
Sealing Application Guidelines
API 682 Seal Selection Guidelines for Flashing
and Non-Flashing Hydrocarbon Service
The American Petroleum Institute’s API Standard 682 covers mechanical seals for
pumps for use in petroleum refinery services. The standard incorporates a seal
selection procedure providing the user with a standard methodology for selecting a
seal for a variety of refinery (hydrocarbon) services. The procedure is designed to
default to the most commonly used seal types and systems for typical refinery
services. Refer to the API 682 section of this booklet that provides you with the
John Crane API 682 seal offering. The eight main stages described by API 682 are:
1. Define the service
2. Define the fluid to be sealed
3. Select the primary seal
4. Assess the hazard
5. Select the appropriate seal arrangement
6. Select the secondary containment seal
7. Select the appropriate flush or quench
8. Select the buffer or barrier fluid
API 610
Most hydrocarbon pumps (especially oil and gas industry process pumps) are
specified to the API standard for centrifugal pumps (API 610). The API 682 standard
replaces the long-standing mechanical seals specification section found in the API
610 pump standard. API 610 defaults to API 682 for seal design.
 Table of Contents
Flashing Hydrocarbons
These are defined as hydrocarbons with a vapor pressure >14.7 psi(a)/1 bar(a) at
pumping temperature. Flashing is a rapidly changing fluid state from liquid to gas.
Flashing generally occurs before the fluid passes all the way across the faces.
API 682 classifies a flashing hydrocarbon as having a vapor pressure above
atmospheric pressure. For non-API 682 applications, a figure less than 50 psi(g)/
3-5 bar(g) above the vapor pressure at pumping temperature would be considered
flashing.
In general, the lighter the specific gravity the less lubricating properties the fluid
has for cooling and lubricating the mechanical seal. Of prime importance is the
PV (Pressure-Velocity) relationship centering around the conditions that exist at
the sealing interface. In association with light specific gravity fluids, the issue of
vaporization, where the fluid can undergo a phase change (flash) from a liquid to
a vapor is an important consideration.
It is recommended that the seal chamber pressure have at least a 30% margin
between the seal chamber pressure and the maximum fluid vapor pressure or have
at least a 36°F/20°C product temperature margin based upon the maximum seal
chamber temperature. However, each application should be examined based on its
own characteristics for proper seal recommendations.
Notes:
1) Hot hydrocarbons such as residues and slurries are actually classified as flashing hydrocarbons per API 682. It is
important to properly classify these services since the flush plans for flashing and non-flashing hydrocarbons differ.
Flashing Hydrocarbons can be broken down into two main groups:
• The first are generally called light hydrocarbons and refer to products which are a gas at room temperature such as
methane, ethane, propane, and butane (normal and iso).
• The second group of products are those which can form a gas at pumping temperature and atmospheric pressure
and include crude and vacuum unit residues, visbreaker products, and FCCU (Fluidic Catalytic Cracking Unit) and
hydrocracker bottom products.
Index 73 
Hydrocarbons
Sealing Application Guidelines

The Type 1648 multiple spring pusher (API 682 Categories 2 and 3, Type A, Arrangement 1) seal with computer-optimized sealing faces is specified within API 682 for
sealing low temperature flashing hydrocarbons. The Type 1648 seal is designed to minimize the pressure distortion and flashing potential of light hydrocarbon fluids to
provide long seal life and low fugitive emissions. Typically, a Plan 11 flush or a Plan 23 is applied depending on the pumping temperature. If the pumping temperature is
above 140°F/60°C, a circulating device should be added. Dual unpressurized and dual pressurized seals may also be considered for these services, especially LPGs.

Non-Flashing Hydrocarbons
These are defined as hydrocarbons with a vapor pressure <14.7 psi(a)/1 bar(a), at pumping temperature. They are usually liquid or solid at room temperature and pressure.
They break down into three main groups:

Group 1: Gasolines — Gasolines range from C4s to C11s and can include: Group 3: Residuums — These are often referred to as the “bottoms” and
are often feedstocks to conversion units, such as visbreakers, FCCUs, and
■ Light Straight Run Gasoline or Light Naphtha (C5) which contains an excessive
hydrocrackers. What is left is used for asphalt production, coke production,
sulfur content.
or ship’s bunker fuel.
■ Heavy Straight Run Gasoline or Heavy Naphtha which can come from the
crude distillation unit, coker unit, or FCCU or hydrocracker unit. It is generally a
feedstock for the catalytic reformer unit.
■ Reformate is the product of improved gasoline from the catalytic reforming unit.
It has a higher aromatic content than the straight run gasolines.

Group 2: Distillates — Distillates can be divided into three types: jet fuels, diesel
fuels, and heating oils. They are blended from a variety of process streams to form the
required specification.
■ Jet Fuels: The principal properties of jet fuels are a low freezing point, a low
smoke point, and a higher flash point than gasolines.
■ Diesel Fuels: Important properties of diesel fuels are their volatility, viscosity,
and ignition quality. There are various grades, depending upon the application,
and there are mixtures of straight run fraction, heavy naphtha, heavy kerosenes,
and cycle oils.
■ Heating Oils: #1 heating oil is similar to kerosene and #2 heating oil is more
like a diesel oil. The sulfur content of heating oils is usually higher than
other distillates.

 Table of Contents Index 74 

Hydrocarbons
Sealing Application Guidelines

John Crane Recommendations for Non-Flashing Hydrocarbons

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Other Notes and Special Features - Flashing and Non-Flashing Hydrocarbon Chart
Temp. F° -40 to 20 -40 to 20 20 to 350 20 to 350 350 to 500 350 to 500 500 to 750 500 to 750
C° -40 to -5 -40 to -5 -5 to 176 -5 to 176 176 to 260 176 to 260 260 to 400 260 to 400 These seal selection charts are simplified guidelines. Good judgement should always be
the rule. The following notes and special features may apply as noted in the charts.
psi(g) <300 <300 <300 Contact John Crane Engineering if there are any questions.
Cat. 2/3 Cat. 1
Pressure

bar(g) <22 <22 <22

Notes:
psi(g) <300 300 to 600 <300 300 to 600 <300 300 to 600 <300 300 to 600 1) High pressure bellows design (double-ply bellows). Refer to John Crane
bar(g) <22 22 to 42 <22 22 to 42 <22 22 to 42 <22 22 to 42
Engineering.
Cat. 1 5610Q 5610Q 5610Q (7) 2) Engineered sealing system using metal bellows seals. Refer to John Crane
Default

Cat. 2 1648 1648 1648 1648 1604/1604HTC 1648 (7) 1604/1604HTC 1604/1604HTC (1) Engineering.
Cat. 3 1648 1648 1648 1648 1604/1604HTC 1648 (7) 1604/1604HTC 1604/1604HTC (1)

Refer to John Crane Engineering

3) Engineered sealing system using pusher seals. Possibly multiple seal arrangement.
Refer to John Crane Engineering.
Optional

Cat. 1 5615Q 5615Q 5615Q (7)

Cat. 2 1670 1670 (1) 1670 1670 (1) 1648 (7) 1604/1604HTC (1) (2) (2) 6) Requires pumping ring above 140°F/60°C and perfluoroelastomer if pumping
Cat. 3 1670 1670 (1) 1670 1670 (1) 1648 (7) 1604/1604HTC (1) (2) (2)
temp. is above 350°F/176°C.
7) May require perfluoroelastomer and external cooling. Refer to John Crane
Optional

Cat. 1
Cat. 2 1604/1604HTC 1604/1604HTC (1) 1604/1604HTC 1604/1604HTC (1) 1604/1604HTC (7) (1, 2, 3) (3) (3) Engineering.
Cat. 3 1604/1604HTC 1604/1604HTC (1) 1604/1604HTC 1604/1604HTC (1) 1604/1604HTC (7) (1, 2, 3) (3) (3)
8) May require external cooling to reduce vapor pressure and increase viscosity,
Req. Special
b b h h h h
refer to John Crane Engineering.
Features
9) John Crane recommendations for using single metal bellows seals in flashing
Abrasive
Particulates d d d d d d d d services include:
-Carbon vs. silicon carbide or tungsten carbide faces.
Caustic c c c c
-Viscosity above 0.4 cP.
Aromatics and/or H2S c c c c -Ratio of seal chamber pressure to vapor pressure must be more than 1.5.
Amines e e e e -Consider arrangement 2 with liquid buffer system if viscosity and vapor pressure
criteria cannot be met.
John Crane Recommendations for Flashing Hydrocarbons -Consider arrangement 2 with dry containment seal if low emissions are required.
-Always refer to John Crane Engineering.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Other
Temp. F° -40 to 20 -40 to 20 20 to 350 20 to 350 350 to 500 350 to 500 500 to 750 500 to 750
C° -40 to -5 -40 to -5 -5 to 176 -5 to 176 176 to 260 176 to 260 260 to 400 260 to 400 Required Special Features:
a. Ammonia resistant carbon graphite when carbon graphite is used (John Crane 9036).
psi(g) <300 <300 <300 b. Nitrile (Buna-N) when O-rings are used (John Crane 9501).
Cat. 2/3 Cat. 1
Pressure

bar(g) <22 <22 <22

c. Chemical resistant perfluoroelastomer when O-rings are used (John Crane 9579).
psi(g) <300 300 to 600 <300 300 to 600 <300 300 to 600 <300 300 to 600 d. Hardface vs hardface (default silicon carbide vs. silicon carbide; optional tungsten
bar(g) <22 22 to 42 <22 22 to 42 <22 22 to 42 <22 22 to 42 carbide vs. silicon carbide).
Cat. 1 5610Q 5610Q 5610Q (7)
e. Amine resistant perfluoroelastomer when O-rings are used (John Crane 9579).
Default

Cat. 2 1648 1648 1648 1648 1604/1604HTC (8) 1648 (7) 1604/1604HTC 1604 (1) f. Circulating device (either radial flow or axial flow pumping ring is acceptable).
Cat. 3 1648 1648 1648 1648 1604/1604HTC (8) 1648 (7) 1604/1604HTC 1604 (1) g. Single spring instead of multiple springs.
h. High temperature perfluoroelastomer when O-rings are used (John Crane 9580).
Optional

Cat. 1 5615Q (9) 5615Q (9) 5615Q (9)

Cat. 2 1670 (9) 1670 (1,9) 1670 (9) 1670 (1,9) 1648 (7) 1604/1604HTC (9) (2) (2)
Cat. 3 1670 (9) 1670 (1,9) 1670 (9) 1670 (1,9) 1648 (7) 1604/1604HTC (9) (2) (2)
Optional

Cat. 1
Cat. 2 1604/1604HTC (9) 1604/1604HTC (1) 1604/1604HTC 1604/1604HTC (1) 1604/1604HTC (7) (1, 2, 3) (3) (3)
Cat. 3 1604/1604HTC (9) 1604/1604HTC (1) 1604/1604HTC 1604/1604HTC (1) 1604/1604HTC (7) (1, 2, 3) (3) (3)

Req. Special
Features b b h h h h

Abrasive d d d d d d d d
Particulates
Caustic c c c c
Aromatics and/or H2S c c c c
Amines e e e e
Ammonia a a a a a a a a

 Table of Contents Index 75 

Hydrocarbons
Sealing Application Guidelines
Seal Selection Guidelines
Abrasion (High Wear)
Abrasives typically do not present a complicated problem in most petroleum
services. However, there are some services that pose an abrasive environment,
such as crude oil (especially heavier crude oils) and asphalt which can contain
contaminants that can affect the materials of construction and flush plans
selected. The key to successfully sealing abrasive fluids is to keep the abrasive
solids in suspension and select seal face materials that will withstand the abrasive
attack. Hard faces, such as silicon carbide vs. silicon carbide or silicon carbide vs.
tungsten carbide, are often used to handle abrasive fluids.
Vacuum Bottoms is also an application that is dirty and abrasive, typically containing
all of the abrasives left over from processing and requires hard faces. New systems
construction debris and iron oxide can also create an abrasive environment for
the seal.
Coking
Coking can generally be described as carbon deposits or build-up, often associated
with high temperature (usually > 350°F/175°C) hydrocarbon applications, on the
atmospheric side of the seal. Coking is typically alleviated with a steam quench API
Plan 11/62, 23/62 or 21/61 (Note: Flush Plan 23 is recommended over Flush Plan 21)
Flow guide or steam deflectors (anti-coking baffle) are utilized in the seal design
(refer to Type 1604) to direct steam to the seal faces. Other helpful practices are to
use a steam trap on quench Plan 62 to remove any entrained water and to ensure
that the steam is superheated (typically >250°F/120°C) all the time to reduce coke
formation. One way to keep the steam hot is to wrap the steam supply line twice
around the pump discharge line en route to the quench connection on the seal.
When using an API Plan 11 (recirculation from discharge) it is important to realize
that when the pump is not in operation, coking may eventually build up in the
piping and choke the recirculation flow. If this is a problem, steam heat tracing the
recirculation line or an API Plan 32 (clean flush from external source) are options.
Contaminants
These can affect the materials selection for the primary seal, as well as the sealing
arrangement and flush plans to be selected. Typical contaminants can include any
one or more abrasives, aromatics, caustics, chlorides, coke crystallizing substances,
H2S, polymerizing substances, sand, or water. The seal arrangement, materials and
flush plans should be reviewed in the light of the contaminants present.
 Table of Contents
Corrosion
High temperature crude corrosivity is a major concern in refineries due to the
increased use of sour crudes having the presence of naphthenic acid and sulfur
compounds. Refining with crude oils with a Total Acid Number (TAN) higher than
0.5 and cuts with a TAN higher than 1.5 are considered to be potentially corrosive
between 450°F/230°C and 750°F/400°C. Sulfur at a level of 0.2% and above found
in sour crude is known to be corrosive from 450°F/230°C to 850°F/455°C. The trend
for refiners to utilize highly acidic oils will continue since these oils can be refined
at much higher margins. Crude oils from Venezuela, the North Sea, India, China,
Western Africa, California and Russia typically have a high content of naphthenic
acid.
Naphthenic acid is a generic name used for all of the organic acids present in crude
oils. High temperature corrosive environments are prevalent in refinery distillation
units. Crude furnaces, transfer lines, feedstock heaters, feed and reflux sections of
columns, atmospheric and vacuum columns, heat exchangers, condensers are
commonly subject to this corrosion.
Napthenic acid corrosion manifests itself as isolated, deep pits in partially filmed
areas and/or impingement attack in essentially film-free areas. Damage is in the
form of unexpected high corrosion rates on alloys that would normally resist sulfidic
corrosion. Traditionally, plating the exposed metallurgy in high temperature welded
metal bellows seals was a way to combat the corrosion.
The Type 604HTC and Type 609HTC high temperature welded metal bellows seals
enable the use of an all-inconel metallurgy (resistant to corrosive attack) and unique
face seal technology that provides exceptional face stability and adapts to a wide
range of temperature extremes found in high temperature, corrosive environments.
The all-inconel seal eliminates the need for costly plating and can extend MTBR.
Fluid Viscosity
For hot or cold service pumps, operating scenarios including normal operation,
standby and shutdown should be considered in each case.
Index 76 
Hydrocarbons
Sealing Application Guidelines
Hot Services
For flashing and non-flashing hydrocarbon services above 500°F/260°C and under
800°F/430°C, within its pressure limits, the high temperature Types 1604, 1604HTC,
2609HTL, 3609HTL, 2609HTC, 3609HTC, 3604, 3604HTC, and 3604HTCDP seals
should be considered.
Hot temperatures can lead to accelerated corrosion rates, coking, flashing, or
hardening of the product in the seal chamber. It is therefore necessary to control
the sealed fluid temperature through the use of flushes, gland jackets, pump
jackets and steam quenches. Pay particular attention to vapor suppression control
and preventing coke formation. These duties encompass most of the refinery
residue, bottoms and cracking applications.
Note: When pump jackets are used, the fluid in the seal chamber should not be circulated unless API Plan 23 is used.
Cryogenics and Low Temperatures
These applications involve liquids at extremely low temperatures (<-100°F/-73°C).
Low temperatures are typically required to maintain the fluid in a liquid form. Most
cryogenic fluids have poor lubricating properties. In refineries, low temperature and
cryogenic fluids are typically the liquified petroleum gases (LPGs), such as butane,
isobutane, propane, butylene, and ethane.
■ Dual seals with a barrier fluid between them are generally required for cryogenics.
Compatibility with the cryogenic fluid, lubricity, and availability at the pump site should be
considered when selecting barrier fluids. Material selection is critical in these applications.
■ Dual seals in methane, ethylene, and ethane require a moisture-drying process, using
methanol, to prevent ice formation in both the pump and seal chamber before startup.
■
Welded metal bellows seals are used in cryogenic applications with temperatures
below the operating temperature of O-rings, since bellows seals incorporate flexible
graphite secondary seals.
Light Ends
Light ends or light hydrocarbons are referred to as “light” because they consist of
hydrocarbon products having the lowest specific gravity, generally 0.5 and below
(Note: some sources classify light ends from C6 hydrocarbons hexane to 0.68 sg. and
below) These products range progressively from C1 hydrocarbons, such as methane,
through ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane, isobutane, butane, butadiene, to C5
hydrocarbons of pentane and isopentane. Although termed as gases (methane,
ethane, propane and butane), many of these products are still in the liquid state in the
atmospheric distillation unit and typically have operating temperatures of 90°F/32°C
and below. Typically, light end applications are non-corrosive; but if a corrosive
condition exists, Hastelloy and Inconel materials should be utilized.
 Table of Contents
Light ends require a certain amount of pressure to keep the liquid from vaporizing
at any given temperature. This is known as the vapor pressure. The lighter
the gravity, the higher the pressure required to keep it liquid. Depending on
temperature and specific gravity, pumping at high pressures may be needed to
prevent a liquid from vaporizing into gas. For example, hydrocarbons with specific
gravities of 0.4 to 0.55, can usually have pressures that range around 300 psi(g)/
20 bar(g) Type 48 pusher seals are recommended for low temperature applications
while a double-ply inconel bellows is needed for higher pressure high temperature
applications.
■ Dual seal arrangements are typically used for methane, ethylene, ethane, propylene,
propane, isobutene, butane, and butadiene. Secondary containment seals (Type 2648-
3C) are also used in services such as propane and butane. However, environmental
and safety considerations often dictate dual seals for all of these products. Whenever
vaporization is a concern for low specific gravity fluids, it is recommended that the
barrier fluid be a minimum of 25-30 psi/1.7-2.0 bar above vapor pressure of
the pumped fluid.
Secondary Containment Seals for Light Hydrocarbon Duties
Application of mechanical containment seals has particularly increased on light
hydrocarbon duties (fluids with sg ≤0.5), where single seals would find it difficult
to maintain compliance with local and national emission regulations. Options for
secondary containment include dry contacting and non-contacting containment
seals now formally recognized in API 682 as a selection option in the arrangement
two configuration and in all three categories.
■ John Crane secondary containment seals include dry contacting seals such as the
Type 48SC and Type ECS and non-contacting Types 28SC and 28LD. These secondary
containment seals can maintain emissions well below EPA levels in the event of a
primary seal failure and provide effective containment of liquids, gases, and fluid
mixtures.
Vacuum Services
Vacuum services call for special design considerations usually associated with
ensuring adequate pressure in the sealing chamber, pressure reversal, and mating
ring retention. Dual seals perform well in vacuum services. When single seals are
used, the seal chamber pressure must be increased by injecting a flush, either from
discharge or from an external source, and installing a close-clearance bushing.
Index 77 
Hydrocarbons
Sealing Application Guidelines
Thermosensitive and Viscous Fluids
Thermosensitive and viscous fluids can harden or solidify in the pump seal
chamber if heated or cooled beyond certain limits, such as resins, asphalt,
and heavy crude oils.
Viscosity of a crude oil, fraction, or product is a measurement of that compound’s
resistance to flow at a specific temperature. The higher the viscosity, the thicker
the fluid. Generally, viscosity falls as the temperature of the fluid is raised.
Pumps equipped with jacketed seal chambers and/or jacketed glands may be used
to handle these products. Vents and drain gland connections should be used as
needed to provide a steam quench to heat or cool the seal area and to provide
cleaning.
Hard face seal combinations are normally recommended. If utilizing a bellows seal,
drive lugs in the rotary head may be necessary.
If allowed to cool to ambient temperatures, many hydrocarbons can solidify,
forming asphalt or tar. Prior to startup, these pumps require significant heating
to reduce the viscosity of the pumped fluid to a manageable level. The standby
pumps on each duty should have a warm through line from the operating pump
permanently open.
 Table of Contents
Dangerous/Hazardous Fluids
Examples of hydrocarbon hazardous products or processes typically include:
■ Carcinogenic Products ■ Products Above Their Autoignition Temperature
■ Toxic Products ■ High Pressure Duties
These applications are covered in the Toxic/Hazardous section of this booklet.
Many hydrocarbon applications are considered Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
and Volatile Hazardous Air Pollutants (VHAPs).
High Pressure
High pressure sealing is of particular concern, since it usually involves sealing
dynamically at relatively low pressures and also sealing statically at high pressures.
In all of these cases, an engineering review should be considered.
Duties particularly concerned include the high pressure refining duties, such as the
unit charge pumps on the hydrocrackers or hydroheaters.
Some general rules of seal families follow:
■ Below 1200 psi(g)/82 bar(g), use the core range of seal products. Engineering will
advise when this can be lifted to 1450 psi(g)/100 bar(g) to align with ANSI piping
limits. Above 1200 psi(g)/82 bar(g) static or dynamic sealing pressure, consult
John Crane Engineering.
■ If bellows seals are required at higher pressures, double-ply
bellows should be utilized, which raises the pressure
capability to 1000 psi(g)/69 bar(g).
Index 78 
Hydrocarbons
Sealing Application Guidelines
John Crane Seals
API 682 Cartridge Seals
John Crane supplies American Petroleum Institute (API) standard seal
configurations that are fully qualified and comply with all API 682 Category 1, 2,
and 3 technical design requirements. Types 1648, 2648, 3648 Type A pusher seals,
Types 1604, 1604HTC, 2609HTL, 3609HTL, 2609HTC, 3609HTC, 3604, 3604HTC,
3604HTCDP Type C seals, and Type 1670 Type B metal bellows seals are the
preferred choices for safe, reliable, single and dual unpressurized and pressurized
seal arrangements.
Type 48 Family of Cartridge Seals
Whether configured as the Type 48 for API 610 pumps, or as
an API 682 version, this seal family is specifically designed
for the petroleum industry. The Type 48 is developed
specifically for single seal installations to attain Maximum
Achievable Control Technology (MACT) compliance in light
hydrocarbons and other VOCs.
Type 8B1
The Type 8B1 is a rugged mechanical seal that is available in a wide variety of
elastomers for handling practically every industrial fluid.
Universal Cartridge Type 5600 Family of Seals
This lower-duty seal family, designed to ANSI and DIN standards, is today’s option
for less demanding refinery duties, such as those found in the utility area of a plant.
These seals can be furnished as a pusher or bellows type seal merely by a change
of the seal heads, significantly reducing spare parts inventory.
 Table of Contents
High and Low Temperature Metal Bellows Seals
The Types 609, 606, and 604 metal bellows seals are designed specifically for high
temperature liquid sealing applications to 800°F/425°C. Typical duties include:
Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU), slurry and atmospheric or vacuum distillation
pumps, and coking applications.
The Types 604HTC and 609HTC are the solutions for high temperature high
corrosive sealing environments for refineries utilizing high sulfur (sour) crudes
that produce corrosive by-products such as naphthanic acid.
The low temperature Type 670, with its all-alloy C-276, corrosion-resistant
construction, is intended for crystallizing, caustic and acid services.
Type 2800 Family of Non-Contacting, Gas Pump Seals
This cost-effective family of seals is specifically designed for pumping applications
where zero leakage of critical or hazardous fluids is required. These dual seals
utilize a dry gas barrier with a simple control panel to maintain the seal. The
Types 2874 and 2874NE non-contacting seals include the latest technology for
reliable and cost effective sealing solutions and both seal types are qualified for
API 682 applications.
Secondary Containment Seals
Contacting, dry-running seals such as the Types 48SC, ECS, 28SC and 28LD (non-
contacting) are effective solutions for meeting emission requirements and acting as
safety backups while eliminating the need for liquid barrier systems.
The Type 28SC is a non-contacting dry gas secondary containment seal that
provides long life and is ideal for light flashing hydrocarbons in remote locations.
Seal Support Systems
John Crane is your complete source for liquid or gas seal support systems for
rotating mechanical equipment. Products include reservoir systems, heat exchangers,
abrasive separators, gas control panels, lubricators, and API 682 support systems.
John Crane can provide the right piping plan and sealing system to meet the
requirements of API 682. John Crane auxiliary piping systems comply with API 682
Table 4 Group 1 (mechanical seal flush and cooling systems), Group 2 (quench
systems), and Group 3 (cooling-water systems).
Index 79 
API 682
Sealing Application Guidelines

American Petroleum Institute Standard 682 is a stand-alone seal standard for Type Arrangement
centrifugal and rotary pumps used in the petroleum refining and chemical Type A: Pusher Seal Arrangement 1: Single Seal
industries. In keeping with the standard’s stated purpose, API 682 strives to promote — O-rings/Multiple Springs
the best practices in the selection and operation of mechanical seals to extend seal
life to a minimum of three years service. The scope of the standard includes seals Type B: Metal Bellows Seal Arrangement 2: Dual Unpressurized
for API 610 pumps and large bore ANSI, ASME, chemical-duty process pumps. — O-rings
John Crane supplies qualification-tested mechanical seals in accordance with Type C: High temp. Metal Bellows Seal Arrangement 3: Dual Pressurized
API 682. These seals are the preferred choice for safe, reliable, single and dual seal — Flexible Graphite Packings
arrangements specifically engineered for dependable sealing of light hydrocarbons,
caustics, water, hot oil and other volatile organic compounds. The standard covers
an expanded range of oil and gas applications that now includes ANSI pumps, Maximum Operating Limits
dry-running secondary containment seals, and non-contacting, gas-lubricated
seal designs. John Crane Types A, B, and C Contacting Wet Seals for Categories 2 and 3

Type A Seals Type B Seals Type C Seals

API 682 Seal Categories Standard Seal Types/Arrangements
Temperature: -40°F to 500°F/ -100°F to 500°F/ -330°F to 800°F/
API 682 has established three distinct The API 682 seal selection procedure -40°C to 260°C -75°C to 260°C -201°C to 425°C
seal categories summarized below: provides a recommended seal type,
arrangement and flush plan for typical Pressure: Up to 1000 psi(g)/ Vacuum to 300 psi(g)/ Vacuum to 360 psi(g)/
Category 1: Chemical and 69 bar(g) 20 bar(g) 25 bar(g)
petrochemical industry pumps. refinery services. Within each of the
Heavy-duty seals designed for ANSI three seal categories, API defines Speed: Up to 5000 fpm/ Up to 5000 fpm/ Type 1604HTC:
enlarged-bore seal chambers. three primary seal types and 25 m/s 25 m/s Up to 10,000 fpm/50 m/s
arrangements (see right). Type 2609HTC/3609HTC:
Category 2: Oil and gas industry
pumps. Seals designed to handle All standard mechanical Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
those services previously defined as seals, regardless of type
API 610 applications. Seals contain the or arrangement, will
same qualification-tested components be of the cartridge
and arrangements as Category 3 design. A cartridge
API 682 cartridge seals. design consists of
a mechanical seal
Category 3: Oil and gas industry unit with sleeve,
pumps. Premium seals meeting the gland, primary
highest specification of API 682 design seals, secondary
criteria and requiring full qualification seals, etc., that can be
test reports. These premium products tested as a unit and
contain optimal seal features and installed as a unit.
designs.

 Table of Contents Index 80 

API 682
Sealing Application Guidelines

API 682 Test Qualification API 682 Seals Category 1

Qualification testing is intended to
provide end users with confidence of
the capability of the seal to operate
reliably in various environments. This
procedure is designed to default to the
most commonly used seal types and
systems for typical refinery services.
All arrangements of John Crane’s
API 682 seals have been qualification
tested in accordance with API 682
protocol for flashing and non-flashing
hydrocarbon services and for
non–hydrocarbon services. Testing
was conducted in John Crane’s
state-of-the-art Technology Testing
Center as well as in other testing
facilities worldwide.
Emissions during the flashing
hydrocarbon test are measured in
accordance with EPA (Environmental
Protection Agency) Method 21.
Seal Selection Arrangement Type A Type B Type C Description
API 682 includes a seal selection 1 5610Q 5615Q * Contacting wet single seal
procedure that provides a
2 5620P 5625P * Dual liquid buffer
recommended seal category, type,
arrangement, and flush plan for 2 5620D 5625D * Contacting dry secondary containment
typical refinery services. The vast 3 5620P 5625P * Liquid barrier fluid face-to-back
majority of these services are 3 2874 2874NE * Gas barrier 0–300 psi(g)/0–21 bar(g)
expected to be in the following
categories: Note: Fixed carbon bushing standard on single seals.
■ Temperatures from -40°F to 500°F/
Designs enhanced to comply with API 682 design requirements
-40°C to 260°C
API 682 Seals Category 2
■ Pressures less than 600 psi(g)/40
bar(g) Arrangement Type A Type B Type C Description
■ Water, sour water, caustics, amines, 1 1648 1670 1604HTC Contacting wet single seal
acids and various hydrocarbons 2 2648 2670 2609HTC Liquid buffer
(flashing and non-flashing) 2 2648 2670 2609HTC Secondary containment seal
■ Low solids content 3 3648 3670 3609HTC Liquid barrier
■ Low or modest viscosity 3 2874 2874NE 2874NE Gas barrier
Note: Floating carbon bushing standard on single seals.

Seal Support Systems

John Crane can provide you with the API 682 Seals Category 3
right piping plan and sealing system Arrangement Type A Type B Type C Description
to meet the requirements of API 682. 1 1648 1670 1604HTC Contacting wet single seal
John Crane auxiliary piping systems
comply with API 682. 2 2648 2670 2609HTC Liquid buffer
2 2648 2670 2609HTC Secondary containment seal
3 3648 3670 3609HTC Liquid barrier
3 2874 2874NE 2874NE Gas barrier
Note: Floating carbon bushing standard on single seals, with documentation
* Not applicable

 Table of Contents Index 81 

Secondary Containment
Sealing Application Guidelines

A secondary containment device is a means of containing and controlling leakage
from a mechanical seal, it operates primarily in the leakage from the process seal.
There are many different types of secondary containment devices, such as bushings,
packing and mechanical seals. Selection of secondary containment devices and
systems will depend on the level of leakage to the atmosphere that is considered
acceptable during normal operation, upsets, and in the event of process seal leakage.
By definition, the secondary containment device does not necessarily have the
performance or rating of the primary seal. However, it may be able to temporarily
tolerate seal cavity pressure and fluid in the event of leakage from the primary seal.
Dry-Running Contacting Secondary Containment Seals
In order to meet emission regulations, which are designed to limit the amount of
leakage allowed from rotating equipment, users of mechanical seals are required
to use the most cost-effective and reliable sealing method. Dry-running secondary
containment seals offer many of these benefits:
Effective sealing solution for meeting emission requirements, while
eliminating the need for liquid barrier systems.
Contain nominal leakage from the primary seal and act as a backup
providing an additional level of safety during process or system
upsets.
Successfully control VOC and VHAP emissions (Volatile Organic
Compound and Volatile Hazardous Air Pollutant) and are not subject
to monthly emission monitoring.
Eliminate hazards from buffer fluid contamination and fluid disposal.
Available in low-temperature O-ring pusher and bellows designs
and high temperature bellows design.
Typical Fluid Applications Include:
■ Hydrocarbons (Flashing/Non-Flashing)
■ Heat Transfer Fluids
■ LNG/LPG/NGL
■ Mild Acids
■ Sour Water
■ Condensates
■ Chemicals
■ Aqueous Solutions
API 682 specification recognizes the capability of dry-running and non-contacting
secondary containment seals to contain primary seal emissions and act as a
reserve safety seal in the event of a primary seal failure. A dry-running secondary
containment seal can also be used to contain any increased emissions from the
inner seal during operational upsets. Instead of being released to atmosphere,
leakage from the primary seal is captured and sent to the flare or vapor recovery
system in emission-sensitive applications, or is sent to a drain for collection in
specific applications where leakage is in liquid form. Typically, nitrogen can be
introduced at a pressure slightly greater than the flare or vapor recovery system
pressure to reduce potential emissions.
A pressure regulator is recommended when the flare or vapor recovery system
can operate at a negative pressure. The pressure regulator will maintain a positive
pressure in the outer seal cavity.
Piping plan recommendations per API 682 for emission containment seals:
■ API Plan 71 ■ API Plan 72 ■ API Plan 75 ■ API Plan 76
Consult John Crane for the recommended high temperature piping plan when
utilizing the Type ECS as a safety backup in high temperature applications. If
coking is a concern, continuously purging the Type ECS cavity with dry steam
can be considered (injection pressures should be no more than 0.3 bar(g)/5 psi(g)).

 Table of Contents Index 82 

Secondary Containment
Sealing Application Guidelines
Seal Products
Type 48SC/S48SC
Low temperature O-ring pusher seal
■ Temperature:
-20°F to 400°F/-29°C to 205°C
■ Pressure*:
Dry: 5 psi(g)/0.35 bar(g) continuous
Wet: 1000 psi(g)/69 bar(g)
■ Speed:
Up to 4000 fpm/20 m/s
Type ECS
(Emission Containment Seal) Low
and High Temperature Welded Metal
Bellows Seal
■ Temperature:
Low temp.: –20°F to 400°F/–29°C to 205°C
High temp.: Up to 800°F/425°C
■ Pressure**:
Dynamic containment (wet):
Up to 300 psi(g)/20 bar(g)
Static containment (wet and dry):
Up to 450 psi(g)/31 bar(g)
Dynamic (dry): Up to 15 psi(g)/1 bar(g)
■ Speed:
Up to 5000 fpm/25 m/s
* Check basic pressure rating and performance
capabilities on your appropriate
primary seal selection.
** Maximum containment pressure
rating under dynamic conditions
dependent upon process fluid
properties. Shutdown upon
high pressure alarm activation
is recommended.
 Table of Contents
Type 28SC/28LD
Dry-Running
Non-Contacting
Gas Seals
A dry-running non-contacting seal can
be used as a secondary containment
seal in a dual unpressurized
arrangement to contain any leakage
from the inner primary seal. In the event
of inner seal leakage, the fluid is
contained since the closing forces on the
secondary seal would be greater than
the spiral groove pressure. The
containment seal now acts as a wet
spiral groove seal until the unit can be
shut down for inner seal repair. The
buffer system must be vented with a
check valve to minimize leakage.
Type 28SC/28LD seals are recommended
as safety backups for liquid seals on
applications such as unattended pump
stations. In a dual unpressurized
arrangement, the Type 28SC/28LD seals
require no liquid lubrication, but need to
be vented through a check valve and can
be monitored by a pressure switch.
■ Temperature:
-40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
■ Pressure:
Type 28SC
Dry: To 44 psi(g)/3 bar(g)
Wet: To 580 psi(g)/40 bar(g)
Type 28LD
To 225 psi(g)/15.5 bar(g) per
single sealing stage
■ Speed: Up to 5000 fpm/25 m/s
For vacuum or high pressure services, consult
John Crane Engineering.
TYPE SB Fixed Bushing
Segmented Bushings The most basic secondary seal is the
The segmented carbon bushing fixed bushing, which is a one-piece
meets the requirements of API 682 for non-contacting ring. To operate, the
standard floating carbon bushing and fixed bushing must have a significant
has a finer, close clearance to shaft radial clearance around the shaft;
or sleeve than conventional fixed and consequently, its ability to contain
floating bushings. This is made fugitive liquid or vapor emissions is
possible because the segments are relatively poor. The fixed bushing is
spring energized on the outside predominantly a seal failure control
diameter. The segmented bushing device because it will divert heavy
is self-adjusting for wear and floats liquid leakage. Fixed bushings comply
with shaft excursions and acts as a with the API 682 standard and
secondary containment device to are an option in all single seal
help contain fugitive emissions. To arrangements. Bushings can be
minimize shaft or sleeve wear, the provided in PTFE, carbon or bronze.
area under the bushing can be hard
coated.
Floating Bushing
■ Temperature: An improved form of the fixed
Up to 750°F/400°C bushing is the floating bushing.
This is a one piece, non-contacting
■ Pressure:
ring that is spring energized (axially)
1450 psi(g)/100 bar(g)
and free to move radially. This
■ Speed: Unlimited surface speeds. allows it to be operated with closer
clearances than the fixed bushing.
Quench Containment
An outboard quench is usually
required either to provide a limited
amount of seal cooling, to remove
any solid particles that pass across
the seal face or prevent the
accumulation of any crystalline
deposits. A secondary seal is required
to contain the quench fluid. The outer
seal in a dual seal arrangement and
lip seals can be used to contain
quench fluids. Bushings are utilized
to contain steam quenches.
Index 83 
High Performance
Sealing Application Guidelines

Extreme Temperature Sealing

Extreme temperature or high performance sealing requires mechanical seals
with special features that enable them to handle extreme conditions. Such
conditions include:
■ Low (cryogenic) temperatures ■ Corrosive
■ High temperatures ■ Conditions that are beyond the limits
of typical secondary seals
■ High pressure
■ Combination of any of the above
■ Speed or viscosity
conditions
■ Low specific gravities
Applications for high performance seals are typically found in refineries, chemical
plants, power generation plants, pipelines and oil field injection systems. These
applications generally involve API processes and special pumps where the
operating conditions are too severe for the standard ANSI pump.
Welded Metal Bellows Seals
John Crane developed the first welded metal bellows seal in the mid 1950s, and the
first bellows seals for the process industry in 1959. Until then, mechanical seals
could operate only in environments where the product was clean and seal area
temperatures were under 300ºF/150ºC. In other words, the product stream had
to be isolated by dual pressurized seals; cooled with heat exchangers; and cleaned
by using seal oil flush systems, filters, and separators.
John Crane’s Sealol brand welded metal bellows seals changed all of these
procedures with the ability to thread or clamp the metal bellows assembly to
the pump shaft. This eliminated all elastomers and made the seals capable of
withstanding temperatures to 800ºF/425ºC in the pump seal chamber. The
inherent balancing features of the welded metal bellows, and the John Crane
Sealol patented DOUBLE-PLY bellows, raised pressure capabilities to
1000 psi(g)/69 bar(g).
Bellows are non-clogging, and the use of hard faces of different grades of tungsten
carbide and silicon carbide eliminated the need for cleaning and cooling the product.
John Crane uses a flexible carbon graphite material as a static seal for the rotary
heads and stationary seats. Using this new flexible carbon graphite material,
John Crane was able to develop a complete new line of elastomer-free, high
temperature, high pressure seals. The Type 606 was the first of this line, followed
by the Type 604 and then the Type 609.
The Type 604 was developed for high-speed pumps. Unlike the Types 606 and 609,
the Type 604 is a stationary bellows design and can operate in applications with
shaft speeds up to 10,000 surface feet per minute (SFPM). Generally, rotating seals
are limited to 4500 SFPM.
The Types 604HTC and 609HTC are high-temperature corrosion resistant welded
metal bellows seals with a unique technology for reliably sealing fluids in harsh
high-temperature corrosive environments and is ideally suited for applications
that contain organic acids, broadly referred to as naphthenic acid, and sulfur
compounds that attack most other alloys at high temperature. The seals are
available in API 682 cartridge arrangements such as the Types 1604HTC, 2609HTC,
3609HTC, and 3604HTC.
Seal Arrangements
Seal arrangements can be either single or dual. Some of the products that use
dual seal arrangements are:
■ Non-lubricating products
■ Toxic fluids
■ Hazardous fluids
■ Cancer-causing products (carcinogens)

 Table of Contents Index 84 

High Performance
Sealing Application Guidelines

Dual seals require some type of support system whether it is a fluid or gas, Low Temperature Sealing
depending on the type of seals used. Fluid systems use what is termed a In addition to high temperature sealing, extremely low temperature or cryogenic
barrier fluid or buffer fluid, depending on whether or not it is pressurized or sealing (<-100°F/38°C) requires seals with unique attributes. Extremely low
non-pressurized. Non-pressurized systems have buffer fluids and pressurized temperatures are also beyond the limits of most secondary seals and require
systems use barrier fluids. special consideration.
The fluids must be chosen carefully as they must be compatible with the process fluid. In most cases, the type of seal used for cryogenic services is a conventional
Several critical properties should be looked at when selecting a barrier or buffer fluid. contacting face seal. With this type of seal, vaporization of the process fluid at the
The following is a list of properties that an ideal buffer/barrier fluid would have: seal interface causes dry-running and rough rotor/stator contact, leading to
✔ Safe to use, handle, store increased wear and short seal life.
✔ Not a VOC, VHAP, or other regulated compound John Crane uses a different approach for seals in
these services, namely a non-contacting welded
✔ Nonflammable metal bellows seal. The Type 285, as it is called,
✔ Good lubricity operates on a gas film even though the sealed fluid,
✔ Good heat transfer properties is a liquid. The small amount of heat generated at
the interface is sufficient to vaporize the fluid
✔ Compatible with process fluids enabling the spiral grooves to gather and compress
✔ Compatible with seal materials the gas. As the gas is forced towards the closed
groove ends, the pressure rises, which creates a
✔ Good flow qualities at very low temperatures cushion of gas to separate the sealing faces. This
✔ Remains a stable liquid at ambient temperatures seal also uses spring-energized polymer seals as
secondary seals.
✔ Non-foaming when pressurized
The most common process fluids that the Type 285 seal is used in are liquid argon,
✔ Low solubility of gas liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen. Because liquid oxygen can become explosive, all
✔ Inexpensive Type 285 seals are LOX cleaned. John Crane’s cleaning procedures comply with
worldwide industry standards.
(For more information regarding barrier and buffer fluids, see John Crane Technical
Report TRP-MS060 dated November 1996). Whether it is extremely hot or extremely cold, John Crane has a seal that can
handle just about any application.
(See the individual product pages for more information about the seals mentioned
in this section).

