KL 3100 – Hydrodynamics Final Exam

Lecturer : Entin A. Karjadi Semester I – 2017/2018

TAs : Anasya Arsita Laksmi and Munawir Bintang Friday, December 08, 2017

2 (Two) Hours
Open Dean & Dalrymple and Chakrabarti Books
1 (one) Page A4 Notes

Page 1/3

Rules:
1. You are allowed to use D&D and Chakrabarti books and your handwritten notes on one page of an A4
size paper.
2. Write your answers concisely and clearly with every step of your calculations, and list all of the
assumptions used in your answers.
3. Work independently. Cheating will NOT be tolerated!
4. Good luck!

Problem 1. Total 25 %

a) Velocity potential function 𝜙 is defined as 𝑢

⃑ = ∇𝜙. What is the required condition for the velocity
potential function 𝜙 to exist?
b) What is the required condition for the stream function 𝜓 to exist?
c) The Governing Equation for a potential flow problem is the Laplace’s Equation: ∇2 𝜙 = 0.
 write this equation for a 2-D problem.
 show how to derive the Laplace’s Equation.

d) Explain your understanding of the d’Alembert paradox.

e) Two bodies (2-D) with different shape are located in a uniform flow field as shown is Figure 1. Sketch the
flow pattern around each of the bodies if the fluid is:
i) ideal fluid
ii) real fluid
Give a detail explanation of your sketch.

f) For a real fluid flow, which body has bigger force? Explain your answer.

Figure 1
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Problem 2. Total 20 %

A Rankin oval is formed by combining a source-sink pair with a uniform flow with velocity U as shown in
Figure 2. The strength of the source-sink pair is m = 4 m/s and they are seperated by a distance of 1 m along
the x-axis. If the width of the oval is 1.6 m:
a) determine the velocity of the uniform flow U
b) determine the length of the of the oval
c) find the location of the stagnation points
d) calculate the velocity and the pressure at point A if the pressure at the stagnation point is P0.
Note:
ℎ ℎ/𝑎 𝐿 2𝑚 1/2 𝑢max 2𝑚/(𝑈𝑎)
= cot 2𝑚/(𝑈𝑎) ; = (1 + 𝑈𝑎 ) ; = 1 + 1+ℎ2 /𝑎2 (White, 2016).
𝑎 𝑎 𝑈

Figure 2

Problem 3. Total 20 %

a. There are three methods to calculate the hydrodynamic force. Write and explain the equation for each
method.
b. What is the required condition for each method?
c. Write the equation of the uplift force using Froude-Krylov method.
d. Determine the maximum uplift force on the fixed slab shown in Figure 3 due to a wave of 10 m height and
12 s period.
e. At what phase of the motion will the maximum uplift occur?

Figure 3
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Problem 4. Total 25 %

A vertical cylindrical oil rig column with diameter D = 0.75 m is located in an area where the water depth
h = 20 m as shown in Figure 4. The wave height and wave period are H = 1 m and T = 5 s, respectively.
a) Write the equation of the force acting on the structure using Morison equation.
b) Determine the maximum inertia force (𝑑𝐹𝐼 )max and the maximum drag force (𝑑𝐹𝐷 )max .
c) Is the maximum total force (𝑑𝐹𝑇 )max equal to the sum of maximum inertia force and maximum drag
force? (𝑑𝐹𝑇 )max = (𝑑𝐹𝐼 )max + (𝑑𝐹𝐷 )max ? ?
Explain your answer.
d) If the maximum intertia force (𝑑𝐹𝐼 )max is 1.5 times larger than the maximum drag force (𝑑𝐹𝐷 )max,
determine the value of inertia coefficient 𝐶𝑀 and added mass coefficient 𝐶𝐴 .
The drag coefficient 𝐶𝐷 = 1.
e) Calculate the maximum total force at depth z = -10 m.

Figure 4

Problem 5. Total 10 %

A pipe with diameter D is seated on the seafloor and the idealized flow
field over the pipe is shown in Figure 5. The forces acting on the pipe
are the inertia forces (per unit length) and the lift force, and are given
by Equations (8.49), (8.50), and (8.51) in Dean and Dalrymple (2000).
a) Draw the direction of each force.
b) If there is a small gap between the pipe and the seafloor, draw
the direction of each force.
Figure 5
c) If the flow is a real flow field (not idealized), what additional
force is acting on the pipe? Draw the direction of this force.

Selesai.