 Table of Contents Index 85 

High Performance
Sealing Application Guidelines
Pressure/Velocity
Applications, where a combination of high pressure, shaft speed, and shaft size
create high levels of PV (pressure/velocity), require specialized seal designs to ensure
high reliability and long operating life. Often the demands of high PV are compounded
by the requirement to handle fluids that contain abrasives or other contaminants.
Typical applications include multistage split casing pumps and barrel pumps used on
main oil pipelines, water injection, refinery bottoms pumping and other hydrocarbon
processing high performance duties.
An important consideration for high speed applications is the effect of centrifugal
forces on the flexible components in the seal. At speeds above 3,600 rpm the seal’s
performance is impaired and we recommend that the seal unit is stationary
mounted and the seat is shaft driven. Both pusher type and metal bellows seals
are capable of being used in these applications.
Pressure/Velocity (PV) Limits of Type 48HP
 Table of Contents
The Type 48HP is an O-ring pusher seal for high pressure service. The engineered
seal heads are designed to control emissions in applications where compliance
to regulations is required. The Type 48HP is designed for use with Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOCs) & hot water and can control emissions to less than 500 ppm
with single seal arrangement. The seal is capable of sealing pressures to
1000 psi(g)/69 bar(g).
The Type 48V is a standardized high pressure seal designed with a focus on
meeting the requirements of API and crude oil applications. The Type 48V includes
standard carbon and hard face seal head variations and standard mating rings
specifically designed for use with Type 48V seal heads. The Type 48V can reliably
handle pressures up to 2160 psi(g)/149 bar(g).
The Type 8600 is a balanced, stationary multi-spring mechanical seal capable of
sealing pressures from vacuum to 2900 psi(g)/200 bar(g). The seal is suited to a
whole host of offshore, refinery and process industry duties. Its robust construction
and proven heritage makes it ideal for remote pipeline installations. The Type 8600
High Duty Seal range, available in single and dual arrangements, is designed for
the highest pressures and speeds.
Seal Face Design Optimization
The key to successful sealing is to maintain the seal faces parallel to one another,
even when they are distorted by the effects of pressure and temperature.
John Crane has developed a computer model called CSTEDY™ to analyze seal
component distortions under steady-state and transient conditions. The computer
models have been verified with practical measurements.
CSTEDY is being used to achieve not only high performance and reliability on
demanding applications, but also to ensure minimum seal emissions for seals
used in environmentally sensitive applications.
The sealing faces of a mechanical seal will twist toroidally, due to the effects of
pressure and temperature. The twisting causes the seal faces to open either at the
ID or OD. For effective seal operation, this toroidal twisting must be kept within only
a few hundred micro radians of distortion.
The component distortions are controlled by adjusting component geometry so that
the pressure and temperature induced distortions act to maintain parallel face
presentation within the limits of the component’s material properties.
Index 86 
Abrasives/Slurries
Sealing Application Guidelines

The word slurry is a very general and broad term, which can include a wide variety Sealing Applications Equipment
of services and sealing applications. Fluids containing minor amounts of solids, A wide range of applications from Various pieces of rotating equipment
abrasives, or fibers up to difficult duties, containing 60% to 70% solids by weight numerous industries such as mining, beyond typical pumps that are
are all typically and commonly referred to as a slurry. The amount of solids or ore processing, iron and steel, power involved in the movement or
fibers present, the hardness and size of the particles in the slurry as well as the generation, pulp and paper, food processing of slurries. These
characteristics of the carrier fluid itself, are key factors that have to be addressed processing, etc., can be found that include, but are not limited to:
before deciding on the best seal design, arrangement, and materials. Additionally, require a mechanical seal. These
the equipment itself that is involved in slurry services can also include a wide Agitator
slurry applications or services
spectrum of rotating equipment that can further dictate which seal type is chosen include, but are not limited to: Clinker grinder
for the job. Finally, the question of whether or not water can be used for seal De-Flaker
support has a major influence on what seal product is eventually used. Beer wort Raw sewage
De-Knotter
Brine Rock salt
Because there is such a broad category of slurry services with varying degrees of Filter
sealing difficulties, John Crane has numerous sealing products that are available Cement Sand
Mixer
to successfully seal the rotating equipment regardless of the fluid, industry, Clay Sludge
Coatings Slurry, ash Pulper
equipment type and seal support method allowed. The following sections discuss
these issues and offer sealing recommendations for numerous slurry services. Corn starch Slurry, bauxite Pump, centrifugal
Dregs Slurry, coal Pump, elbow
Seal Characteristics Pump, positive displacement
Effluent Slurry, corn
Flue gas Slurry, iron ore Pump, slurry
eight ids

Cap.
er

Desulfurization
p.

Slurry, limestone Pump, vertical lift

s
l

% Fib
% So

ch Ca

Alloy

(FGD)
lush

Slurry, mash Scraper

Sprin
g Gravel Slurry, phosphate
Quen
Max.

Screen
Hard
Max.

No F
by W

Seal Type Kaolin clay Starch

Liquor, black Steep water
1 and 2 5% 2% ✔ single coil Liquor, black– Stock, paper
5611 5% 2% ✔ wave heavy
Stock, medium
Liquor, consistency
586 30% ✔ multi coil black–strong
Stock, high density
5840 60% ✔ ✔ ✔ cone spring Liquor, black–weak
Sugar juice
Liquor, green
5860 60% ✔ ✔ ✔ multi coil Wastewater
Ore
5870 20% 6% ✔ ✔ single coil
SB1 20% 2% ✔ multi coil
SBW 30% 6% ✔ ✔ multi coil
SB2 60% 14% ✔ multi coil
37FS 30% 10% NA
37FSB 30% 10% NA

 Table of Contents Index 87 

Abrasives/Slurries
Sealing Application Guidelines for Types 1 and 2, 5611/5611Q, 586, 5840, 5860
Sealing Products
■ Type 1 and 2 Elastomer Bellows Seals
The John Crane Type 1 and 2 elastomer bellows seals are
widely recognized as the industry workhorses with a proven
track record of exceptional performance. The non-pusher,
full convolution elastomer bellows allows operation in fluids
containing light amounts of solids, fibers, and abrasives
without hanging up the seal’s flexibility. The non-clogging,
single-coil spring allows for greater dependability than multiple
spring designs and will not run foul due to fluid contact. The
bellows and spring combine to provide automatic compensation
for abnormal shaft endplay, runout, and seal face wear. For use
in pumps and many other pieces of rotating shaft equipment.
■ Type 5611/5611Q Single Cartridge Elastomer Bellows Seal
A member of John Crane’s Type 5600 Universal Cartridge
Series Seal family, the Type 5611 and 5611Q seals
incorporate the Type 1 seal head assembly with the Universal
Cartridge adaptive hardware. The Type 5611Q quench gland
option permits use in fluids containing light amounts of
solids, abrasives, and dissolved solids by providing a means to
wash away any material that builds up on the atmospheric side
of the seal thus preventing seal hang-up.
■ Type 586 Seal
The Type 586 is an O-ring pusher seal, available as a
single or dual seal. It is routinely applied on side- and
bottom-entry agitators and mixers used in chemical and
pharmaceutical processing. The narrow cross-section
permits fitting in pumps and rotating equipment
having limited available space.
 Table of Contents
■ Type 5840 Single Cartridge Slurry Seal
Type 5840 is a single cartridge seal that encompasses
many of the advantages associated with heavy duty
seal design, encased in a more cost effective package.
Designed for the volume requirements associated
with general mineral processing duties, robust seal
face materials make this offering the perfect general
purpose seal for slurry and abrasive applications. The
rugged construction allows for ease of use, ease of
maintenance and ease of operation. Type 5840 is also
fully interchangeable with many designs already installed
in the field.
■ Type 5860 Heavy Duty Cartridge Slurry Seal
The Type 5860 heavy duty cartridge slurry seal is
available as a single or dual pressurized seal. It is
designed to thrive in the harshest abrasive slurry
environments without the need to add flush water to
the process for seal support, in difficult slurries up to
60% by weight. The wetted hardware is made from
hard, erosion or corrosion resistant materials such
as 2205 Duplex, CD4MCu Duplex and Alloy C-276 for
maximum longevity in harsh sealing environments. As a
single seal, the abrasion resistant, porous silicon carbide seal
faces can operate flushless, deriving seal support cooling and lubrication from
the process fluid itself. The single seal quench gland feature provides a means
to wash away any material that builds up on the atmospheric side of the seal,
thus preventing seal hang-up. For high temperature or services with high
concentrations of solids, the dual pressurized seal is used with a pressurized
internal water barrier for assured seal performance. Seal faces are driven by
O-ring shrouded pins to prevent face slot damage during startup. For use in
heavy duty, slurry pumps operating in mining, mineral processing and FGD
services. Standard sizes go up to 8.661"/220mm with special larger sizes
available.
Index 88 
 Abrasives/Slurries
Sealing Application Guidelines for Types 5870, SBW, SB1, SB2
Sealing Products (continued)
■ Type 5870 Medium Duty Single Cartridge Slurry Seal
The Type 5870 is a single cartridge, balanced, O-ring pusher seal designed for
flushless operation in paper stock, brine, cornstarch, effluent
and other moderate slurries up to 20% by weight. All seal
support cooling and lubrication comes from the process
fluid itself. This cartridge seal best operates flushless
when used with specially designed taper bore seal
chambers that incorporate particle ejectors, vortex
breakers, and other advanced features to promote
fluid circulation, preventing the settling of solids or
fibers. A non-clogging, single-coil spring and tough,
abrasion resistant tungsten carbide faces further
enhance the seal’s robustness. The quench gland
feature permits use in fluids containing moderate
amounts of solids, abrasives, fibers, and dissolved solids by
providing a means to wash away any material that builds up
on the atmospheric side of the seal thus preventing seal hang-up.
■ Type SBW Quench Single Cartridge Seal
The Type SBW is a heavy duty, quench single cartridge, balanced, O-ring pusher
seal designed for fluids containing modest amounts of solids, fibers, and abrasives
without hanging up the seal’s flexibility. Heavy duty features include patented seal
face carriers having no drive pins contacting the faces, eliminating face cracking
during start-up, erosion and corrosion-resistant 329 duplex stainless steel wetted
hardware and a PTFE dynamic secondary seal slot ring that eliminates O-ring
fretting and hang-up. The quench gland feature permits use in fluids containing
moderate amounts of solids, abrasives, fibers and dissolved solids by providing a
means to wash away any material that builds up on the atmospheric side of the
seal thus preventing seal hang-up. The SBW cartridge seal fits in various pumps
as well as in other processing equipment.
 Table of Contents
■ Type SB1 Single Cartridge Seal
The Type SB1 is a heavy duty, single cartridge, balanced, O-ring pusher seal
designed for fluids containing modest amounts of solids, fibers, and abrasives
without hanging up the seal’s flexibility. Heavy duty features include patented
seal face carriers having, no drive pins contacting the faces eliminating face
cracking during start-up, erosion and corrosion resistant 329 duplex stainless
steel wetted hardware and a PTFE dynamic secondary seal slot ring that
eliminates O-ring fretting and hang-up. The Type SB1 cartridge seal fits in
various pumps as well as in other processing equipment.
■ Type SB2 Dual Cartridge Seal
The Type SB2 is a heavy duty, dual cartridge, double-balanced, O-ring pusher seal
designed for fluids containing high amounts of solids, fibers and abrasives, up to
60% by weight, without hanging up the seal’s flexibility. Heavy duty features include
patented seal face carriers having no drive pins contacting the faces eliminating
face cracking during start-up, erosion and corrosion-resistant 329 duplex stainless
steel wetted hardware, a PTFE dynamic secondary
seal slot ring that eliminates O-ring fretting
and hang-up and a unique piston design
that allows ±0.080"/2mm of axial shaft
travel. The patented double-balanced
design allows the use of both pressurized
and unpressurized internal barrier
water without overloading the seal
faces. The SB2 cartridge seal fits
in various pumps as well as in
other processing equipment.
Index 89 
Abrasives/Slurries
Sealing Application Guidelines for Types 37FS, 37FSB, Cyclone Separators

Sealing Products (continued)

■ Type 37FS Heavy Duty Split Seal ■ Cyclone Separators

The Type 37FS heavy duty split seal is a non-pusher, elastomer Model 10/20/30 cyclone separators are used in the API Plan 31 seal support
bellows design having no springs or O-rings, meaning it is piping plan for single seals, eliminating the need for external seal support in
clog resistant, eliminating seal hang-up even in difficult services containing moderate amounts of solids and abrasives. These units utilize
slurries containing solids, fibers, and abrasives. The Type a one-piece pressure casing, eliminating temperature and pressure constraints.
37FS design is capable of operating up to 80 psi(g)/5.5 Pressure capabilities up to 3000 psi(g)/207 bar(g) maximum.
bar(g). The patented elastomer bellows design also offers
extreme flexibility and is used to solve sealing problems
on large, problematic equipment having large shaft
deflections, angular misalignments and vibration
problems. The Type 37FS seal is typically used on
heavy duty, packed, horizontal and vertical shaft
equipment such as agitators, mixers, vertical lift
pumps, sludge pumps, slurry pumps, pulpers,
clinker grinders and scrapers to name a few.
Standard sizes go up to 10.000"/254mm with special
larger sizes available.

■ Type 37FSB Balanced Heavy Duty Split Seal

The Type 37FSB balanced heavy duty split seal is a non-pusher, elastomer bellows
design having no springs or O-rings, meaning it is clog resistant, eliminating seal
hang-up even in difficult slurries containing solids, fibers, and abrasives. The Side-Entering Equipment:
Type 37FSB design is capable of operating up to 200 psi(g)/14 bar(g). The patented ■ Agitator/Mixer: Type 37FS split seal
elastomer bellows design also offers extreme flexibility and is used to solve sealing
problems on large, problematic equipment having large shaft deflections, angular ■ Clinker Grinder: Type 37FS split seal
misalignments and vibration problems. The Type 37FSB seal is typically used on ■ Elbow Pump: Type 3740 split seal, Type 37FS/B split seal
heavy duty, packed, horizontal and vertical shaft equipment such as agitators,
mixers, vertical lift pumps, sludge pumps, slurry pumps, pulpers, clinker grinders,
and scrapers, to name a few. Standard sizes go up to 10.000"/254mm with special Bottom-Entering Equipment:
larger sizes available. ■ Agitator/Mixer: Type 586/8-1
■ Pulper: Type 37FS split seal

 Table of Contents Index 90 

Mixer, Agitator and Vessel
Sealing Application Guidelines
Seal designs and choices vary considerably depending upon the shaft position and
orientation in the vessel. Applications might include a side shaft, a top or vertical
shaft, a bottom shaft, or a combination of shafts. Also, the materials of the vessel
and shaft have an effect on seal choice. Sometimes the vessel is glass-coated
and specific seal designs exist to seal glass-lined machines. John Crane has a
complete range of products to seal the wide variety of mixer and agitator
applications that exist. Very special attention has been paid to the dry-running
material combinations that appear within this range of products. John Crane has
developed a number of proprietary combinations and patented shapes that give
our products a significant advantage in the market.
Dry-Running
For decades, shaft seals for mixing equipment required liquid lubrication, and end
users simply dealt with the leakage that occurred. High purity applications required
very specialized barrier fluids and extra processing steps in order to isolate and
remove fluid that leaked into the batch. Dry-running seals eliminated this concern
because they operate with a dry pressurized barrier gas. Dry-running contacting
seals are the product of more than twenty years of materials research. Pairing materials
that run well against each other is a complicated science, but generally speaking,
near-zero wear can be achieved without liquid lubrication—simply by choosing
appropriate materials and seal designs. Dry-running performance is always under
scrutiny, and end users are very concerned about wear particles. In these cases,
debris wells (sometimes called sanitary glands) are applied to catch any wear that
might otherwise fall into the vessel. Therefore, near-zero wear face combinations
have been a major technological accomplishment over the past ten years for John
Crane. Indeed certain seal designs like the Type 7828G or Type CK 728G can provide
face pairs that run without contact. These designs completely eliminate wear debris.
Cleaning and Bioprocessing
Sterilization is no longer as simple as steaming at 250°F/121°C and 5% caustic
rinse. Cleaning procedures are often very complex and need to be well understood
by the seal supplier. The pharmaceutical and bioprocessing industries are built
upon a foundation of aseptic equipment and absolute germ-free environments.
The application of seals in these industries demands a knowledge of the preferred
method of cleaning as well as a basic understanding of surface finishes and seal
hardware characteristics that enhance the effectiveness of clean-out procedures.
The liquids involved with CIP/SIP operations can vary widely in Ph from 0–2, all the
way to 12–14. Though manufacturers attempt to use the mildest cleaner acceptable,
these solvents can often damage seal components like hardware, face materials and
elastomers. Be certain about the cleaning procedures and solvents used at the
customer’s site before specifying seal materials and arrangements.
 Table of Contents
Top-Entering Mixers and Agitators typically use a vertical or near-vertical shaft.
Sometimes the shaft is angled and sometimes a number of shafts are employed in
the same machine. Even though the shaft is not 90° to the floor, the machine might
still be referred to as “top-entering/vertical shaft”; generally this implies that the
shaft is not entering through the side or bottom of the vessel and that the seal is
operating in vapor space and not flooded with the liquid in the vessel. Vapor space
operation is quite important to some seal designs. Close attention needs to be given
to whether or not the seal will encounter liquid or vapor and also to whether the
product within the mixer is expected to foam or froth. Often those reactions can be
vigorous and result in fouling the seal at the inboard O-ring, so applications and
process variations should be well understood at the time of seal specification.
Bottom-Entering Shafts are shafts that come up from the bottom of the vessel
and are driven by motors and gearboxes situated beneath the vessel. In all cases the
seals installed on bottom-entering machines will be sealing liquid and not operating
in a vapor space. Often these seals will require special, easy cleaning features that
are incorporated in the seal hardware. CIP refers to Clean-in-Place and SIP refers
to Sterilize-in-Place — two requirements that are frequently made of mixer seals
and particularly designs intended for bottom-entering equipment.
Side-Entering Shafts are shafts that ultimately expose the seal to liquid as
opposed to vapor space. Side-entering shafts frequently encounter significantly
more radial runout and shaft deflection than do vertical or bottom-entering shafts.
The reason for this generalization has to do with the weight of the unsupported
shaft. There are of course, seal designs intended to cope with these conditions,
but every effort should be made to understand the application and the forces
involved. In addition, it is a good idea to understand the history of the equipment
you are sealing i.e.; bearing life, shaft condition, and seal life.
Flange-Mounted Mixers refer to the nozzle end of the vessel providing the
mounting support and pedestal for the motor and gearbox. Often, flange mounting
results in seal cartridges being placed under stresses that challenge the structural
integrity of the cartridge components. This can result in squareness and alignment
issues within the seal cartridge and can also diminish the life of bearings and other
gearbox components.
Beam Mounting of the drive and motor components reduces the stress on
seal cartridge (also called seal canister) components because none of the drive
mechanism weight and force is resting on the seal cartridge, it is beam mounted
on structural steel above the vessel. This eliminates structural support from the
demands of seal cartridge hardware but adds an element of complexity regarding
shaft, gearbox, seal and vessel nozzle alignment.
Index 91 
Mixer, Agitator and Vessel
Sealing Application Guidelines
High Purity Sealing
Pharmaceutical and biotech manufacturing have always relied upon an absence
of contamination but never more than in recent years of increased governmental
oversight and regulation. Therefore sealing the product in — as well as
keeping contaminants out — is especially significant to pharmaceutical
and biopharmaceutical applications. These unique demands have
given rise to a variety of design specifications that are routinely
applied to wetted seal hardware. In addition, material specifications
have evolved that addresses the purity of elastomer seal faces
and gasket material. John Crane has developed seal designs and
specifications for material and hardware geometry that comply with
the latest United States Pharmacopoeia specifications and guidelines.
Strategies for ultra-high purity sealing are equipment and process
dependent. Often, reactor vessels or mixers will require special
attention to the seal hardware that is exposed to the contents
of the vessel. Electro-polished low-carbon stainless steel and
special easy-to-clean, self-draining features are common and
novel designs exist within John Crane’s design standards.
Non-contacting seals like Type 7828G or Type CK 728G are
frequently requested where batch purity is a key requirement
to successful sealing. The absence of face contact results in
very clean sealing. Only barrier gas is flowing into the vessel,
thus the process can remain as sterile as the barrier gas used
to operate the seal.
Dry-running is very often a key demand from end users and process engineers.
John Crane’s exclusive and proprietary material combinations have been tested
and applied extensively throughout the industry with unparalleled results.
Superior low wear and low dusting seal face performance in a simple dry
nitrogen barrier gas have improved the performance of dry-running or
unlubricated seals and have bolstered the confidence of end users considering
a dry-running strategy where high purity is sought.
High purity or aseptic designs exist for the Type 7700, the complete CK series,
the Type 7800 series, the Type 32 and the Type 32GL. In addition, very specific
designs exist for the Type 586, used as the inner seal of a dual unpressurized
arrangement with a Type 8-1 outboard, as well as for the Type 5280 series. All
of the above designs are modified to a degree to handle the requirements of
ultra-high purity operation and certain designs have been tested and applied
using steam and condensate as the barrier.
 Table of Contents
Vessel Seals
Type 32: The Type 32 is an outside-mounted single seal that can be run wet or dry.
Therefore the standard carbon grade is F32 which offers exceptional performance
in air or barrier gas that is not totally dry. The Type 32 handles full vacuum to 225
psi(g)/15 bar(g) and up to 400 fpm/2 m/s. Speed limits are based on feet per minute
and circumference of the primary ring; so shaft speeds need to be considered as
seal sizes increase. The seal can operate in temperatures of up to 300°F/150°C and
down to –40°F/-40°C. The Type 32 is available in sizes of 1.000" to 7.000"/25mm to
177mm and can be fitted with a debris well. The Type 32 handles up to
0.150"/3.8mm runout and there is a very large installed base. Check the John
Crane Engineering website for applications and reference drawings.
Type 32D: This seal is basically a Type 32 that was optimized to meet European
Directive 94/9 EC (ATEX) for mechanical equipment used in potentially explosive
atmospheres. A major risk of those applications is that the friction heat generated
in the seal face materials during operation can exceed ignition temperatures of an
explosive atmospheres. Seal design and face balance of Type 32D was optimized to
minimize friction heat production. Type 32D can be applied in Zone 0 explosive
atmospheres even without additional temperature control devices. A corresponding
declaration of conformity to Directive 94/9/EC is available on request. Type 32D can be
supplied as component seal or pre assembled on a flange with or without debris well.
Type 32GL: This seal is specifically designed to be fitted into glass-lined equipment.
The seal is designed to operate as a dual seal, within OEM seal canisters. The sleeve is
made from a high performance thermo-set plastic called PEEK and this component
assures no metal-to-glass contact where glass-lined shafts are encountered. The seal
is a component seal meaning it is not a cartridge and offers the benefit of narrow
cross-section components allowing easy fit into almost any seal space. The components
can be designed into a cartridge if required. The Type 32GL runs wet or dry depending
upon the carbon choice.
Type 7700: This is a premium heavy duty cartridge seal designed for top entering
equipment. The Type 7700 is a rotating seat design where the primary rings
are situated face-to-face running on a common mating ring. This enables the
Type 7700 to handle a high degree of radial runout, as much as 0.180"/4.6mm.
The Type 7700 is capable of running wet or dry and can handle pressures of up to
300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) and temperatures of up to 450°F/230°C and 400 fpm/2 m/s.
The Type 7700 is available in sizes from 0.750" to 8.5"/20mm to 215mm. The
cartridge can be
fitted with a bearing housing and debris well and a large installed base can be
reviewed on the John Crane Engineering website.
Index 92 
Mixer, Agitator and Vessel
Sealing Application Guidelines
Vessel Seals (continued)
Type 7800 series: A modular cartridge seal providing a variety of technology
choices in a standard mixer seal cartridge by simply changing the primary sealing
ring. The Type 7828G is a non-contacting gas-lubricated dual pressurized seal that
uses patented primary sealing rings and spiral groove designs to provide highly
controlled liftoff at very low shaft speeds and enables up to 0.125"/3.2mm TIR.
The Type 7848D is a dry-running contacting and Type 7848W the wet running version
of the seal. The Type 7828GD is a hybrid using non-contacting faces inboard and dry
contacting faces outboard. This combination was developed in order to reduce barrier
gas consumption. Modular hardware pieces include an optional debris well and
bearing housing.
Type CK 725/CK 726/CK 736: These cost-efficient, dual cartridge units are
John Crane’s standard offering for DIN mixer applications. They comply with
DIN 28138 and are characterized by a modular cartridge design and standardized
interchangeable components. A cartridge integrated radial bearing for shaft
alignment distinguishes Type CK 726 from Type CK 725, whereas Type CK 736
is designed for glass lined vessels. Liquid-lubricated and dry-running faces are
available. Adaptations to non-DIN equipment as well as debris well or cooling flange
options are possible.
Type CK 728/CK 738: This versatile vessel seal family provides the high performance
DIN 28138 cartridge solution for various industries, including high purity pharmaceutical
applications. Dual balanced faces, a special bearing design and innovative materials
support the control and stability of seal settings even in heavy duty environments. Both
types are available in wet (W) or dry (D) running and gas-lubricated (G) versions as
well as in gas/dry face combination (GD). Modular design and interchangeable sealing
components ensures maximum flexibility. The cartridge units are designed to fit top
entry steel (Type CK 728) or glass-lined (Type CK 738) vessels. Modifications to fit
non-DIN mixers or special engineered sealing solutions are common.
Type 5280/5281/5282: The first choice for ultra-clean pharmaceutical and biochemical
applications. These seals meet Qualified Hygienic Design and GMP guidelines to enable
cleaning and sterilization of the product wetted part with the seal in place. Different
types of this family are suitable for different vessel materials: Type 5280 for steel,
Type 5281 for glass-lined and Type 5282 for special alloy vessels. Each version is
available in wet (W), dry (D), gas-lubricated (G) and gas/dry face combination (GD).
Seal types are suitable for vessels with top, side, or bottom entry mixers.
Split Seals: For mixer and agitator equipment where accessibility is difficult, a split
seal may be a solution. For details on split seals, find corresponding products in
sections: Seal Family A and Seal Family B.
 Table of Contents
Key Terms Associated with Vessel Seal and High Purity Applications
USP: United States Pharmacopeia is a scientific nonprofit organization that sets
standards for the pharmaceutical, biotech, and food industries.
USP C6, - Class VI, or - Class Six, (Class 6): Is a USP material specification for
polymers and elastomers that are completely harmless to living tissue. In order to
be qualified as a class six material, it must show no effects when implanted under
the skin of a living mammal.
CFR 21/11: CFR stands for Code of Federal Regulation, and CFR 21 is a
specification for materials, which basically means FDA approved. Like any
specification, there are complexities associated with achieving official compliance.
Aseptic/Hygienic/Hygienic Design: These terms are used to broadly refer to
designs that are easily cleaned, self-draining and devoid of surfaces that can
harbor bacterial growth. Aseptic surfaces are always polished to a very fine mirror
finish to avoid bacterial growth and ease cleaning. Beside low Ra surface finish
electro-polishing is used to create hygienic surface qualities.
Electro Polish: For electro-polishing a small charge is applied to the part to be
polished and the part is placed in an electrolytic solution. Tiny ,microscopic peaks
are eroded and smoothed.
DIN Vessel Seals: Mechanical cartridge seals for steel or glass lined chemical
reaction vessels that fulfill the dimensional and operational requirements as
specified by DIN Standard 28138 and standards referenced to therein. Although of
German origin this standard is widely in use due to the lack of corresponding
national standards. John Crane offers a complete product range to DIN 28138.
Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX): European legislation prescribing requirements for
equipment used in explosive atmospheres. John Crane offers a complete vessel
seal product range in compliance with ATEX. Declarations of conformity are
available on request.
Index 93 
Mixer, Agitator and Vessel
Sealing Application Guidelines

Vessel Seal Matrix

Seal Type: 32/32i 32GL 32D 7700 7800 586/8-1 CK 725 CK 726 CK 736 CK 728 CK 738 5280 5281
Top Entry ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Side Entry (Restricted) ✔ ✔ ✔

Bottom Entry (Restricted) ✔ ✔ ✔

Single Seal ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Dual Pressurized Seal ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
(Option)
Dry-Running ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Wet-Running (Option) ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Non-Contacting ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Glass Lined Option ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

(Non-Metallic Wetted Parts)

Debris Well ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Bearing (Option) ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Max. Pressure (psi(g)/bar(g)) 225/15 200/14 90/6 300/21 210/14 232/16 232/16 232/16 232/16 360/25 360/25 90/6 90/6

Max. Temp (°F/°C) 300/150 300/150 300/150 450/232 400/204 400/204 392/200 392/200 392/200 392/200 392/200 392/200 200/392
Specific Wet/Dry-Running
400/2 400/2 400/2 400/2 400/2 2750/14 400/2 400/2 400/2 400/2 400/2 400/2 400/2
Speeds (fpm/m/s)
Size Range of standard 1000"- 1.500"- 25mm- 1.000"- 1.000"- 1.000"- 40mm- 40mm- 40mm- 40mm- 40mm- 40mm- 40mm-
versions (inch or mm) 10.000" 5.500" 125mm 8.000" 5.000" 6.000" 160mm 160mm 125mm 220mm 160mm 220mm 220mm
Conformity to DIN 28138 ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Conformity to EU Directive ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
94/9/EC (ATEX)
Special Hygienic Design ✔ ✔ ✔
Features

 Table of Contents Index 94 

Gases
Sealing Application Guidelines
The equipment used to move gases often presents unique sealing challenges.
Industrial gas is such a broad category that the subject really needs to be
discussed in three distinct categories:
■ Low duty gas moving equipment.
■ Cryogenic pumps handling liquefied or phase changing gases.
■ High duty turbo equipment handling high pressure gases.
Low Duty
Low duty gas handling should not imply simple or easy to seal applications.
Industrial fans and blowers frequently present significant challenges to reliability
and process control departments in chemical plants and refineries. Often the
process gases contain a proportion of solids like dust, scale, catalyst or lint. In
addition, the gases being sealed can be corrosive or hazardous in the case of
exhaust applications or the sealed gas may be super high purity where processes
demand gas exposure for catalytic action or to amend a liquid.
Fans and blowers are most effectively sealed with the dry-running,
non-contacting technology of the Type 28LD. The LD (low duty)
seals are spiral grooved seals that can be applied in
cartridge form or as a component seal. Type
28LD can be used in a number of arrangements,
but typically the seal runs on process gas –
and uses that gas to separate the
faces. Versatility has been a key feature of the Type
28LD and an impressive experience list is available on
the John Crane Engineering website. Depending upon
the arrangement and the application, the Type 28LD can
be installed to run with a bushing as a pressurized single
seal pumping a barrier gas into the process - or in special
cases the seal can pump atmosphere into the process gas.
Type 2800 seals and Type 2800E seals are applied where true dual pressurized
seal performance is required when sealing a dry gas. These seals have been most
widely applied to liquid sealing applications, but they represent an unparalleled
solution to dual pressurized sealing and have been applied widely where, for
example, a fan is moving a hazardous gas or a gas with very high purity
requirements.
 Table of Contents
Cryogenic Pumps
Cryogenic pumps are those pumps designed to handle super chilled liquid gases.
Cryogenic sealing of gases is extremely challenging — virtually impossible with
conventional face contacting technology because the liquid gas will change phase
from liquid to vapor very quickly in the presence of any heat or warming. Contacting
seal faces present enough heat to change phase and therefore run the faces of the
seal dry resulting in a failure of a conventional seal.
For liquid gas transport and liquefied gas transfer service the Type 285 has been
developed to provide a non-contacting seal face and a metal bellows secondary seal.
The bellows has eliminated the dynamic O-ring allowing the seal to operate at
temperatures lower than –300°F/-185°C. The Type 285 is a single seal that uses
spiral grooves to shear and warm a tiny portion of the liquid gas. This causes a
phase change at the seal face resulting in a gas film and complete lift off. Non-
contacting operation improves the reliability of cryogenic applications many fold.
The fit envelope for the standard range of Type 285 follows the size range of the
most popular pumps used in the gas transfer industry. Consult the John Crane
Engineering website for a fit list and contact information.
It is common for gases to change phase and become liquid where crude oil is
refined and the distilled hydrocarbon light ends are compressed and moved to
storage or processing hubs. As a gas is compressed beyond its vapor pressure it
becomes a liquid. These phase changing applications present the very same
reliability challenges that face the Type 285, but in the case of hydrocarbon refining,
the equipment is much larger. The Type 28VL is, as the name implies, a vapor and
liquid seal that uses spiral grooves and the liquid gas being pumped to lift the faces
and run without contact and friction. The rotating spiral grooved mating ring adds
just enough shear energy and localized heating to create a phase change in the
liquid gas process. At an engineered location on the seal face,
the liquid turns to a vapor and the spiral grooves lift the faces
off creating a non-contacting seal. Type 28VL seals provide
an extremely high reliability solution to very difficult to seal
applications. The engineering website offers a variety of tools
including an application database for Type 28VL seals.
Index 95 
Gases
Sealing Application Guidelines
High Performance Turbomachinery
Turbomachinery has traditionally been sealed using packs of carbon rings,
labyrinth seals or double mechanical seals. These systems require complex liquid
lubrication systems and require frequent maintenance. In addition, the gas being
compressed can become contaminated with the lubrication and support liquid
which often requires a costly liquid extraction stage.
Dry-running non-contacting gas seals operate by establishing a thin and highly
compressed gas film between the rotating faces. The film lifts the seal faces and
supports a non-contacting equilibrium, lubricating the running faces with dry gas.
Dry gas lubrication and lift off eliminates the need for lubrication liquids and
because there is no contact, no cooling systems are required. The absence of
liquid greatly simplifies the seal as well as the seal support system.
Type 28XP
 Table of Contents
Type 28 Gas Seals
Since the introduction of the first dry gas seals in the 1970s, the John Crane Type 28
gas seal family has evolved to offer the most comprehensive set of products and
options suitable for all applications. The products are differentiated by their
pressure rating but overall product selection is dependent on a full appreciation of
duty conditions, including speeds, temperatures, sizes and chemical compatibility.
Type 28AT: The original gas seal, with a design pedigree stretching back over 30
years and evolving gradually, installed and proven in thousands of compressors all
around the world and remaining the preferred seal choice for many customers.
Type 28XP: Possibly the most popular seal in the range today, the Type 28XP builds
on the Type 28AT design and seals medium to high pressures with improved
chemical resistance. It can also operate over a wider temperature range and is
increasingly the preferred product for large sizes, and for applications requiring
slow roll and coast down conditions.
Type 28EXP: The product for the most challenging and hostile environments with
proven and independently audited performance to 6,165 psi(g)/425 bar(g).
All three designs are supported by a vast reference list of installed seals.
Index 96 
Seal Family A - Elastomer Bellows Seals
Types (1/1A/1B), (2/2B/2M/2uk), 6, 6A, 21, 2100, 2106, 5611/5611Q, 502, and 37FS/37FSB

his family is identified by the use of an elastomer bellows as the secondary sealing element. This seal family utilizes non-pusher designs, where typically a tail section of
Tthe bellows is held tightly to the shaft, forming a static secondary seal. A fold or convolution portion of the bellows is attached to a seal face, which allows significant seal
flexibility as face wear occurs and during shaft deflections.

■ Type 1 Series (1/1A/1B) and Type 2 Series (2/2B/2M/2uk) seals are two of the ■ Type 502 seals are full convolution elastomeric bellows designed
most popular John Crane general service seals developed. Types 1B and 2B for confined spaces and limited gland depths. Their self-aligning
seals are balanced versions of the Type 1 and 2 seals, for high-pressure feature compensates for excessive shaft end play and run-out.
applications. Used on all types of rotary equipment, pumps, marine duties,
mixers, agitators, blowers, fans and compressors in a variety of
■ Type 6 and 6A seals are compact, single-coil spring, elastomer bellows seals
service applications.
designed for use in small centrifugal water pumps found in pools, spas, and
heating and cooling systems. The Type 6 seal is a shaft mounted, unitized, ■ Type 37FS and 37FSB seals are heavy duty, fully split seals that have an
one-piece design for easy installation and replacement. The Type 6A seal is elastomer bellows, which acts as the loading device or spring for the seal
a pressed-in, bore mounted design. faces. The bellows has a single split to allow installation around a shaft without
having to dismantle the equipment. This bellows design allows extreme shaft
■ Type 21 seals are single-coil spring, half-convolution elastomer bellows,
runout typically found on larger or older rotating equipment. The Type 37FSB
general-purpose seals. Used extensively in OEM equipment.
seal is a balanced version of the Type 37FS seal for higher pressure
■ Type 2100 seals are compact, unitized, one-piece, single-coil spring, applications.
half-convolution elastomer bellows, general-purpose seals. Used for many
water-based applications.
■ Type 2106 seals are compact, unitized, one-piece, single-coil spring,
elastomer bellows seals. The primary ring is a pressed-in design. Used in
small centrifugal water pumps found in pools, spas, and heating and cooling
systems.
■ Type 5611 and 5611Q seals, which are part of the Type 5600 Universal
Cartridge™ Series, are single-coil spring, elastomer bellows design, single
cartridge seal assemblies that use the Type 1 bellows. The Type 5611Q seal
has a quench gland feature with a close-clearance carbon bushing to contain
the quench media.

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 97 

 Type 1 Series (1/1A/1B)
Elastomer Bellows Seals

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing Blowers
Petrochemical Pumps
Pulp and Paper Mixers
Power Generation Blenders
Food and Beverage Agitators G
Product Description Wastewater Fans
Other Rotary Shaft Equipment D
The John Crane Type 1 elastomer Refrigeration Compressors
bellows seal is widely recognized as A
the industry workhorse with a proven
track record of exceptional Performance Capabilities
performance. ■ Temperature:
The Type 1 is suitable for a wide range -40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C
(depending on materials used) E
of service conditions: from water and
F
steam to chemicals and corrosive ■ Pressure:
materials. 1 Up to 425 psi(g)/29 bar(g)
C
Type 1B is a balanced seal used in 1B Up to 1200 psi(g)/82 bar(g)
B
higher pressure applications. 1A Up to 400 psi(g)/28 bar(g)
■ Speed: Up to 6,000 rpm
■ Size Range:
Materials and Parts
1/1B 1.000" to 4.000"
1A 0.375" to 4.000"/ SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
14mm to 100mm Standard Options
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Antimony-Impregnated Carbon
Design Features Tungsten Carbide
Silicon Carbide
■ Mechanical drive eliminates overstressing of elastomer bellows.
B Retainer 18-8 SS Monel
■ Self-aligning capability; automatic adjustment compensates for abnormal shaft C Disc Alloy 20 CB-3 SS
end play runout, primary ring wear, and equipment tolerances. D Drive Band 316 SS
■ Special balancing for higher pressure applications and less wear. E Spring Holder
■ Non-clogging, single-coil spring is not affected by buildup of solids. F Bellows Buna-N TFE Propylene, Fluoroelastomer
Cranelast
■ Low drive torque improves performance and reliability. Neoprene (Chloroprene)
G Spring 18-8 SS Monel, Alloy 20 CB-3 SS
316 SS
Spring Adapter 316 SS —
and Ferrule (1A only)

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 98 

 Type 2 Series (2/2B/2M/2uk)
Elastomer Unitized Bellows Seals

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing
Refrigeration
Pulp and Paper
F
Food and Beverage
Water and Wastewater E
Product Description
Fits equipment with confined space G
John Crane Type 2 elastomer bellows requirements and limited seal D
seals are specified in more original chamber depths in pumps, mixers,
equipment than any other seal from blenders, agitators, compressors,
any other manufacturer. With the and other rotary shaft equipment.
highest success rate of any seal of
their type, they are suitable for a wide Performance Capabilities
range of service conditions, including
water, refrigeration, oils and ■ Temperature: C
chemicals. -40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C A
Type 2B is a balanced seal used in (depending on materials used) B
higher pressure applications. ■ Pressure:
2 Up to 425 psi(g)/29 bar(g)
2B Up to 1200 psi(g)/82 bar(g)
2uk Up to 400 psi(g)/28 bar(g)
2M Up to 465 psi(g)/32 bar(g)
■ Speed: Up to 6,000 rpm Materials and Parts
■ Size Range: SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
2/2B 1.000" to 4.000"
2uk 0.375" to 4.000"/ Standard Options
12mm to 100mm A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Antimony-Impregnated Carbon
Tungsten Carbide
2M 1.250" to 4.000" Silicon Carbide
Design Features B Retainer 18-8 SS Monel
■ Mechanical drive eliminates overstressing of the elastomer bellows.
C Drive Band Alloy 20 (CB-3 SS)
D Disc 316 SS
■ Self-aligning capability; automatic adjustment compensates for abnormal shaft E Spring
end play runout, primary ring wear and equipment tolerances. F Spring Holder
■ Special balancing allows operation at higher pressures. G Bellows Buna-N (Nitrile) TFE Propylene
■ Non-clogging, single-coil spring is not affected by buildup of solids. Fluoroelastomer
Cranelast
■ Low drive torque improves performance and reliability. Neoprene (Chloroprene)
Ferrule (2m/2uk only) 316 SS —

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 99 

 Type 6
Elastomer Bellows Unitized Seal

Markets/Applications
Small Centrifugal Water Pumps
Deep and Shallow-Well Jet Pumps
Swimming Pool Pumps C

Submersible Pumps
Product Description Wastewater Pumps
A
The Type 6 is a compact, unitized,
single spring, elastomer bellows Performance Capabilities B
mechanical seal. ■ Temperature: F
-40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C
(depending on materials used)
■ Pressure: E
ID: 7.20 psi(g)/0.5 bar(g)
OD: Up to 75 psi(g)/5 bar(g)
■ Speed: G
Up to 3,600 rpm D
Up to 1,000 fpm/5 m/s
■ Size Range:
0.375" to 1.00"

Design Features Materials and Parts

■ One-piece design enhances production line installation and allows for ease of SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
replacement. Standard Options
■ Precision surface finish optimizes the service life and reliability. Materials designed A Primary Ring Cranecarb (Phenolic Carbon Graphite) —
to meet the broadest range of applications. (Washer) Carbon
■ Elastomer drive ring is pre-loaded to provide positive drive and tight seal along B Seat/Mating Ring Ceramic —
the shaft. Silicon Carbide
Niresist
■ Full convolution elastomer bellows provides maximum flexibility in compensating
for shaft movement and wear. C Hardware Stainless Steel —
■ Coil spring and ferrules provide consistent face loading through extreme working D Bellows Buna-N (Nitrile) —
conditions.
E Drive Ring Neoprene (Chloroprene)
F Seat Cup or O-ring Cranelast
Fluoroelastomer
G Spring Stainless Steel —

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 100 

 Type 6A
Elastomer Bellows Seal

Markets/Applications
Small Centrifugal Water Pumps
Deep and Shallow-Well Jet Pumps
Swimming Pool Pumps
Submersible Pumps
Wastewater Pumps
Product Description F

The Type 6A is a compact, single- Performance Capabilities

spring, elastomer bellows
mechanical seal.
■ Temperature: A
-40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C B
(depending on materials used)
E
■ Pressure:
ID: 7.20 psi(g)/0.5 bar(g)
OD: Up to 75 psi(g)/5 bar(g)
■ Speed: D
Up to 10,000 rpm C
(depending on seal size and face materials)
Up to 2,500 fpm/3 m/s
■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
0.005"/0.127mm FIM max.
■ Size Range:
0.375" to 0.750"
Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features Standard Options
■ Precision surface finish optimizes the service life and reliability. Materials are A Face/Primary Ring Cranecarb (Phenolic Carbon Graphite) —
designed to meet the broadest range of applications. Carbon
■ Full convolution elastomer bellows provides maximum flexibility in compensating Silicon Carbide
for shaft movement and wear. B Seat/Mating Ring Ceramic —
Silicon Carbide
■ Coil spring provides consistent face loading through extreme working conditions.
C Retainer 18-8 SS —
■ Seal face torsional movement is restricted by dent and groove positive drive
arrangement to minimize torsional stress on the flexible bellows.
D Bellows Buna-N (Nitrile) —
E Seat Cup Fluoroelastomer
■ Rotating mating ring allows operation at higher speeds than comparable rotating Cranelast
seal head arrangements. Highly Saturated Nitrile (HNBR)
F Spring 18-8 SS —

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 101 

 Type 21
Elastomer Bellows Seal

Markets/Applications
Appliance
Food and Beverage
Petrochemical
Pulp and Paper
Water and Wastewater
Product Description
E
The Type 21, a general purpose seal, Performance Capabilities
has become an industry standard with F
OEM designers. Made of stainless
■ Temperature: D
steel, it provides a service range well -40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C A
beyond that which is possible with ■ Pressure:
comparably priced seals of other 150 psi(g)/10 bar(g)
metallurgical construction.
■ Speed:
Up to 2,500 fpm/13 m/s C
B
■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
0.005"/0.13mm FIM max.
■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
0.002"/0.05mm FIM max.
■ Size Range:
0.375" to 4.000"
Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Automatic adjustment compensates for abnormal shaft end play, runout, Standard Options
primary ring wear, and equipment tolerances. A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Siliconized Graphite
■ Type 21 can be repaired in the field to minimize replacement costs, downtime, Tungsten Carbide
and lost revenue. Silicon Carbide
B Elastomer Bellows Buna-N (Nitrile) Fluoroelastomer
Cranelast
Neoprene (Chloroprene)
C Drive Band 316 SS Monel
D Retainer 18-8 SS —
E Spring Holder
F Spring 316 SS Monel
18-8 SS

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 102 

 Type 2100
Elastomer Bellows Unitized Seal

Markets/Applications
Wastewater
Pulp and Paper
Food and Beverage
Marine
General
Product Description Centrifugal
The Type 2100 is a compact, unitized, Rotary
single spring, elastomer bellows Turbine Pumps A
mechanical seal. Compressors
B
Blenders
Chillers
Other Rotary Equipment
C
Performance Capabilities
D
■ Temperature:
E
-40°F to 300°F/-40°C to 150°C
(depending on materials used)
■ Pressure:
Up to 290 psi(g)/20 bar(g)
■ Speed:
Up to 3,000 fpm/15 m/s
Materials and Parts
■
Size Range:
0.375" to 4.000"/10mm to 100mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Standard Options
Design Features A Face/Primary Ring Carbon —
Silicon Carbide
■ Unitized, easy-to-fit design. B Seat/Mating Ring Ceramic —
■ Bellows design is pressure supported and eliminates creases or folds. Silicon Carbide
■ Compact design fits DIN 24960, ISO 3069, and ANSI B73. C Bellows Buna-N (Nitrile) HNBR
■ Positive key drive via drive bands protects bellows from torsional strain. Cranelast
Fluorocarbon
D Drive Bands 316 SS —
E Spring

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 103 

 Type 2106
Elastomer Bellows Unitized Seal

Markets/Applications
Small Centrifugal Water Pumps
Deep and Shallow Well Jet Pumps
Swimming Pool Pumps
Wastewater Pumps
Pool and Spa
Product Description Industrial Water Systems
The Type 2106 is a compact, unitized, Commercial Water Systems
single spring, elastomer bellows Residential Water Systems A
mechanical seal. Heating and Cooling
B

Performance Capabilities
■ Temperature:
-20°F to 300°F/-30°C to 150°C D
(depending on materials used) C
■ Pressure: F
Full vacuum up to 150 psi(g)/10 bar(g)
■ Speed: E
Up to 5,000 rpm
■ Size Range:
0.437" to 1.000"
Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Unitized, easy-to-fit design. Standard Options
■ Flexible bellows. A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Sealide-C™
■ Interlocking drive bands provide positive drive. B Seat/Mating Ring Ceramic Sealide-C
■ Interference fit of primary ring ensures positive drive, square seal face alignment C Drive Bands 18-8 SS 316 SS
and avoids high face distortions associated with crimped designs. D Bellows Buna-N (Nitrile) Cranelast
■ Balanced design reduces seal face heat generation and torque. E Seat Cup or O-ring Fluoroelastomer
F Spring 18-8 SS 316 SS

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 104 

 Type 5611/5611Q
Elastomer Bellows Seal Family

Markets/Applications
Chemical
Petrochemical
Pharmaceutical D
Pulp and Paper
G
Power Generation
Product Description Food and Beverage
The Universal Cartridge Type 5600 Ethanol
Series is a modular cartridge seal Water and Wastewater A
family that includes interchangeable B
elastomer bellows, metal bellows, and Performance Capabilities
elastomer O-ring pusher seal designs. ■ Temperature:
Type 5611 and 5611Q single seal -20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 205°C C
arrangements incorporate the
John Crane Type 1 seal head ■ Pressure:
assembly with the Universal Cartridge Up to 400 psi(g)/28 bar(g) max.
F
adaptive hardware. ■ Speed:
Automatic adjustment compensates Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
E
for abnormal shaft end play and ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
runout, primary ring seal face wear
0.005"/0.13mm FIM max.
and equipment tolerances, thereby
increasing service life. ■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
Type 5611Q has an optional quench 0.002"/0.05mm FIM max.
Materials and Parts
gland with carbon ring throttle bushing. ■ Size Range:
1.000" to 4.000"/24mm to 125mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Standard Options
Design Features A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
Tungsten Carbide
■ Non-clogging single-coil spring. B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
■ Positive mechanical drive. C Sleeve 316 SS —
■ Full convolution elastomer bellows. D Spring
■ Fits ANSI B73.1, ISO 3069 and DIN 24960 seal chambers. E Gland Plate
F Bellows/O-ring Fluoroelastomer Nitrile
Cranelast Neoprene, TFE Propylene
G Gasket Glass-Filled PTFE —

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 105 

 Type 502
Elastomer Bellows Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing Petrochemical
Power Generation Pharmaceutical
Nuclear Service Pulp and Paper
Food and Beverage Marine F
Gas Compression Oil and Gas
Product Description Water Desalination Paint and Ink C
The Type 502 is a full convolution Water and Wastewater A
elastomeric bellows seal designed B
for confined spaces and limited Performance Capabilities
gland depths. Self-aligning features
compensates for excessive shaft end ■ Temperature:
play and run-out. -40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C
D
(depending on materials used)
All types of rotary equipment, pumps, E
marine duty, mixers, agitators, ■ Pressure:
blowers, fans and compressors in Up to 580 psi(g)/40 bar(g)
a variety of service applications. ■ Speed:
Up to 2,500 fpm/13 m/s
■ Size Range:
14mm to 100mm

Design Features
Materials and Parts
■ Supplied completely assembled for fast installation and field repairable.
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Unitized design incorporates positive retainer/key drive from bellows.
Standard Options
■ Non-clogging single coil spring provides greater dependability than multiple A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Antimony-Impregnated Carbon
spring designs. Will not be affected by build-up of solids. Silicon Carbide
■ Full convolution elastomeric bellows seal designed for confined spaces and B Seat/Mating Ring Cast Iron Tungsten Carbide
limited gland depths. Self-aligning feature compensates for excessive shaft Aluminum Oxide Silicon Carbide
end play and run-out. C Bellows Nitrile —
Fluorocarbon
■ Complies with DIN 24960, ISO 3069, and BS.5257:1975. Ethylene Propylene
D Spring 316 SS —
E Retainer
F Abutment Ring

 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 106 

 Type 37FS/37FSB
Fully Split and Balanced Fully Split Seal Family

Markets/Applications Type 37FS

Chemical Power Generation

Petrochemical Food and Beverage E
Pharmaceutical Ethanol
Pulp and Paper Wastewater C
F
Product Description
Performance Capabilities I
The Type 37FS and 37FSB fully split B
seals contribute to significantly reduced ■ Temperature:
A
maintenance on larger, difficult-to-seal 180°F/82°C max.
D
equipment. They are recommended for ■ Pressure:
use on heavy duty packed equipment 37FS 80 psi(g)/5.5 bar(g) max.
that previously could not accommodate 37FSB 200 psi(g)/14 bar(g) max.
mechanical seals because of severe
shaft runout and vibration, difficulty to ■ Speed:
disassemble worn out equipment, and 1,800 rpm max.
similar problems. ■ Size Range: H
Type 37FS and 37FSB seals are outside 37FSB 3.437" to 10.187"/ J
mounted and can be used on vertical 90mm to 255mm
and horizontal applications. 37FS 1.375" to 10.187"/ G
35mm to 255mm
For other operating conditions, consult John Crane
Engineering.
Design Features Materials and Parts
■ Compression ring provides extreme flexibility. Shaft deflections, angular SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
misalignments, and runouts are “tracked” by the seal without diminishing
performance. Standard Options
■ Compression ring acts as the spring, eliminating clogging problems seen in
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
fibrous or abrasive services. B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Long slots on gland plates allow the seals to be fitted to numerous pumps and C Compression Ring Ethylene Propylene Fluoroelastomer
other rotating equipment without adaptors. D Sealing Ring Buna-N (Nitrile) TFE Propylene
■ The rotating assembly can be machined to fit any size shaft whether it is inch, E Gland Plate 316 SS —
metric, or special. G Clamp Ring
H Drive Ring
■ No O-rings; wide sealing surface of the sealing ring prevents leaks even on the
F Fasteners
most worn, pitted shafts.
I Retaining Ring Inconel® —
■ The rotating assembly self-aligns itself square with the shaft for true running.
J Cord Segment TFE Propylene —
■ Fewer parts and simple design allow for easy installation. Seal can be readily

mounted on worn shafts and on out-of-square stuffing boxes. No modification of

equipment is needed.
 Seal Family A Table of Contents Index 107 
Seal Family B - O-ring Pusher Seals
Types 8-1/8-1T, 8B, 8B1/8B1T, R33, 48LP/MP/HP, 48V, 48VL-C, 48XP, 1648/2648/3648, 57B, 58B/U, 270F, 586, 3740, 4610/4620P, 5610/5610Q,
5610V/5610VQ/5620V/5620VP, 5620/5620P, 5620D, 5860, 5870, 8610/8620, SB1/A, SB2/A, SBW, JCS1, JSC2 and FFET
Types 2800E/EX/EH, 2800, 2800XA, 2800XP, 2874, 28LD and 28SC

his family is identified by the use of a dynamic elastomer O-ring as the secondary sealing element. This seal family is a pusher design, where the dynamic O-ring is
Tpushed along the shaft or sleeve of the equipment as face wear occurs and during shaft deflections. This dynamic O-ring prevents the sealed fluid from passing around
the flexible seal face.
■ Type 8-1 and 8-1T seals are compact, unitized, one-piece, multi-coil spring
designs using an O-ring for the secondary sealing element. Used in a wide
variety of process industries for practically every industrial fluid. The Type 8-1T
seal is a narrower, thin cross-section version of the Type 8-1 seal.
■ Type 8B seals are compact, multi-coil spring, cartridge seal assemblies using
an O-ring for the secondary sealing element for very high-pressure applications.
Frequently used in refinery, pipeline, and petrochemical applications.
■ Type 8B1 and 8B1T seals are compact, unitized, one-piece, multi-coil spring
designs using an O-ring for the secondary sealing element. Used in a wide
variety of process industries for practically every industrial fluid. Type 8B1 and
8B1T seals are balanced versions of the Type 8-1 and 8-1T seals, for high-
pressure applications. The Type 8B1T seal is a narrower, thin cross-section
version of the Type 8B1 seal.
■ Type R33 is a short seal built to DIN fit standards. The seal is wave spring
energized to conserve axial space and features a pre-assembled unitized face
and carrier that allows for simple and easy rebuilding and service.
■ Type 48LP, 48MP and 48HP seals are low emission, O-ring design component
seals, which are the base seal technology used for API 682 qualifications. Type 48
Series seals are specifically for single seal installations to attain maximum
achievable controllable technology (MACT) compliance in light hydrocarbons and
other VOCs (volatile organic compounds). Type 48 single seals control emissions
to less than 500 ppm. The Type 48LP is the low pressure version, the Type 48MP
is the moderate pressure version and the Type 48HP is the high pressure version.
API 682 qualified cartridge seal arrangements are available as the Type 1648
single cartridge seal, the Type 2648 unpressurized dual cartridge seal, and the
Type 3648 pressurized dual cartridge seal.
■ Type 48V is a standardized high pressure seal designed with a focus on
meeting the requirements of API and crude oil applications. The Type 48V
includes a complete size range (1.500" to 6.000"/388mm/152mm) of standard
carbon and hard face seal head variations specifically designed for use in high
performance, high torque applications. A complete range of sleeve mounted
rotating mating rings have been designed to run with the Type 48V.
■ Type 48VL-C is typically applied as a cartridge single seal with a segmented
bushing outboard and is designed to seal sub critical liquid CO2 in centrifugal
pumps for pipeline duties, re-injection feed pumps and sequestration. The Type
48VL-C is designed to operate at temperatures below 85°F/30°C.
■ Type 48XP seal is the first standard seal to incorporate John Crane's unique
LaserFace® technology. The patented LaserFace technology enhances the seal
face lubrication, reduces seal face wear to a minimum, and controls seal leakage
levels. The Type 48XP-VL as its sister seal, the Type 48XP, is a cartridge seal
designed for flashing light hydrocarbon application. The Type 48XP-VL complies
with the requirements of API 682.
■ Type 1648/2648/3648 are single and dual seal arrangements utilizing the Type
48 seal and are fully compliant with API 682.
■ Type 57B is a hydraulically balanced, multi-spring DIN seal. They are versatile
designs using components common to other O-ring and wedge type seals. They
allow easy repair, reduce inventory and permit a simple conversion to unbalanced
or wedge seals.
■ Type 58B/U are multi-spring O-ring pusher style seals designed to fit metric
shafts and comply with DIN 24960/EN 12756. The Type 58 seals are versatile
and use many common components to other O-ring and wedge seal designs.
The seals are easy to repair and allow for a simple conversion to balanced or
unbalanced designs with O-ring or wedge style seals.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 108 

Seal Family B - O-ring Pusher Seals (continued)
Types 8-1/8-1T, 8B, 8B1/8B1T, R33, 48LP/MP/HP, 48V, 48VL-C, 48XP, 1648/2648/3648, 57B, 58B/U, 270F, 586, 3740, 4610/4620P, 5610/5610Q,
5610V/5610VQ/5620V/5620VP, 5620/5620P, 5620D, 5860, 5870, 8610/8620, SB1/A, SB2/A, SBW, JCS1, JSC2 and FFET
Types 2800E/EX/EH, 2800, 2800XA, 2800XP, 2874, 28LD and 28SC
■ Type 270F is a single seal cartridge intended for use with boiler feed water. The
primary ring and mating ring designs benefit from proprietary finite element
analysis. Faces are optimized for high pressure, high temperature boiler feed water.
The dynamic O-ring is isolated from the heat soak from the pump. The Type 270F is
installed with a closed loop restricted and cooled flush water API plan 23. This
improves seal face lubrication while providing increases in vapor pressure margin,
insuring liquid lubrication at the seal faces even in the presence of vapor lock.
■ Type 586 seals are multi-coil spring, O-ring design single and dual cartridge
assembly seals. They are routinely applied on side and bottom-entry agitators and
mixers used in chemical and pharmaceutical processing. Their narrow cross-section
permits fitting in pumps and rotating equipment having limited available space.
■ Type 3740 split seals use the latest modular split seal technology of factory
preassembled assemblies for fast and easy seal installation, while providing
reliable seal performance in demanding pump and other rotating equipment
fluid services. Captive socket head cap screws on all hardware eliminate lost or
dropped screws and same-side screws permit easy access and faster installation.
Its advanced design allows fast and easy field repairs by hand that do not require
any special tools, adhesives or complex procedures.
■ Type 4610 and 4620P seals, which make up the Type 4600 General Duty Cartridge
Series, are compact, single wave spring, O-ring design cartridge seal assemblies.
The Type 4610 is a single cartridge seal while the Type 4620P is a dual cartridge
seal. Both are used for general industrial applications. The Type 4620P can be
operated with either a pressurized or non-pressurized seal barrier support
system and is fitted with an internal pumping ring.
■ Type 5610/5610Q seals, which are part of the Type 5600 Universal Cartridge
Series, are single wave spring, O-ring design single cartridge seal assemblies.
These seals are used for a full range of fluids, including water, hydrocarbons,
acids and caustics. The Type 5610Q seal has a quench gland feature with a
close-clearance carbon bushing to contain the quench media. (Type 5610Q-
Enhanced versions of the Type 5610Q are available that comply with API 682
design and performance requirements)
 Seal Family B Table of Contents
■ Type 5610V/5610VQ/5620V/5620VP seals, which are part of the Type 5600
Universal Cartridge Series, are robust ear drive seal head, O-ring design single
and dual cartridge seal assemblies. These seals are used for a full range of higher
viscosity or non-lubricating fluids, including hydrocarbons, acids and caustics, or
for frequent start/stop services. The Type 5610VQ single seal has a quench gland
feature with a close-clearance carbon bushing to contain the quench media, while
the Type 5620VP dual seal is fitted with an internal pumping ring.
■ Type 5620 and 5620P seals, which are part of the Type 5600 Universal Cartridge
Series, are single wave spring, O-ring design dual cartridge seal assemblies.
These seals are used for a full range of fluids, including water, hydrocarbons,
acids and caustics. Both seals can be can be operated with either a pressurized
or unpressurized seal barrier support system. The Type 5620P seal is fitted with
an internal pumping ring. (Type 5620P and Type 5620D -Enhanced versions of
the Type 5620D and Type 5620P are available that comply with API 682 design and
performance requirements)
■ Type 5860 seals are heavy duty slurry, multi-coil spring, O-ring design single and
dual cartridge assembly seals. These seals are for process fluids containing up
to 60% solids by weight typically found in mining, mineral processing, sludge
transport, flue gas desulfurization and other difficult slurry services. Optimized
seal face design and materials allow flush-free operation in many difficult duties.
Wetted hardware is made from several abrasion and corrosion resistant materials
for durability and long seal life. The Type 5860 single seal has a quench gland
feature with a lip seal option to contain a water or grease quench media, for
sporadic dry-running operation or high percentage solids services.
■ Type 5870 seals are medium duty slurry, zero flush, single-coil spring, O-ring
design single cartridge assembly seals. These seals are for process fluids
containing up to 20% solids by weight and typically fitted to pumps and rotating
equipment having special seal chambers that promote fluid circulation and solids
removal near the seal faces allowing flush-free operation. The Type 5870 seal has a
quench gland feature with an elastomer V-ring to contain a water or grease quench
media, for sporadic dry-running operation or moderate percentage solids services.
Index 109 
Seal Family B - O-ring Pusher Seals (continued)
Types 8-1/8-1T, 8B, 8B1/8B1T, R33, 48LP/MP/HP, 48V, 48VL-C, 48XP, 1648/2648/3648, 57B, 58B/U, 270F, 586, 3740, 4610/4620P, 5610/5610Q,
5610V/5610VQ/5620V/5620VP, 5620/5620P, 5620D, 5860, 5870, 8610/8620, SB1/A, SB2/A, SBW, JCS1, JSC2 and FFET
Types 2800E/EX/EH, 2800, 2800XA, 2800XP, 2874, 28LD and 28SC
■ Type 8610/8620 seals are balanced, stationary multi-spring, single mechanical
seals. These seals are suited to a whole host of offshore, refinery and process
industry duties. Their robust construction and proven heritage makes it ideal for
remote pipeline installations. The Type 8600 High Duty Seal range, available in
single and dual arrangements, is designed for the highest pressures and speeds.
■ Type SB1/A seals are heavy duty, multi-coil spring, O-ring design single cartridge
assembly seals. These seals are for process fluids containing modest amounts
of solids, fibers and abrasives without hanging up the seal’s flexibility. A PTFE
dynamic secondary seal slot ring eliminates O-ring fretting and hang-up.
■ Type SB2/A seals are heavy duty, multi-coil spring, O-ring design dual cartridge
assembly seals. These seals are for process fluids containing high amounts of
solids, fibers and abrasives, up to 60% by weight, without hanging up the seal’s
flexibility. A PTFE dynamic secondary seal slot ring eliminates O-ring fretting
and hang-up. The Type SB2 can be operated with either a pressurized or
unpressurized seal barrier support system.
■ Type SBW seals are heavy duty, multi-coil spring, O-ring design single quench
cartridge assembly seals. These seals are for process fluids containing modest
amounts of solids, fibers and abrasives without hanging up the seal’s flexibility.
A PTFE dynamic secondary seal slot ring eliminates O-ring fretting and hang-up.
The Type SBW seal has a quench gland feature with an elastomer V-ring to
contain a water or grease quench media, for sporadic dry-running operation or
moderate percentage solids services.
■ Type JCS1 and JCS2 seals are single and dual application specific engineered
seals primarily focused for Sulzer Ahlstar UP pumps and Andritz S/Sp and ACP
Pumps. The seals have a rugged and versatile design, using advanced wave spring
technology. Andritz pumps JCS1 and JCS2 seals are made to cartridge design.
 Seal Family B Table of Contents
■ Type FFET seals are heavy duty drive, single spring seals having high tolerance to
solids and used for a variety of duties from chemicals to oil to water and for many
abrasive and crystallizing duties. The seal is ideal for use on top-entry
mixers where the liquid product may not provide continuous cooling and
lubrication of the seal faces.
Non-Contacting
■ Type 2800E/EX/EH are dual pressurized gas-lubricated; non-contacting dual
cartridge seals designed to fit standard bore ANSI and DIN seal chambers. The
Type 2800EX is a version of the Type 2800E that is equipped to handle increased
solids. The Type 2800EH is a version of the seal designed to achieve lift off and
non-contacting operation using a hydrostatic lift face design.
■ Type 2800, 2800XA and 2800XP are dual pressurized, spiral goove non-contacting
seals. Type 2800XA has been designed specifically to address higher barrier to
process differential pressures inboard. Type 2800XA is virtually identical to
the Type 2800 except for the XA’s higher pressure differential inboard and a lower
barrier gas consumption than the Type 2800.
■ Type 2874 is a dual pressurized, gas-lubricated non-contacting cartridge seal
designed to fit large bore ANSI pumps and API equipment. The seal features unique
ID to OD spiral groove pumping on the inboard side, which is immersed in the
product stream. The outboard side uses conventional OD to ID pumping spirals.
The seal also features rotating mating rings and handles up to 600 psi(g)/42 bar(g).
■ Type 28LD is a dry-running, gas-lubricated non-contacting seal that is most
frequently applied as a single seal on fans and blowers to seal process gas from
atmosphere. The seal can be arranged as a dual seal where toxic or combustible
gasses are encountered.
■ Type 28SC is a gas-lubricated, non-contacting secondary containment seal. The seal
is applied as a single unbalanced gas seal designed for secondary containment.
The seal uses a bi-directional face pattern to run non-contacting, preserving the
un-grooved portion of its face in perfect condition until the primary seal fails. Upon
primary seal failure, the Type 28SC runs as a process lubricated containment seal.
Index 110 
 Type 8-1/8-1T
Balanced Elastomer O-ring Seals

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing
Food and Beverage
Petrochemical Processing
Pharmaceutical
Pipeline D
Product Description Power Generation C
Rugged Type 8-1/8-1T mechanical Pulp and Paper
Rotating Equipment (All Types) H
seals are available in a wide variety of
elastomers for handling practically Centrifugal Pumps A
every industrial fluid. All components Mixers and Agitators
are held together by a snap ring in a
unitized construction design. Performance Capabilities
G
■ Temperature:
E
-40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
(depending on materials used) B
■ Pressure: F
8-1 325 psi(g)/22.5 bar(g)
8-1T 200 psi(g)/13.8 bar(g)
■ Speed: Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s*
*For applications with speeds greater than 5000 fpm/25 m/s,
Materials and Parts
a rotating seat (RS) arrangement is recommended. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Size Range: Standard Options
8-1 0.500" to 6.000"/13mm to 152mm A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Carbon (Nuclear Service)
8-1T 0.500" to 4.000"/13mm to 100mm Carbon Severe (Chemical Service)
Tungsten Carbide
Design Features Silicon Carbide
B O-ring Fluorocarbon TFE Propylene
■ Seals can be repaired easily on-site or at any John Crane Service Center. Cranelast
■ Seals can be shaft mounted or built into a cartridge. Neoprene
■ O-ring design. Nitrile
Perfluoroelastomer
■ Positive mechanical drive design eliminates slippage. C Disc 316 SS Alloy 400 (Monel)
■ Multiple springs provide precise face loading. D Retainer Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
■ Full (8-1) and narrow (8-1T) cross-section designs. E Springs Hastelloy B
F Snap Ring Alloy C-276
G Set Screws Titanium
H Anti-X Ring PTFE —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 111 

 Type 8B
Balanced Elastomer O-ring Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
High Pressure Service in Petrochemical
H
Processing, Pipeline, and Refinery
D
Applications
C
Lubricating Liquids, Heavy Oil Liquids, A
Product Description Water, LPG, Gasoline, and Crude Oil
B
Applications Where Large Pressure
A rugged mechanical seal available in and Temperature Variations are
a variety of elastomers for handling Encountered F
high pressures.

Performance Capabilities I
■ Temperature:
-40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
■ Pressure: C
Up to 1500 psi(g)/103.5 bar(g) J

■ Speed: G
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
E
■ Size Range:
1.000" to 6.000"/25mm to 152mm
Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Seal is a cartridge unit assembled on a sleeve for immediate installation. Entire Standard Options
unit can be installed and/or removed without removal of pump casing. A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Tungsten Carbide
■ Compact design permits use in all types of rotating equipment. Silicon Carbide
■ Field repairable.
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
■ Mechanical drive design reduces slippage on shaft and sleeve to eliminate galling
C O-rings Fluorocarbon TFE Propylene, Cranelast
Nitrile
and premature wear. Neoprene
■ Minimal deflection, lapped faces; primary ring designed to minimize radial and Perfluoroelastomer
angular deflections throughout operating range. Lapping process results in high D Retainer 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
precision finish for optimal sealing performance. E Gland Plate Hastelloy B
■ Balanced construction, including anti-extrusion ring, permits use in higher pressures. F Sleeve Alloy 400 (Monel)
G Collar Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
■ O-ring design permits accommodation of many different fluids through use of a H Springs Titanium
wide variety of materials.
I Anti-X Ring PTFE —
J Bushing Bronze Carbon

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 112 

 Type 8B1/8B1T
Elastomer O-ring Seals

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing Refining
Pharmaceutical Wastewater
Power Generation
Food and Beverage
Petrochemical Processing D
Product Description C
B
Rugged Type 8B1/8B1T mechanical Performance Capabilities
seals are available in a wide variety of
elastomers for handling practically
■ Temperature:
every industrial fluid. All components -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260˚C
(depending on materials used)
are held together by a snap ring in a
unitized construction design. ■ Pressure:
8B1 1100 psi(g)/76 bar(g)
G
8B1T 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
E
For hydrostatic pressure limits, refer to
Type 8B1/8B1T Datasheet
A
F
■ Speed: Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s*
*For applications with speeds greater than 5000 fpm/25 m/s,
a rotating seat (RS) arrangement is recommended.
■ Size Range:
8B1 1.000" to 6.000"/25mm to 152mm
8B1T 1.000" to 4.000"/25mm to 100mm Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features
Standard Options
■ Seals can be shaft mounted or built into a cartridge as illustrated above.
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Carbon (Nuclear Service)
■ Positive set screw mechanical drive design reduces slippage on shaft and sleeve to Carbon Severe (Chemical Service)
eliminate galling and premature wear. Tungsten Carbide
■ Compact design permits use in all types of rotating equipment: centrifugal pumps, Silicon Carbide
mixers and agitators. B O-ring Fluorocarbon TFE Propylene
■ Balanced construction, including anti-extrusion ring, permits use in higher pressures. Cranelast
Neoprene
■ O-ring design permits accommodation of many different fluids through the use of a Nitrile
wide variety of materials. Perfluoroelastomer
■ Full (8B1) and narrow (8B1T) cross-section designs. C Disc 316 SS Alloy 400 (Monel)
D Set Screws Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
E Retainer Hastelloy B
F Snap Ring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
G Springs Titanium

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 113 

 Type R33
Unitized Elastomer O-ring Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing
Food Processing
Petrochemical Processing
Pharmaceutical
Pulp and Paper C
Product Description Marine A
Type R33 is a short seal built to DIN fit B
standards. The seal is wave spring Performance Capabilities D
energized to conserve axial space and
features a pre-assembled unitized
■ Temperature: E
face and carrier that allows for simple -75°F to 500°F/-60°C to 260°C H
and easy rebuilding and service. ■ Pressure: F
Seal Size ‹ 100mm:
Up to 290 psi(g)/20 bar(g)
Seal Size › 100mm:
Up to 360 psi(g)/25 bar(g)
■ Speed:
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s G
■ Size Range:
10mm to175mm
Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ For diameters from 10 to 100 mm, this seal complies with DIN 24960, NF E 29991 Standard Options
and ISO 3069 Norms with the benefits to be shorter than L1K. A Face/Primary Ring Antimony-Impregnated Carbon Self Sintered Silicon Carbide
■ Unitized type seal with its removable and clamped face. This seal is easy to fit. B Seat/Mating Ring Self Sintered Silicon Carbide Reaction Bonded Silicon
■ The same driving device complies with both types R33 and 34. Indifferent to Aluminum Oxide Ceramic Carbide
rotational direction. C Face Carrier Spring 316L SS Hastelloy C-276
■ Wave spring with ample axial movement to maintain seal face contact regardless D Driving Carrier 904L SS Titanium (UNS R50400)
of wear, with the following advantages: E Setscrew 904L SS Hastelloy C-276
- Minimal space required Titanium (UNS R50400)
- Important deflection F Clip Ring 904L SS PTFE
- Indifferent to rotating direction G Secondary Seal PTFE High Temp. Perfluoroelastomer
- Standard material stainless steel AISI 316, complies with the API specification. H O-ring PTFE Wrapped Fluorocarbon
■ Seal equipped with choice of O-rings in elastomers or PTFE. Medium Nitrile
Fluorocarbon
Ethylene Propylene

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 114 

 Type 48LP/48MP/48HP
Low Emission Elastomer O-ring Seals

Markets/Applications
Industrial Applications Involved in the
Processing of VOCs and Similar
Hazardous Materials
C
Lubrication Liquids E
Product Description Aqueous Solutions
Chemicals G
Type 48 seals evolved from the Light Hydrocarbons A
successful, proven John Crane Type
Water Services B
8B1 design, the preferred choice for
safe, reliable, dual unpressurized and
dual pressurized seal arrangements Performance Capabilities
in petroleum services for more than ■ Temperature:
four decades. -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
The Type 48 is a dependable, F
engineered mechanical seal developed
■ Pressure:
specifically for single seal installations 1000 psi(g)/69 bar(g) D
to attain MACT (maximum achievable ■ Speed:
controllable technology) compliance in Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
light hydrocarbons and other VOCs
(volatile organic compounds).
■ Size Range:
1.000" to 4.000"
Type 48 single seals control emissions
to less than 500 ppm. Available in
cartridge or optional shaft-mounted Materials and Parts
seal arrangement. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Standard Options
Design Features A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Carbon
■ Low emission single seal designed to satisfy U.S.A. federal, state, and local Tungsten Carbide
Silicon Carbide
regulatory requirements.
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
■ Type 48 seals are application-specific with the proper selection of primary ring, C Retainer 316 SS —
mating ring materials, and flush arrangement. D Snap Ring
■ Computer optimized seal faces — computer modeling minimizes thermal and E Spring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
pressure caused distortion. F Disc 316 SS —
■ Flush maximizes cooling — available with an extended flush with single-point G O-ring Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
injection and a large percentage of the mating ring exposed to the process fluid Nitrile, Low Temp. Nitrile
for cooler running.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 115 

 Type 48V
Elastomer O-ring Seal

Markets/Applications
Refining
Pipeline Services
Petrochemical Processing B
Chemical Processing
Pharmaceutical A
Product Description Power Generation
Type 48V is a standardized high E
pressure seal designed with a focus Performance Capabilities C
on meeting the requirements of API
and crude oil applications. The Type
■ Temperature:
48V includes a complete size range -40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C H

(1.500" to 6.00"/38mm to 152mm) of ■ Pressures:

standard carbon and hard face seal Carbon Face: Up to 1440 psi(g)/99 bar(g) G
head Hard Face: Up to 2160 psi(g)/149 bar(g)
variations specifically designed for use
in high performance, high torque
■ Speed: Up to 7,500 fpm/38 m/s D
applications. A complete range of ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance: F
sleeve mounted rotating mating rings ±0.005"/0.13mm
that have been designed to run with
the Type 48V.
■ Size Range:
1.500" to 6.000"/38mm to 152mm
Design Features Materials and Parts
■ Primary ring incorporates optimized ear drive design for increased drive torque SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
capability. Seal Head Version Standard Options
■ Balanced construction, including anti-extrusion ring, permits use in higher A Face/ All Carbon Face Premium Carbon —
pressures. Primary Ring All Hard Face Graphite Composite Silicon Carbide —
■ Premium seal face materials permits sealing of difficult services at high B Seat/ All Except Crude Oil Silicon Carbide Nickel Binder Tungsten Carbide
operating pressures. Mating Ring Crude Oil Nickel Binder Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
C Spring All Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ O-ring design permits accommodation of many different fluids through use
of a wide variety of materials. E Retainer All 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
F Disc Alloy C-276
■ Rotating mating ring design enhances cooling and permits use at higher Stub Sleeve Hastelloy B
shaft speeds. H Sleeve Gland Plate Alloy 400 (Monel)
■ Design flexibility — multiple balance ratio and hydropad seal head versions G Anti-X-Ring All Carbon Filled PTFE Carbon Fiber Filled PEEK™
available for a wide range of applications.
D O-rings All Fluorocarbon Aflas®, Ethylene Propylene
Neoprene, Nitrile,
Perfluoroelastomer

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 116 

 Type 48VL-C
O-ring Pusher Seal

Markets/Applications
The Type 48VL-C is designed
to Seal Sub Critical Liquid CO2 in
Centrifugal Pumps for Pipeline
Duties, Re-injection Feed Pumps
and Sequestration.
Product Description Designed to Operate at Temperatures below
85°F/30°C If higher temperatures are anticipated,
The Type 48VL-C is a specially contact John Crane Engineering. B
designed ear drive seal head and A
mating ring combination for use in Performance Capabilities
high pressure CO2 applications. The C
Type 48VL-C is typically applied as ■ Liquid CO2 Containment
a cartridge single seal with a Temperature: G
■
segmented bushing outboard. In such 40°F to 85°F/4°C to 30°C
arrangements the seal is applied F
with a Plan 12 flush arrangement in ■ Pressure:
order to ensure that the flush fluid is 900 to 2000 psi(g)/62 to 138 bar(g)
filtered. The Type 48VL-C is available ■ Speed:
as a single seal with or without a 1,750 to 5,000 RPM
segmental bushing, an as a dual D
unpressurized seal with a dry-running ■ Size Range: E
secondary containment outer seal 1.500" to 3.250"/38mm to 82.55mm
and Plan 76 support equipment.

Design Features Materials and Parts

■ Primary ring features a robust ear drive for dimensional stability in applications SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
where high pressure and increased start up torque are anticipated. Standard Options
■ The primary ring embodies a specific balance ratio. The primary ring features A Face/Primary Ring Antimony Carbon —
precision machined hydropads specifically engineered for the unique fluid
B Seat/Mating Ring Sintered Silicon Carbide —
properties of liquid CO2.
C Spring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ Proprietary secondary sealing mechanism provides higher reliability and lower
leakage than chevron style and spring energized polymer seals. D Secondary Seal Assy. 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
E Retainer Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Rotating mating ring enhances cooling and provides added stability and face F Sleeve Hastelloy B
tracking to the cartridge. G Stub Sleeve Alloy 400 (Monel)

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 117 

 Type 48XP
O-ring Pusher Seal with Non-Contacting Secondary Containment

Markets/Applications
Light Hydrocarbon Services Where
D
Vapor Pressure of the Fluid Being
Pumped Results in Flashing and
Phase Change at the Faces
Product Description
Performance Capabilities C
The Type 48XP seal is a heavy duty
Type 48 seal that runs against a unique ■ Temperature:
LaserFace™ patterned mating ring. The -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
combination provides a seal head that ■ Pressure: B
is well suited for light hydrocarbon Up to 610 psi(g)/42 bar(g)
liquids that are very close to their
vapor pressure limits. The LaserFace™ ■ Speed: A
pattern provides enhanced lubrication Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
to the faces in single component light E
■ Size Range:
hydrocarbon services. 1.500" to 4.500"/38mm to 115 mm

Design Features
■ Seal life is extended by full seal face lubrication with low leakage levels. G
■ Computer optimized seal components to minimize the effects of pressure and F
temperature distortion.
■ Designed to comply with API 682.
Materials and Parts
■ Optimized designs to provide reliability with vapor pressure margins outside of
the envelope of API 682 applications. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Multi-spring design for even face loading. Standard Options
■ Secondary containment seal is a bi-directional and intended to be used with A Face/ Antimony-Impregnated Carbon —
API plan 72. 28SC Primary Ring API Grade
B Bi-directional Nickel Bonded Self Sintered Silicon Carbide
Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide
C Gland plate 316 SS —
D Gas Buffer
E Mating Ring
F Retainer
G Primary Ring Carbon —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 118 

 Type 1648/2648/3648
Category 2/3, Arrangements 1, 2 and 3, Type A Elastomer O-ring Seals for API 682

Markets/Applications
Hydrocarbons (Heavy and Light)
Product Description
Aromatic Fractionation Products
The seal heads are designed to control (Benzene, Toluene, Solvents, etc.)
emissions in applications where Crude Oil Fractionation Products
compliance with regulations is required. (Fuel Oil, Lubricating Oil, Gasoline, etc.)
Type 1648 is an engineered O-ring E
Chemicals, Caustics, Some Acids,
cartridge seal. A standardized cartridge Aqueous Solutions, Lubricating Liquids A
arrangement, certified as compliant to
API 682 when supplied with qualified Industrial Applications Involved in
face material pairs. Designed for use the Processing of VOCs and Similar B
with VOCs, controls emissions to less Hazardous Products
than 500 ppm with single seal Performance Capabilities D
arrangement. Extended and distributed
flush options available. Type 2648 is a ■ Temperature:
dual, unpressurized, engineered O-ring 1648/2648 (liquid buffer)/3648:
cartridge seal. A standardized cartridge -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
arrangement, certified as compliant to 2648 (gas buffer):
API 682 when supplied with qualified C
face material pairs and is supplied in -20°F to 400°F/-29°C to 205°C
two arrangements: wet seal for use with ■ Pressure: F
liquid buffer fluids. Inner wet seal plus 1648/2648 (liquid buffer)/3648:
containment seal for use with gaseous Up to 1000 psi(g)/69 bar(g)
buffer fluids Type 3648 is a dual 2648 (gas buffer):
pressurized, engineered O-ring cartridge Up to 500 psi(g)/35 bar(g) max.
seal with a standardized cartridge
arrangement, certified as compliant to
■ Speed: Materials and Parts
API 682 when supplied with qualified 1648/2648 (liquid buffer)/3648:
face material pairs. API 682 defaults to Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
FB (face to back) configuration for dual 2648 (gas buffer): Standard Options
pressurized seals, also available in BB Up to 4,000 fpm/20 m/s A Face/Primary Ring Antimony-Impregnated Carbon Silicon Carbide
(back to back) and FF (face to face) ■ Size Range: Tungsten Carbide
arrangements and fully qualified. 1.000" to 4.500"/25mm to 120mm B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
Design Features C Sleeve Fluoroelastomer —
■ API 682 qualification tested. D Segmented 316 SS —
■ Evolved from performance proven Type 48 designs. Bushing Assembly
■ Easy-to-install cartridge design with registered fit. E Springs Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Computer optimized low emission seal faces. F O-ring Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
■ Segmented spring-loaded carbon throttle bushing for effective containment (Type 1648). Buna-N (Nitrile)
■ Distributed flush optimizes circulation of liquid at faces and prevents trapped vapor.
■ Available with pumping ring when utilizing an API Flush Plan 23 (Type 1648).
■ Dual seals equipped with pumping ring for optimized flow.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 119 

 Type 57B
Elastomer O-ring Seal

Markets/Applications
General and High Pressure Duties
Chemical Processing
Refinery
Petro-Chemical Plants
Product Description
Performance Capabilities
The Type 57B is a hydraulically G
balanced, multi-spring DIN 24960/
■ Temperature:
–40°F to 500°F/–40°C to 260°C D
EN 12756 seal. It has a versatile
(depending on materials used) A
design using components common to
other O-ring and wedge type seals. It ■ Pressure:
allows easy repair, reduces inventory, Up to 900 psi(g)/62 bar(g) I
and permits a simple conversion to
unbalanced or wedge seals. ■ Speed: H
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s F
■ Size Range: C
14mm to 100mm E

B
Design Features
■ For use in general and high pressure sealing duties, including chemical
processing, refinery and petro-chemical plants.
■ Complies with International Standard ISO 3069, European Standards EN 12756, Materials and Parts
DIN 24960, and BS 5257: 1975. Also complies with API 610 specifications. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Hydraulically balanced seal face gives lower faceloading at high pressure.
Standard Options
■ Multiple spring arrangement ensures even loading of seal face. A Face/Primary Ring Resin-Impregnated Sintered Silicon Carbide
■ 57B accepts a maximum axial movement of ±0.118 inches/3.0mm. Carbon Graphite Antimony-Impregnated Carbon
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide (Alpha Sintered) Tungsten Carbide
C Secondary Seal Nitrile Perfluoroelastomer
O-ring Fluorocarbon
Ethylene Propylene
D Anti-X Ring Pure PTFE —
E Snap Ring 316 SS Alloy 400 (Monel)
F Springs Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
G Disc
H Retainer
I Set Screw

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 120 

 Type 58B/U
Elastomer O-ring Seals

Markets/Applications
General and High Pressure Duties
Chemical Processing
Refinery
Petrochemical Plants
Product Description
Performance Capabilities
The Type 58U and 58B are multi- G
spring DIN 24960/EN 12756 seals.
■ Temperature:
-40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C D
They are versatile designs using
A
components common to other O-ring ■ Pressure:
and wedge type seals. They allow easy 58B Up to 900 psi(g)/62 bar(g)
repair, reduce inventory, and permit 58U Up to 250 psi(g)/17 bar(g) I
a simple conversion to unbalanced or
wedge seals. ■ Speed: H
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s F
■ Size Range: C
14mm to 100mm E

B
Design Features
■ Hydraulically balanced seal face gives lower faceloading at high pressure.
■ Multiple spring arrangement ensures even loading of seal face.
■ For use in general and high pressure sealing duties, including chemical Materials and Parts
processing, refinery and petrochemical plants. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Complies with International Standard ISO 3069, European Standards EN 12756, Standard Options
DIN 24960, and BS 5257: 1975. Also complies with API 610 specifications.
A Face/Primary Ring Resin-Impregnated Sintered Silicon Carbide
Carbon Graphite Antimony Impregnated Carbon
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide (Alpha Sintered) Tungsten Carbide
C Secondary Seal Nitrile Perfluoroelastomer
O-ring Fluorocarbon
Ethylene Propylene
D Anti-X Ring Pure PTFE —
E Snap Ring 316 SS Alloy 400 (Monel)
F Springs Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
G Disc
H Retainer
I Set Screw

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 121 

 Type 270F
Elastomer O-ring Seal

Markets/Applications
Power Generation D
E
Performance Capabilities G
A
■ Temperature: B
Product Description -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
The Type 270F is a single seal cartridge ■ Pressure:
intended for use with boiler feed water. Up to 1000 psi(g)/69 bar(g) F
The primary ring and mating ring
designs benefit from proprietary finite
■ Speed:
element analysis. Faces are optimized Up to 12,000 fpm/60 m/s
for high pressure, high temperature ■ Size Range:
boiler feed water. Dynamic O-ring 3.25" to 8.00"/85mm to 200mm
isolated from heat soak of the pump.
The Type 270F cartridge arrangement
allows for a variety of thermal isolation H
strategies. Sleeve mounted pumping C
ring insures excellent seal water flow
through heat exchanger. High degree
of axial float allows for shaft centering
and setting with the seal fitted. The
Type 270F is installed with a closed
loop restricted and cooled flush water
API plan 23. This improves seal face Materials and Parts
lubrication while providing increases in SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
vapor pressure margin, ensuring liquid
lubrication at the seal faces even in the Standard Options
presence of vapor lock. A Face/Primary Ring Carbon —
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
Design Features C Gland Plate 316 SS —
■ Optimized for high pressure hot water service. D Sleeve (Rotating)
E Springs
■ Designed to accommodate axial shaft movements. F Pumping Ring
■ Stationary-mounted (RS) Seal design. G Carrier Stationary
■ Suitable for high rotational speeds. H O-ring EPDM Perfluoroelastomer
■ Dynamic O-ring isolated from shaft heat soak.
■ Single seal cartidge design.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 122 

 Type 586
Elastomer O-ring Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing B
Food Processing
Oil and Refinery
Paint and Ink A
Petrochemical Processing G
Product Description Pharmaceutical E
Type 586 mechanical seal is a dual Pipeline
unpressurized heavy duty stationary Power Generation
external spring slurry seal. Pulp and Paper
D
It is designed to overcome the
particular difficulties of sealing Performance Capabilities
solids in suspension. They are robust ■ Temperature:
seals whose other key feature is -40°F to 390°F/-40°C to 200°C
corrosion resistance. F
■ Pressure:
Up to 232 psi(g)/16 bar(g)
■ Speed:
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
■ Size Range: C
0.625" to 8.625"/17mm to 220mm

Design Features Materials and Parts

■ Type 586 seals are designed to overcome the particular difficulties of sealing SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
solids in suspension. They are robust seals whose other key feature is corrosion Standard Options
resistance. A Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
■ Consists of a rotating seal running against a stationary seal unit. The seat and B Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
seal are designed to maintain a parallel presentation of the running faces while C Gland Plate Assembly 316 SS —
operating under high pressure or high temperature transient
conditions. D Collar
■ All versions of these seals are of cartridge form for ease of fitting and E Spring Hastelloy C —
replacement. Radial section of the Type 586 is reduced for use where F Retaining Ring 316 SS —
housing space is limited. G Sleeve 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Non-clogging, the seals can be used without a flushing system, but they are Duplex SS
designed to be effectively flushed if required.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 123 

 Type 3740
Cartridge Split Seal

Markets/Applications
Agitators and Mixers Light Slurries
Centrifugal Pumps Chemicals
H
Split Case Pumps Marine
Water and Wastewater Paper Stock
Positive Displacement Pumps
Product Description
B
The Type 3740 is a modular split seal Performance Capabilities H
made up of factory pre-assembled A
assemblies for fast and easy seal
■ Temperature:
Up to 250°F/121°C
installation, while providing reliable
seal performance in demanding pump ■ Pressure:
and other rotating equipment fluid Up to 4.00"/100mm:
services. Capable of severe radial 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) continuous
and axial shaft run out operating 450 psi(g)/31 bar(g) excursion G
conditions. Over 4.00" to 6.00"/100mm to 150mm: F
200 psi(g)/14 bar(g) continuous
D
300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) excursion
E
■ Speed: I
Up to 3,500 fpm/17.8 m/s
■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance: C
Up to ±0.050" / ±1.27mm
Materials and Parts
■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
0.060"/1.52mm TIR SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Size Range: Standard Options
1.375" to 6.000"/40mm to 150mm A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
Design Features B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Factory pre-assembled rotor assembly for fast, easy precise rotating face installation. C Gland Plate Assembly 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
■ Separate stationary seal face for visual assurance the halves are correctly aligned. Mating Ring Adapter Assembly Monel
■ Factory-preassembled gland plate assembly for easy, single-step installation. Spring Adapter Assembly Set Titanium, Inconel 625
■ Balanced primary ring design for increased pressure capability. D Retaining Ring Alloy X-750 —
■ Premium seal face materials for optimal performance. E Springs Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ Captive socket head cap screws to eliminate lost or dropped screws. F Gland Plate Gasket Ethylene Propylene —
■ Same-side screws on all hardware for easy access and faster installation. G Sealing Element Set Fluoroelastomer
■ Dovetail O-ring grooves to contain all O-rings without requiring adhesives. H O-ring (split)
■ Fast and easy field repair kits that don't require special tools, adhesives or procedures. I Captive Socket Head Cap Screws 316 SS —
■ Two connections in the gland to provide easy access for flush piping.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 124 

 Type 4610
Single O-ring Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Light Chemical
Mining E
Pharmaceutical
Pulp and Paper D
Power Generation
Product Description Food and Beverage A
The Type 4600 Series cartridge seal Water and Wastewater
Steel Production B
is the most affordable sealing
solution available. Low cost, ease of General Industrial F
installation and long life are just a few Ethanol
C
of the benefits you can expect when
you purchase a Type 4600 series seal. Performance Capabilities
The Type 4600 single seal ■ Temperature:
arrangement incorporates an -20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 205°C
elastomer O-ring as the secondary
sealing member. ■ Pressure:
Up to 3.000"/75mm:
300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
G
3.000"/75mm and over:
200 psi(g)/13 bar(g)
■ Speed:Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance: Materials and Parts
0.005"/0.13mm
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
Standard Options
0.002"/0.05mm
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
■ Size Range: B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
1.000" to 2.750"/24mm to 70mm
C Sleeve 316 SS —
Design Features D Gland, Hardware
■ Non-clogging, crest-to-crest wave spring. E Secondary O-ring Fluoroelastomer Cranelast
TFE Propylene
■ Optimized running face design. Perfluoroelastomer
■ Unique centering ring. F Wave Spring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ Compact cartridge design. G Centering Ring Glass-Filled PTFE —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 125 

 Type 4620P
Dual O-ring Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Light Chemical E
Mining
Pharmaceutical
Pulp and Paper A
Power Generation B
Product Description Food and Beverage
The Type 4600 Series cartridge seal Water and Wastewater
is the most affordable sealing Steel Production
solution available. Low cost, ease General Industrial F
of installation, and long life are just Ethanol
a few of the benefits you can expect C
when you purchase a Type 4600 Performance Capabilities
Series seal.The Type 4620P dual
seal arrangement incorporates an
n Temperature:
elastomer O-ring as the secondary -20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 205°C
sealing member. Reverse balance n Pressure:
designs allow for ID or OD Up to 3.000"/75mm:
pressurization, which permits the 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) max. D
dual design to operate as a dual 3.000"/75mm and over:
unpressurized or dual pressurized. 200 psi(g)/13 bar(g) max. G

n Speed: Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s

n End Play/Axial Float Allowance: Materials and Parts
0.005"/0.13mm FIM max.
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
n Runout/Out of Squareness:
Standard Options
0.002"/0.05mm FIM max.
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide (Inboard Only)
n Size Range: B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
1.000" to 2.750"/24mm to 70mm
C Sleeve 316 SS —
Design Features D Gland, Hardware
E Secondary O-ring Fluoroelastomer Cranelast
n Non-clogging, crest-to-crest wave spring inboard. TFE Propylene
n Optimized running face design. Perfluoroelastomer
n Unique centering ring. F Wave Spring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
n Compact cartridge design. G Centering Ring Glass-Filled PTFE —
n Tangential inlet and outlet pipe connections.
n Pumping ring supplies as standard.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 126 

 Type 5610/5610Q
Single O-ring Cartridge Seal Family

Markets/Applications
Chemical
Petrochemical D
Pharmaceutical J
Pulp and Paper
Power Generation
Product Description Food and Beverage
The Universal Cartridge Type 5600 Ethanol B
Series is a modular cartridge seal Wastewater A
family that includes interchangeable G
elastomer bellows, Sealol metal Performance Capabilities H
bellows, and elastomer O-ring pusher E
seal designs.
■ Temperature:
-20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 205°C
Type 5610 single seal arrangements
incorporate an elastomer O-ring as ■ Pressure: C
the secondary sealing member. Up to 3.000"/75mm:
300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) I
A common seal head/mating ring set,
3.000"/75mm and over:
utilized throughout all versions, is F
200 psi(g)/13 bar(g)
reversible to allow rotating seat/ K
mating ring or rotating seal head ■ Speed: Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
operation, and is interchangeable ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
with metal bellows seal heads.
0.005"/0.13mm FIM max.
The seal has an optional quench gland Materials and Parts
(Type 5610Q) with carbon ring throttle ■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
bushing. 0.002"/0.05mm FIM max. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Size Range: Standard Options
1.000" to 5.500"/24mm to 140mm A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide, Tungsten Carbide
Design Features B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
C Sleeve 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS) (UNS N8020)
■ Reversible seal head. D Gland Plate Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Fits ANSI B73.1, ISO 3069, and DIN 24960 seal chambers. E Collar Titanium
F Drive Ring
■ Optimized primary ring design for greater reliability.
G Anti-Extrusion Ring
■ Non-clogging wave spring outside the product. H Retainer
■ Specific designs have been API 682 qualification tested. I O-ring Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
■ API 682 versions are compliant with the standard and supplied with qualified Cranelast Buna-N (Nitrile), Neoprene
face mating pairs. J Gland Gasket Glass-Filled PTFE —
K Spring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 127 

 Type 5610V/5610VQ/5620V/5620VP
Ear Drive O-ring Cartridge Seal Family

Markets/Applications
Biodiesel, Crude, Fuels,
Hydrocarbons, Oils, Acids,
Caustics, Chemicals, Detergents, C
Resins, Soaps, Brine, Cheese,
Corn Mash, Jelly, Sugar, Syrups, D
Product Description Dirty/River Water, Salt Water,
Type 5610V, 5610VQ, 5620V and Sewage, Sludge, Slurry
5620VP seals, which are part of the
Type 5600 Universal Cartridge Series, Performance Capabilities
are robust ear drive seal head, O-ring
design single and dual cartridge seal
■ Temperature:
assemblies. These seals are used for -20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 205°C
a full range of higher viscosity or ■ Pressure:
non-lubricating fluids, including Up to 3.000"/75mm: 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
hydrocarbons, acids and caustics, or Over 3.000"/75mm: 200 psi(g)/13 bar(g) B
for frequent start/stop services. The
Type 5610VQ single seal has a quench ■ Speed:
gland feature with a close-clearance Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
carbon bushing to contain the quench ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
media, while the Type 5620VP dual A
0.005"/0.13mm
seal is fitted with an internal
pumping ring. ■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
0.002"/0.05mm
Materials and Parts
■ Size Range:
1.000" to 5.500"/24mm to 140mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Standard Options
Design Features A Face/Primary Ring Resin-Impregnated Carbon Sintered Silicon Carbide
Nickel Binder Tungsten Carbide
■ Ear driven primary ring ensures maximum seal life under a wider range of B Retainer 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)(UNS N8020)
operating conditions. Anti-Extrusion Ring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Retrofits with existing Type 5600 seal heads. Titanium
■ Optimized primary ring design provides greater reliability. C O-ring Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
Ethylene Propylene Buna-N (Nitrile)
■ Non-clogging wave spring is located outside of the product. Neoprene
■ Specific designs have been API 682 qualification tested. D Spring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ API 682 versions are compliant with the standard and supplied with qualified
face mating pairs.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 128 

 Type 5620/5620P
Dual O-ring Cartridge Seal Family

Markets/Applications
Chemical
Petrochemical
Pharmaceutical
Pulp and Paper G
Power Generation H
Product Description Food and Beverage M
The Universal Cartridge Type 5600 Ethanol E
Series is a modular cartridge seal family Wastewater F
that includes interchangeable elastomer B
bellows, Sealol metal bellows, and Performance Capabilities
A
elastomer O-ring pusher seal designs. ■ Temperature:
Type 5620/5620P dual seal arrangements -20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 205°C J
incorporate an elastomer O-ring as the ■ Pressure:
L
dynamic secondary sealing member. Up to 3.000"/75mm:
K
Primary and mating ring reverse 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
balance designs allow for ID or OD 3.000"/75mm and Over:
pressurization, which permits the dual 200 psi(g)/13 bar(g) C
seal to operate as a dual unpressurized
or dual pressurized. ■ Speed: Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s I
OD pressurization of the outer seal ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance: D
avoids subjecting components to high 0.005"/0.13mm FIM max.
tensile stresses and achieves improved Materials and Parts
cooling. On vertical installations, it
■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
allows venting of entrapped air. 0.002"/0.05mm FIM max. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Size Range: Standard Options
1.000" to 5.500"/24mm to 140mm A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide, Tungsten Carbide
Design Features
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
■ Reversible seal head. C Sleeve 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS) (UNS N8020)
■ Non-clogging wave spring outside the product. D Gland Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
E Gland Adapter Titanium
■ Fits ANSI B73.1 and ISO 3069 seal chambers. F Sleeve Adapter
■ Optimized primary ring design for greater reliability. G Retainer
H Anti-Extrusion Ring
■
Set screwless outer seal drive. I Drive Ring
■
Tangential inlet and outlet pipe connections below 3.000"/75mm. J Collar
■ Specific designs have been API 682 qualification tested. K Spring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ API 682 versions are compliant with the standard and supplied with qualified L O-ring Fluoroelastomer, Cranelast Perfluoroelastomer, Nitrile, Neoprene
face mating pairs. M Gland Gasket Glass-Filled PTFE —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 129 

 Type 5620D
Category 1, Arrangement 2, Type A Elastomer O-ring Seal for API 682

Markets/Applications
Hydrocarbons
Aromatic Fractionation Products
(Benzene, Toluene, Solvents, etc.)
Crude Oil Fractionation Products
Product Description (Fuel Oil, Lubricating Oil, Gasoline, etc.)
The Type 5620D is an API enhanced Chemicals, Caustics, Some Acids, E
version of the industry proven Type Aqueous Solutions, Lubricating Liquids
5620 Universal Cartridge Seal. It is an Industrial Applications Involved in B
ANSI and DIN pump seal for the the Processing of VOCs and Similar A
chemical and oil and gas industries. Hazardous Products
The seal is an effective solution to
meeting emission requirements while Performance Capabilities G
eliminating the need for liquid buffer F
systems. Secondary containment ■ Temperature:
seals will contain any nominal leakage -20°F to 400°F/-29°C to 204°C
from the primary seal and provide full ■ Pressure:
process pressure containment. The Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) max.
C
Type 5620D is a standardised
cartridge arrangement; it is certified ■ Speed: Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s D
as compliant to API 682 when ■ Size Range:
supplied with qualified face material 1.000" to 5.500"/25mm to 140mm
pairs. Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ API 682 qualification tested. Standard Options
■ Based on industry proven Type 5620. A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
■ Easy-to-install cartridge design with registered fit. B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Fits ANSI B73.1M and ISO 2858 seal chambers. C Sleeve 316 SS —
D Gland
■ Reversible seal head for rotating and stationary operation. E Gland Adapter
■ Specific designs have been API 682 qualification tested. F Spring Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ API 682 versions are compliant with the standard and supplied with qualified G O-ring Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
face mating pairs. Buna-N (Nitrile)

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 130 

 Type 5860
Heavy-Duty, Slurry Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Ore Recovery
Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) B
Phosphate Slurry I
Tailings Disposal A
Coal Slurry Transportation G
Product Description Wet Cement Processing J
The Type 5860 heavy-duty, slurry Bauxite and Iron Ore Slurries
E
cartridge seal is available as a single Sand and Gravel
or dual seal. It is designed to thrive Dewatering Systems
in the harshest abrasive slurry Effluent Transport
environments. Process fluids — Waste Sludge Removal
such as ores, limestone, phosphates, Slurries Up to 60% Solids by Weight
kaolin clay, drilling mud, lime mud, C
coarse coal, boiler fly ash, rock salt, Performance Capabilities
sludge, sand and gravel are no
problem for the Type 5860.
■ Temperature:
D
180°F to 400°F/80°C to 200°C
H
with water quench
■ Pressure: Up to 435 psi(g)/30 bar(g)
■ Speed: Up to 4,000 fpm/20 m/s F

■ Duty: Slurry/Abrasive services

up to 60% by weight Materials and Parts
■ Size Range: SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
1.125" to 9.250"/28mm to 235mm
Standard Options
Design Features A Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Two-piece gland and sleeve assemblies with replaceable wetted/wear parts made of B Seat/Mating Ring
high-erosion/corrosion-resistant material designed to outlast the pump’s wetted parts. C Sleeve Assembly Duplex SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)/316 SS
■ Anti-rotation pin with O-ring protects seal faces from drive slot damage. D Gland Assembly 316 SS CD4MCu Duplex SS
E Drive Clamp 316 SS —
■ Flushless operation, typical flush water seal support is not required since seal F Spacer
lubrication and cooling are supplied from the pumped fluid in most applications. G Disc Assembly
■ Internal/External mounting design variants allow the seal to be fitted to the equipment H Springs Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)—
either from the process side (internal mount) or from the atmospheric side (external I O-rings Fluoroelastomer Cranelast, Nitrile,
mount) for ease of installation or space limitation considerations. Perfluoroelastomer, TFE Propylene
■ Axial shaft movement allowance of up to 0.315"/8mm. J Deflector Acetal —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 131 

 Type 5870
Medium-Duty, Slurry Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Ash Slurries
Corn Slurries C
Beer Wort
Sugar Juice
Product Description Raw Sewage
Paper Stock, up to 6%
The Type 5870 medium-duty, slurry Slurries, up to 20% Solids by Weight
single cartridge seal is designed to
operate unsupported in numerous E
slurries and fibrous duties without Performance Capabilities
requiring a seal water flush. John ■ Temperature: G
Crane’s Type 5870 open-profile, Up to 300°F/150°C
abrasive-resistant sealing faces are
positioned near the impeller, and allow ■ Pressure: A
cool running and clog-free performance Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
even without outside support. Seal ■ Particle Size: Up to 5,000 micron B
lubrication and cooling are supplied
by the pumped fluid. The Type 5870 is ■ Speed: F
frequently applied to pumps having Up to 2,200 fpm/11 m/s
specialty taper bore seal chambers, ■ Axial Movement: ± 0.080"/2mm FIM
which enhance the sealing environment D
and allow flushless operation even in ■ Size Range:
demanding slurry services, normally 1.375" to 4.312"/35mm to 106mm
sealed with a dual seal. Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features
Standard Options
■ Smooth, open-profile seal faces resist clogging and receive cooling and lubrication A Face/Primary Ring Tungsten Carbide —
from the pumped liquid, eliminating flush water seal support. B Seat/Mating Ring
■ Factory pre-assembled into a complete package and tested to ensure fast, easy C Quench/Drain Ports 316 SS —
installation and trouble-free startup. D Sleeve Assembly
■ Large, dynamic O-ring prevents fibers or solids from causing hang-up and limiting Stub Sleeve
seal life. Auxiliary Gland
■ Rotating mating ring designed for maximum cool running, higher shaft speeds and Collar
Cap Screws
more gland-to-shaft misalignment. E Spring
■ Rugged, single-coil spring, located outside of the product, allows for greater shaft F Dynamic O-rings TFE Propylene Ethylene Proplyene
motion due to cavitation, pulsations, and other upset operating conditions. Fluoroelastomer
■ Quench connection allows grease or water to lubricate and cool atmospheric G V-ring Nitrile —
side of seal if dry-running, cavitation, or air bind operation occurs.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 132 

 Type 8610/8620
High Duty, Single Cartridge Seals

Markets/Applications
Offshore
Pipeline
Injection
Boiler Feed
Power Generation
Product Description
The Type 8600 High Duty Seal range, Performance Capabilities
available in single and dual C
■ Temperature:
arrangements, is designed for the
-58°F to 572°F/-50°C to 300°C
highest pressures and speeds. The D
Type 8610 is a balanced, stationary ■ Pressure:
multi-spring, single mechanical seal. 2900 psi(g)/200 bar(g)
Type 8620 is a balanced, stationary ■ Speed: E
multi-spring dual mechanical seal.
Up to 10,000 fpm/50 m/s
The seals are suited to a whole host of B
offshore, refinery and process industry ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
duties. Its robust construction and 0.004"/0.1mm A
proven heritage makes it ideal for
remote pipeline installations.
■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
Up to 0.006"/0.015mm
■ Size Range:
1.500" to 8.00"/41mm to 206mm
Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Advanced composite face materials. Standard Options
■ FEA optimized seal faces, with LaserFace Technology as standard on dual A Face/Primary ring Silicon Carbide Silicon Carbide/Carbon Fiber
pressurized seals. Carbon
■ Unique carbon-fiber reinforcement option (ACR) for high reverse pressure B Seat/Mating ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
capability. C O-rings Fluoroelastomer Nitrile
■ Hang-up resistant polymer secondary seals. Isolast
■ ESR seal face support, used to achieve stable face presentation. Perfluoroelastomer
Polymer
D Hardware Super Duplex 316 SS
E Springs Inconel X750 Hastelloy C-276

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 133 

 Type SB1/A
Single Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Abrasives
Solids/Fibers
Pulp and Paper Pumps
Power Plant Pumps C
Various Pumps A
Product Description Processing Equipment
The Type SB1 seal is versatile, easy
to install and maintain. Although Performance Capabilities
the design of the seal is simple, it ■ Temperature:
contains advanced technical features,
250°F/120°C
such as patented seal face holders
and an elastic thrust ring. The ■ Stuffing Box Pressure:
balanced cartridge design makes the 215 psi(g)/15 bar(g)
Type SB1 seal applicable for a wide
range of demanding conditions.
■ Speed: B
4,000 fpm/20 m/s
■ Size Range: E
1.000" to 5.000"/25mm to 150mm

Design Features D

■ Balanced construction; sudden changes in pressure do not affect seal function.

■ Springs are located in the stationary part of the seal. Shaft misalignment will Materials and Parts
not vibrate the springs or wear out the O-rings.
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ SiC/Carbon faces are standard, ideal for the high speeds found in condensate
and high pressure pumps. Standard Options
■ Cartridge design, easy to install, reducing possibilities of human error. A Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide —
Carbon
No measurements necessary for installation.
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ No drive pins in contact with faces. No face cracking during start-up.
C O-rings PTFE —
■ Available in different materials. Selection covers all single seal applications. EPDM
Fluorocarbon
D Gland Plate AISI 329 Titanium
Hastelloy
UHB
E Springs Nimonic Steel —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 134 

 Type SB2/A
Dual Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Environmentally Hazardous
Abrasive Fluids D
Pumps
Process Equipment
Agitators A
Product Description C
Type SB2 is a dual cartridge seal. Its Performance Capabilities
double-balanced design ensures the ■ Temperature:
reliability and longevity of the seal in 350°F/180°C
the most demanding conditions.
The Type SB2 seal is ideal for use
■ Stuffing Box Pressure:
with environmentally hazardous and 215 psi(g)/15 bar(g)
abrasive fluids, most often used in ■ Seal Pressure:
pumps. The Type SB2 seal is also 215 psi(g)/15 bar(g) B
compatible with other process
equipment, including agitators.
■ Speed:
4,000 fpm/20 m/s E
■ Size Range:
1.000" to 5.000"/35mm to 140mm

Design Features
■ Patented heat process fastens the seal faces, ensuring correct, distortion-free Materials and Parts
face alignment at all recommended temperatures. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ The springs are located in the stationary body of the seal, in the seal water. Standard Options
The seal water washes the springs, preventing process chemical corrosion,
and reduces the chance of the springs getting blocked or jammed. Shaft A Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide —
misalignment does not vibrate or wear out the O-rings. Carbon
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide (inboard) —
■ The piston design permits free axial movement allowing ±2mm axial movement. Carbon (outboard)
Impeller adjustments do not affect face stress or spring strength.
C O-rings PTFE —
■ PTFE slot rings replace the traditional O-rings in places where they are exposed EPDM
to the product, preventing sticking. Fluorocarbon
■ Protected faces - the seal face carriers are driven by machined fits, preventing D Gland Plate AISI 329 Titanium
metal stress from distorting the face. Hastelloy
■ Patented double-balanced design allows the use of both pressurized and UHB
unpressurized water and prevents face overload. E Springs Nimonic Steel —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 135 

 Type SBW
Single Cartridge Quench Seal

Markets/Applications
Abrasives
Solids/Fibers
Pulp and Paper Pumps C
Power Plant Pumps A
Various Pumps
Product Description Processing Equipment
Type SBW is a single seal cartridge
used with an unpressurized quench. Performance Capabilities
The Type SBW seal can be used in ■ Temperature:
many industrial process pumps. The
300°F/150°C
design ensures reliable performance
and longevity under demanding ■ Stuffing Box Pressure:
conditions. Typical applications 215 psi(g)/15 bar(g)
include moderate and abrasive, slurry B
■ Seal Water Pressure:
services, products that crystallize
7 psi(g)/0.5 bar(g) E
in contact with air and in high
temperature condensate pumps. ■ Speed:
The Type SBW cartridge seal fits other 4,000 fpm/20 m/s
processing equipment in addition D
to pumps.
■ Size Range:
1.000" to 5.000"/25mm to 135mm
Balanced cartridge design makes the
Type SBW seal ideal for a wide range of
applications under demanding conditions. Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Balanced design sudden changes in pressure do not affect seal function. Standard Options
■ Springs are located in the stationary part of the seal, in the seal water. Shaft A Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide —
misalignment will not vibrate the springs or wear out the O-rings. The seal water Carbon
washes the springs. B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Cartridge design, no measurements necessary for installation, easy to install, C O-rings PTFE —
reducing possibilities of human error. EPDM
Fluorocarbon
■ No drive pins in contact with faces. No face cracking during start-up.
D Gland Plate AISI 329 Titanium
■ Available in different materials. Selection covers all single applications. Hastelloy
■ Unpressurized water quench, at high temperatures, the seal is cooled with UHB
an unpressurized (quench) wash. A V-ring prevents wash water leakage. E Springs Nimonic Steel —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 136 

 Type JCS1
O-ring Pusher Seal

Markets/Applications
Sulzer AHLSTAR UP Pump Series
Andritz S/SP and ACP Series
Process Pumps
All Process Industry Applications A
Product Description
Safeseal Type JCS1 is a rugged, pump B
Performance Capabilities
integrated single seal designed for
clean and lubricating fluids such
■ Temperature:
as water, oils, solvents and low 32°F to 194°F/0°C to 90°C
consistency slurries. The Type JCS1 ■ Pressure:
seal is designed especially for the Up to 225 psi(g)/16 bar(g) C
Sulzer AHLSTAR UP pump series
and for Andritz S/SP and ACP series
■ Speed:
pumps. Up to 4,000 fpm/20 m/s
The JCS1 seal is easy to install from ■ Size Range: D
the impeller side. Type JCS1 is very 1.181" to 8.661"/30mm to 220mm E
advanced in its technical capabilities
including a patented drive mechanism
for seal faces and self aligning,
elastically mounted thrust ring.
Design Features
■ Balanced design provides undisturbed operation even with sudden pressure shocks. Materials and Parts
■ Single spring or springs on atmospheric side located in the stationary part of the seal. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Material is corrosion resistant. Standard Options
■ Shaft misalignment does not pulsate the spring nor wear out the O-ring. A Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide/Carbon —
■ SiC/Carbon or SiC/SiC seal faces as standard materials. B Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ No measurements required for installation. C O-rings PTFE —
EPDM
■ Easy installation reduces risk of human error. Fluorocarbon + others
■ Seal installation does not require back plate removal and the seal for Sulzer D Gland Plate AISI 329 Titanium
AHLSTAR UP pump series is fastened with one bolt which guarantees fast, trouble Hastelloy
free installation. Alloy 20 + others
■ Torque transmission with super elastic devices combined with no drive pins at E Springs Nimonic (Andritz S, SP, ACP) —
seals faces. Inconell X-750 (Sulzer AHLSTAR UP)
■ Seal faces do not crack at start-up.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 137 

 Type JCS2
O-ring Pusher Seal

Markets/Applications
Sulzer AHLSTAR UP Process Pumps,
Liquid Ring Pumps and Gas
Separators
Design is Made Also for Andritz S/SP
A
and ACP Pump Series
Product Description
JCS2MP is Specifically Designed for B
The double-balanced design of
Sulzer’s MBN Pumps
Safeseal Type JCS2 ensures reliable
and long-lasting operation under the JCS2A is Designed for Andritz ACP
most demanding conditions. This seal Process Pumps
is typically used in pumps for abrasive C
and environmentally hazardous liquids Performance Capabilities
in pulp and paper mills. Applications
include also demanding services in ■ Temperature:
food, metal and fertilizer processes. 32ºF to 356ºF/0ºC to 180ºC
D
The Type JCS2 seal seal is especially ■ Pressure:
designed for the Sulzer AHLSTAR UP Box: Up to 360 psi(g)/25 bar(g)
pump series. Barrier: Up to 215 psi(g)/15 bar(g)
■ Speed: E
Up to 4,000 fpm/20 m/s
■ Size Range:
1181.00" to 4528.00"/30mm to 115mm
Design Features Materials and Parts
■ Seal can utilize the integrated and advanced SmartFlow seal water control technology. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Shaft misalignment does not pulsate the spring nor wear out the O-ring. Standard Options
■ The piston design of the seal enables large axial movement that does not have A Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide/Carbon —
impact on spring loading. B Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Heat shrunk SiC/SiC, SiC/Carbon seal faces as standard materials. C O-rings PTFE —
■ No measurements required for installation. Easy installation reduces risk of human EPDM
error. Seal installation does not require back plate removal and the seal for Sulzer Fluorocarbon + others
AHLSTAR UP pump series is fastened with one bolt which guarantees fast trouble D Gland Plate AISI 329 Titanium
free installation. Hastelloy
Alloy 20 + others
■ Torque transmission with super elastic devices combined with no drive pins at
seals faces. This eliminates possible start-up failures. E Springs EN 1.4436 (AISI 316) (Andritz S, SP) —
Nimonic (Andritz ACP)
■ The special double-balanced design allows the use of both pressurized and Inconell X-750 (Sulzer AHLSTAR UP)
non-pressurized sealant.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 138 

 Type FFET
O-ring Pusher Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical F
Food and Beverage I
Hydrocarbon
Oil and Gas A
Pharmaceutical
Product Description Power Generation E

The Type FFET is a single spring Pulp and Paper

seal used for a variety of duties from Waster and Wastewater D
chemicals to oil to water and for many B
abrasive and crystallizing duties. The Performance Capabilities C
seal is ideal for use on top-entry G
■ Temperature:
mixers where the liquid product may
-40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C
not provide continuous cooling and
H
lubrication of the seal faces. ■ Pressure:
The use of premium seal face Dynamic: up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
materials ensures low heat generation Hydrostatic: up to 435 psi(g)/30 bar(g)
and dry-running thermal stability. ■ Speed:
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
■ Size Range:
1.000" to 4.000"/25mm to 100 mm**
** Above 4.000"/100 mm to suit client specification. Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features Standard Options
■ The use of premium seal face materials ensures low heat generation and dry A Face/Primary Ring Resin-Impregnated Nickel Binder Tungsten Carbide
running thermal stability. Carbon Graphite Reaction Bonded Silicon Carbide
Sintered Silicon Carbide
■ Heavy-duty drive.
B Seat/Mating Ring Reaction Bonded Sintered Silicon Carbide
■ Stationary flexible unit permits high tolerance to solids. Silicon Carbide Nickel Binder Tungsten Carbide
■ Stationary external single spring improves tolerance to clogging. C Retaining Clips Stainless Steel Super Duplex (UNS S32760)
■ Indirect positive sleeve/shaft drive prevents shaft damage. D Drive Collar
■ Easy, fast and reliable installation as a pressure-tested pretest unit. E Gland Plate
F Sleeve
■ Multifunctional gland plate.
G Stationary Seal Duplex SS Super Duplex SS (UNS S32760)
Ring Body (UNS S31803) Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
H Spring Stainless Steel Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
I O-rings Fluorocarbon Ethylene Propylene
Perfluoroelastomer

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 139 

 Type 2800E/2800EX/2800EH
Externally Mounted, Gas-Lubricated, Non-Contacting, Dual Pressurized Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical and Petrochemical
For Maximum Achievable Control
Technology Compliance in New or
Existing Standard Bore Pumps
Product Description Double Seal Alternative for Positive
Sealing of High Purity Fluids Without
Type 2800E is a state-of-the-art Potential for Product Contamination A
gas- lubricated, non-contacting dual
pressurized seal cartridge for use in B
ANSI or DIN standard bore pumps or Performance Capabilities D
limited space applications. It provides ■ Temperature:
zero emissions operation, extended -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C C
seal life, reduced power consumption,
and elimination of wet seal lubrication ■ Pressure:
system. It uses an available Up to 232 psi(g)/16 bar(g)
pressurized inert gas source for ■ Speed:
positively sealing hazardous process Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s F
fluids with zero emissions to
atmosphere. Non-contacting, dry- ■ Size Range:
running technology provides high 0.875" to 4.000"/22mm to 100 mm G
performance sealing of heat sensitive Higher operating conditions are achievable, consult E
or high purity fluids. John Crane Engineering.
Type 2800EX is the solids handling Materials and Parts
version of the 2800E.
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Type 2800EH is a version of the seal
Standard Options
that has been designed to achieve lift
off and non-contacting operation A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide (Inboard only)
using a hydrostatic lift face design. B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
Cap Head Screws 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS) (UNS N8020)
Design Features Anti-Rotation Pins Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ 0.0 fugitive emissions. Snap Ring Titanium
■ Spiral groove technology.
C Sleeve, Gland Plate
D Springs, Set Screws
■ Non-contacting design. E Drive Collar, Drive Pins
■ Simplified support system. F O-rings Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
■ Compact design. Cranelast
■ Dual balance inner seal design. G Setting Ring (Spacer) Pure PTFE —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 140 

 Type 2874
Non-Contacting, Outward Pumping, Gas-Lubricated Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Use where up time and reliability
are critical. Where high degree of
process purity is desired. Where
maximum achievable control B
technology (MACT) is desirable for C
Product Description toxic or hazardous fluids. Where dry- A
The Type 2874 is a gas-lubricated, running or off curve operation is D
non-contacting dual cartridge seal possible.
designed for use in API, ANSI and DIN For Process Fluids that Display
large seal chambers. Turbidity or Solids in Suspension E
Non-contacting, internally pressurized For Sealing Fluids that are Sensitive
outward pumping dual seal cartridge to Thermal Gain or Loss
for new and existing pumps. For
Maximum Achievable Control Performance Capabilities
Technology (MACT) and high reliability ■ Temperature: F
sealing of volatile or hazardous fluids -20°F to 500°F/-30°C to 260°C
in chemical, petrochemical and refining
processes. For process fluids that ■ Pressure:
display turbidity or solids in suspension. 600 psi(g)/41 bar(g)
For sealing high purity fluids without ■ Speed:
potential for product contamination. 1,450 to 3,600 rpm
For sealing fluids that are sensitive to
thermal gain or decay. ■ Size Range: Materials and Parts
1.375" to 4.000"/35mm to 100 mm
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features Standard Options
■ ID to OD pumping spiral groove arrangement places process fluid at the OD of A Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
the inner seal. Eliminates low flow regions in close proximity to inner seal, B Face/Primary Ring Carbon —
reduces dewatering and hang up. C Gland Adapter 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Rotating mating ring imparts centrifugal flow to fluid in the seal chamber of D Gland Plate
equipment. E Collar 316 SS —
■ 0.0 fugitive emissions. F Sleeve 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Reverse pressure capability.
■ Simplified barrier gas support system.
■ Specific designs have been API 682 qualification tested.
■ API 682 versions are compliant with the standard and supplied with qualified
face mating pairs.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 141 

 Type 2800
Gas-Lubricated, Non-Contacting Dual, Pressurized Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical and Petrochemical
For Maximum Achievable Control
Technology (MACT) Compliance in
New or Existing Standard Bore Pumps A

Product Description D
The Type 2800 is for Maximum Performance Capabilities
B
Achievable Control Technology (MACT) ■ Temperature:
compliance in new and existing C
-40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
pumps. For high reliability sealing
of volatile fluids in chemical and ■ Pressure:
petrochemical processes. Dual Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
pressurized seal alternative for ■ Speed:
F
positive sealing of high-purity 1,450 to 3,600 rpm
E
fluids without potential for product
contamination. For use in large bore ■ Size Range:
seal chambers. For sealing fluids that 1.000" to 5.500"/25mm to 127mm
are sensitive to thermal gain or loss. Consult John Crane engineering for non-standard
sizes and for low or high speed designs.

Design Features Materials and Parts

■ 0.0 fugitive emissions. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Reverse pressure capability. Standard Options
■ Patented spiral groove design. A Face/Primary Ring Metal-Filled Carbon —
■ Non-contacting operation. B Seat/Mating Ring Nickel Binder Tungsten Carbide Sintered Silicon Carbide
■ Eliminates potential for product contamination. C Sleeve 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
D Gland Plate
■ Fits large bore ANSI and DIN "C"seal chambers.
Collar
■ Expeller option handles up to 12% solids by volume. Retainer
■ Simplified gas barrier support system. E O-rings Fluoroelastomer Ethylene Propylene
Perfluoroelastomer
Buna-N (Nitrile)
F Spring 316 SS —

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 142 

 Type 2800XA
Gas-Lubricated, Non-Contacting, Dual Pressurized Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical and Petrochemical
For Maximum Achievable Control C
Technology (MACT) Compliance in
New or Existing Standard Bore Pumps B
A
Product Description
Performance Capabilities E
The Type 2800XA offers the best H
available process containment ■ Temperature: D
technology in pumping services. -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
For high reliability sealing of volatile G
and hazardous fluids in chemical
■ Pressure:
and petrochemical processes. Dual Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
pressurized seal alternative for ■ Speed:
positive sealing of high-purity 1,000 to 3,600 rpm F
fluids without potential for product
contamination. For use in large bore
■ Size Range:
seal chambers. For sealing fluids that 1.000" to 4.000"/30mm to 100mm
are sensitive to thermal gain or loss. Conditions that vary from those listed above can be
sealed using other Type 2800 Series products, consult
John Crane engineering.

Design Features
■ Full process containment. Materials and Parts
■ Reverse pressure capability. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Spiral groove technology.
Standard Options
■ Non-contacting operation.
A Face/Primary Ring Antimony Carbon Nickel Chrome Carbon
■ Simplified gas barrier support system.
B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
C Inboard Gland Plate 316 SS —
D Sleeve
E Outboard Gland Plate
F Setting Clip
G Drive Collar
H O-ring Fluorocarbon Perfluoroelastomer
Nitrile

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 143 

 Type 2800XP
Gas-Lubricated, Non-Contacting, Dual Pressurized Cartridge Seals

Markets/Applications
Chemical and Petrochemical
For Maximum Achievable Control
Technology (MACT) Compliance in
New or Existing Standard Bore Pumps
Product Description
The Type 2800XP is designed to deliver Performance Capabilities
stable and reliable performance ■ Temperature:
where high barrier pressures are -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C F
required. The inner seal embodies
specific design elements intended to ■ Pressure:
provide reliable and consistent barrier Up to 600 psi(g)/42 bar(g)
gas consumption in the presence of ■ Speed:
high differential pressure. 1,000 to 3,600 rpm
E
For use in large bore seal chambers. ■ Size Range:
Shaft sizes consistent with API 682. 0.875" to 4.000"/30mm to 110mm
D
For positive containment of volatile C
and hazardous fluids in chemical or Conditions that vary from those listed above can be B
petrochemical processes. For high sealed using other Type 2800 Series products, consult
A
reliability sealing of high purity John Crane Engineering.

fluids with no potential for product

contamination. For sealing fluids that
are sensitive to thermal gain or loss. Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Standard Options
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Carbon
Design Features B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
C Sleeve 316 SS Hastelloy C-276 (UNS N 10276)
■ Dual pressurized seal arrangement insures zero product emissions.
D Gland Plate Titanium
■ Reverse pressure capability insures full process containment. Collar
■ Heavy-duty seal faces and hardware to accept elevated pressure applications. Retainer
■ Inner seal exhibits high differential pressure capability. E O-rings Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
Nitrile
■ State of the art spiral groove, non-contacting seal face technology.
F Springs Stainless Steel —
■ Non-contacting operation provides extremely low parasitic horsepower losses.

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 144 

 Type 28LD
Non-Contacting, Dry-Running Gas Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing
Food Processing
Geothermal Power Generation
Heat Treatment
Industrial Blowers and Fans
Product Description Marine
Technology that revolutionized sealing Mixers and Agitators A
for large compressors comes to low Oil and Refinery
pressure applications in a wide Petrochemical
range of industrial equipment. Power Generation B
High performance, long seal life, Wastewater
and minimal, controlled leakage
are assured. Performance Capabilities
Type 28LD seals can be used in ■ Temperature:
single, dual pressurized or dual –40°F to 500°F/–40°C to 260°C C
unpressurized cartridge
arrangements. Multiple seals with ■ Pressure:
Up to 225 psi(g)/15.5 bar(g) per single D
inert buffers can be applied to toxic
gas installations. sealing stage
Type 28LD seals are recommended ■ Speed:
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
as safety backups for liquid seals on For vacuum or high pressure services, consult
unattended pump stations. John Crane Engineering.
Materials and Parts
■ Size Range:
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
2.00" to 6.25"/50mm to 159mm
Standard Options
Design Features A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
■ Patented partial spiral groove pattern on mating ring, pumps gas inward towards B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
the ungrooved portion. This compressed gas cushion separates the faces. C Springs/Seal Hardware 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
Gas loss and heat generation are reduced dramatically; gas contamination by D Secondary Seal Fluorocarbon Perfluoroelastomer
buffering liquids is eliminated. Cranelast
■ No lubrication, dry-running technology ends the need for seal face lubrication, Buna-N (Nitrile)
halting frequent maintenance and concern with product contamination of a Neoprene
lubricating liquid.
■ Non-contacting operation, the inward pumping action of the spiral grooves gives
rise to gas pressure between the faces, and the pressure acts to separate the two
faces. The typical face separation is 0.0001" to 0.0002".

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 145 

 Type 28SC
Dry-Running, Secondary Containment Gas Seal

Markets/Applications
For Use as a Secondary Containment
Seal in Combination With a Primary
Seal Cartridge.

Product Description Performance Capabilities

Type 28SC is a dry-running,
■ Temperature: B
significantly short, unbalanced gas -20°F to 500°F/-29°C to 260°C
seal primarily designed for secondary ■ Pressure:
containment purposes. In the event Gas Operation:
of primarily seal failure Type 28SC Up to 44 psi(g)/3 bar(g) D
acts as a safety seal preventing mass Liquid Operation:
escape of process fluid. Dry-running Up to 580 psi(g)/40 bar(g)
technology ends need for seal
face lubrication halting frequent
■ Speed:
A
maintenance and concern with Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
C
product contamination of a lubricating ■ Size Range:
liquid. The unique O-ring carrier 1.000" to 4.500"/25mm to 114mm
provides the secondary seal of the E
face with the O-ring and also provides
the spring load through the O-ring.

Design Features Materials and Parts

■ The unbalanced technology reduces emissions to minimum. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ No balance step in shaft, extremely short axial length. Standard Options
■ Low leakage rate. A Face/Primary Ring Antimony-Impregnated Carbon —
■ Will work in a process liquid up to 580 psi(g)/40 bar(g) without wear. B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
■ Safer sealing of emergency conditions. C O-rings Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
■ Can operate in a partial vacuum without face and seat contact. Nitrile
Ethylene Propylene
■ Seal can be used in a totally enclosed containment installation.
D Springs Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ Large under and over compression allowance for flexible installation. E Retainer 316 SS —
Set Screws
Thrust Ring

 Seal Family B Table of Contents Index 146 

 Seal Family C - PTFE Wedge Seals
Types 9/9T/109/59U, and 9B/9BT/109B/59B

his family is identified by the use of a dynamic PTFE wedge as the secondary sealing element. This seal family is a pusher design, where the dynamic PTFE wedge is
T pushed along the shaft or sleeve of the equipment as face wear occurs and during shaft deflections. This dynamic PTFE wedge prevents the sealed fluid from passing
around the flexible seal face.

■ Type 9 and 9T seals are compact, unitized, one-piece, multi-coil spring designs
using a PTFE wedge for the secondary sealing element. These seals are used for
extremely corrosive fluids and extreme temperatures. The Type 9T seal is a
narrower, thin cross-section version of the Type 9 seal.
■ Type 9B and 9BT seals are compact, unitized, one-piece, multi-coil spring
designs using a PTFE wedge for the secondary sealing element. These seals are
used for extremely corrosive fluids and extreme temperatures. Type 9B and 9BT
seals are balanced versions of the Type 9 and 9T seals, for high pressure
applications. The Type 9BT seal is a narrower, thin cross-section version of
the Type 9B seal.

■ Type 109 is a metric range of the Type 9, for use in extremely corrosive
environments. A wedge secondary sealing element of PTFE construction virtually
eliminates leakage and is compatible with sulphuric, nitric, phosphoric and
hydrochloric acids. A hydraulically balanced version, the Type 109B is also
available permitting use in higher-pressure applications.
■ Type 59U and Type 59B seals are metric versions of the Type 9 and Type 9B
seals. Both the Type 59 series and the Type 9 feature PTFE wedge secondary
seals that allow application in highly corrosive fluids such as sulfuric, nitric,
phosphoric and hydrochloric acids. Fits DIN 24960/ISO 3069.

 Seal Family C Table of Contents Index 147 

 Type 9/9T/109/59U
PTFE Wedge Seals

Markets/Applications
Chemical Processing
Food Processing
Marine
Nuclear Service
Offshore Oil and Refinery
Product Description F
Petrochemical Processing
D
Type 9 seals are standard for use Pharmaceutical
B
where expensive and corrosive Power Generation
Pulp and Paper A
liquids are being processed.
Wastewater and Water Desalination
Wedge construction of the secondary
sealing element virtually eliminates
leakage. A snap ring holds all parts Performance Capabilities
together in a unitized construction ■ Temperature:
design which eases installation and C
9 -350°F to 750°F/-212°C to 400°C G
removal. 9T -75°F to 500°F/-59°C to 260°C
109/59U E
-150°F to 750°F/-100°C to 400°C
(depending on materials used)
■ Pressure:
Up to 350 psi(g)/24 bar(g)
■ Speed:
5,000 fpm/25 m/s Materials and Parts
■ Size Range: SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
9/9T 0.50" to 4.000"/12mm to 100mm
59U 0.50" to 4.000"/14mm to 100mm Standard Options
109 0.500" to 6.000"/10mm to125mm A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Tungsten Carbide
Silicon Carbide
Design Features B Secondary Sealing PTFE Crane-foil
■ Compact design permits use in all types of rotating equipment, such as C Retainer 316 SS Monel
centrifugal pumps, mixers, agitators, blowers, and fans. D Disc Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
E Snap Ring Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
■ Seals can be repaired easily on-site or at any John Crane Seal Service Center F Set Screws Hastelloy B
and/or converted to O-ring seals. G Springs
■ Full Type 9 and narrow Type 9T cross-section designs.

 Seal Family C Table of Contents Index 148 

 Type 9B/9BT/109B/59B
Balanced PTFE Wedge Seals

Markets/Applications
For Extremely Corrosive, High F
Pressure Fluid Applications, such as
Sulfuric, Nitric, Phosphoric, or G
Hydrochloric Acids B

Product Description Chemical Processing A

Food Processing
Type 9B seals are standard for use Offshore Oil and Refinery
where expensive and corrosive liquids Petrochemical Processing
are being processed. Power Generation
Wedge construction of the secondary Pulp and Paper
sealing element virtually eliminates Wastewater
leakage. All components are held
together by a snap ring in a unitized Performance Capabilities
construction design which eases ■ Temperature:
installation and removal. Hydropad
9B -350°F to 750°F/-212°C to 400°C
seal versions are available. C
9BT -20°F to 500°F/-29°C to 260°C
109B/59B D
-150°F to 750°F/-100°C to 400°C
(depending on materials used) E
■ Pressure:
Up to 750 psi(g)/52 bar(g)
with positive hydraulic balancing Materials and Parts
■ Speed: SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
5,000 fpm/25 m/s
Standard Options
■ Size Range:
9B 0.50" to 6.00"/12mm to 152mm
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Carbon (FDA Approved)
Tungsten Carbide
9BT 1.00" to 4.00"/25mm to 100mm Silicon Carbide
59B 0.50" to 4.00"/14mm to 100mm
109B 0.625" to 6.50"/15mm to 165mm B Secondary Sealing PTFE Crane-foil
Design Features C Retainer 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
D Disc Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
■ Compact design permits use in all types of rotating equipment, such as E Snap Ring
centrifugal pumps, mixers, and agitators. F Set Screws
■ Lapping process results in high precision finish with optimal flatness. G Springs
■ Seals can be repaired easily on-site or at any John Crane Seal Service Center
and/or converted to O-ring seals.
■ Full Type 9B and narrow Type 9BT cross-section designs.

 Seal Family C Table of Contents Index 149 

Seal Family D - Welded Metal Bellows Seals
Types 604/606/609, 604HTC/609HTC, 670/675/676/680, 515E/515C, GL1B/GL1H, ECS, EZ-1, 1604HTC/2606HTC/3609HTC/3604HTC,
1670/2670/3670, 5615/5615Q, 5625/5625P, 2874NE and 285

welded metal bellows seal, or edge-welded metal bellows, consists of a series of stamped plates welded together at the inside and outside diameters. Although bellows
A plates can be produced from any weldable material, the most common are AM-350, Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS), Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276), and Alloy 718 (UNS N07718). Both the
AM-350 and Alloy 718 (UNS N07718) can be heat treated for use in high temperature services (≥400°F/200°C).
The individual stamped plates are joined at their inside diameters to create a convolution. A bellows core is created by joining the convolutions at their outside diameters. The
bellows core is then welded to end fittings to produce the desired seal head. The bellows assembly performs several functions. It acts as a spring to keep the faces together; it
acts as a dynamic seal; and it transmits torque to the seal face.
All John Crane SealolTM welded metal bellows seals use a plate shape called a The Bellows Cleans Itself in Three Ways:
“nesting ripple design”. With a three-sweep radius, this plate design allows the ■ Centrifugal Action: Suspended particles in a fluid or a slurry spin to the outside
bellows device to be flexed repeatedly, without the metal being stressed beyond its
of the seal. Since there is no shroud on the outside of the bellows, the particles
endurance limit. This feature allows constant flexing without fatiguing the metal.
are spun into the fluid surrounding the seal.
The bellows plate design also has a 45° inside diameter tilt angle (see below) versus ■ Flex-Cleaning: This occurs as the bellows seal plates are flexing because of
smaller or 0° tilt angle plates provided by other manufacturers. On a flat plate (0° tilt)
misalignment between the shaft and the stationary seat. Should any particles
design, pressure acts on the OD of the bellows. Bending stresses are centered on the
adhere to the plate, they would be expelled when the plate flexes, much like ice
ID welds. A 45° tilt angle distributes these stresses away from the welds and through
is expelled from an ice-cube tray when it is flexed.
the sweep radius.
Unlike pusher type seals, the secondary shaft packing is not required to move back
■ Knifing/Slicing Cleaning: This occurs because the seal spins on the shaft at a
and forth on each shaft revolution. So, this static packing speed faster than the surrounding fluid. This causes the bellows plate to knife or
cannot “fret” the shaft or sleeve, and eliminates seal face slice through the fluid. The fluid motion wipes off any particles that have tried to
hang-up. The static or non-moving shaft packing allows the stick to the bellows.
user a wide choice of materials to fit most applications. In All welded metal bellows seals are pressure balanced by design. They do not need
addition, there are no small springs or spring pockets to a step in the shaft or sleeve like a pusher seal does. The pressure balance feature
become clogged or packed with suspended solids. allows our bellows seals to handle OD pressure from vacuum to 300 psi(g)/20 bar(g).
If the pumped product remains at the OD of the seal, the For pressures over 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g), we can supply our patented DOUBLE-PLY
plates will continually clean themselves as the seal rotates. bellows which can handle pressures up to 1000 psi(g)/65 bar(g). Please consult the
A bellows seal can only clog if the seal is stopped or if Pressure Ratings chart on the seal datasheets or John Crane Engineering for ratings
particles lodge at the ID of the convolution. based on size.
Bellows seals generally have light spring loads that relate to less frictional heat at
the faces, low power consumption, and longer seal life.
In summary, due to the variety of bellows materials and secondary seals, welded
metal bellows seals can be applied in just about any service that you may encounter.

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 150 

 Type 604/606/609
High Temperature Metal Bellows Seals

Markets/Applications Type 609

Aqueous Solutions
Heat Transfer Fluids
Hydrocarbons
Chemicals E
Crude Oil Fractionation Products
Product Description B
Aromatic Fractionation Products
Type 604
High temperature general-purpose Performance Capabilities
stationary bellows assembly capable of
handling high shaft speed applications
■ Temperature:
and high shaft-to-seal chamber -100°F to 800°F/–75°C to 425°C
(with flexible graphite static packing)
misalignment.
Type 606
■ Pressure:
High temperature rotary bellows Vacuum to 360 psi(g)/25 bar(g) C
assembly with drive lugs under the Vacuum to 1000 psi(g)/69 bar(g)(with F
DOUBLE-PLY bellows)
bellows for additional rotational drive in
(see Basic Pressure Ratings Chart)
viscous or thermosetting applications. A
Type 609
■ Speed:
D
High temperature rotary bellows 606/609 Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
assembly with narrow cross-section 604 Up to 10,000 fpm/50 m/s
design for easy fit. ■ Shaft Size:
604 1.000" to 3.875"/
25.4mm to 98.43mm Materials and Parts
606 0.75" to 3.75"/ SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
19.05mm to 95.25mm
609 1.000" to 4.000"/ Standard Options
25.4mm to 101.60mm A Bellows Alloy 718 (UNS N07718) Heat-Treated AM-350
(UNS S35000)
Design Features B Primary Ring Premium Carbon Grade —
■ Sealol edge-welded metal bellows. Silicon Carbide
Tungsten Carbide
■ Elastomer-free design.
C Static Seals Flexible Graphite —
■ Standard components.
D Primary Ring Adapter Alloy 42 (UNS K94100) —
■ Meets API 682 requirements.
E Adapter Alloy 625 (UNS N06625) 347 SST (UNS S34700)
■ Available with secondary containment seal.
F Compression Ring 316 SS —
■ Available with DOUBLE-PLY bellows.
■ Available in single or dual cartridge arrangements.

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 151 

 Type 604HTC/609HTC
High Temperature Corrosion Resistant Metal Bellows Seal Family

Markets/Applications Type 604HTC

Hydrocarbons
Aromatic Fractionation Products C
Crude Oil Fractionation Products
Chemicals
Caustics, Some Acids
Product Description Aqueous Solutions B
Lubricating Liquids
Type HTC high temperature corrosion Heat Transfer Fluids
resistant welded metal bellows seal Cryogenic
is a unique advanced technology for
reliably sealing fluids in harsh high Performance Capabilities
temperature corrosive environments ■ Temperature: (with Crane-foil static packing)
and, at the same time, provides -100°F to 800°F/-75°C to 425°C
superior face stability at elevated ■ Pressure: (see Basic Pressure Ratings Chart]
temperatures. This all-Inconel seal Dynamic Vacuum to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
E
eliminates the need for platings, and Static 450 psi(g)/31 bar(g)
is ideally suited for applications that A
contain organic acids (naphthenic ■ Speed:
acid), and sulfur compounds that 609HTC Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s D
attack most other alloys at high 604HTC Up to 10,000 fpm/50 m/s
temperatures. ■ Size Range:
Type 604HTC: stationary bellows 604HTC (mounted without steam guide)
assembly. 1.625" to 6.875"/41.28mm to 174.63mm
604HTC (mounted with steam guide) Materials and Parts
Type 609HTC: rotating bellows 1.50" to 6.750"/38.1mm to 171.45mm
assembly. 609HTC SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
1.500" to 6.500"/38.1mm to 165.1mm Standard Options
Design Features —
A Bellows Alloy 718 (UNS N07718)
■ All-Inconel metallurgy, meets NACE MR0175/MR0103.
B Primary Ring Sealide-C (Sintered) Tungsten Carbide/
■ ID and OD pressure capability, withstands reverse pressurization. Silicon Carbide
■ Thermally compliant primary ring adapter. C Static Seals Flexible Graphite —
■ Pressure compensating primary ring. D Primary Ring Adapter Alloy 718 (UNS N07718) —
■ Sealol edge-welded metal bellows. E Adapter
■ Sealide-C advanced silicon carbide composite.
■ API 682 qualification tested.
■ Available in single or dual cartridge arrangements.
■ Narrow radial cross-section fits most popular pump models without modification.
■ Available with DOUBLE-PLY bellows for higher pressure applications.

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 152 

 Type 670/675/676/680
Low Temperature Metal Bellows Seals

Markets/Applications Type 680

Acids
Caustics D
Chemicals
Food Products A
Hydrocarbons
Product Description Slurries
Type 670 Solvents
All Alloy C-276 high-strength low Water
temperature bellows assembly for
highly corrosive applications. Performance Capabilities
Type 675 ■ Temperature:
Rotating bellows that utilizes a -100°F to 550°F/–75°C to 290°C
titanium bellows and is ideal for (depending on materials used) B
chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and ferric
Pressure: E
chloride services. ■

Vacuum to 360 psi(g)/25 bar(g)

Type 676 (see Basic Pressure Ratings Chart)
AM-350 low temperature bellows C
assembly for large sizes above ■ Speed:
4.000"/95mm and mildly corrosive Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
applications. ■ Size Range:
Type 680 670/676 0.750" to 7.000"/
All Alloy 20 low temperature high 18mm to 150mm Materials and Parts
performance seal for use on a broad 675 1.125" to 1.875"/
range of corrosive media. 28.5mm to 47.6mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
680 0.750" to 4.000"/ Standard
18mm to 95mm A Bellows Assembly Type 670: Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
Type 675: Titanium (UNS R52400)
Design Features Type 676: AM-350 SS (UNS S35000)
Type 680: Alloy 20 (UNS N08020)
■ Sealol edge-welded metal bellows. B End-Fittings Type 670: Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Static secondary seal. Type 675: Titanium (UNS R50400)
■ Standard components. Type 676: 316L SS (UNS S31603)
Type 680: Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
■ Available in single or dual arrangements, shaft mounted, or in a cartridge.
C Primary Ring Premium Grade Carbon, Tungsten Carbide, Silicon Carbide
■ Meets API 682 requirements. D Set Screw See End-Fittings Standard Materials
E O-ring Fluorocarbon, EPR, PTFE-Encapsulated Fluorocarbon
Nitrile, Perfluoroelastomer

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 153 

 Type 515E/515C
Formed Metal Bellows Seals

Markets/Applications
General Industrial Applications.
Lubricating Liquids
Aqueous Solutions
Chemicals C
Corrosives
Product Description Some Acids
Alloy 718 formed metal bellows are Slurries and Abrasives
for general sealing duties including Hygienic (Food and Pharmaceutical)
refineries and chemical process
plants, food processing, beverage, Performance Capabilities
and the pharmaceutical industries.
Computer optimized Alloy 718
■ Temperature:
asymmetric bellows profile makes -40˚F to 390˚F/-40˚C to 200˚C
(depending on materials used)
this the most versatile formed metal D
bellows seal available. The even stress ■ Pressure:
A
distribution in the bellows, reduction Up to 290 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
in weld length and smooth profile lead
to greater reliability in many areas
■ Speed:
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s B
of application.
The Type 515C is a cartridge seals ■ Size Range:
designed for easy installation and 515E 0.750" to 4.000"/
maintenance. The Type 515C fits most 18mm to 100mm
popular DIN and ANSI pump sizes 515C 1.000" to 4.000"/ Materials and Parts
without modification. 24mm to 100mm
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Standard Options
Design Features
A Bellows Inconel Alloy 718 —
■ Compact design.
B Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide Coated Graphite
■ Asymmetric formed metal bellows.
C End Fittings Stainless Steel —
■ Simple setting and drive mechanism.
■ Available in component or engineered cartridge arrangements. D O-ring Nitrile
■ Smooth open bellows profile ideal for slurries and fibrous liquids. Fluorocarbon
EPR
Perfluoroelastomer
Pure PTFE
Glass Filled PTFE
Exfoliated Graphite

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 154 

 Type GL1B/GL1H
Formed Metal Bellows Seals

Markets / Applications
General Sealing Duties
Lubricating Liquids C
Aqueous Solutions
Pulp and Paper
Chemical Processing
Product Description Food
The Type GL1B is general duty single, Pharmaceutical
double ply inconel rolled formed metal Abrasive Fluids D
bellows seal. it is the first Slurries
double-ply formed bellows seal to
meet the dimensional requirements Performance Capabilities
of DIN 24960 L1K. The double-ply ■ Temperature:
design results in an axially flexible,
-40˚F to 500˚F/-40˚C to 260˚C
yet extremely strong construction.
(depending on materials used)
A hygienic formed bellows version,
Type GL1H, has been specifically ■ Pressure: A
engineered to maximize the cleaning Vacuum to 230 psi(g)/16 bar(g)
effects of the product flow and is Special design available to
ideally suited for food, drink, and 435 psi(g)/ 30 bar(g)
pharmaceutical applications. ■ Speed: B
Please contact John Crane for Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
more information about this product.
■ Size Range: Materials and Parts
1.000" to 4.000"/25mm to 100mm
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features Standard Options
A Bellows Inconel Alloy 625 —
■ No sliding O-ring, eliminates fretting.
B Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
■ Hydraulically balanced dual rotation seal.
C Primary Ring Adapter Duplex SS —
■ Minimum welds required in construction.
D O-ring Nitrile
■ Available in component or engineered cartridge arrangements. Fluorocarbon
■ Twin Ply Inconel® bellows combines strength with axial flexibility. EPR
Perfluoroelastomer
■ Smooth open bellows profile ideal for slurries and fibrous liquids.

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 155 

 Type ECS®
Metal Bellows Dry-Running Secondary Containment Seal

Markets/Applications Low Temperature Design

HPI, CPI
Aqueous Solutions J
Hydrocarbons
C
Chemicals
Lubricating Fluids F
Product Description B
Dry-running seal for emission Performance Capabilities G
containment and safety/backup. A
■ Low Temperature: Up to 400°F/204°C
An effective solution in meeting (depending on elastomer specified)
H
emission requirements while High Temperature: Up to 800°F/425°C I
eliminating the need for liquid
barrier systems. ■ Pressure: Dynamic Containment (wet): E
Up to 300 psi(g)/20 bar(g)
Will contain any nominal leakage from
Static Containment (wet and dry):
the primary seal and act as a backup
Up to 450 psi(g)/31 bar(g)
providing an additional level of safety D
Dynamic (dry): Up to 15 psi(g)/1 bar(g)
during process or system upsets. K
■ Speed: Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
As a self-contained cartridge, the
outer Type ECS is used with either ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
a rotating or stationary John Crane 0.003"/0.08mm FIM max.
Materials and Parts
primary seal of a bellows or pusher ■ Shaft Runout: 0.001"/0.025mm FIM
design. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
(max. per mm/inch of shaft diameter)
Standard Options
■ Size Range: 0.875" to 5.250"/ A Bellows AM-350 (standard for low-temp.)
22mm to 133mm Alloy 718 (standard for high-temp.) (optional for low-temp.)
Design Features
B Primary Ring Special Carbon Grade —
■ Sealol edge-welded metal bellows.
C Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Reaction Bonded —
■ Successfully controls VOC and VHAP emissions
D Housing 316L SS —
(volatile organic compounds and volatile hazardous air pollutant).
E O-ring (low-temp.) Fluorocarbon Perfluoroelastomer
■ Available in low and high temperature designs.
Packing (high-temp.) Flexible Carbon Graphite Perfluoroelastomer
■ Optimized tribopair ensures long life with low face wear and heat generation.
F Spacer Ring 303 SS 416 SS
■ Stationary mounted, uniformly loaded bellows plates produce closely controlled G Compression Ring
seal face loads for extended and reliable performance.
H Retaining Ring 302 SS —
■ High temperature design utilizes flexible graphite secondary seals.
I Wave Spring 17-7 pH SS Alloy x-750
■ Positive ball drive distributes torsional stresses more evenly than other drive
J Vent/Drain Connection — —
mechanisms (high temperature design).
K Spacer Aluminum —

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 156 

 Type EZ-1®
Cartridge-Mounted Metal Bellows Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical
Pulp and Paper J
Power Generation I
Food and Beverage
Wastewater D
Product Description
Standard product for general-purpose Performance Capabilities E
applications. ■ Temperature: H
Available with a hard-face combination -20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 200°C
for abrasive applications.
■ Pressure:
Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) is an K
Vacuum to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
optional bellows metallurgy
A
(upon special request). ■ Speed:
Up to 4,500 fpm/23 m/s B

■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance: C

0.005"/0.13mm FIM max. G

■ Shaft Runout: F
0.001"/0.025mm FIM max.
(per mm/inch of shaft diameter)
Materials and Parts
■ Size Range:
1.125" to 3.500"/28mm to 100mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Standard Options
Design Features A Bellows Alloy 20 (UNS N08020) Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Compact and easy to install. B Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
■ Only one moving part, the bellows. C Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Eliminates O-ring “hang-up” problems. D Sleeve 316L SS (UNS S31603) —
■ Self-Cleaning Sealol bellows design. E Sleeve Collar 303 SS —
■ No small springs to clog. F Gland 316 SS —
■ Flush-Port versatility. G Centering Bushing PTFE —
■ Seal provided with fluorocarbon O-ring installed in sleeve and an O-ring “kit” that H Snap Ring 302 SS —
includes EPR, PTFE encapsulated fluorocarbon, and TFE propylene to provide I Mating Ring O-ring PTFE Encapsulated Fluorocarbon —
compatibility with most services. J Gland Gasket Glass-Filled PTFE —
K Sleeve O-ring Fluorocarbon, PTFE Encapsulated Fluorocarbon,
EPDM, TFE Propylene

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 157 

 Type 1604HTC/2609HTC/3609HTC/3604HTC
API 682, Type C Sealol Metal Bellows Seals

Markets/Applications Type 2609HTC/3609HTC

Hydrocarbons
Aromatic Fractionation Products
(Benzene, Toluene, Solvents, etc.)
A
Product Description Crude Oil Fractionation Products
(Fuel Oil, Lubricating Oil, D
1604HTC - Single stationary bellows
Gasoline, etc.) E
cartridge seal Type C, Arrangement 1.
Chemicals, Caustics, Some Acids,
2609HTC - Dual unpressurized F
Heat Transfer Fluids, Cryogenic
rotating bellows cartridge seal Type C,
Aqueous Solutions
Arrangement 2. C
3609HTC - Dual pressurized rotating B
bellows cartridge seal Type C,
Performance Capabilities G
Arrangement 3. ■ Temperature:
3609HTC - Dual preassurized -100°F to 800°F/-75°C to 425°C
H
stationary bellows cartridge seal ■ Pressure:
Type C, Arrangement 3. Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) max.
These dependable API 682 cartridge ■ Speed:
seals utilize two impressive design 1604HTC/3604HTC:
innovations by incorporating High- up to 10,000 fpm/50 m/s
Temperature Corrosion Resistant 2609HTC/3609HTC:
Sealing (HTC) and unique High- up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
Temperature Live-loaded (HTL) Mating Materials and Parts
Ring technology in dual unpressurized ■ Size Range:
seal arrangements. This new design 1.500" to 4.500"/30mm to 120mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
vastly enhances seal face stability over Standard Options
conventional designs and can extend A Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
your MTBR in many services.
Design Features B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
C Sleeve 316 SS —
■ API 682 qualified. ■ All-Inconel metallurgy, meets NACE D Flow Guide
■ HTC technology. MR0175/MR0103. E Pumping Ring
■ HTL mating ring technology provides ■ Pumping ring standard. F Gland
exceptional face stability. ■ Segmented spring-loaded carbon G O-rings Flexible Graphite —
■ Sealide-C advanced silicon carbide throttle bushing for effective H Bellows/End Rings Alloy 718
composite. containment (Type 1604HTC). —
■ ID and OD pressure capability, ■ Retained mating ring.
withstands reverse pressurization
(Type 2609HTC/3609HTC).

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 158 

 Type 1670/2670/3670
API 682, Category 2/3, Arrangement 1, 2 and 3, Type B Metal Bellows Seals

Markets/Applications Type 1670

Hydrocarbons
Aromatic Fractionation Products D
(Benzene, Toluene, Solvents, etc.)
Product Description Crude Oil Fractionation Products
F
(Fuel Oil, Lubricating Oil,
Type 1670 - Mechanical seal is an all
Gasoline, etc.)
Alloy C-276, rotating bellows cartridge A
seal, providing high strength and Chemicals, Caustics, B
excellent corrosion resistance. It is Some Acids, Aqueous Solutions,
extremely durable in applications Lubricating Liquids
where temperature and product
concentrations result in an aggressive Performance Capabilities
environment. It is a standardized E
single cartridge arrangement; it is ■ Temperature:
certified as compliant to API 682. -40°F to 500°F/-40°C to 260°C
Type 2670 - is a dual unpressurized ■ Pressure:
rotating bellows cartridge seal Type B, Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) max. C
Arrangement 2. It is a standardized ■ Speed:
cartridge arrangement for use with
Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
liquid buffer fluids. The Type 2670
utilizes all Alloy C-276 bellows with ■ Size Range:
axial scroll pumping ring. 0.750" to 3.750"/19mm to 95mm
Type 3670 - is a dual pressurized Materials and Parts
rotating bellows cartridge seal Type B, SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Arrangement 3. The Type 3670 is used
with pressurized liquid barrier systems. Standard Options
The Type 3670 utilizes all Alloy C-276 A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Tungsten Carbide
bellows with axial scroll pumping ring. B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
C Sleeve 316 SS —
Design Features D Gland
■ Easy-to-install cartridge design with registered fit. E O-rings Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
Buna-N (Nitrile)
■ Sealol edge-welded metal bellows.
F Bellows/End Rings Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) —
■ Static secondary seals.
■ Distributed flush optimizes circulation of liquid at faces and prevents trapped vapor.
■ Pumping ring for optimized circulation of (liquid) buffer/barrier fluid.
■ API 682 qualification tested.

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 159 

 Type 5615/5615Q
Single Metal Bellows Cartridge Seal Family

Markets/Applications
Chemical
Petrochemical H
Pharmaceutical
Pulp and Paper C
Power Generation
Product Description Food and Beverage A
The Universal Cartridge 5600 Series is Ethanol
a modular cartridge seal family that Wastewater
includes interchangeable elastomer G
bellows, metal bellows, and elastomer Performance Capabilities E
O-ring pusher seal designs. ■ Temperature:
The Type 5615 and 5615Q single seal -20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 205°C
arrangements incorporate a Sealol
edge-welded metal bellows seal head.
■ Pressure:
Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) max. B
A common seal head/mating ring set,
utilized throughout all versions, is ■ Speed:
F
reversible to allow rotating seat/ Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
mating ring or rotating seal head ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
operation, and is interchangeable 0.005"/0.13mm FIM max. D
with O-ring seal heads.
Type 5615Q has an optional quench
■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
gland available for use on crystallizing 0.002"/0.05mm FIM max.
Materials and Parts
services when outside injection is not ■ Size Range:
available or product dilution is not 1.000" to 3.625"/24mm to 75mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
permissible. Standard Options
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
Design Features Tungsten Carbide
■ Reversible seal heads. B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
■ ANSI B73.1 and DIN 24960 pump-compliant. C Sleeve 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
D Gland Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Modular design. E Collar
■ Optimized pressure-balanced design. F Metal Bellows Alloy (20 CB-3 SS) Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Specific designs have been API 682 Qualification Tested. G O-rings Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
■ API 682 versions are compliant with the standard and supplied with qualified Cranelast Buna-N (Nitrile)
face mating pairs. H Gasket Glass-Filled PTFE —

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 160 

 Type 5625/5625P
Dual Metal Bellows Cartridge Seal Family

Markets/Applications
Chemical C
Petrochemical
H
Pharmaceutical
Pulp and Paper J
Power Generation F
Product Description Food and Beverage
The Universal Cartridge 5600 Series Ethanol
is a modular cartridge seal family that Wastewater B
includes interchangeable elastomer A
bellows, Sealol metal bellows, and Performance Capabilities
elastomer O-ring pusher seal designs.
■ Temperature:
The Type 5625 and 5625P dual seal
-20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 205°C I
arrangements incorporate the Sealol
edge-welded metal bellows seal head. ■ Pressure: G
Primary and mating ring reverse Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) max.
balance designs allow for ID or OD ■ Speed:
pressurization, which permits the seal Up to 5,000 fpm/25 m/s
to operate as a dual unpressurized or D
dual pressurized seal. Positive seal face ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
closing forces are maintained in an 0.005"/0.13mm FIM max. E
upset pressure reversal situation. ■ Runout/Out of Squareness:
OD pressurization of the outer seal 0.002"/0.05mm FIM max. Materials and Parts
avoids subjecting components to high
tensile stresses and achieves improved ■ Size Range: SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
cooling. On vertical installations, it allows 1.000" to 3.000"/24mm to 75mm Standard Options
venting of entrapped air. A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
Design Features Tungsten Carbide
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
■ Reversible seal heads.
C Sleeve 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
■ Tangential inlet and outlet pipe connections. D Gland Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ ANSI B73.1 and DIN 24960 pump-compliant. E Collar
■ Optimized pressure-balanced design. F Gland Adapter
G Sleeve Adapter
■ Screwless interlocking flat drive outer seal.
H O-rings Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
■ Chemical-resistant metal bellows secondary seal. Cranelast Buna-N (Nitrile)
■ Specific designs have been API 682 Qualification Tested. I Metal Bellows Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS) Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ API 682 versions are compliant with the standard and supplied with qualified J Gasket Glass-Filled PTFE —
face mating pairs.

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 161 

 Type 2874NE
Non-Contacting, Non-Elastomer, Metal Bellows, Outward Pumping, Dual Gas Seal

Markets/Applications
Hydrocarbons A
Aromatic Fractionation Products
Crude Oil Fractionation Products B
Chemicals C
Caustics, Some Acids D
Product Description Aqueous Solutions
The Type 2874NE is a non-contacting, Lubricating Liquids F
internally pressurized outward Heat Transfer Fluids
pumping dual welded metal bellows Cryogenic
cartridge seal that permits
reliable operation in high-temperature Performance Capabilities
services. 0.0 Fugitive Emissions for ■ Temperature: E
Maximum Achievable Control -100°F to 800°F/-75°C to 425°C
Technology (MACT) compliance
for sealing higher temperature,
■ Pressure:
volatile, or hazardous fluids. Vacuum to 230 psi(g)/16 bar(g)
barrier pressure (Consult pressure rating limit.)
For use in API 610 pump and larger
bore seal chambers. API 682 qualified. ■ Speed:
Elastomer-free seal handles a wide 1,450 rpm min/3,600 rpm max (for speeds
G
range of applications. Eliminates outside this range, contact John Crane Engineering.)
problems associated with coking ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
barrier fluids and fouled heat Sizes > 1.57"/40mm: +/-0.040"/1.02mm
exchangers. Sizes < 1.57"/40mm: +/-0.030"/0.76mm Materials and Parts
■ Runout/Out of Squareness: SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
0.002"/0.05mm FIM Max. Standard Options
■ Size Range: A Lower Inner Bellows Assembly Alloy 718 (UNS N07718) —
0.571" to 4.695"/20mm to 110mm
B Upper Inner Bellows Assembly
Design Features C Face/Primary Ring Sealide-C —
D Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
■ Centrifiugal advantage: process fluid at the OD of the bellows.
E Sleeve 316L SS (UNS S31603) —
■ Pressure balanced design withstands full reverse pressurization.
F Gland Plate 316 SS (UNS 31600) —
■ Static secondary seals have high-temperature capability and eliminate the cost of
expensive perfluoroelastomers.
G Outer Bellows Assembly Alloy 718 (UNS N07718) —
■ Sealol edge-welded metal bellows.
■ Dual mating ring arrangement meets API 682 design requirements.
■ Spiral groove technology for superior operating performance.

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 162 

 Type 285
Non-Contacting, Welded Metal Bellows Seal

Markets/Applications
Cryogenic Applications
Industrial Liquid Gases, Including: H
Oxygen B
Nitrogen
Argon G
Product Description
D
The Type 285 is a non-contacting, Performance Capabilities
welded metal bellows seal for A
cryogenic applications.
■ Temperature:
-320°F/-196°C to Ambient
Due to its design and materials of
construction, the Type 285 can safely ■ Pressure:
seal the most common industrial Up to 100 psi(g)/7 bar(g)
liquid gases. It fits the most popular ■ Speed:
cryogenic pumps: both site-based Up to 10,000 rpm
and road tanker pumps. F
■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
0.005"/0.13mm FIM max.
■ Shaft Runout: C
0.001"/0.025mm FIM max.
(per inch/mm of shaft diameter)
E
■ Size Range:
1.000" to 2.25"/25mm to 57mm Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features
Standard Options
■ Sealol edge-welded metal bellows. A Rotor/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide —
■ Floating stator. B Stator/Primary Ring Carbon —
■ No face wear under normal operating conditions. C Spring Energized Seal Virgin PTFE,
■ Compact design. Cobalt Chrome Alloy Spring —
■ Specially designed stationary bellows. D Anti-Spark Sleeve Tin Bronze —
■ Reduced power consumption. E Retaining Ring Nickel-Copper Alloy —
■ Meets liquid oxygen (LOX) safety standards. F Shims Copper Alloy —
■ Minimal product loss. G Metal Bellows Alloy 718 (UNS N07718) —
■ Anti-spark sleeve and retaining ring. H Housing 316L SS (UNS S31603) —
■ Also available as a cartridge seal.

 Seal Family D Table of Contents Index 163 

Seal Family E - PTFE Bellows Seals
Type 20/20R and Type 10T/10R
his family is identified by the use of a PTFE bellows as the secondary sealing element. This seal family is a non-pusher design, where the tail section of the bellows is held
T tightly to the shaft forming a static secondary seal. A fold or convolution portion of the PTFE bellows is attached to a seal face, which allows significant seal flexibility as
face wear occurs and during shaft deflections.
■ Type 20 and 20R seals are PTFE bellows seals where all process wetted seal
materials are chemically inert. Metal components; springs, and the clamp ring
are located outside the pump seal chamber, isolated from the process fluid.
Used for extremely corrosive chemicals, including acids, caustics, and chemically
active organic compounds.
The Type 20 seal has a PTFE resin-filled primary ring seal face that is an integral
part of the PTFE bellows, while the Type 20R seal has a replaceable primary ring
seal face, typically carbon.
 Seal Family E Table of Contents
■ Type 10T and 10R seals are designed to use PTFE bellows and are for external
mounting on extremely corrosive duties. The PTFE bellows eliminates sliding
contact with the equipment shaft or sleeve during operation. The outer end of
the seal bellows is clamped to the shaft or sleeve surface, and the bellows
convolutions extend to compensate for seal face wear. All surfaces contacting the
liquid being sealed are made of chemically inert materials. Metallic components
- springs and clamping ring - are located outside the pump stuffing box, isolated
from the process liquid.
The Type 10R seal face is replaceable and can be supplied in hard materials
making the seal suitable for abrasive applications. These seals incorporate visual
wear indicators which show the initial seal setting and the amount of face wear
while in service.
Index 164 
 Type 20/20R
PTFE Bellows Seal

Markets/Applications
Product Description
Types 20 and 20R shaft seals feature
chemically inert materials in all areas
and on all surfaces containing the
liquid being sealed.
For use with Extremely Corrosive
Chemicals, including Concentrated
Acids and Salts, Strong Oxidizing and
Reducing Agents, and Chemically
Active Organic Compounds.
Chemical Processing
Paint and Ink
Petrochemical Processing
Wastewater A
E

Metallic components; springs, and B

Performance Capabilities
the clamp ring are located outside D
the pump seal chamber, isolated from
■ Temperature:
the process liquid. Multiple springs -50°F to 250°F/-45°C to 121°C
are standard. A single spring design ■ Pressure:
is available. 150 psi(g)/10 bar(g)
■ Speed:
20 Up to 1,000 fpm/5 m/s F
20R Up to 2,600 fpm/13 m/s C
■ Size Range:
1.000" to 4.000"/25mm to 101mm
Materials and Parts
NOTE: Some restrictions apply in handling strong alkalis.
Consult John Crane Engineering for evaluation and analysis. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Standard Options
Design Features A Face/Primary Ring Resin-Impregnated Carbon Silicon Carbide
■ The entire seal assembly end component parts employ mechanical drive to B Bellows PTFE —
prevent slippage on the shaft or sleeve. C Disc 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
D Clamp ring Hastelloy B Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
E Cap Screws
F Springs

 Seal Family E Table of Contents Index 165 

 Type 10T/10R
PTFE Bellows Seal

Markets/Applications
For use with Extremely Corrosive
Chemicals, including Concentrated
Acids and Salts, Strong Oxidizing and
Reducing Agents, and Chemically
Active Organic Compounds. B
Product Description Chemical Processing
A
The Type 10T and the Type 10R seals Paint and Ink
are PTFE bellows seals and are Petrochemical Processing C
intended to be externally mounted Wastewater
for extremely corrosive services.
The bellows eliminates the sliding Performance Capabilities
contact of an O-ring or other
secondary sealing element with the
■ Temperature:
shaft. Both the Type 10T and the -50°F to 250°F/-45°C to 120°C
Type 10R use a bellows which is ■ Pressure:
clamped to the pump shaft or sleeve. Up to 185 psi(g)/13 bar(g)
Bellows convolutions extend to
provide closing force and compensate
■ Speed: E

for face wear. Up to 3,150 fpm/16 m/s

D
■ Size Range:
16mm to 75mm
Materials and Parts
Design Features
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Mechanical drive design prevents slippage on shaft or sleeve to eliminate galling
and premature wear. Standard Options
■ The Type 10R seal has a replaceable face insert so that different face materials A Face/Primary Ring Carbon —
can be used to handle a wide range of corrosive and abrasive liquids. B Seat/Mating Ring Aluminum Oxide Silicon Carbide
■ Flexible PTFE bellows design, maximum corrosion resistance. Eliminates the Ceramic
possibility of seal face misalignment. Compensates for shaft run-out to promote C Bellows PTFE Composite —
low maintenance, long-life operation. D Clamp Ring 316 SS —
E Gland Plate 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)

 Seal Family E Table of Contents Index 166 

Seal Family F - Vessel and Agitator Seals
Types 7800 Series, 7700, 32, 32GL, 32D, 32i, 5280 Series, CK 725, CK 726, CK 728, CK 736, and CK 738

■ Type 7800 Series universal vessel seal is a modular cartridge seal for use in ■ Type 5280 Series is the first choice for ultra-clean pharmaceutical and
a wide variety of mixing and agitating equipment, covering a broad application biochemical applications. These seals meet Qualified Hygienic Design (QHD)
range. The Type 7828G and Type 7828GD are heavy-duty, non-contacting, requirements to enable the cleaning and sterilization of the product with wetted
gas-lubricated dual pressurized seals designed for top-entry mixers. The surfaces in place. Different versions of the Type 5280 family are suitable for
Type 7848D and 7848W are dry-running and wet-running, heavy-duty cartridge different vessel materials: Type 5280 for steel, Type 5281 for glass-lined and
double seals. Type 5282 for special alloy vessels.
■ Type 7700 seals are premium heavy-duty, dual pressurized multi-coil spring, ■ Type CK 725, CK 726 and CK 736 vessel and agitator seals are dual cartridge
O-ring design dual cartridge assembly mixer seals. These seals are for use in units compliant with vessel seal standard DIN 28138 Parts 1 to 3. Type CK 725 and
a wide variety of mixing and agitating equipment in top-entering applications. Type CK 726 are designed for use on agitator vessels made of steel to DIN 28136,
A common rotating mating ring allows a high degree of radial runout. A radial to fit on a mounting flange to DIN 28141 and agitator shaft end dimensions to
bearing assembly option is also available. Able to be operated wet or dry. DIN 28154. A cartridge integrated radial bearing for optimal shaft alignment
distinguishes Type CK 726 from Type CK 725. Type CK 736 is designed for use
■ Type 32 seals are outside mounted, multi-coil spring, O-ring design single
on glass lined agitator vessels to DIN 28136, to fit on a mounting flange to DIN
mixer seals that can operate either wet or dry. Able to accommodate large shaft
28137-2 and agitator shaft end dimensions to DIN 28159.
run-outs. Typically used on top-entering mixers and agitators in pharmaceutical
reactor vessel applications. The dry-running single seal version does not need ■ Type CK 728 and CK 738 vessel and agitator seals are the high performance
external cooling, lubrication equipment or supply systems. DIN cartridge solutions for various industries including high purity
pharmaceutical applications. They are available in wet-lubricated, contacting
■ Type 32GL seals are variants of Type 32 seals designed to be fitted into
dry-running and non-contacting gas-lubricated versions. The special modular
glass-lined equipment by making all product wetted parts of non-metal
design ensures maximum application flexibility through interchangeable sealing
materials. Typically used on top-entering mixers and agitators with glass-lined
components. Type CK 728 is designed for steel vessel applications to DIN 28138
shafts in pharmaceutical reactor vessel applications. Dual pressurized seal
part 1 and 3 whereas Type CK 738 is designed for glass lined vessels to DIN
options are possible as well.
28138 part 2 and 3. Adaptations to non-DIN equipment are common.
■ Type 32D seals are variants of Type 32 which are only available as dry-running
single seals. They are designed to fulfill requirements of European Directive
94/9/EG (ATEX) for equipment intended for use in potentially explosive
atmospheres. Certificates of conformity are available on request.
■ Type 32i seals are dry-running, single seals variants of Type 32 incorporating
John Crane intelli-face™ technology for quiet operation. The Type 32i can be
applied to pharmaceutical or general chemical services, and is ideally suited
to indoor sites where equipment noise exceeds OSHA limits.

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 167 

 Type 7800 Series
7828G/7828GD/7848D/7848W Universal Vessel Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical
Pharmaceutical F
Food and Beverage D
Heavy-Duty Mixer H

Product Description Agitator K

Reactor C
The Universal Vessel Seal (7800
J
Series) is a modular cartridge seal
Performance Capabilities I
for use in a wide variety of mixing and A
agitating equipment and covering a ■ Temperature:
broad application range. The Type -40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 205°C B
7828G and Type 7828GD are heavy-
duty, non-contacting, gas-lubricated ■ Pressure: Vacuum to 210 psi(g)/
dual pressurized seals designed for 14.5 bar(g) barrier pressure
top-entry mixers. The Universal ■ Speed: 0 to 400 fpm/2m/s
Vessel Seal uses modular hardware G
that provides maximum ■ Axial Movement: 0.093"/2.36mm max.
interchangeability. Four combinations ■ Runout: 0.125"/3.18mm FIM max.
of seal face technology provide the
user with unmatched flexibility and ■ Size Range:
value. 1.000" to 5.000" E

Design Features Materials and Parts

■ Patented grooved rotor allows equal lift in the presence of up to 0.125"/3.18mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
shaft radial runout. Standard Options
■ Patented primary ring shape responds under pressure, further enhancing very low A Face/Primary Ring Carbon —
speed face separation and lift-off.
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide
■ Dual pressurized cartridge uses common springs, allowing for self-adjustment to C Sleeve 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
axial motion. D Gland Plate
■ Optimized drive minimizes seal face to seal cartridge hardware interaction, E Collar
eliminating low speed hang-up. F Inner Gland
■ Completely modular in design, the Universal Vessel Seal offers maximum G Springs
application flexibility. H O-ring Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer, EPDM
I Disc 316 SS —
J Retaining Sleeve
K Retaining Clip 304 or 300 SS —

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 168 

 Type 7700
Dry-Running/Wet-Running, Dual Pressurized, Opposed Top-Entering Cartridge Mixer Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical
Pharmaceutical
Food and Beverage I
Heavy-Duty Mixer G
Agitator H
Product Description Reactor
B
The heavy-duty Type 7700 is
A
design-specific to serve critically Performance Capabilities C
important vessels in batch or ■ Temperature:
continuous processes. It guards the D
Up to 450°F/232°C
batch from contamination, greatly
reduces leakage, and extends MTBR. ■ Pressure: E
For performance and durability, this Full vacuum to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)
dry-running or wet-running dual
pressurized, opposed cartridge seal
■ Speed:
is in a class of its own. Up to 400 fpm/2 m/s
■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
0.030"/0.76mm FIM max.
■ Shaft Runout: F
0.180"/4.57mm FIM max.
■ Size Range:
0.750" to 8.250"/25mm to 210mm Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features
Standard Options
■ Dual pressurized, opposed cartridge arrangement. A Face/Primary Ring Carbon (Dry-Running) Carbon
■ Tolerates high levels of shaft displacement, radial deflection, and eccentricity. Carbon (Wet-Running) (Dry-Running Food and Bev.)
■ Dry or wet operation. B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
■ Debris well option and adapter plate option. C Retainer 316 SS —
■ Radial bearing option. D Sleeve
E Collar
F Gland Plate
G Disc
H O-ring Fluoroelastomer Perfluoroelastomer
I Springs 316 SS —

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 169 

 Type 32
Elastomer O-ring Mixer Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical
Pharmaceutical
Mixers
Agitators
Reactor Vessels
Product Description
Type 32 seals are dry-running Performance Capabilities E
outside-mounted ID balanced seals
with the seal faces in contact. No
■ Temperature:
auxiliary equipment is required for -50°F to 300°F/-45°C to 150°C F
(depending on materials used)
lubrication. These seals are excellent D
for operation in vacuum conditions. ■ Pressure:
G
Seal design eliminates the need for Full vacuum to 225 psi(g)/15 bar(g)
liquid-lubricated dual pressurized ■ Speed: C
seals with ancillary equipment in Up to 400 fpm/2 m/s B
mixer applications. ■ Shaft Runout: A
Type 32 seals can be repaired in the 0.150"/3.81mm FIM max. I
field to minimize replacement costs, ■ Size Range:
downtime, and lost revenue. H
1.000" to 7.000"/25mm to 178mm

Design Features
■ “T” bar design, simple, rugged drive design that withstands constant movement Materials and Parts
and vibrations of mixer applications. The Type 32 has been designed to SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
accommodate shaft runouts up to 0.150"/3.81mm FIM max.
Standard Options
■ Clamped-in design prevents axial movement of mating ring. Mating ring is
available in tungsten carbide or ceramic.
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon
B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Hard Face Coatings
■ Debris well option isolates and captures face wear particles in gland cavity, Ceramic
preventing contamination of process liquid or gas. Pipe taps allow flushing during
cleaning cycle. C Retainer 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
D Disc Hastelloy B
E T-Bar
F Cap Screws
G Springs
H Set Screws
I O-ring Buna-N (Nitrile) Perfluoroelastomer
Fluoroelastomer
Cranelast
Neoprene

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 170 

 Type 32GL
Glass-Lined, Dry-Running Mixer Seal

Markets/Applications
Chemical
D
Pharmaceutical
Top-Entering Mixers I
Agitators
Reactor Vessels with Glass-Lined Shafts
Product Description G
Type 32GL exclusive John Crane Performance Capabilities
mixer seal in single and double ■ Temperature:
arrangements features a composite
Dual Seal:
sleeve to protect glass-lined shafts.
Up to 400°F/205°C H
For top-entering mixers, agitators Single Seal: B
and reactor vessels with glass-lined Up to 300°F/150°C
shafts. With Composite Sleeve:
Up to 250°F/121°C A
Damage to shafts is eliminated F
expensive glass coatings are protected ■ Pressure: C
and maintenance is reduced Up to 200 psi(g)/14 bar(g) E
dramatically. ■ Speed:
Thin cross-section components Up to 400 fpm/2.0 m/s
accommodate narrow cross-section ■ Axial Movement:
equipment where conventional
± 0.078"/2 mm
cartridge arrangements are difficult
to fit. Hydraulically balanced seals are ■ Shaft Runout: Materials and Parts
dry-running face contacting designs 0.062" TIR/1.57mm SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
that use the latest John Crane ■ Size Range: Standard Options
proprietary materials and finish 1.500" to 6.125"/38.1mm to 155.6mm
combinations.
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon —
B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide, Ceramic —
Design Features Tungsten Carbide
C Retainer 316 SS —
■ Sterilized seal - special composite materials provide exclusive plastic-to-glass D T-Bar
contact that is easy to clean and resistant to corrosion. Chemically inert materials E Disc
are important to biopharm applications, pharmaceuticals and food processes. F Spring
■ Dry-running capability - full contacting, dry-running capability is further enhanced by G Sleeve PEEK (Polyetheretherketone) Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
heat-dissipating design and self-lubricating faces developed by John Crane. This H Glass-Lining —
industry leading combination of thermal management and proprietary materials
provides consistent performance and very low face wear. A change to primary ring I O-rings Buna-N (Nitrile) Perfluoroelastomer
material allows the seal to run wet where liquid barrier is preferred. Fluoroelastomer, Cranelast
Neoprene

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 171 

 Type 32D
Dry-Running, Single Seal for Vessels, Mixers and Agitators

Markets/Applications
Pharmaceutical
Chemical Processing
Food and Beverage
Cosmetics
General Duty Mixing Applications
Product Description Explosive Atmospheres
Type 32D vessel seals are outside C
mounted balanced single seals with Performance Capabilities
self-lubricating seal faces. Neither a ■ Temperature:
cooling nor a lubrication supply system A
-40°F to 300°F/-40°C to 150°C
is required. Design and material
selection meets the needs of ■ Pressure:
pharmaceutical and chemical vacuum up to 87 psi(g)/6 bar(g) B
processing industries. The seals are
excellent for low duty mixing
■ Speed: D
applications and operation in vacuum Up to 400 fpm/2 m/s
conditions. The seal can be supplied as a ■ Size Range:
component seal or preassembled on a 25mm to 125mm
flange, optionally equipped with a debris
well. The seal is suitable for application
in potentially explosive atmospheres to
European Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX).
Design Features Materials and Parts
■ Single O-ring mixer seal for top-entry vessels. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Outside mounted balanced face material of special dry-running carbon. Standard Options
■ Reverse pressure design (high pressure and vacuum).
A Face/Mating Ring Dry-Running Carbon —
■ T-Bars for rugged drive and exact axial guidance.
B Seat/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Standard sizes from 25mm to 125mm shaft diameter.
C Retainer 316 SS —
D Optional (DIN) Flange 316 SS On request
■ Mechanical wear indication.
■ Suitable for application in explosive areas. Certificates of conformity according
to European Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX). Cat. 1, 2 and 3 available on request.
■ Can be supplied with or without fitting flange.
■ Standard design options:
– component seal
– component seal with standard flange (according to DIN)
– component seal with flange and debris well

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 172 

 Type 32i
Dry-Running, Outside Mounted, Single Seal for Mixers

Markets/Applications With

Pharmaceutical
Chemical Processing
General Duty Applications

Product Description Performance Capabilities A

■ Temperature:
Type 32i seals are dry-running, B
-50°F to 300°F/-45°C to 150°C
outside mounted, single seals for
top-entering mixers incorporating ■ Pressure:
John Crane intelli-face technology 225 psi(g)/15 bar(g)
for quiet operation. These seals are C
excellent for general duty applications
■ Speed:
on mixers, agitators, and reactors. Up to 400 fpm/2 m/s
The design is capable of handling ■ Size Range:
up to 0.150"/3.81mm TIR and is well 1.000" to 4.500"/25mm to 114mm
suited to vacuum or pressure.
D
The Type 32i can be applied to
pharmaceutical or general chemical
services, and is ideally suited to indoor E
sites where equipment noise exceeds
OSHA limits.
Design Features
Materials and Parts
■ For top entering mixers, agitators and reactor vessels.
■ Dry-running. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Featuring intelli-face technology - The Type 32i stress ring attenuates the Standard Options
generation of a vibration signal associated with dynamic face contact squealing. A Intelliface Stress Band Alloy 42 —
■ Proprietary low wear carbon face material. B Face/Primary Ring Dry-Running Carbon —
■ O-ring design, dual balanced. C T-Bar Drive 316 SS —
■ Type 32i can be equipped with a sanitary gland featuring NPT ports or welded D Spring 316 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
ferrules and certified materials. Electro-polished product contact hardware is optional. E Retainer 316 SS Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS)
■ Robust T-Bar drive. Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
Alloy 400
■ Field repairable.

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 173 

 Type 5280 Series
Type 5280/5281/5282 Hygienic Vessel, Mixer and Agitator Seals

Markets/Applications
Pharmaceutical H
Biochemical
Fine Chemical Processing
Mixers and Agitators
Filtration and Drying G
Product Description
The first choice for ultra-clean Performance Capabilities F
pharmaceutical and biochemical ■ Temperature:
applications, these seals meet C
-40°F to 392°F/-40°C to 200°C
Qualified Hygienic Design (QHD)
-148°F/-100°C (special design) B
requirements to enable easy cleaning
and sterilisation of wetted seal ■ Pressure:
surfaces. Different family types are vacuum to 87 psi(g)/6 bar(g) D
suitable for different vessel materials:
Type 5280 for steel, Type 5281 for
■ Speed:
glass-lined and Type 5282 for special Up to 400 fpm/2 m/s A

alloy vessels. Each type is available in ■ Size Range: I

liquid-lubricated (W), gas-lubricated 1.500" to 8.625"/40mm to 220mm E
(G), dry-running (D) and a unique J
gas/dry face combination (GD)
variants. Due to the rotating seat
design all types are applicable to top-
side and bottom-entry vessels. Materials and Parts
Design Features
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Dual cartridge seal designed according to hygienic design criteria (QHD) with inner Standard Options
rotating seat for optimal cleaning in place. Special designs and materials on request.
A Flange 316 SS On request
■ Squared PTFE-based secondary sealing’s for improve cleaning and application
B Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide —
range. Product wetted materials are compliant with FDA requirements. USP class
IV compliant polymers on request. C Seat /Mating Ring Special Carbon ADLC Silicon Carbide
■ Available in four variants of lubrication system: W: liquid-lubricated wet seal, D Retainer 316 SS —
D: dry-running contacting seal, G: gas-lubricated non-contacting seal, GD: E Sleeve
gas-lubricated non-contacting inboard, dry-running outboard.
F Housing
G Bearing Stainless Steel —
■ Suitable for application in explosive areas to to European Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX).
H Clamp Ring 430F SS —
■ Special bearing design for high performance of non-contacting gas seals.
I Type 5281 SiC Silicon Carbide —
■ G design advantages include in- and outboard non-contacting wear-free operation, Flange Insert
while GD designs combine inboard non-contacting operation with reduced barrier
gas consumption. J Special PTFE Seal PTFE/Elgiloy —

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 174 

 Type CK 725/CK 726
DIN Compact Units for Steel Vessels, Mixers and Agitators

Markets/Applications
Pharmaceutical
Chemical Processing
Mixers and Agitators
Mixers to DIN Standard
Explosive Atmospheres
Product Description
H
Type CK 725 and Type CK 726 vessel Performance Capabilities G
and agitator seals are dual cartridge
units compliant with vessel seal
■ Temperature:
standard DIN 28138 Parts 1 and 3. -40°F to 392°F/-40°C to 200°C
They are designed for use on top- ■ Pressure:
entry agitator vessels made of steel to 230 psi(g)/16 bar(g)
E
DIN 28136, to fit on a mounting flange
to DIN 28141 and agitator shaft end
■ Speed:
F
dimensions to DIN 28154. A cartridge up to 400 fpm/2 m/s
(dry-running: 300 fpm/1.5 m/s ) D
integrated bearing for optimal shaft
B
alignment distinguishes Type CK 726 ■ Size Range:
C
from Type CK 725. Both seal types 1.500" to 6.25"/40mm to 160 mm
operate wet or dry depending upon
carbon choice. All versions are A
suitable for operation in potentially
explosive atmospheres.
Materials and Parts
Design Features
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Dual cartridge seal to DIN 28138 for stainless steel vessels. Standard Options
■ Fits mounting flange to DIN 28141 and shaft end dimensions to DIN 28154. A DIN Flange 316 SS On request
■ Back-to-back seal arrangement with unbalanced faces. B Face/Primary Ring Carbon Dry-Running Carbon
■ Liquid-lubricated or dry-running (D) face versions available. C Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Inner seal reverse pressure capability. D Retainer 316 SS On request
■ Type CK 725 without radial bearing. E Sleeve
■ Type CK 726 cartridge incorporates a radial bearing. F Housing Stainless Steel —
G Type CK 726 Bearing
■ Non-standard sizes can be supplied by modifying the sleeve bore.
H Clamp Ring 430F SS —
■ Debris well and cooling flange options available.
■ Suitable for application in explosive areas. Certificates of conformity according to
European Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX). Cat. 1, 2 and 3 available on request.

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 175 

 Type CK 728
DIN Compact Units for Steel Vessels, Mixers and Agitators

Markets/Applications
Pharmaceutical
Chemical Processing H
Fine Chemical Processing
Heavy Duty Mixers
Mixers to DIN Standard G
Product Description Explosive Atmospheres
The versatile Type CK 728 vessel
seal range is the high performance Performance Capabilities
DIN cartridge solution for various F
■ Temperature:
industries including high purity
-40°F to 392°F/-40°C to 200°C
pharmaceutical applications. They are E
available in wet-lubricated, contacting ■ Pressure:
dry-running and non-contacting 362 psi(g)/25 bar(g) D
gas-lubricated versions. The special
modular design ensures maximum
■ Speed:
B
application flexibility through Up to 400 fpm/2 m/s
interchangeable sealing components. ■ Size Range:
The cartridge design is standardized 1.500" to 8.625"/40mm to 220mm C
to fit on top-entry, steel agitator
vessels to DIN 28138 part 1 and 3. A
Modifications to fit all kind of non
standardized equipment are possible
as well. Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Dual cartridge seal with balanced faces to DIN 28138 for steel vessels. Standard Options
■ Fits mounting flange to DIN 28141 and shaft end dimensions to DIN 28154. A DIN Flange 316 SS available on request
■ Debris well and cooling flange options available. B Face/Primary Ring Carbon Dry-Running Carbon
ADLC Silicon Carbide
■ Special bearing design for high performance of non-contacting gas seals.
C Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Special PTFE-based secondary sealing elements support a broad chemical and
temperature application range. D Retainer 316 SS available on request
E Sleeve
■ Special carbon materials allow operation with dry barrier gas.
F Housing 316 SS —
■ Suitable for application in potentially explosive areas to European Directive
94/9/EC (ATEX).
G Bearing Steel —
H Clamp Ring 430F SS —
■ G design advantages include in- and outboard non-contacting wear-free
operation, while GD designs combine inner seal non-contacting operation with
reduced barrier gas consumption.

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 176 

 Type CK 736
DIN Compact Units for Glass Lined Vessels, Mixers and Agitators

Markets/Applications
Pharmaceutical
Chemical Processing
Glass-Lined Vessels and Shafts I
Mixers and Agitators
Mixers to DIN Standard
Product Description Explosive Atmospheres
Type CK 736 vessel and agitator H
seals are dual cartridge units with Performance Capabilities
G
an integrated bearing, compliant with ■ Temperature:
vessel seal standard DIN 28138 Parts E
-40°F to 392°F/-40°C to 200°C
2 and 3. They are designed for use D
on glass lined agitator vessels to ■ Pressure:
F
DIN 28136, to fit on a mounting flange Vessel pressure:
to DIN 28137-2 and agitator shaft vacuum to 235 psi(g)/16 bar(g) C
end dimensions to DIN 28159. All Barrier pressure: J
product wetted parts are nonmetal maximum to 260 psi(g)/18 bar(g)
K
materials. Type CK 736 operates ■ Speed: B
wet or dry-running depending upon
up to 400 fpm/2 m/s
carbon choice. All versions are A
dry-running: 300 fpm/0.5 m/s
suitable for operation in potentially
explosive atmospheres. Type CK 736 ■ Size Range:
shares standardized components with 1.500" to 4.875"/40mm to 125mm
Types CK 725 and CK 726. Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features Standard Options
■ Dual cartridge seal to DIN 28138 for glass lined vessels. A DIN Flange Glass-Lined Steel —
■ Fits mounting flange to DIN 28137-2 and shaft end dimensions to DIN 28159. B Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
■ Back-to-back seal arrangement with unbalanced faces. C Face/Primary Ring Carbon Dry-Running Carbon
■ Liquid-lubricated or dry-running (D) versions available. D Retainer 316 SS —
■ Inner seal reverse pressure capability
E Sleeve
F Front Sleeve Ceramic —
■ Integrated radial bearing for optimal running precision.
G Housing 316 SS —
■ Product wetted components made of non metal materials.
H Bearing Steel —
■ Suitable for application in explosive areas. Certificates of conformity according to
European Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX). Cat. 1, 2 and 3 available on request. I Clamp Ring 430F SS —
J Gasket PTFE —
K Flange Adaptor 316 SS —

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 177 

 Type CK 738
DIN Compact Units for Glass Lined Vessels, Mixers and Agitators

Markets/Applications
Pharmaceutical
Chemical Processing
I
Glass-Lined Vessels and Shafts
Heavy Duty Mixer
Mixers to DIN Standard
Product Description Explosive Atmospheres H

The versatile Type CK 738 vessel seal

range is the high performance DIN Performance Capabilities
cartridge solution for glass lined G
■ Temperature:
vessels. These seals are available in
-40°F to 392°F/-40°C to 200°C E
wet-lubricated, contacting dry-running
and non-contacting gas-lubricated ■ Pressure: D
models. The special modular design 362 psi(g)/25 bar(g) F
ensures maximum application ■ Speed:
flexibility through interchangeable B
Up to 400 fpm/2 m/s
sealing components. The cartridge
J
design is standardized to fit on top- ■ Size Range:
entry, glass lined agitator vessels to 1.500" to 8.625"/40mm to 220mm C
DIN 28138 part 2 and 3 Modifications A
to fit non-standardized equipment are
possible. All versions are suitable for
operation in potentially explosive
atmospheres. Materials and Parts
SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
Design Features Standard Options
■ Dual cartridge seal with balanced faces to DIN 28138 for glass lined vessels. A DIN Flange Glass-Lined —
■ Fits mounting flange to DIN 28137-2 and shaft end dimensions to DIN 28159. B Face/Primary Ring Carbon Dry-Running Carbon
■ Special bearing design for high performance of non-contacting gas seals. ADLC Silicon Carbide
■ Special PTFE-based secondary sealing elements support a broad chemical and C Seat/Mating Ring Silicon Carbide —
temperature application range. D Retainer 316 SS —
E Sleeve
■ Special carbon materials allow operation with dry barrier gas.
F Front Sleeve Ceramic —
■ Suitable for application in potentially explosive areas to European Directive
94/9/EC (ATEX). G Housing Stainless Steel 316 SS
■ G design advantages include in- and outboard non-contacting wear-free H Bearing Steel —
operation, while GD designs combine inner seal non-contacting operation with I Clamp Ring 430F SS —
reduced barrier gas consumption. J Gasket PTFE —

 Seal Family F Table of Contents Index 178 

Seal Family G - Turbomachinery Seals
Types 28AT/28XP/28EXP, 28VL, 28ST, 83 and 93FR

piral grooves are the enabling technology in this family of John Crane seals. The spirals are micro–machined into either the rotating or the stationary face. The grooves work
S in the presence of process gases or barrier gases at the interface of the rotating and stationary seal faces. A small amount of gas is compressed and sheered by the grooves
to create a lifting force, separating the seal faces and resulting in contact-free operation. John Crane pioneered the use of spiral grooves to produce non-contacting seals in the
late 1960s, and the company holds many patents for special geometry and groove relationships. These patented features create technologically superior products.

John Crane’s gas-lubricated, non-contacting seals are designated with a “28” in their Separation Seals
product names. The Type 28AT, 28XP, 28EXP, and 28ST are seals intended for use in
John Crane separation seals form part of the total sealing system. They provide the
high speed and extremely high-value rotating equipment. The similar naming implies
essential protection against migration of bearing oil into the gas seal cartridge as
that the products and core technology are closely related.
well as process gas from entering the bearing.
■ Type 28AT is available in single, double opposed, and tandem seal arrangements. ■ Type 83 Using more recent contacting technology, the Type 83 has built on the
The seals are intended to separate process gas from the bearing cavity on high
original Type 82 design it replaces. A sequence of enhancements provides the
speed centrifugal compressors. The tandem Type 28XP and 28EXP also separate
lowest consumption rates for separation gas together with the resilience to cope
the bearing cavity from process gas, but do so at much higher pressures and
with a variety of seal environments.
temperatures. Prior to John Crane’s development of this technology, these high
speed, high performance compressors were sealed with inefficient labyrinth seals, ■ Type 93FR Using proven non-contacting technology combined with design
carbon bushings, and liquid-lubricated double seals. Speeds and pressures on innovations, the Type 93FR shows leading performance in its category,
conventional contacting seal faces required seal lubrication systems that rivaled together with the flexibility to be used with both pressure and flow control
the complexity of the primary machine. John Crane’s development and of separation gas.
commercialization of gas seals has revolutionized the operation and maintenance
of gas compression equipment and gas transmission.
■ In the case of the Type 28ST (Steam Turbine), the gas being contained is steam.
Steam presents a variety of challenges that the Type 28ST has addressed through
innovative spiral groove characteristics as well as patented secondary sealing
strategies.
■ Type 28VL (Vaporizing Liquid) is a gas seal intended for very low vapor
pressure liquids. The Type 28VL uses the heat energy created by the spiral
grooves to vaporize a small amount of the liquefied process. This process gas is
used by spiral grooves as lubrication enables lift-off while eliminating the need
for liquid lubrication and the expense and complexity of face contacting seals.

 Seal Family G Table of Contents Index 179 

 Type 28AT/28XP/28EXP
Dry-Running, Non-Contacting Gas Seals

Markets/Applications Type 28EXP and 83 Isometric

Gas Compressors
Gas Collection and Transmission
Refining
Chemical A
Petrochemical D
Product Description B
Type 28 compressor dry-running gas Performance Capabilities E
seals have been the industry standard ■ Temperature:
since the early 1970's for gas-handling
-220°F to 600°F/-140°C to 315°C
turbomachinery. Utilizing John Crane’s
patented spiral groove pattern, these ■ Pressure:
seals are non-contacting in operation. Up to 6500 psi(g)/450 bar(g)
During dynamic operation, the across single stage
mating ring/seat and primary ■ Speed: G
ring/face maintain a sealing gap Up to 660 fps/200 m/s
of approximately 0.0002"/5 microns, C
thereby eliminating wear. ■ Size Range:
1.000" to 13.750"/25mm to 350mm H
These seals eliminate seal oil
F
contamination and reduce For alternative conditions, consult John Crane Engineering.
maintenance costs and downtime.
Single, tandem, and double seal Materials and Parts
arrangements are available. Contact SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
John Crane Engineering for specific
application requirements. Standard Options
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
Design Features B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
Coatings on Ductile Substrates
■ Shrouded mating ring prevents secondary damage in the event of a C Retainer NACE Compliant 410 SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
mating ring fracture. D Carrier Alloy B-2
■ Low-level leakage can be vented to a safe area, used as fuel to drive equipment, E Sleeve Assembly Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS), Monel
or returned to process via a low-pressure ejector. F Retainer Inconel X-750, 316 SS
■ Non-contacting, spiral groove face. G Secondary Seal Fluoroelastomer Nitrile, Silicone
Fluorosilicone, TFE Propylene
■ Bi-directional face patterns available. Perfluoroelastomer, Neoprene
Cranelast
Spring-Energized Polymers
H Springs Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS), Alloy B-2
Monel, Inconel X-750, 316 SS

 Seal Family G Table of Contents Index 180 

 Type 28VL
Non-Contacting, Vaporizing Liquid Seal

Markets/Applications
For use on pumps where process fluid
is at or near its point of vaporization D
B
Performance Capabilities A
Product Description ■ Temperature: E
Utilizing proven spiral groove Up to -40°F to 400°F/-40°C to 204°C
technology, the Type 28VL harnesses ■ Pressure:
the rotational energy of the pump Up to 3625 psi(g)/250 bar(g) per seal face
shaft to vaporize the process fluid at
a controlled rate, creating a stable gas ■ Speed:
film that lubricates the seal faces. Up to 590 fps/180 m/s
Typical problems, such as dry-running ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
wear, vapor lock in the seal chamber, ±0.125"/3.175mm FIM max. C
and “face popping” (which can lead
to catastrophic failure of conventional
■ Runout/Out of Squareness: G
wet seals), are eliminated by the 0.002"/0.051mm FIM max.
Type 28VL non-contacting face ■ Size Range: H
technology. 1.1875" to 11.00"/44.45mm to 279.4mm F
For alternative conditions, consult John Crane Engineering.

Materials and Parts

Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Extended wear life. Standard Options
■ Outstanding reliability. A Face/Primary Ring Carbon Silicon Carbide
■ Reduced power consumption. B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide Silicon Carbide
Coatings on Ductile Substrates
■ Zero process contamination.
C Retainer NACE Compliant 410 SS 316 SS
■ Reduced emissions. D Disc
■ Single or tandem seal arrangement available (tandem shown). E Sleeve Assembly
F Gland
■ Non-contacting spiral groove face.
G Secondary Seal Fluoroelastomer Nitrile, Silicone, Fluorosilicone,
TFE Propylene, Perfluoroelastomer,
Neoprene, Cranelast
Spring-Energized Polymers
H Springs Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276) Alloy 20 (20 CB-3 SS), Alloy B-2
Monel, Inconel X-750, 316 SS

 Seal Family G Table of Contents Index 181 

 Type 28ST
Non-Contacting, Steam Turbine Gas Seal

Markets/Applications
Steam Turbines

A
Performance Capabilities
E
■ Temperature:
Product Description Up to 750°F/400°C F
Type 28ST combines proven ■ Pressure:
rotating groove technology and Up to 400 psi(g)/27.6 bar(g) B
high-temperature secondary seals
to reduce steam leakage by nearly ■ Speed:
two orders of magnitude, as compared Up to 400 fps/122 m/s max.
to traditional sealing devices, such as ■ End Play/Axial Float Allowance:
segmented carbon rings and ±0.125"/3.175mm FIM max.
labyrinths.
■ Size Range:
This steam-lubricated, end-face
1.000" to 6.500"
cartridge seal reacts instantaneously C
and automatically to maintain a safe ■ For Optimum Seal Performance:
D
face gap despite sudden changes in Steam should have 83°F/28°C to
operating conditions. 133°F/56°C of superheat at inlet
A stable seal face gap, typically conditions.
0.0001" to 0.0002"/0.0025mm to ■ For Optimum Seal Life:
0.0051mm, is the result of specially Following a combination of NEMA
designed rotating grooves, which Materials and Parts
Standard SM 24-1991 and EPRI
pump steam radially inward into a guidelines for steam is strongly SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
non-grooved portion of the seal recommended. Consult John Crane Standard Options
known as the “sealing dam.” Engineering for recommended steam
purity limits.
A Face/Primary Ring Carbon —
B Seat/Mating Ring Tungsten Carbide —
Design Features Coatings on Ductile Substrates
■ Bearing oil steam contamination dramatically reduced. C Secondary Seals Carbon/Inconel —
■ Increased safety (reduced noise levels and hazards associated with leaking steam). Flexible Graphite
■ Standard designs to fit most single-stage turbines. D Hardware NACE Compliant 410 SS —
■ Turbine operational efficiency maintained for years.
E Springs Inconel X-750 —
■ Support equipment eliminated.
F Fasteners Zinc-Coated Hardened Steel —
■ Bi-directional face patterns available.
■ Non-contacting spiral groove face.

 Seal Family G Table of Contents Index 182 

 Type 83
Barrier Seal

Markets/Applications
Compressors
Agitators
Blowers
EE
Fans
D
Product Description C
Performance Capabilities A
The Type 83 is a dual-segmented
carbon bushing assembly designed
■ Temperature:
to prevent the migration of bearing -20°F to 400°F/-30°C to 200°C
oil to the dry gas seal cartridge. ■ Pressure:
Normally applied as a double 3 to 15 psi(g)/0.2 to 1.0 bar(g)
arrangement with an inert buffer gas. ■ Speed:
When used in conjunction with the Up to 430 fps/130 m/s
Type 28 dry-running gas seal, it
provides a total sealing system that
■ Size Range:
ensures separation of bearing oil 1.500" to 15.000"/40mm to 375mm B
and process gas in compressors. with sleeve to fit all metric or F
imperial shaft sizes
For alternative conditions, consult John Crane Engineering.

Design Features
■ Low buffer gas consumption. Materials and Parts
■ Low wear for longer life and improved reliability. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Cartridge design for easy installation. Standard Options
■ Universal design independent of shaft rotation. A Bushing Segments Carbon —
■ Unique carbon bushing segment design with self-adjusting hydropads. B Axial Spring 17-7PH SS —
■ Incorporates biased flow path to further reduce the risk of bearing oil migration. C Radial Springs 18-8 SS —
■ Specially designed joint between the carbon bushing segments to minimize D Housing Assembly NACE Compliant 410 SS —
buffer consumption and bearing oil migration. E Clamp Plate Assembly
■ Unique axial spring design accommodates shaft excursions. F Secondary Fluoroelastomer —
Sealing Elements

 Seal Family G Table of Contents Index 183 

 Type 93FR
Floating Ring Separation Seal

Markets/Applications
Compressors A
Agitators
Blowers B
Fans C
D
Product Description
Performance Capabilities EE
The Type 93FR is a non-contacting
carbon bushing designed to protect
■ Temperature: F
dry-running gas seals from bearing -40°F to 450 °F/-40°C to 230 °C
G
oil ingress. ■ Pressure:
Segments are specifically designed to 0.75 to 1.5 psi(g)/0.05 to 0.1 bar(g)
prevent oil migration. Separation gas ■ Speed:
(normally nitrogen or air) is injected Up to 430fps/130 m/s
between the two segmented bushings
effectively creating a pressure barrier ■ Size Range:
between the bearing and dry gas 1.500" to 15.000"/40mm to 375mm
lubricated seal cavity. Advanced with sleeve to fit all metric or
materials and design eliminate wear imperial shaft sizes
under normal running, promoting For alternative conditions, consult John Crane Engineering.
long service life.

Design Features
Materials and Parts
■ Non-contacting for longer life and improved reliability; low heat generation.
■ Runs at low operating pressure differential enabling low gas consumption. SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Specially designed segments further minimize gas consumption. Standard Options
■ Universal design, independent of shaft rotation. A Housing Assembly NACE Compliant 410 SS —
B Retainer
■ Will retrofit many traditional carbon bushing rings. C Clamp Plate Assembly
■ Suitable for running with nitrogen separation gas irrespective of dew point. D Garter Spring Stainless Steel —
■ Self-centering design minimizes wear even during upset conditions. E Anti-rotation Pin
F Bushing Segment Carbon —
G Sleeve NACE Compliant 410 SS —

 Seal Family G Table of Contents Index 184 

Seal Family H - Other Seals
Type 5840

his family is identified typically by the use of non-traditional secondary sealing technology.
T The Type 5840 utilizes a specially vulcanized spring element as a stationary secondary seal.

■ Type 5840 is a cartridge seal design, suitable for abrasive slurry duties and
capable of operating without a quench. A modular construction incorporates a
cone spring which avoids clogging and eliminates the dynamic O-ring and risk
of hang-up.

 Seal Family H Table of Contents Index 185 

 Type 5840
Heavy-Duty, Slurry Cartridge Seal

Markets/Applications
Water and Wastewater
Pulp and Paper
Power Generation
B
Chemical
Steel Production A
Product Description General Industrial
C
Type 5840 is a cartridge seal design, Minerals Processing:
suitable for abrasive slurry duties Alumina, Copper, Uranium, D
and capable of operating without Coal Washing, Lead, Gold
E
a quench. A modular construction
incorporates a cone spring which Performance Capabilities F
avoids clogging and eliminates the G
dynamic O-ring and risk of hang-up.
■ Temperature:
Seal faces are silicon or tungsten Up to 167°F/75°C without quench H
carbide and identical. Adaptive Up to 248°F/120°C with quench
I
hardware is alloyed stainless steel ■ Pressure:
or high chrome iron to provide both Up to 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g)/2100 kPa max J
excellent corrosion and abrasive
resistance of wetted components.
■ Speed:
A quench seal option is available to Up to 3,000 fpm/15 m/s
improve service life. ■ Size Range:
1.37" to 8.66"/35mm to 220mm
Materials and Parts
Design Features SEAL COMPONENTS MATERIALS
■ Robust cartridge arrangement, with six (6) group sizes. Standard Options
■ Modular construction for reduced inventory and ease of reconditioning. A Face/Primary Ring Silicon Carbide Tungsten Carbide (to 5.715"/135mm)
■ Hydraulically balanced design with interchangeable seal faces. B Seat/Mating Ring
■ Abrasion resistant seal faces in silicon or tungsten carbide.
C Quench seal Duplex SS Alloy C-276 (UNS N10276)
■ Non-clogging cone spring eliminates dynamic O-rings. 316 SS
■ TFE/P standard elastomers. D V-ring 316 SS CD4MCu Duplex SS
■ No flush is required. E U-cup 316 SS —
■ Anti-rotation pin with O-ring. F Sleeve
G Drive disc
H Spiral retaining ring
I Gland plate Duplex SS (wrought)
J Drive collar 316 SS —

 Seal Family H Table of Contents Index 186 

Mating Rings/Seats
For all seal units other than cartridge seals, the selection of a seal type requires
the further selection of a compatible mating ring (or seat) and a secondary seal
ring. This introduction includes a brief description of the different mating ring
designs, typical materials of construction and basic temperature limits.
Standard or preferred mating rings can be manufactured from many suitable seal
face materials but are normally silicon carbide or tungsten carbide with alumina
(ceramic) and Ni-Resist used in certain seal designs. Some mating rings may
only be available in specific materials and the ratings listed are for silicon or
tungsten carbide materials.
Specific mating ring designs are utilized in specialty designs and cartridges to
suit a particular need such as slurry sealing or seals designed to meet specific
industry standards. Material selection requires certain attributes including
mechanical and thermal stability, chemical compatibility and good tribological
performance properties. It is usual to select the secondary seal material for
the mating ring similar to that of the seal unit secondary seal. The operating
temperature limit of any style mating ring will be dependent upon the mating
ring secondary seal material selection. Refer to the General Temperature Limits
for Elastomers and Face Materials on page 19.
Mating Ring Installation
Generally, the mating ring is fitted into a recess in the pump housing or the gland
plate of the seal unit. The gland plate is bolted to and seals against the pump
housing. Good gland plate design is essential for proper mating ring performance
and ultimately good seal performance. Gland plate design must be in accordance
with current engineering standards. Gland plate design will include flush and
quench porting arrangements which are critical to seal cooling and efficient
performance.
Certain mating rings are designed for use with an anti-rotation pin to prevent
slipping of the mating ring in the housing or gland bore. Mating ring design,
secondary seal material and operating conditions must be evaluated to determine
if an anti-rotation pin is required.
It is important to note that the mating ring size does not necessarily match up with
the seal unit size. Generally for unbalanced seals (no shaft step) the seal unit size
and mating ring size will correspond. When balanced seals are utilized the mating
ring size will be smaller to accommodate the stepped down seal face. For standard
cartridge seals the normal size convention is to specify the mating ring size
consistent with the seal/shaft size.
 Table of Contents
Standard Mating Ring Designs
■ O-ring ■ Floating
■ Square Cross-Section/ ■ Inverted “L”
Chamfered Square Cross-Section ■ 48V
■ Clamped-In ■ HTL
■ Cup-Mounted
O-ring and Square Cross-Section Mating Rings
(e.g. Types D, H, PF, PG, W, & WM)
O-ring and square cross-section mating rings use
an O-ring for the secondary seal. These styles cover
a wide range of applications making them well
suited to general service applications. The O-ring
style contains the O-ring in a groove in the ring
while the square cross section requires an O-ring
groove in the housing. It is standard practice for
these mating ring styles to utilize a pin for
O-ring Style
anti-rotation. Square cross-section mating rings
are recommend for higher pressure applications
due to their superior mechanical and thermal
stability and enhanced heat transfer performance.
O-ring mating rings are recommended for
pressures up to 600 psi(g)/41.4 bar(g). The pressure
range for square cross-section mating rings is
1200 psi(g)/82.75 bar(g). With the utilization of a
glass-filled PTFE anti-extrusion ring, pressures
may be increased over 1200 psi(g)/82.75 bar(g). Square Cross-Section Style
A popular variation of the Square Cross-Section
style is the Chamfered Square Section (type PH)
which is designed to minimize the radial space
between the primary ring O.D. and the Mating
Ring face. This design eliminates formation of
vapor pockets which may occur with volatile
liquids and is used with the John Crane
Distributed Flush gland design.
Chamfered Square Cross-Section Style
Index 187 
Mating Rings/Seats
Standard Mating Ring Designs (continued)
Clamped–In Mating Rings (e.g. Types V & VG)
Clamped-in designs provide a wide temperature,
pressure and chemical resistance range. These mating
rings are commonly used with outside mounted seals
like the Type 10 and Type 20 seals and on mixers where
the ring is mounted to the equipment flange. Distortion
can be an issue if not installed properly. The pressure
limit is 750 psi(g)/53 bar(g) with a PTFE gasket, and
1200 psi(g)/83 bar(g) with a spiral wound gasket. Clamped-In Style
Floating (“L” pinned) Mating Rings (e.g. Types A, BD, BO, L & 248X)
Floating type mating rings cover a wide range of
applications. They are extensively used with an
O-ring secondary seal and are especially suitable
for applications requiring the excellent corrosion
resistance of PTFE or the high temperature capabilities
of exfoliated graphite (Crane-foil). A pin is normally
required when using these mating ring secondary seal
materials. “L” shaped O-ring mating rings avoid the
need for a groove in the housing and allow easy, push fit Floating “L” Pinned Style
installation. As the mating ring does not come into direct
contact with the metallic housing, it is also especially suited for those installations
where the flatness of the housing cannot be guaranteed. Floating mating ring styles
are used for seal specific mating rings across a wide range of products. The pressure
range is typically up to 550 psi(g)/38 bar(g) though some designs are suitable up to
1015 psi(g)/70 bar(g).
Cup-Mounted Mating Ring (e.g. Types N & NG)
The cup-mounted mating ring is a low cost design used
primarily on high volume, low duty applications. It is a simple
ring with an “L” shaped elastomer cup fitted to the outside
diameter; the assembly is pushed or set into the pump
housing bore. The elastomer ring friction fit provides the
necessary drive to prevent rotation during operation. This
style mating ring does not have direct contact with the Cup-Mounted Style
housing, only the cup which tends to insulate heat, therefore
cup mounted designs are not recommended for high temperature applications.
It is generally recommended for use in applications with temperatures less than
225°F/105°C. The pressure range is up to 200 psi(g)/14 bar(g).
 Table of Contents
Inverted “L” RP Mating Ring (e.g. Types RB)
For special dual seal applications where the process
seal must accommodate a pressure reversal
condition, the inverted “L” design has been adopted.
This design is API 682 qualified and used extensively
on dual pressurized seal arrangements. It uses
an O-ring secondary seal, which is positioned to
hydraulically balance the mating forces with the
seal unit hydraulic forces to retain the mating ring Inverted “L” RP Style
in position in event of a pressure reversal situation.
The pressure limit is 830 psi(g)/57 bar(g).
48V Mating Ring
The 48V mating ring is designed for use for seals
where the mating ring is rotating. The mating ring
is pressure balanced, which allows product pressure
on the back side of the mating ring, thereby reducing
the contact force between the mating ring and the
sleeve support surface. The O-ring on the inside
diameter of the mating ring centers the ring over
the sleeve and a hole or slot in the sleeve prevents
pressure build-up between the two O-rings. The
pressure and temperature limits are 3000 psi(g)/ 48V Style
207 bar(g) and 500°F/260°C.
HTL Mating Ring
The HTL mating ring utilizes a specially shaped
mating ring, compression ring and Z-Spring to
“live-load” the secondary flexible graphite packing
and to control any radial and axial forces that may be
imparted to the mating ring. By using components
with similar coefficients of thermal expansion the
HTL mating ring minimizes and/or eliminates face
distortion. There are no forces transferred from
the gland to the mating ring thereby ensuring face
stability and face flatness. This design also has
dual pressure capability to operate with I.D. or O.D.
pressure. The pressure limit is 500 psi(g)/35 bar(g) HTL Style
and temperatures up to 800°F/425°C.
Index 188 
Seal Support Systems
General Industrial Products

Key Seal Support System Product Groups

■ General Industrial Products ■ Heat Exchangers
Predominantly water based general applications, these products are generally Heat exchangers are generally applicable across all market sectors
lighter duty and design is not determined by stringent refining standards
■ Process Industry Products
Products suitable for application to process industry applications such as Oil &
Gas Production/Refining and Petrochemical, generally designed to operate at
higher pressures and temperatures

GR-1 GR-2 GR-3

The GR-1/1C is a value egineered general duty reservoir The GR-2/2C is a high duty reservoir based system. The GR-3/3C is a high duty reservoir based system
based system. Replaces: with flat reservoir head construction.
Replaces: ■ EMEA CPI 200 and 300 Replaces:
■ Lemco™ RE-1603 ■ Lemco™ RE-1618
■
EMEA system 100
■
Lemco™ 1203 and 1205 Key Features: Key Features:
■ Stainless steel pressure ■ Pressure reservoir with flat heads
Key Features:
■ Stainless steel pressure reservoir
reservoir ■ GR-3 without internal cooling coil

■ GR-2 without internal cooling coil
■ GR-1 without internal cooling coil
■ GR-2C with internal cooling coil
■ GR-1C with internal cooling coil
■ Maximum pressure: 435 psi(g)/
■ Maximum pressure: 236 psi(g)/
30 bar(g) at Maximum temperature: 212°F/100°C
16.3 bar(g) at Maximum temperature: 212°F/100°C
■ Welding in accordance with ASME VIII
■ ½" NPT seal connections
(welders qualified to ASME IX)
■ Reservoir capacity: 2.2 US gallon/8 litre nominal
■ ½" reservoir terminations
■ CE mark in accordance with Pressure Equipment
■ Reservoir capacity: 2 US gallon/7.7 litre nominal
Directive (PED) 97/23/CE provided to countries within
■ CE mark in accordance with Pressure Equipment
the European Community
Directive (PED) 97/23/CE provided to countries within
Applications: the European Community
■ Automotive
Applications:
■ Chemical Processing ■ Automotive
■ Power Generation ■ Chemical Processing
■ Pharmaceutical ■ Power Generation
■ Pulp and Paper ■ Pharmaceutical
■ GR-3C with internal cooling coil
■ Available in carbon or stainless steel
■ Welding per ASME VIII and welders qualified
as per IX
■ For carbon steel: Max pressure: 902 psi(g)/
62 bar(g) at maximum temperature: 212°F/100°C
■ For stainless steel: Max pressure: 1,055 psi(g)/
73 bar(g) at maximum temperature: 212°F/100°C
■ ½" reservoir terminations
■ Reservoir capacity: 3 US gallon/11.3 litre
nominal OR 5 US gallon/18.9 litre.
■ CE mark in accordance with Pressure Equipment
Directive (PED) 97/23/CE provided to countries within
the European Community
Applications:
■ Automotive ■ Pharmaceutical

■ Pulp and Paper ■ Chemical Processing ■ Pulp and Paper

■ Water Treatment
■ Water Treatment ■ Petrochemical ■ Water Treatment

■ Power Generation

 Table of Contents Index 189 

Seal Support Systems
General Industrial Products (continued)

Wireless 3in1 Vessel Level/Temperature and Pressure Monitoring System
(Optional for GR-1/1C and GR-2/2C only)
The John Crane wireless 3in1 Vessel Monitoring System is the first purpose built
real-time monitoring system that enables each individual seal support system to
be monitored from a control room or office. To maximize the life of a mechanical
seal, the barrier fluid needs to be maintained within set parameters to provide
the seal with a stable operating environment. Monitoring the barrier fluid
seal support system vessel for pressure, temperature and level in real-time
provides early indication of problems. This information can be used to
prevent damage and subsequent seal failure, leading to improved pump
availability and reduced maintenance costs. The system is robust, quick
and easy to install. The system outputs are wireless, and provide remote
monitoring and alarming, measuring key parameters in real-time.
Key Features:
■ System gives an early indication of potential failures
General Industry Gas Panels - GP-S/GP-D
The GP-S and D are general industry gas panels to
support gas-lubricated dual pressurized seals. The
GP range comprises an acrylic flowmeter not suitable
for API applications and ¼" tubing.
Replaces:
■ Lemco LLCP
Key Features:
■ Coalescing filter – ensures dry, clean gas to seals
■ Adjustable regulator – accurate gas pressure supplied
to seals; leakage is minimized
■ Visual flow indicators – monitors gas consumption
■ Check valve – prevents reverse flow and process contamination

■ Continuous real-time monitoring and recording of panel components and supply

■ Reduces time required by operators to conduct routine monitoring tasks Applications:
■ Reduced cost of installation compared to hardwired systems ■ Chemical Processing
■ Robust and secure industrial communication system
■ Pharmaceutical
■ Long battery life of up to 5 years
■ Gas Processing
■ System is easily expanded through addition of nodes
■ Pulp and Paper
■ Regular, automated and detailed records of operation
■ Paint and Coatings
Benefits:
■ Rubber and Plastics
■ Facilitates preventative maintenance for increased process uptime and reliability

■ Improves understanding of seal operating conditions and shortens time periods

taken for diagnostics

■ Cost effective, enabling solution

■ Reduced project costs

■ Low risk wireless solution

■ Minimised maintenance requirement

■ Allows plant-wide implementation

■ Low capital cost to expand the system

■ Accuracy over traditional watchkeeping records

■ Proof of monitoring for compliance purposes

■ Enables effective root cause analysis (RCA)

■ Reduced health & safety risks to employees

■ Reduced risk of fugitive emissions to the environment

 Table of Contents Index 190 

Seal Support Systems
Heat Exchangers

A wide range of heat exchangers are available when heat needs to be removed, either to support an API Plan 21 or 23 application or as part of a packaged system. Selection
of a suitable heat exchanger depends on the required heat removal capacity and available utilities. All heat exchangers are suitable for process industry application.
For information on Air Finned Coolers, please contact you local John Crane representative.

ABC: Air Cooled, Finned Tube (motor driven air blast) WCH/WCV: Water Cooled Shell and Tube
Air blast coolers are applied where water is not available and a high heat John Crane’s range of water coolers are available
dissipation capacity is required. An electrical supply is required. for vertical or horizontal mounting.
Key Features: Key Features:
■ Commonly applied to API duties ■ Commonly applied to API duties
■ 5/8" O.D. x 0.065" wall continuous coil for reduced pressure drop ■ Carbon steel heads, shell and all welded
■ Rated to 3770 psi(g) at 212°F/260 bar(g) at 100°C. components on cooling water side
■ Standard NEMA or IEC frame motor, top-mounted for ease of installation
■ 316/L stainless steel cooling coil
and maintenance ■ Full venting and draining capability (WCH)
■ Motor may be rotated in 90° increments for ease of installation. ■ No internal welding
■ Three sizes available: ■ CE mark in accordance with Pressure Equipment Directive
19 sq. ft/1.8 m2 cooling area (PED) 97/23/CE provided to countries within the
European Community
29 sq. ft/2.7 m2 cooling area
U-Stamp Options:
39 sq. ft/3.6 m2 cooling area WCH: ASME U stamp
WCV: ASME U/UM stamp
WCV Water
refer to product manager
Cooler
■ Optional coil lengths available

WCH Water
Cooler

 Table of Contents Index 191 

Seal Support Systems
Heat Exchangers (continued)

K2S: Pipe in Pipe - Water Cooled

The K2S pipe in pipe cooler has a very high efficiency and is often selected when low pressure drop and high heat exchange capability has to be provided. Although not an
API cooler (non inspectable design), coil can be chemically cleaned and is mostly applied on API duties.
Key Features:
■ High efficiency/low pressure drop water heat exchanger
■ Full 316/L stainless steel pipes
■ Full venting and draining capability
■ CE mark in accordance with Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) 97/23/CE provided to countries within the European Community
■ Can be manufactured in optional materials

 Table of Contents Index 192 

Seal Support Systems
Process Industry Products

Process Industry products are designed for applications that are potentially more arduous in Refinery, Petrochemical, Chemical Processing and Pipeline Industry sectors.
These systems are designed in accordance with the latest edition of API and may be designed and manufactured to meet many regional legislation and design specification
requirements.

PR 52-S/PR 52-A (for API Plan 52)

The PR 52 seal support system uses an external reservoir to provide buffer fluid Disadvantages:
for the outer seal of an unpressurised dual seal arrangement. Normally applied ■ Process fluid mixes with the buffer fluid at the inner seal interface and will
when process fluid leakage to atmosphere must be minimized/contained and the contaminate the buffer fluid over time and the selection of buffer fluid must be
process fluid is suitable to lubricate the inner seal. It may also be applied where
done with care.
the process fluid solidifies in contact with atmosphere, or where additional inner
seal cooling is required. The inner seal normally has its own flush plan (typically ■ If the process fluid has a low vapor pressure margin, heat generated at the
11/52) outer seal can further reduce this margin resulting in the inner seal running on
Advantages: partial or full vapor.
■ In comparison with a single seal arrangement, a dual unpressurized seal can ■ Venting is essential to avoid vapor locking if gas collects near the pumping ring.
provide reduced net leakage rates as well as redundancy in the event of primary General:
seal failure. ■ A cooling coil is standard in the
■ Unpressurized buffer fluid should not contaminate the process stream and reservoir to remove heat from the
serves as a contained quench for the inner process seal. buffer fluid, ensuring ideal running
■ Heat transfer to the buffer fluid may increase the pressure rating of a dual conditions for both seals.
unpressurized seal and a single seal.

 Table of Contents Index 193 

Seal Support Systems
Process Industry Products (continued)
PR 53A-S / PR 53A-A (for API Plan 53A)
The PR 53A seal support system uses an external reservoir to provide barrier fluid
for a pressurized dual seal arrangement. Barrier fluid in the reservoir is pressurized
by a gas, usually nitrogen (to a typical pressure margin of 25 psi(g)/1.7 bar(g)
above the maximum seal chamber pressure) and flow is induced by a pumping
ring or circulating pump.
Normally applied when no leakage of process fluid to atmosphere can be tolerated.
May also be applied where the process fluid is unsuitable for lubrication of the
inner seal or the pump is expected to run dry.
Advantages:
■ Reservoir size can be optimized dependent on flow rate. Wear particles settle at
the bottom of the reservoir and do not get recirculated.
■ Least complex of “53 type” systems and less complex/expensive than a API Plan
54 system.
■ In the event of process contamination, the contamination is limited to a single
installation.
■ Both inner and outer seals are lubricated by the barrier fluid making API Plan
53A suitable for dirty, abrasive or polymerizing applications.
 Table of Contents
Disadvantages:
■ More complex/expensive than a single seal.
■ A small amount of barrier fluid will always leak into the process.
■ Heat dissipation capacity is limited to the cooling reservoir cooling coils unlike
API Plan 53B and API Plan 53C which have separate cooler circuits with
potentially higher capacity.
■ Venting of the seal chamber is essential to avoid vapor locking if gas collects
near the pumping ring.
■ Barrier fluid is subject to gas entrainment at pressures/temperatures above
300 psi(g)/250ºF/ 21 bar(g)/120ºC. While ANSI/API 682 suggests a limit of
150 psi(g)/10 bar(g) to avoid this, properly selected barrier fluids can be used
to the 300 psi(g)/21 bar(g) limit.
General:
■ Heat is dissipated through a cooling coil in the reservoir.
■ The standard product for API Plan 52 and API Plan 53A application is available
in 2 vessel sizes (6"/3 US gallon and 8"/5 US gallon) depending on the pump
shaft size, with or without bottom flange (API 682 G36 bottom flange design is
designated by A for alternative) switches optional.
Replaces:
■ EMEA std API 682
■ LEMCO RE-682
Key features:
■ Designed in accordance with API Plan 682 4th edition
■ 316 stainless steel reservoir, designed to ASME VIII
div.1, nominal capacity 3 US gallon/12 litre and
5 US gallon/20 litre
■ Configured for pressure transmitter or optional switch
■ Alternative reservoir configurations (e.g. with bottom
removable head, as per API Plan fig. G36)
■ Can be provided with U-Stamp and full compliance with Pressure Equipment
Directive 97/23/CE
Index 194 
Seal Support Systems
Process Industry Products (continued)

PA 53B-NOC/AFC/FAC/ABC/WC (for API Plan 53B)

The PR 53B is for API Plan 53B, which is a bladder type accumulator and can be Disadvantages:
supplied with optional cooler types and accumulator sizes and materials. Where ■ The volume of barrier fluid in the closed loop is limited and therefore gets
barrier fluid cooling is required, a heat exchanger is selected and packaged with
the system. thermally cycled on a frequent basis, so the service life of the fluid is reduced.
Normally applied when no leakage of process fluid to atmosphere can be tolerated.
■ The actual usable volume of the accumulator requires a designed pressure
May also be applied where the process fluid is unsuitable for lubrication of the operating range between refills that must be built into the pressure rating
inner seal or the pump is expected to run dry. of the seals. API 682 recommends the use of a floating alarm strategy to
maximize the accumulator working liquid volume (which is affected by ambient
temperature variation).
General:
■ The bladder accumulator isolates the pressurizing gas from the barrier fluid to
prevent gas entrainment. The heat exchanger can be water or air cooled, based
TI
on the system heat load.
Replaces:
■ EMEA std API 682 API Plan 53B
■ LEMCO API Plan 53B
Key features:
■ Designed in accordance with API 682
■ Flanged seal connections
Advantages:
■ Configured for pressure transmitter
■ Pressurized gas is contained in the bladder of the accumulator. The barrier fluid or switch
is not subject to gas entrainment as with a API Plan 53A.
■ Optional cooler types (water or air)
■ Should the barrier fluid loop become contaminated, the contamination is
contained within the closed circuit.
■ Optional accumulator sizes
■ A make-up system can be used to supply barrier fluid to multiple dual/
■ Accumulator body in Chrome
pressurized seal support systems. Molybdenum steel, 316/L stainless
steel option available
■ API Plan 53B system can incorporate an external heat exchanger that can be
sized according to the application.
■ Optional bladder materials
■ Can be provided with ASME
U-Stamp and full compliance with
Pressure Equipment Directive
97/23/CE

 Table of Contents Index 195 

Seal Support Systems
Process Industry Products (continued)

PA 53C (for API Plan 53C) Refilling Units RU-2/RU-4

Description: API Plan 53C uses a piston accumulator to provide pressure to the system.
It uses a reference line from the seal chamber to provide a constant pressure differential
over the chamber’s pressure. A water or air-cooled heat exchanger provides for barrier
fluid cooling. Flow is induced by a pumping ring.
Advantages:
Refilling units are available in two capacities and are designed to safely refill or
top-up pressurised systems without the need to de-pressurize. An automatic
make-up unit may be provided as an alternative to a mobile refilling unit
Key features:
■ 4 wheel configuration with 50 US gallon/

■ Provides a tracking system to maintain barrier pressure 200 litre tank

above seal chamber pressure. ■ 2 wheel configuration with 10 US gallon/

■ Eliminates N requirements. 40 litre tank

2
General: ■ Hand pump up to 1500 psi(g)/100 bar(g)

■ The heat exchanger can be water cooled, finned ■ Tank in stainless steel
TI

tubing or an air-cooled unit based upon the ■ Flexible hose

system heat load. The reference line to the
accumulator must be tolerant of process
contamination without plugging.
PL 54 (for API Plan 54 and 55)
PL 54 systems are available for varying flow and pressure requirements. Two variants Advantages:
are included in API 682: API Plan 54 for flushing seals at a pressure higher than ■ Can provide pressurized flow to multiple seal installations to reduce costs.

the stuffing box and API Plan 55 for flushing seals at a pressure lower than the
stuffing box. System configuration is exactly the same.
API Plan 54 system is often used where the process is very hot, contaminated with
solids, or an internal flow inducer is unable to provide sufficient flowrate.
■ API Plan 54 positively eliminates fugitive emissions to atmosphere.
■ Has very good lubricating and cooling capacity that can result in extended MTBPM.
■ Is not constrained by N gas ingress into the barrier fluid as with API Plan 53A.
2

API Plan 55 system is similar in design and is normally used when process fluid Disadvantages:
leakage to atmosphere must be minimized. It is also used in applications where ■ System can be costly compared with other seal support system designs

the process fluid may solidify on contact with atmosphere or where additional heat depending on configuration.
removal from the inner seal is required. ■ System is normally dependant on a separate pumping system that relies on a

Key features: continuous electricity supply and can result in seal failure if power is lost.
■ 304 stainless steel tank designed to supply ■ When used to supply multiple seal installations, failure of one seal can affect

clean controlled barrier fluid to dual pressurized others unless precautions are taken to isolate the failed seal.
mechanical seal installations ■ Contamination of the buffer fluid over time must be considered when applying
■ Standard NEMA or IEC frame motor, top-mounted
API Plan 55.
for ease of installation and maintenance
General:
■ Pump material selected to suit barrier fluid
■ API Plan 54 systems can be custom engineered to suit application requirements.
■ Available for Low or High Flow, Low or High Pressure, Oil or Water
Systems can range from direct connection from other process streams to complex
API 614 systems.

 Table of Contents Index 196 

Seal Support Systems
Process Industry Products (continued)

PD 65 Leakage Detector (for API Plan 65A and 65B) PD 75 Leakage Detector (for API Plan 75)
PD 65 is designed for liquid leakage detection for single seals and is available in PD 75 is a condensate leakage collection system used to monitor primary seal
two versions: API Plan 65A detects seal failure by excessive flowrate into the performance where a dry-running containment seal is applied and the process
system, while API Plan 65B detects seal failure by cumulative leakage into the fluid will condense at lower temperature or is always in a liquid state. PD 75
system. Both utilize a level transmitter with local indicator on a reservoir to provides a collection system for liquid and gas, monitoring both level and pressure.
activate an alarm when excess leakage is detected. Advantages:
Normally applied in single seal applications where leakage is expected to be ■ The collection reservoir contains a pressure transmitter with local indicator to
mostly liquid, not gas.
indicate a build up in pressure from excessive primary seal leakage or failure.
Advantages:
■ Lower initial cost compared with liquid dual unpressurized seals using API Plan
■ Provides an alarmed indication of
52 and 55.
excessive seal leakage, without manual
inspection, that can initiate equipment ■ Lower maintenance requirements and associated costs compared with liquid
shutdown if necessary. dual unpressurized seals utilizing reservoirs (API Plan 52 and 55).
Disadvantages: Disadvantages:
■ Cost of the system. ■ The secondary containment seal may not be capable of running for extended
■ Leakage levels need to be relatively periods in the event of inner seal failure and depends on the operating conditions.
high to initiate an alarm. ■ The secondary containment seal can become clogged with debris if the inner
General: seal leakage is a heavy fluid that can carbonize or crystallize on contact with
■ The system includes a loop to bypass the orifice (API Plan 65A) or the isolation atmosphere. This can be mitigated by applying API Plan 72 and a bushing that
valve (API Plan 65B) to prevent high pressure on the atmospheric side of the directs fluid away from the seal faces.
seal. The gland throttle bushing design should be in line with the fluid ■ 100% of inner seal leakage will not always go to the disposal system and can
properties. The system shall be installed below the seal chamber, allowing leak past the secondary containment seal faces to atmosphere.
leakage to flow into the reservoir.
General:
Replaces:
■ PD 75 can be used in conjunction with a gas purge
■ EMEA standard model from API Plan 72. Typically, a contacting containment
Key features: seal is
By-pass lineused with this plan.
■ Designed in accordance with API 682 Key Features:
Level transmitter
with local indicator
■ 316 stainless steel reservoir, designed to ASME ■ Designed in accordance with API 682
5 valve manifold
VIII div.1 ■ Carbon steel (optional 316 stainless steel) slip on
■ Configured for level transmitter or switch cover girth flange vessel, designed to ASME VIII, div.1
(either ultrasonic or float type) ■ Configured for pressure transmitter or switch
■ Can be provided with ASME U-Stamp and Can be provided with ASME U-Stamp and full compliance
API Plan 65BLeakage reservoir
■
full compliance with Pressure Equipment API Plan 65A
Orifice withPressure Equipment Directive 97/23/CE
Directive 97/23/CE API 65B: Isolation Valve vs Orifice

 Table of Contents Index 197 

To liquid collection system
Seal Support Systems
Process Industry Products (continued)
PD 76 API Plan 76 Gas Leakage Detector
PD 76 is a leakage collection system used to divert vapor only leakage to flare and
monitor primary seal performance where the containment seal is dry-running.
Applied to vapor only leakage from unpressurized dual seals that utilize a dry
containment seal.
Advantages:
■ Lower initial and ongoing maintenance costs than dual
unpressurized seals using a API Plan 52.
■ Lower initial cost compared with liquid dual unpressurized
seals using API Plan 52 and 55.
■ Lower maintenance requirements and associated costs
compared with liquid dual unpressurized seals utilizing
reservoirs (API Plan 52 and 55).
Disadvantages:
■ The secondary containment seal may not be capable of
running for extended periods in the event of inner seal failure and depends on the
operating conditions.
■ The secondary containment seal can become clogged with debris if the inner
seal leakage is a heavy fluid that can carbonize or crystallize on contact with
atmosphere. This can be mitigated by applying API Plan 72 and a bushing that
directs fluid away from the seal faces.
■ Should inner seal leakage condense and accumulate in the seal chamber, the
containment seal will generate more heat that can potentially cause carbonization
of the product and shorten seal life.
■ 100% of inner seal leakage will not always go to the disposal system and can
leak past the secondary containment seal faces to atmosphere.
General:
■ PD 76 can be used in conjunction with a gas purge from PG 72. Can be used
with contacting or non-contacting containment seals.
Replaces:
■ EMEA std API 682 API Plan 76
■ LEMCO LLCP-682-076
Key Features:
■ Gas leakage detector with piping and connections in stainless steel
■ Pressure gauge, 100mm diameter, stainless steel 316 wetted parts, blow out disc
■ High pressure alarm, configured for pressure transmitter or switch
■ Special machined manifold block provides a compact design
 Table of Contents
PG 72 and PG 74 Gas Supply Panel
This panel is configured to supply external buffer gas to either a containment seal
cavity (API Plan 72) or to dual gas-lubricated seals (API Plan 74).
For PG 72, the panel is supplied with an external low
pressure buffer gas (normally nitrogen), regulated by a
control panel for injection into the containment seal cavity.
An important design point is that the gas purge is
introduced close
to the seal faces, whereas the vent and drain are
away from the seal faces.
Advantages:
■ Introduction of a buffer gas such as nitrogen reduces fugitive emissions, prevents
icing on cold applications and provides some cooling to the containment seal.
■ Protects the outer containment seal.
■ Introduction of N keeps the outer seal chamber cooler. This is an advantage
2
where the process fluid has a low vapor pressure margin.
■ Temporary loss of N should not affect the performance of the containment seal.
2
■ Lower maintenance and operating costs than a API Plan 52 or 55 system.
Disadvantages:
■ Temporary loss of N can result in a temporary increase in fugitive emissions.
2
■ Contacting containment seals operate best with the moisture from process
vapor leakage. A dry N2 purge reduces the moisture content and may reduce
the operating life of the containment seal.
General:
■ PG 72 is normally used in conjunction with plan PD 75 for primary seal leakage
that is condensing or with PD 76 for non-condensing leakage.
Replaces:
■ EMEA std API 682 API Plan 72 and 74
■
LLCP-682-072 and 074
Key Features:
■ Gas supply panel with stainless steel tubing and compression fittings
■ Coalescing filter - ensures dry, clean gas to seals
■ Adjustable regulator – accurate gas pressure supplied to seals; leakage is
minimized
■ Visual flow transmitter with Indicator-monitors gas consumption
■ Check valve – prevents process contamination of panel components and supply gas
Index 198 
Seal Support Systems
Gas Seal Systems

Gas Seal Systems Integrated System for Maximum Reliability

Expertise in the design, production and installation of gas seals is complemented The modular design of John Crane’s gas seal support system allows the
by the ability to provide a comprehensive range of gas seal support, monitoring and appropriate modules to be selected for both the standard system and gas
control systems, which are at the heart of any reliable sealing solution. conditioning unit, providing maximum compressor reliability and performance
A standard INOVIT™ gas seal support system comprises of: during normal and transient conditions.
■ Primary seal gas supply Experience has shown that it is essential to design and build the gas seal and
support system with knowledge and consideration of the full operating parameters.
■ Primary seal leakage
Design of the gas seal and support system together has major benefits and allows
■ Secondary seal buffer gas supply
proper management of the seal environment to achieve and maintain a high level
■ Secondary seal leakage of reliability. Ultimately, the best results can be achieved by obtaining the gas seal
■ Separation gas supply and associated support system from the same source.
■ Integrated, Innovative, Intelligent, Gas Control, Conditioning and

Monitoring Systems
Gas Heating ■ A complete solution for gas seal support, under all operating conditions

A heater unit may be included in the GCU when required to keep the seal gas in one integrated unit
above its dewpoint. API recommends a minimum margin of 68°F/20°C, yet in ■ An innovation in gas seal support systems
practice the figure is often ignored. Typically this leads to liquid formation in
the seal and a dramatic reduction in seal operating life.

 Table of Contents Index 199 

Seal Support Systems
Gas Conditioning Units

Dependent on the process and operating conditions, Gas Conditioning Unit (GCU)
modules can be added to the standard INOVIT® system to provide an integrated
system that will fully protect the gas seals. Each system incorporates appropriate
design modules to provide maximum compressor reliability and performance
during normal and transient conditions. These systems also comply with relevant
safety and environment standards.
For potentially dirty gas duties, or applications where the seals are operating close
to the gas dewpoint, an INOVIT® GCU can be fitted. A GCU provides enhanced liquid
separation and filtration, and will provide a much higher level of reliability in these
conditions. Given the high cost of downtime, a GCU can be easily justified.
Pressurized static shutdown of the compressor is a typical process condition that
can potentially lead to gas seal contamination. Without the heat generated through
rotation, static leakage through the seal causes cooling and subsequent liquid
dropout. Field experience has shown that this is a major cause of seal related
downtime and increased repair costs. Under these conditions, a seal gas booster
unit can be fitted to the GCU providing a small flow of warm gas to the seal.
Gas conditioning modules typically include:
■ Seal gas booster to provide clean gas flow during
shutdown and start up conditions
■ Knock-out filter to separate
Gas Booster
A significant proportion of seal contamination occurs when a compressor is
stationary under settle out conditions. A booster included in the GCU provides a
flow of clean dry gas to the seals even when the compressor is under pressurized
standby conditions.
A flow of gas warms the seal, counteracting the cooling effect of seal leakage
whilst maintaining a suitable margin over the conditions at which liquids can occur.
A positive flow of gas at adequate velocity purges any unfiltered gas from the
compressor casing away from the seal, directing it under the inboard labyrinth
during stand by/settle-out conditions.
When using gas to provide the motive force to the booster is not considered
practical (for example in some offshore or remote installations), an electro-
hydraulic drive pack may be supplied. A flameproof electric motor and inverter
drive control unit varies the speed of the hydraulic pump to regulate the seal gas
booster discharge rate.
By eliminating a major source of contamination, seal performance data has shown
that the seal life can be significantly extended, minimizing production risk whilst
reducing cost of ownership (maintenance/repair costs).

liquids from the seal gas supply Specialist Filtration and Liquid Separation
■ Heater module to ensure
Effective filtration is one of the most important elements of reliable system design.
adequate seal gas temperature Incorrectly sized or specified filters will cause contamination and rapid degradation
is maintained of the gas seal.
■ Control module to monitor seal
Unlike many filters designed with welded or cast bodies, the Indufil® design is
environment and conditions, based on a forged, bolted construction, maximizing design and manufacturing
initiate booster operation flexibility. Indufil products are fully compliant with API-610, 614 and 618, and in
and communicate with the addition to supplying compressor seal gas filters, Indufil products are fitted as
Distributed Control System standard across a full range of turbomachinery, including gas turbines, steam
(DCS) turbines and gear boxes.
■ A nitrogen supply module
Where a high level of liquid contamination is expected in the gas stream, a liquid
can also be included to separator or knock-out pot can be fitted. These units typically combine gravitational
ensure the seals are and centrifugal effects to separate out the liquid and gas streams. A demister pad
purged when no other may also be included to maximize liquid removal.
suitable gas is available

 Table of Contents Index 200 

Seal Support Systems
Safeunit™ and Safeunit Ultima™

Product Description
■ Complete monitoring and control solution for seals and seal water systems. A
■ Installing the Safeunit seal water system will ensure trouble-free operation of
™

process machinery in all conditions and achieve the maximum life cycle profit B
of your investment. Adjusting the seal water flow and pressure with Safeunit will C
create the best possible operating environment for seals and maximize the D
efficiency.
E
■ Safeunit Ultima™ is specially designed to control seal water flow and pressure.
F
This increases the reliability of seals used in pumps and process machinery
B
while reducing seal water consumption up to 80%. It is designed for use in harsh A
operating environments where high temperature, high pressure and chemically C
aggressive elements are present. This makes it ideal for extreme applications
E D
found in pulp, paper and chemical industry processes, plus a wide variety of Safeunit Type SFD
mining and general industrial uses. F

G
Design Features Markets/Applications
■ User friendly, compact unit. For use with all sealing methods,
■ Controls and monitors seal water including packing Safeunit Ultima™
flow and pressure. All process industries Type SUD for dual pressurized mechanical seals
■ Predicts seal and packing failures. Performance Capabilities
■ Reduces and pre-determines Safeunit™:
maximum seal water consumption. ■ Temperature:
Materials and Parts
■ Can be cleaned with equipment Up to 140°F/60°C COMPONENTS
running. Alarm will not go off with A Pressure Gauge with
the new and improved push-clean ■ Pressure:
Memory Pin
button. Up to 360 psi(g)/25 bar(g)
B Flow Rate Indicator
■ Simplifies pump setup and service. Type SUP for packing or
C Flow Memory Pin Indicator
Safeunit Ultima™: single flush seals
■ Detects and locates seal water-line ■ Temperature: D Push-Clean Button
problems.
Up to 212°F/100°C E Flow Regulating Valve
■ Flow indicator and pressure gauge F Pressure Regulating Valve
with memory pin. ■ Pressure
(for dual pressurized seal applications)
Up to 360 psi(g)/25 bar(g)
■ Unique non-clogging valves. Special version: G Flow Alarm Option
Up to 870 psi(g)/60 bar(g) Type SUQ for non
■ Available with optional electrical
alarms. pressurized quench seals

 Table of Contents Index 201 

Seal Support Systems
SmartFlow and Filtering Systems

SmartFlow - Intelligent Water Control System Safeclean

There is a growing demand for reducing seal The Safeclean seal water filter system removes
water usage and seal-related costs. impurities and particles providing clean seal
Environmental issues and standards should also water for stuffing boxes and mechanical seals.
be brought into consideration. John Crane is The system cleans seal water so efficiently that
able to supply an innovative device for seal water residual particles or impurities will not cause
control. This intelligent system uses seal water seal malfunction or unnecessary wear. It also
only when the mechanical seal truly requires reduces organic matter such as humus.
cooling. The system saves up to 97% of seal
water compared to flow meter regulated
control systems.
Performance Capabilities
■ Temperature:
Up to 350°F/180°C Safefilter - In-line Water Filter Unit
■ Pressure: The Safematic® Safefilter filtering unit is designed to filter poor quality mill water
Min: 43.5 psi(g)/3 bar(g) that services mechanical seals in applications which are very important for the
Max: 230 psi(g)/16 bar(g) process.
The filtration is rated at 50 µm (absolute). This rating is the
SafeJet - Compact In-line Water Filter standard requirement of most mechanical seal manufacturer’s.
Optional filter cartridges are available providing filter ratings of
■ SafeJet is an automatic seal water filter. Its operation is based on 75 µm/0.0029 inch or 25 µm/0.00098 inch.
“flow through” filter technology which utilizes the laminar filtering
method. This method uses several slotted screen elements and due to This filtering system contains two filters. This make it possible to
this, SafeJet is a solid, self-cleaning micro filter. The SafeJet body and replace the filter cartridges during normal operation, without
the filter element materials are stainless steel AISI 304. shutting down. Both filters have two cartridges, which ensures
longer operation without maintenance. Differential pressure
■ This system is also available in all AISI 316 materials. Filtering between the inlet and outlet Safefilter part is monitored by two
elements arecapable to removing solid particles larger than 50 µm. pressure gauges. The higher the pressure difference gets, the
dirtier are the filters. When the pressure difference gets over
Performance Capabilities 28 psi(g)/2 bar(g), it is time to replace the filters.
Both filters have a built-in, automatic by-pass valve. This valve
Filter Model Capacity l/min Connection Size Number/Elements
will open when the pressure difference exceeds 35 psi(g)/
SafeJet 16 160 DN 50 2 2.5 bar(g). This will prevent the possibile flow reduction to the
mechanical seals. It is highly recommended that a Safeunit,
SafeJet 23 230 DN 65 2
seal water flowmeter, is used in conjuction with the Safefilter-
SafeJet 33 230 DN 80 3 filtering system. The Safeunit can be supplied with an optional,
inductive low flow alarm.
SafeJet 50 500 DN 100 3

 Table of Contents Index 202 

Packing and PTFE Products
Mechanical Packings have been critical to the operation of pumps, valves, and
similar rotating equipment since the turn of the century. From then until now,
John Crane mechanical packings have and are still being used in a variety of
industries for a number of abrasive, chemical, high temperature, high pressure
services.
Since the inception of John Crane in 1917, mechanical packing has been an
important part of the product portfolio. Over the years, we have pioneered the use
Rite-Pak® Packing Quick Select Guide
of innovative manufacturing processes, materials of construction, and braiding
General Service
styles to produce superior packing for the most challenging of applications.
Non-abrasive, water, oil, mild acids &
Designed for quality and engineered for performance, John Crane packings serve a alkalies. Mid-range pH.
broad spectrum of applications. They have set industry standards for dependability ■ Temperature: up to 500°F/260°C
in hostile environments of all types—High temperature, high pressures, caustic and ■ Style Selections: 1335, 1340
corrosive concentrates, acids and gases.
Abrasive Service
Abrasives (wet or dry), waste water, salt
water, acids, mid-range caustics.
■ Temperature: up to 500°F/260°C
■ Style Selections: 1345, 1993, C1064,
K1730
Chemical Service
PTFE based packings, dry or lubricated.
pH 0 to 14.
■ Temperature: up to 550°F/288°C
■ Style Selections: C1045, C1050,
C1065, C1070
Food Service
FDA compliant PTFE. pH 0 to 14.
■ Temperature.: up to 500°F/260°C
■ Style Selections: C1056
High Temperature Chemical Service
Chemical resistant carbon and graphite
packings. pH 0 to 14.
■ Temperature: up to 1200°F/650°C
■ Style Selections: 1625G, 1627,
G57, G58
 Table of Contents Index
High Temperature & Pressure Service
Nickel foil and aluminum foil packings
for high pressure. pH 2 to 12.
■ Temperature: up to 1800°F/982°C
■ Style Selections: 100AL, 1600N,
400HP
Valve Service
Steam, high pressure, emission
control, general service and live
load packing.
■ Temperature: from ambient to
5432°F/2970°C
■ Style Selections: 387I, G58I,
Crane-foil, C1051VS, CVH/CVU
Lubrication Components
Virgin or filled PTFE lantern ring strip
stock, various cross sections, 4 ft. lengths.
pH 0 to 14.
■ Temperature: up to 500°F/260°C
■ Style Selections: TFE Lantern
Ring Strip, Machined Lantern Ring
Universal Gasketing
Expanded virgin PTFE multi-purpose
gasket tape. pH 0 to 14.
■ Temperature: up to 550°F/288°C
■ Style Selections: C1051 Joint Sealant
203 
Power Transmission Couplings
Metastream® Couplings, Powerstream® Couplings and Alignment Tooling

Products
High performance power transmission
couplings offer unsurpassed support
to the energy, process and pipeline
industries. The unique flexible
element provides superior
performance in the most demanding
applications.
Metastream flexible stainless steel
disc couplings set the industry
standard for non-lubricated couplings
in demanding API 610/671
applications. The scalloped disc
element design offers the most flexible
solution for high torque and
misalignment.
® performance on demanding applications.
Elastomeric couplings use custom-
compounded polyurethane inserts
which reduce downtime and are easy
to install. On large, difficult to
disassemble equipment and prime
mover or driver equipment, they are a
proven solution.
A Series: Powerstream® Elastomer Coupling
The A Series is an elastomeric coupling combining the
convenience of wrap around construction with the reliability
of high performance polymers. The couplings consist of steel
hubs, polyurethane wrap around insert and urethane or steel
inserts. Available in close coupled or standard length spacer
options suitable for ANSI and ISO standard pumps.
C Series: Metastream Rigid Couplings—CPLR & CPAT
C Series couplings incorporate a segmented, piloted locating
design which provides for easy vertical adjustment. This
eliminates the shaft distortion associated with conventional
“clam shell” coupling designs. The CPLR is for industrial
applications and the CPAT is for higher speed applications.
L Series: Metastream® Membrane Coupling
The L Series has been specifically designed to provide a cost
effective solution for demanding industrial applications.
Couplings are selected by their torque capacity, and are
simple to apply and are produced with standard options.
M Series: Membrane Coupling for the Oil and Gas Industry
The M Series coupling range is particularly suited for the oil
and gas industry. Torque is transmitted through two sets of
pre-assembled membrane units, separated by a spacer
element. The coupling provides a good level of misalignment,
while maintaining a high level of balance integrity. In the
unlikely event of membrane failure, due to a torque overload,
the coupling will disconnect the drive, thus protecting the
associated machines.
T Series Close Coupled Designs: TSR, TLR & TSE
This range of membrane couplings has been specifically
designed to provide a solution for close coupled machinery.
The key benefit of this coupling is the ability to replace flexing
discs without the need to move either of the connected
machines.
T Series: Disc Style Spacer Couplings for the Oil and Gas
Industry: TSK, TSC, TLK & TLC
Metastream T Series couplings, pioneered by John Crane, are
considered the industry standard for oil and gas pump
applications. It incorporates all the features necessary to
meet the API 610 standard, including a robust anti-fly
protection, and a cartridge design for the ultimate in
reliability.
H Series High Performance Couplings: H-RE, H-FE & H-CE
Safety and reliability are essential for the operation of high
speed turbomachinery. Attention to detail design and a
careful choice of materials give the couplings superior
Laser Alignment and Shims
Two models of laser alignment kits are available. The basic
model for aligning shafts in the general industrial
environment, and an (ATEX) Ex version for use in potentially
explosive atmospheres. Shims are important when accuracy
is vital in providing optimum support for the machine feet of
rotating equipment. The merest fraction of inaccuracy can
cause vibration, which in turn may result in breakdowns and
expensive downtime.

 Table of Contents Index 204 

INTERFACE Reliability Management Software
™

Rotating equipment and process data is uploaded into INTERFACE™ either
following a complete site survey or on an ongoing basis. During the course of
normal operations this data is updated and maintained. Examples of the type of
data collected includes: OEM model and serial number, equipment specifications,
process operating conditions, seal chamber dimensional data, seal arrangement,
type and drawing number, seal flush plan(s), and coupling details.
With INTERFACE™ being web-based, all software updates are seamless and
require no action on the user’s part. Report outputs are available in Adobe PDF,
Microsoft Word, or Microsoft Excel. For access to INTERFACE™ please contact
your local John Crane representative.

INTERFACE™ is a practical, easy to use, platform for tracking and reporting rotating
equipment reliability; providing the user the ability to calculate Mean Time Between
Repair (MTBR) for the rotating equipment population at a given customer location.
MTBR can be calculated at the corporate, customer, process unit, and individual
equipment levels.

Through the use of the MTBR reporting a list of “bad actors” can be developed
allowing for focused efforts toward improvement. The ability to compare the relative
performance of equipment across the various reporting levels can identify areas
where increased focus can yield significant productivity improvements.

In addition to recording failure data, INTERFACE™ has

the ability to capture and track the implementation
of equipment recommendations. These
recommendations are critical to improving customer
reliability
and lowering the total cost of ownership across a
customer’s rotating equipment installed base.

 Table of Contents Index 205 

Advanced Hydrodynamic Bearings
Thermoplastic Labyrinth Seals, Fixed Geometry, Tilting Pad, Pedestal, and Combined Bearings

Thermoplastic Labyrinth Seals

Some of the most overlooked components for increasing overall efficiency are the
laby seals in the compressor. The key to maximizing efficiency is installing seals
that can run with close clearances and maintain these clearances even after a
normal rub occurs. For over 20 years John Crane has been providing seals made
of Torlon®, PEEK and Fluorosint® to answer this dual need. If the shaft contacts Tilting Pad: Journal Bearings
rotating or stationary labyrinths made from these thermoplastics, they are more
forgiving than aluminum. Over the years, we have purchased tens of thousands of Tilting pad journal bearings offer the maximum rotor stability thanks to their
pounds of these compression-molded materials, making us one of the largest and exceptional stiffness and damping characteristics and negligible cross coupling
most experienced manufacturers of thermoplastic seals. Today, there are hundreds coefficients. This makes them ideal for use in high speed machinery operating
of compressors that are running efficiently and reliably with replacement Torlon, under low to high loads, e.g. turbines, turbo compressors, pumps and high-speed
PEEK and Fluorosint seals made by us. gearboxes. Available in both flooded, Advantage and directed lubrication designs,
their overall load capacity is determined by the oil temperature generated and to
Fixed Geometry Journal and Thrust Bearings control this, several alternatives are offered:
The outstanding operational performance of our fixed geometry bearings allows ■ Optimized lubrication systems which reduce power losses and temperature,
extreme running precision to be achieved. Journal bearings are available in both including our directed lubrication and patented Advantage system
cylindrical and multilobe profiles featuring two or more lobes to achieve the ■ Offset pivoting of pads to reduce the temperature generated at the sliding surface
rotor-dynamic performance requirements of the application. High precision
manufacturing techniques are employed to hold the tight tolerances required to ■ A choice of pad material to permit higher operating temperatures and improved
ensure optimum reliability. heat conductivity
Available in shaft diameters up to 60"/1500mm, fixed geometry journal bearings Other design options available include hydrostatic lift to prevent abrasive wear during
offer a cost effective solution with minimum power losses for many applications. slow speed and high load conditions, and spherical support systems to permit rotor
Design options include our patented Advantage® system as well as pressure fed deflection angles of up to 0.15° without the risk of edge loading and wear.
lubrication to provide controlled oil distribution, lower bearing temperatures, and
increased load capacity. Other options include, integrated thrust faces, pressure
relief dams, instrumentation and hydrostatic lift for wear free and low torque
turning-operations as well as highload start-ups.
We offer a wide range of fixed geometry thrust bearings with capability
to produce thrust plate, single and compound taper geometries.
In addition to our standard range of babbitt lined steel bearings,
a wide range of alternative backing
and lining materials are readily
available to meet individual
customer or application
requirements.

 Table of Contents Index 206 

Advanced Hydrodynamic Bearings
Thermoplastic Labyrinth Seals, Fixed Geometry, Tilting Pad, Pedestal, and Combined Bearings
Tilting Pad: Thrust Bearings
Tilting pad thrust bearings provide a greater load carrying capacity, compared to
thrust plate and taper-land bearings. These are offered in flooded, directed and our
patented OCI® lubrication configuration. Thrust bearings are available in a wide
range of sizes and pad configurations from our standard catalog or as a custom
designed solution.
Self equalizing bearings are offered to accommodate
non-uniformly distributed loads, required for
example on API compliant applications. The
equalizing link system automatically adjusts to
accommodate geometrical misalignments up to
0.1°. This self equalizing function creates an
even load and therefore an equal minimum oil
film thickness on each pad. As all tilting pads are
loaded equally, they offer greater operational
safety than standard thrust bearings.
 Table of Contents
Combined Bearings
Our combined bearings provide tailored solutions for special applications with
restricted assembly and mounting conditions and are designed to meet customer
specific requirements in terms of performance and running conditions. Available in
any arrangement of fixed geometry and tilting
pad designs, the compact cartridge design
provides axial and radial rotor support
while at the same time minimizing the
space requirements. Reduced space
permits shorter rotor and stiffer rotor
designs or additional compression stages
to be included.
Pedestal Bearings
We can design and manufacture pedestal assemblies for a variety of applications
including electric motors, generators, and line shafts. Designed with tilting pad or
fixed geometry journal bearings, a thrust bearing can be
included to support axial loads. Assemblies can be
selected from our standard range of bearings or custom
designed to meet specific customer requirements such
as insulated bearing assemblies. Shaft sizes range from
4"/100mm up to 25"/625mm.
Bearing lubrication is achieved by oil rings or pressure
fed lubrication. Hydrostatic lubrication and performance
monitoring provisions are also available.
Bearing Service and Repair
Unplanned downtime is costly and we understand how crucial a fast turnaround can
be. Our bearing repair, trouble shooting and upgrade capabilities are available to
support our customers in getting their plant up and running as quickly as possible.
Rapid response service is available for both bearing repair or spare parts on a vast
range of equipment including turbines, compressors, gearboxes and pumps. Our
industry experience allows us to support our customers on a broad range of OEM
bearing designs and our engineering capabilities are able to improve bearing life
through close evaluation of operating conditions and subsequent bearing design
improvements and upgrades.
Index 207 
Filtration Systems
Liquid, Seal Gas, Fuel Oil and Fuel Gas Filtration Systems

Unique Filter Design Filter Element Design

All Indufil filters have a bolted body construction, providing a compact, weld free
™
The combination of designs and materials used have a major influence on the
design which complies with all international pressure vessel design codes without performance and pressure drop of the filter unit, maximizing running time between
the necessity for detailed weld certification. Perfect sealing is change outs.
achieved via an O-ring and back-up ring arrangement,
Our fluid cartridge design is patented, ensuring the performance of the element
alleviating any issues with gasket bolting forces and
cannot be matched by others. As a consequence, Indufil filters typically exceed all
potential leakage.
industry requirements including API standards.
Each Indufil filter can be configured as required with
associated vents/drains; valving/porting; flanges and ■ Filtration efficency in accordance
fittings to suit every application. with industry standards
■ Particle and Liquids: Filtration to
3 micron absolute per ISO 16889
(ß3>1000, 99.9% efficiency)

Aftermarket Support
Performance of a filter depends entirely on the elements fitted,
making it essential to fit genuine Indufil filter elements.
Competitor replacements for Indufil products do not incorporate
patented Indufil design features and therefore cannot provide
comparable performance.
John Crane holds replacement Indufil elements for all
of their filters in stock and can dispatch within hours
of receiving an order.

 Table of Contents Index 208 

Filtration Systems
Liquid, Seal Gas, Fuel Oil and Fuel Gas Filtration Systems
Liquid Filtration
Indufil liquid filters are typically used on all oil and water duties and can be applied to
almost any liquid application.
Features include:
■ Lube oil filtration – gas turbines/steam turbines/gearboxes/compressors
■ Water – gas turbines/injection/machine cooling
Duplex filters are recommended to ensure adequate filtration of the process flow
while the filter is changed.
 Table of Contents
Seal Gas Filtration
Almost every centrifugal compressor uses dry gas seals to contain the high pressure
gas, whether it is on a high pressure re-injection duty or on a low pressure pipeline
machine. These seals can only be relied upon if fed with a continuous supply of clean,
dry gas.
Indufil gas filtration systems are the industry preferred solution as the filter design
can be specifically tailored to the application.
Features include:
■ Coalescing stages to remove liquids in the gas stream ensuring the gas is
suitably dry
■ Double O-ring sealing at every joint
■ Indufil's positive gate changeover system ensures the correct changeover
sequence is followed without any interruption to the flow
■ Flange up to 4.00"/101.6 mm
■ Patented double block and bleed arrangement
■ Either a panel or skid mounted filter assembly for convenience. Liquid collection
reservoirs, level gauges and switches can be easily incorporated onto the filter skid
and can be hard wired to an on-board terminal box with fully certified wiring
■ Pressure up to 7250 psi(g)/500 bar(g)
Index 209 
Filtration Systems
Liquid, Seal Gas, Fuel Oil and Fuel Gas Filtration Systems

Fuel Oil Filtration Fuel Gas Filtration

Adequate filtration of fuel oil is essential to reach the level of reliability demanded by Throughout the oil and gas and power generation industries, natural gas has
modern applications, whether onboard a ship or on a land based power generation become the preferred fuel for providing motive power. Effective filtration systems
application. help ensure the demands of modern engines are met by providing clean, dry gas.
Failure to provide this can quickly cause a reduction in efficiency or even worse, an
John Crane manufactures a complete line of Indufil fuel oil filtration systems which
unscheduled outage.
are fitted as standard to leading brands of gas turbines.
Indufil fuel gas filtration units are individually tailored to maximize reliability whatever
Features include: the condition of the supply gas. They are fitted as original equipment by most of the
■ Inlet and outlet connections up to 8.00"/203.2 mm in diameter major gas turbine suppliers.
■ Material specification tailored to suit application carbon steel, 316 stainless steel, Design features typically include:
(super) duplex and nickel alloys ■ Filtration to 3 micron absolute per
■ Fuel oil filters can be skid mounted with all control and monitoring ISO 16889 (ß3>1000, 99.9% efficiency)
instrumentation incorporated as standard and hard wired to an onboard terminal
cabinet
■ Inlet and outlet sizes up to 14.00"/355.6 mm
internal diameter
■ Liquid to liquid filtration
■ Liquid level indicators, switches
and transmitters
■ Integrated thermal relief and
shut off valves
■ Plug and play filtration unit mounted
on its own skid

 Table of Contents Index 210 

Filtration Systems
Liquid, Seal Gas, Fuel Oil and Fuel Gas Filtration Systems

Ball Valves Coolers

John Crane design and produce their own line of Indufil valves. Similar to
filters, all valves feature a non-welded forged body plus a trans-flow design that
ensures both a continuous flow and a minimal pressure drop during the switchover
operation without any interruption to the flow.
Indufil valves also incorporate a unique spring loaded ball/seat design that prevents
leakage and an anti blow out design on the valve stem.
The Indufil plate cooler system incorporates a patented pair of double six way ball
transfer valves. They are uniquely coupled together, allowing simultaneous
changeover with no interruption in flow.
The compact valve design and changeover system minimizes the overall footprint of
the cooler in an innovative way, reducing demands on both weight and space.

The range of valves includes mono block, double three way and double six way
transfer valve designs, with flange sizes up to 12.00"/304.8 mm and bore sizes up to
8.00"/203.2 mm.
A full range of materials and porting arrangements are available to suit, (including
Titanium).
Temperature range -320ºF/-196ºC to +482ºF/+250ºC.

 Table of Contents Index 211 

Useful Information
Data included in this section is provided for guidance only and must not be
Conversions
used for performance calculations of individual seals. Seal and material
performance can vary with application, pressure, temperature and installation.
For application specific calculations consult John Crane.
Lubricants
LUBRICANTS
The following lubricants are recommended by John Crane
The following lubricants are recommended by John Crane
Application Lubricant Note Data included in this section is provided for guidance only and
must not be used for performance calculations of individual seals.
Elastomeric O-rings except DuPont™ Krytox® FG24 Apply thinly by hand
Seal and material performance can vary with application,
silicone rubber Dow Corning® 111
Glycerine pressure, temperature and installation. For application specific
calculations consult John Crane.
O-rings of silicone rubber Glycerine Apply thinly by hand
Elastomeric bellows Glycerine Apply by brush
Propylene Glycol
Soapy water
Bolts, screws, nuts & DuPont™ Krytox® FG24 Minimal application
fasteners Dow Corning® 111 by brush or hand
Nickel or silver based
anti-seize compounds
Dupont and Krytox are registered trademarks of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company.
Dow Corning is a Registered trademark of Dow Corning Corporation.

Drive Screw Tightening Torques

DRIVE SCREW TIGHTENING TORQUES
TorquesDRIVE
are for drive TIGHTENING
SCREW screws only and TORQUES Socket Head Cup Point Set Screw Socket Head Cap Screw
Tightening Torques TIGHTENING
[Nm] (µ= 0.125 lubricated) Tightening Torques [Nm] (µ= 0.125 lubricated)
should notSocket
be applied
Head Cupto other
Point screws
Set Screw (UNRC) Socket Head Cap Screw DRIVE SCREW TORQUES
Thread High Tensile 316 SS ASTM Thread Steel Screw Steel Screw
in the seal assembly
Tightening Torque [in-lb] [µ=0.125] Tightening Torque [in-lb] [µ=0.125] Socket Head Cup Point Set Screw
Steel, Gr A4/70 A453-
Socket Head Cap Screw
Size (Class 12.9) (316 A4-70)
Steel 316 SS Steel 316 SS TighteningGrTorques
14.9 [Nm] (µ= 0.125Gr 660 C
lubricated) Tightening Torques [Nm] (µ= 0.125 lubricated)
Size
DRIVE SCREW TIGHTENING Size M4 4.5 2
ASTM-F912 TORQUES
ASTM-A193 ASTM-A574 ASTM-A193 M4 Thread High 2.3Tensile 1.5316 ASTM Thread Steel Screw Steel Screw
Steel, St. M5 9.4 4
Socket#10Head Cup Point Set
33 Screw (UNRC)18 Socket Head Cap
#6 30Screw 15 M5 4.5 3 Steel A453- Size (Class 12.9) (316 A4-70)
Gr 14.9 Gr A4/70 Gr 660 C M6 16 6,5
1/4"
Tightening 78 [µ=0.125] 40
Torque [in-lb] #8
Tightening 55 [µ=0.125] 28
Torque [in-lb] M6 7.5 4 M4 4.5 2
M4 2.3 1.5 M8 38 16
5/16" Steel 156 316 SS85 #10 Steel 80 316 SS40 M8 18 11 M5 9.4 4
Size Size M5 4.5 3 M10 77 32
3/8" ASTM-F912
273 ASTM-A193120 1/4" ASTM-A574180 ASTM-A19395 M10 36 16 30 M6 16 6,5
M6 7.5 4 M12 135 55
#107/16" 33 428 18 280 #6 5/16" 30 390 15 170 M12 60 40 50 M8 38 16
M8 18 11 M14 215 90
1/4" 1/2" 78 615 40 400 #8 3/8" 55 700 28 300 1/4 - 20 8.8 4.5 6 M10 77 32
M10 36 16 30 M16 340 140
5/16" 156 85 #107/16" 80 1125 40 485 5/16 - 18 17.5 10 M12 135 55
M12 60 40 50 M20 663 275
Torques
3/8" are for drive
273screws only and
120should not 1/4" 1/2" 180 1700 95 750 3/8 - 16 30 13.5 M14 215 90
be7/16"
applied to other428
screws in the seal 1/4 - 20 8.8 4.5 6
280assembly 5/16"5/8" 390 3000 170 1270 7/16 - 14 48 32 M16 340 140
5/16 - 18 17.5 10 Torques are for drive screws only and should not
1/2" 615 400 3/8" 3/4" 700 5500 300 2260 1/2 - 13 69 45 M20 to other screws663
be applied 275
in the seal assembly
3/8 - 16 30 13.5
7/16" 1125 485
7/16 - 14 48 32
Torques are for drive screws only and should not 1/2" 1700 750 Torques are for drive screws only and should not
be applied to other screws in the seal assembly 1/2 - 13 69 45 be applied to other screws in the seal assembly
5/8" 3000 1270
3/4" 5500 2260

 Table of Contents Index 212 

Useful Information
Conversions

Temperature Limitations of Flexible Members Installation Criteria & Limits

TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURELIMITATIONS
LIMITATIONSOF
OFFLEXIBLE
FLEXIBLEMEMBERS
MEMBERS INSTALLATION CRITERIA & LIMITS
Temperature
Temperaturelimits
limitswhen
whenused
usedas:-
as:- Installation Criterion Concentricity General value/Limit Remarks
Bellows, Shaft to seal chamber < 125 µm (0.005") TIR TIR is sometimes also referred to
Rubber Bellows,Sliding
Sliding Bellows,
Bellows,Sliding
Sliding (Total Indicator Reading) as Full Indicator Movement (FIM)
Rubber &&Static
StaticO-Rings
O-Rings°C°C &&Static
StaticO-Rings
O-Rings°F °F
Shaft run out measured from < 25 µm (0.001") TIR
Medium
MediumNitrile
Nitrile Minus
Minus40˚C
40˚CtotoPlus
Plus120˚C
120˚C ++ Minus
Minus40˚F
40˚FtotoPlus
Plus250˚F
250˚F ++
a casing mounted indicator —
Low
LowTemp
TempNitrile
Nitrile Minus
Minus55˚C
55˚CtotoPlus
Plus100˚C
100˚C Minus
Minus65˚F
65˚FtotoPlus
Plus212˚F
212˚F Run-out of sleeve outer < 25 µm (0.001") TIR
Neoprene
Neoprene Minus
Minus40˚C
40˚CtotoPlus
Plus100˚C
100˚C Minus
Minus40˚F
40˚FtotoPlus
Plus212˚F
212˚F diameter to inner diameter —
Fluorocarbon/Fluoroelastomer
Fluorocarbon/Fluoroelastomer Minus
Minus30˚C
30˚CtotoPlus
Plus205˚C
205˚C †† Minus
Minus20˚F
20˚FtotoPlus
Plus400˚F
400˚F †† Squareness of seal chamber < 0.5 µm / mm of seal
Fluorocarbon
FluorocarbonGLTGLT Minus
Minus45˚C
45˚CtotoPlus
Plus205˚C
205˚C †† Minus
Minus50˚F
50˚FtotoPlus
Plus400˚F
400˚F †† face to shaft chamber bore (0.0005"/ inch of —
EPDM Rubber Minus 40˚C to Plus 150˚C * Minus 40˚F to Plus 300˚F ** seal chamber bore)
EPDM Rubber Minus 40˚C to Plus 150˚C * Minus 40˚F to Plus 300˚F
Fluorosilicone Minus Centering of the seal is to be by a < 125 µm (0.005") TIR
Fluorosilicone Minus60˚C
60˚CtotoPlus
Plus175˚C
175˚C Minus
Minus75˚F
75˚FtotoPlus
Plus350˚F
350˚F register fit. The register fit surface shall —
Silicone
Silicone Minus
Minus55˚C
55˚CtotoPlus
Plus200˚C
200˚C Minus
Minus65˚F
65˚FtotoPlus
Plus390˚F
390˚F be concentric to the shaft
TFE-P/TFE-Propylene
TFE-P/TFE-Propylene 0˚C
0˚Cto
toPlus
Plus205˚C
205˚C 32˚F
32˚Fto
toPlus
Plus400˚F
400˚F Shaft Axial Float/End play < 0.08 mm (0.003") TIR This is the maximum movement
HT-FFKM
HT-FFKM(was(wasPerfl
Perfluoroelastomer
uoroelastomer1)
1) Minus
Minus20˚C
20˚CtotoPlus
Plus260˚C
260˚C Minus
Minus4˚F
4˚Fto
toPlus
Plus500˚F
500˚F during dynamic operation
LT-FFKM
LT-FFKM(was
(wasPerfl
Perfluoroelastomer
uoroelastomer2)
2) Minus
Minus20˚C
20˚CtotoPlus
Plus215˚C Minus
Minus4˚F
4˚Fto
toPlus
Plus420˚F Shaft tolerance h6
215˚C 420˚F
Shaft Surface Texture/Finish 1.6 µm Ra (64 µin Ra) —
++ For
Forwater
waterduties
dutiesthe
theupper
upperlimit
limitisis212°F/100°C
212°F/100°C
†† For
Forwater
waterduties
dutiesthe
theupper
upperlimit
limitisis275°F/135°C
275°F/135°C
** Not
Not for use in contact with hydrocarbonbased
for use in contact with hydrocarbon basedproducts
products
These
These elastomeric materials have alimited
elastomeric materials have a limitedtolerance
toleranceto
toabrasion
abrasionand
andmovement
movement
For water duties the upper limit is 194°F/90°C
For water duties the upper limit is 194°F/90°C
For static Applications -13ºF to +420ºF/-25ºC to +215ºC
For static Applications -13ºF to +420ºF/-25ºC to +215ºC
These
Theseelastomeric
elastomericmaterials
materialshave
haveaalimited
limitedtolerance
toleranceto
toabrasion
abrasionand
andmovement
movement

TEMPERATURE LIMITATIONS OF FLEXIBLE MEMBERS

Temperature limits when used as:-
Fully Constrained Ring
PTFE / Graphite Seat Rings
(i.e. Metal Bellows Packing)
Pure PTFE Minus 60˚C to Plus 260˚C Minus 20˚C to Plus 180˚C
Minus 76˚F to Plus 500˚F Minus 4˚F to Plus 356˚F
25% Glass Filled PTFE Minus 100˚C to Plus 280˚C Minus 50˚C to Plus 230˚C
Minus 148˚F to Plus 536˚F Minus 58˚F to Plus 446˚F
25% Carbon Filled PTFE Minus 80˚C to Plus 250˚C Minus 40˚C to Plus 200˚C
Minus 112˚F to Plus 482˚F Minus 40˚F to Plus 392˚F
Graphite/Stainless Steel Mesh Minus 212˚C to Plus 500˚C
Minus 350˚F to Plus 932˚F —
Graphite or Cranfoil Minus 212˚C to Plus 500˚C Minus 40˚C to Plus 400˚C
Minus 350˚F to Plus 932˚F Minus 40˚F to Plus 752˚F
NOTE: When using either FEP covered fluorocarbon o-rings or PTFE / Graphite seat rings,
the seat must be fitted with an anti-rotation pin.

NOTE: The limits shown are for guidance only, and do not take into account any site experience.

 Table of Contents Index 213 

Useful Conversions
Conversions

Length Volume
LENGTH VOLUME
From To Multiply by From To Multiply by From To Multiply by From To Multiply by
LENGTH
inches mm 25.4 mm inches 0.03937 ft3 m3 0.028317 m3 ft3 35.3147
From
inches To
m Multiply
0.0254 by From
m To
inches Multiply
39.37 by ft3 liters(dm3) 28.317 liters(dm3) ft3 0.035315
inches
feet mm 25.4
304.8 mm inches
feet 0.03937
0.00328 in3 m3 1.6387x10-5 m3 in3 61023.74
inches
feet m 0.0254
0.3048 m inches
feet 39.37
3.281 gallons(Imp) gallons(US) 1.20095 gallons(US) gallons(Imp) 0.83267
feet
yards mm
m 304.8
0.9144 mm
m feet
yards 0.00328
1.0936 gallons(Imp) m3 4.5461x10-3 m3 gallons(Imp) 219.9692
feet
miles m
km 0.3048
1.6093 m
km feet
miles 3.281
0.6214 gallons(Imp) liters(dm3) 4.54609 liters gallons(Imp) 0.21997
yards
µin m
mm 0.9144
2.54x10-5 m
mm yards
µin 1.0936
39370 gallons(US) m3 0.003785 m3 gallons(US) 264.1721
miles
µin km
nm 1.6093
25.4 km
nm miles
µin 0.6214
0.03937 gallons(US) liters(dm3) 3.7854 liters gallons(US) 0.26417
µin mm 2.54x10-5 mm µin 39370 barrels(bbl) oil gallons(Imp) 34.9723 gallons(Imp) barrels(bbl) oil 0.028594
AREA
µin nm 25.4 nm µin 0.03937 barrels(bbl) oil gallons(US) 42 gallons(US) barrels(bbl) oil 0.02381
Area
From To Multiply by From To Multiply by barrels(bbl) oil m3 0.1590 m3 barrels(bbl) oil 6.2898
AREA
inches2 mm2 645.16 mm2 inches2 0.00155 barrels(bbl) oil liters(dm3) 158.9873 liters(dm3) barrels(bbl) oil 0.006290
From
feet2 To
m2 Multiply
0.0929 by From
m2 To
feet2 Multiply
10.7639 by
yards2 2
inches m2 2
mm 645.16
0.8361 m2 2
mm yards2 2
inches 0.00155
1.1960
2 2 2 2
feet
acres m
hectares 0.0929
0.4047 m
hectares feet
acres 10.7639
2.4711
miles22
yards m
km2 2
0.8361
2.59 m
km2 2
miles22
yards 1.1960
0.3861
Volume Flow Rate
acres hectares 0.4047 hectares acres 2.4711 VOLUME FLOW RATE
miles2 km2 2.59 km2 miles2 0.3861 From To Multiply by From To Multiply by
gals(Imp)/min liters/min 4.5461 liters/min gals(Imp)/min 0.21997
VOLUME FLOW
gals(US)/min RATE
liters/min 3.7854 liters/min gals(US)/min 0.26417
From
ft 3
/min To
liters/min Multiply by
28.3168 From
liters/min To
ft 3
/min Multiply by
0.03532
Pressure/Head gals(Imp)/min
m 3
/hour liters/min
liters/min 4.5461
16.6667 liters/min
liters/min gals(Imp)/min
m 3
/hour 0.21997
0.06
PRESSURE/HEAD gals(US)/min
barrels liters/min
oil/day liters/min 3.7854
0.1104 liters/min
liters/min gals(US)/min
barrels oil/day 0.26417
9.0573
From To Multiply by From To Multiply by ft33/sec
ft /min liters/min
liters/min 28.3168
1699.01 liters/min
liters/min ft 3
ft3/sec
/min 0.03532 -4
5.886x10
psi bar 0.06895 bar psi 14.5038 m3/hour liters/min 16.6667 liters/min m3/hour 0.06
psi kg/cm2 0.07031 kg/cm2 psi 14.2233 WEIGHT/FORCE
barrels oil/day liters/min 0.1104 liters/min barrels oil/day 9.0573
ft3/sec
From liters/min
To 1699.01 by
Multiply liters/min
From ft3/sec
To -4
5.886x10by
Multiply
psi N/m2(Pa) 6894.757 N/m2 psi 1.4504 x 10-4 Weight/Force
lbs kg 0.4536 kg lbs 2.2046
kg/cm2 bar 0.09807 bar kg/cm2 1.01972
WEIGHT/FORCE
tons(long) kg 1016.05 kg tons(long) 9.842x10-4
atms. psi 14.6959 psi atms. 0.06805
From
tons(short) To
kg Multiply by
907.19 From
kg To
tons(short) Multiply -3by
1.102x10
atms. kg/cm2 1.03323 kg/cm2 atms 0.96784 lbs kg 0.4536 kg lbs 2.2046
tons(long) tonne 1.016047 tonne tons(long) 0.9842
atms. bar 1.01325 bar atms. 0.98692 tons(long)
tons(short) kg
tonne 1016.05
0.9072 kg
tonne tons(long)
tons(short) 9.842x10-4
1.1023
N/m2 (Pa) bar 1x10-5 bar N/m2 1x105 tons(short)
lbsf kg
N 907.19
4.4482 kg
N tons(short)
lbsf 1.102x10-3
0.2248
kPa bar 0.01 bar kPa 100 tons(long)
kgf tonne
N 1.016047
9.8067 tonne
N tons(long)
kgf 0.9842
0.10197
MPa bar 10 bar MPa 0.1 tons(short)
kiloponds tonne
N 0.9072
9.8067 tonne
N tons(short)
kiloponds 1.1023
0.10197
bar torr(mm Hg) 750.0638 torr(mm Hg) bar 0.001333 lbsf
tonf(long) N
kN 4.4482
9.96402 N
kN lbsf
tonf(long) 0.2248
0.10036
psi ft(liquid) 2.307 ÷ SG ft(liquid) psi 0.4335xSG kgf N 9.8067 N kgf 0.10197
psi m(liquid) 0.703 ÷ SG m(liquid) psi 1.4223xSG kiloponds N 9.8067 N kiloponds 0.10197
bar ft(liquid) 33.4552 ÷ SG ft(liquid) bar 0.02989xSG tonf(long) kN 9.96402 kN tonf(long) 0.10036
bar m(liquid) 10.1972 ÷ SG m(liquid) bar 0.09806xSG
kg/cm2 m(liquid) 10 ÷ SG m(liquid) kg/cm2 0.1xSG

 Table of Contents Index 214 

Useful Conversions
Conversions

Power Viscosity - Dynamic & Kinematic

POWER VISCOSITY - DYNAMIC & KINEMATIC
From To Multiply by From To Multiply by From To Multiply by From To Multiply by
POWER
hp kW 0.7457 kW hp 1.34102 cPs N.sec/m2 0.001 N.sec/m2 cPs 1000
From
hp(metric) also To
kW Multiply by
0.7355 From
kW To
hp(metric) Multiply by
1.35962 cPs Pa.sec 0.001 Pa.sec cPs 1000
PS,
hp CV or ch kW 0.7457 kW hp 1.34102 lbf.sec/ft2 N.sec/m2 47.8803 lbf.sec/ft2 N.sec/m2 0.02089
-4
Btu/hr
hp(metric) also kW
kW 2.9307x10
0.7355 kW
kW Btu/hr
hp(metric) 3412.1416
1.35962 lbf.sec/ft2 cPs 47880.259 cPs lbf.sec/ft2 2.0885x10-5
PS, CV or ch
ft.lbf/sec kW 0.001356 kW ft.lbf/sec 737.5622 cSt m2/sec 1.0 x 10-6 m2/sec cSt 1.0 x 106
Btu/hr kW 2.9307x10-4 kW Btu/hr 3412.1416 ft2/sec cSt 9.2903 x 104 cSt ft2/sec 1.0764 x 10-5
ft.lbf/sec kW 0.001356 kW ft.lbf/sec 737.5622
TORQUE
approximately: cSt = 0.226xSSU - 195 32 < SSU <100 cSt = 0.22xSSU - 135 SSU ≥100
Torque
From To Multiply by From To Multiply by SSU SSU
TORQUE
lbf.ft N.m 1.3558 N.m lbf.ft 0.73756
From
lbf.in To
N.m Multiply by
0.112985 From
N.m To
lbf.in Multiply by
8.85075
lbf.ft
ozf.in N.m 1.3558
0.007062 N.m lbf.ft
ozf.in 0.73756
141.6119
lbf.in
kgf.m N.m 0.112985
9.80665 N.m lbf.in
kgf.m 8.85075
0.10197
ozf.in N.m 0.007062 N.m ozf.in 141.6119
kgf.m N.m 9.80665 N.m kgf.m 0.10197

Density/Specific Gravity (SG)

DENSITY/SPECIFIC GRAVITY (SG)
From To Multiply by From To Multiply by
lbs/ft3 kg/m3 16.01846 kg/m3 lbs/ft3 0.06243
grms/cm3 kg/m3 1000 kg/m3 grms/cm3 0.001
lbs/gal(US) kg/m3 119.8264 kg/m3 lbs/gal(US) 0.008345

API GRAVITY - OAPI

o
API = 141.5 - 131.5 SG = 141.5
SG API + 131.5
o

Degrees Baumé
145 145
Bé = 145-
o
SG =
SG 45 - oBé

The above o Bé formulas apply to solutions denser than water

 Table of Contents Index 215 

Useful Conversions
VISCOSITY/TEMPERATURE
Conversions and Vapor Pressure Curve - PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
Viscosity /Temperature - Petroleum Products

Temperature - °C
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
1000.00

A =
Gasoline
B =
Kerosine
F G H C =
Diesel (Refinery)
100.00 D =
Fuel #3 (Max)
E =
Fuel #5 (Min)
F =
Fuel #5 (Max)
Viscosity - cPs

Fuel #6 (Min)
G = Heavy Fuel Oil
E
Bunker C
10.00 H = Asphalt
D

B
1.00
A

0.10

 Table of Contents Index 216 

Useful Conversions
Conversions and Vapor Pressure Curve

Specific Gravity vs Temperature - Petroleum Fractions

 Table of Contents Index 217 

Useful Conversions
Vapor Pressure Curve

 Table of Contents Index 218 

 Advantage, Crane-foil, EZ-1, LaserFace, Metastream, OCI, Powerstream, Rite-Pak, Sealide-C, ECS, intelli-face, INOVIT,
Safematic and Sealol are registered trademarks of John Crane.
INTERFACE, LEMCO, Safeunit and Safeunit Ultima are trademarks of John Crane.
FLEXITALLIC is a registered trademark of Flexitallic Investments, Inc.
Hastelloy, Hastelloy B and Hastelloy G are registered trademarks of Haynes International, Inc.
Gylon is a registered trademark of Garlock Mechanical Packing Division.
Inconel and Monel are registered trademarks of Huntington Alloys Corporation.
DuPont and Krytox are registered trademark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company.
Dow Corning is a registered trademark of Dow Corning Corporation.
Victrex is a registered trademark of Victrex Manufacturing Limited.
Aflas is a registered trademark of the Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Corporation.
Indufil is a registered trademark of Indufil BV.
Gylon is a registered trademark of Garlock Sealing Technologies LLC.
Torlon is a registered trademark of Solvay Advanced Polymers LLC.
Fluorosint is a registered trademark of the Quadrant EPP USA Inc.
PEEK is a trademark of Victrex plc.

 Table of Contents Index 219 

Index
A Dry-Running....2, 18, 56, 68, 79-80,
A Series..............................150, 204
Abrasives/Slurries..........1-2, 87-90
Advanced Hydrodynamic Bearings ....3,
206-207
Air Compressor(s) ......................70
API 610 ............73, 79-80, 120-121,
162, 204
API 682 ................1-2, 9, 17, 61-63,
66-68, 73-74, 77, 79-84, 108-109,
118-119, 127-130, 141, 144, 151-
153, 158-162, 188, 194-198
API 682 Cartridge Seals ........79-80
API 682 Test Qualification ..........81
API Piping Plans ................1, 51-52
Aseptic/Hygienic/Hygienic Design 93
B Type 6A ....................16, 70, 97, 101
Balanced Seal(s) ........4, 50, 53, 57,
98-99, 120-121, 170-171, 187
Balanced vs. Unbalanced Seals ..4
Ball Valves..................................211
Barrier/Buffer Fluid(s) ....53, 62-63
Bearing Service and Repair ......207
Bottom-Entering Equipment ..90-91
Bottom-Entering Shafts..............91
Braided Packing ............................3
C Separation Seal(s) ........3, 179, 184
C Series..............................168, 204
Cartridge ................4, 9, 16, 53, 57,
61-63, 79-80, 84, 88-89, 91-93,
95, 97, 105, 108-113, 115, 117,
119, 122-136, 140-146, 151-163,
167-169, 171, 174-179, 182-183,
185-187, 204, 207-208
Cartridge Seal(s) ..........4, 9, 16, 57,
62, 79-80, 88-89, 92-93, 97, 105,
108-110, 112, 119, 125-136, 140-
144, 154, 158-163, 167-169, 174-
178, 182, 185-187
CFR 21/11 ....................................93
Class 6 (Six/VI) ............................93
Coking ................76-77, 79, 82, 162
Combined Bearings ......3, 206-207
Cooler(s) ....115, 191-192, 194-195,
198, 211
Coupling(s)..................1-3, 204-206
Cryogenic Pumps ................95, 163
Cyclone Separator(s) ............17, 90
D 84, 122, 189, 191-192, 195-196
DIN Vessel Seals ........................93
Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX) ....93, 172,
174-178
 Table of Contents
82-83, 85, 91-96, 109-110, 117,
132, 139, 145-146, 156, 167, 169-
178, 180-181, 183-184, 197-198
DSK 7075 ................................1, 58
DSK 7076 ................................1, 58
DSK 7077 ................................1, 59
DSK 7078 ................................1, 59
DSK 7079 ................................1, 60
Dual Seal(s) .... 9, 13, 16-18, 51-53,
61-63, 66-68, 77, 79-80, 83-85, 88,
92, 108-110, 119, 129, 131-132,
141, 161, 171, 188, 193-194, 198
E Light Ends..............................77, 95
Elastomer Bellows Seal(s) ..1, 6, 13-
14, 16, 88, 97-98, 101-102, 105-106
Elastomer Coupling ................ 204
Engineered Bearing(s) ..............1-2
F M Series ................................3, 204
Filtration Systems ......1-3, 208-211
Fixed Bushing ............17-18, 68, 83
Fixed Geometry ..................206-207
Flashing Hydrocarbon(s)......13, 68,
73-75, 77, 79
Floating Bushing ............17, 68, 83
Fluid Viscosity..............................76
Fuel Gas Conditioning Units ........3
Fuel Gas Filtration ........3, 208-211
Fuel Oil Filtration ..................3, 210
G Type 10T/10R................16, 164, 166
Gas Booster ..............................200
Gas Heating ..............................199
Gas Leakage Detector ..............198
Gas Seal Support System(s) ..3, 79,
199
Gas Seal Systems......................199
GL1B/GL1H ..................16, 150, 155
GP-S/GP-D ................................190
GR-1....................................189-190
GR-2....................................189-190
GR-3 .......................................... 189
H Thermoplastic Labyrinth
H Series ................................3, 204
H-CE ..........................................204
H-FE ..........................................204
H-RE ..........................................204
Heat Exchanger(s) ..3, 17, 52, 76, 79,
High Purity Sealing................71, 92
HTL Mating Ring................158, 188
Hydrocarbon(s)........1-2, 13, 15, 19,
56, 65, 67-68, 71-82, 86, 95, 108-
109, 115, 118-119, 128, 130, 139,
151-153, 156, 158-159, 162
I TSE ............................................204
INTERFACE ..1, 7, 73, 85, 179, 193,
205, 219
J Turbomachinery Seals ....1, 16, 179
Journal Bearings ..........3, 206-207
L Seal Family A........1, 12, 93, 97-107
L Series......................................204
Laser Alignment and Shims ....204
Light Hydrocarbon Duties ..........77
Liquid Filtration..............3, 209-210
Liquid Separation ......................200
M Seal Family H ................1, 185-186
Membrane Coupling(s)..............204
Metal Bellows Seal(s) ..1, 3, 16, 50,
54, 56-57, 71, 75-77, 79-80,
84-86, 127, 150-155, 157-161, 163
Multilobe Journal Bearings ..........3
N
Non-Flashing Hydrocarbon(s) ..73-
75, 77
Non-Pusher Seals ............6, 19, 56
O 51-52, 54, 56-57, 61-62, 64-67,
O-Ring Pusher Seal(s) ....1, 16, 71,
83, 86, 88-89, 105, 108-110, 117-
118, 127, 129, 137-139, 160-161
P
Pedestal Bearings ................3, 207
Pool and Spa........................70, 104
Power Transmission Couplings ..1-
3, 204
Pressurized Dual Seal(s)......53, 66,
194
PTFE Bellows Seal(s)....1, 16, 164-166
PTFE Products ......................1, 203
PTFE Wedge Seals ..1, 16, 147-149
Pusher Seal(s) ..........1, 5-6, 16, 19,
56-57, 71, 75, 77, 79-80, 83, 86,
88-89, 105, 108-110, 117-118,
127, 129, 137-139, 150, 160-161
Q Type 32GL ..............16, 92, 167, 171
Quench Containment ..................83
Quench Single Cartridge Seal ....89
Quenches/Secondary
Containment ..........................1, 18
R Toxic/Hazardous ......1-2, 61-69, 71,
Refilling Unit(s)..........................196
Rigid Couplings ........................204
S Type 48VL-C ................16, 108, 117
Safeclean ..................................202
Safefilter ....................................202
SafeJet ......................................202
Safeunit ......................201-202, 219
Safeunit Ultima..................201, 219
Seal Family B ..........1, 93, 108-146
Seal Family C ................1, 147-149
Seal Family D ................1, 150-163
Seal Family E..................1, 164-166
Seal Family F..................1, 167-178
Seal Family G ................1, 179-184
Seal Gas Filtration ................3, 209
Seal Support System(s) ..1-3, 9, 53,
79, 81, 96, 189-202
Sealol ................1, 57, 84, 127, 129,
151-153, 156-163, 219
Secondary Containment ....1-2, 12,
18-49, 51-52, 61, 63-65, 67-68,
71, 73, 77, 79-83, 110, 117-118,
130, 146, 151, 156, 197-198
Single Seal(s) ..............9, 12, 16, 18,
77, 79-81, 83, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94-
95, 105, 108-110, 115, 117, 119,
122, 125, 127-128, 134, 136-137,
160, 167, 171-173, 193-194, 197
Slurry Seal................18, 88-89, 123
SmartFlow..........................138, 202
Specific Gravity ........13, 15, 50, 62,
73, 77, 215, 217
Split Seal(s) ..........3, 57, 90, 93, 97,
107, 109, 124
T 142-144
T Series ..................................3, 204
Taperland Thrust Bearings ..........3
Seals ................................206-207
Thermosensitive and
ViscousFluids ............................78
Thrust Bearing(s) ..........3, 206-207
Tilting Pad ......................3, 206-207
TLC ............................................204
TLK ............................................204
TLR ............................................204
Index
78
Transfer Valve(s) ....................3, 211
TSC ............................................204
TSK ............................................204
TSR ............................................204
Type 1 ............12-14, 16, 54, 70, 88,
97-98, 105
Type 1 Series (1/1A/1B) ..16, 97-98
Type 1B ..................................13, 98
Type 2 ..................16, 70, 88, 97, 99
Type 2 Series (2/2B/2M/2uk) 97, 99
Type 2B ........................................99
Type 6 ................16, 54, 70, 97, 100
Type 8-1/8-1T ......................16, 111
Type 8B ..................16, 70, 108, 112
Type 8B1/8B1T ....................16, 113
Type 9............................16, 147-148
Type 9/9T/109/59U ..............16, 148
Type 9B ..................16, 70, 147, 149
Type 9B and 9BT........................147
Type 9B/9BT/109B/59B ......16, 149
Type 9BT ............................147, 149
Type 9T, ..............................147-148
Type 10R ............................164, 166
Type 10T ......................16, 164, 166
Type 20..................16, 164-165, 188
Type 20R ............................164-165
Type 21 ....................16, 70, 97, 102
Type 28AT ........3, 16, 63, 66-68, 96,
179-180
Type 28EXP ......................3, 96, 180
Type 28LD ....16, 67-68, 83, 95, 110,
145
Type 28SC ........16, 79, 83, 110, 146
Type 28SC/28LD ..........................83
Type 28ST ..........3, 16, 67, 179, 182
Type 28VL ..........3, 16, 95, 179, 181
Type 28XP ..................3, 63, 96, 179
Type 32 ..................16, 92, 167, 170
Type 32D ................16, 92, 167, 172
Type 32i ........................16, 167, 173
Type 37FS ................16, 90, 97, 107
Type 37FS/37FSB ................16, 107
Type 37FSB ..................................90
Type 48LP/MP/HP ......................16
Type 48SC/S48SC ........................83
Type 48V ................16, 86, 108, 116
Type 48XP ....................16, 108, 118
Type 57B ......................16, 108, 120
Type 58B/U ..................16, 108, 121
Type 59B ....................................147
Type 59U ....................................147
Type 83 ....................3, 16, 179, 183
Type 93FR ................3, 16, 179, 184
Type 109 ....................................147
Type 109B ..................................147
Type 270F ....................16, 109, 122
Type 285........16, 38-39, 85, 95, 163
Type 502 ..................16, 70, 97, 106
Type 515C ............................16, 154
Type 515E ............................16, 154
Type 586 ....16, 88, 90, 92, 109, 123
Type 604 ........................16, 84, 151
Type 604HTC ..................16, 76, 152
Type 606 ........................16, 84, 151
Type 609 ........................16, 84, 151
Type 609HTC ........................76, 152
Type 670 ..................16, 67, 79, 153
Type 675 ....................................153
Type 676 ....................................153
Type 680 ....................................153
Type 1604HTC ................16, 80, 158
Type 1604HTC/2609HTC/3609HTC/
3604HTC ..................................158
Type 1648/2648/3648 ..16, 108, 119
Type 1670 ......................16, 79, 159
Type 2100 ................16, 70, 97, 103
Type 2106 ................16, 70, 97, 104
Type 2609HTC ......................80, 158
Type 2670 ..................................159
Type 2800 ....16, 56, 63, 79, 95, 110,
Type 2800E/EX/EH ..............16, 110
Type 2800XA ................16, 110, 143
Type 2800XP ........................16, 144
Type 2874 ....16, 62-63, 68, 71, 110,
141
Type 2874NE ......16, 63, 65, 68, 162
Type 3670 ............................67, 159
Type 3740 ..............16, 90, 109, 124
Type 4610/4620P..........................16
Type 5280 Series....16, 92, 167, 174
Type 5280/5281/5282 ..........93, 174
Type 5610/5610Q..........16, 109, 127
Type 5611/5611Q............16, 88, 105
Type 5615 ............................16, 160
Type 5615/5615Q..................16, 160
Type 5615Q ................................160
Type 5620/5620P..................16, 129
Type 5620D ..................16, 109, 130
Type 5625 ............................16, 161
Type 5625/5625P..................16, 161
Type 5840................16, 88, 185-186
Type 5860 ........16, 18, 88, 109, 131
Type 5870 ..............16, 89, 109, 132
Type 7700 ..............16, 92, 167, 169
Type 7800 Series ....16, 92-93, 167-
168
Type 8610/8620 ............16, 110, 133
Type CK 725 ..........16, 93, 167, 175
Type CK 728 ..........16, 93, 167, 176
Type CK 736 ..........16, 93, 167, 177
Type CK 738 ..........16, 93, 167, 178
Type ECS........16, 57, 63, 65, 68-69,
77, 82-83, 156
Type EZ-1 ............................16, 157
Type FFET ....................16, 110, 139
Type GL1B ............................16, 155
Type GL1H..................................155
Type JCS1 ....................16, 110, 137
Type JCS2 ............................16, 138
Type R33 ......................16, 108, 114
Type SB ..................................67, 83
Type SB1 ................16, 89, 110, 134
Type SB1/A ..................16, 110, 134
Type SB2 ................16, 89, 110, 135
Type SB2/A ..................16, 110, 135
Type SBW ..............16, 89, 110, 136
Type SFD ....................................201
Type SUD....................................201
Type SUP....................................201
Type SUQ....................................201
220 
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John Crane Companies reserve the right to alter designs and specifications without prior notice. It is dangerous to smoke while handling products made from PTFE. Old and new PTFE products must not be incinerated.
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 Table of Contents Index