Da42 Twin Star: Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD)

DA42 TWIN STAR
with Garmin G1000
Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD)

FNPT II (JAR-STD 3A) - FTD L5 (AC 120-45A)
TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
Version 1.0 / eng.
Egelsbach, April 2006
 2006, Diamond Simulation GmbH & Co. KG, all rights reserved
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Important Information................................................................................... 1
Summary...................................................................................................... 2
Chapter 1:Flight Deck .................................................................................. 4
Flight Deck ................................................................................................... 5
Chapter 2:Instructor Operator Station ......................................................... 7
Instructor Operator Station Features ........................................................... 8
Pages Overview........................................................................................... 9
Control Loading System (CLS) .................................................................. 23
Computer System and Peripherals............................................................ 24
Chapter 3: Simulation ................................................................................ 25
Aerodynamic and Performance ................................................................. 26
Aircraft System........................................................................................... 27
Avionic - Garmin G1000 ............................................................................ 28
Autopilot System ........................................................................................ 34
Audio & Communication ............................................................................ 35
Chapter 4:Three Channel Visual System .................................................. 36
Components and Setup ............................................................................. 37
Visual Cues................................................................................................ 38
Chapter 5: Operational Requirements, Network and Maintenance........... 41
Power and Site Layout............................................................................... 42
Network System......................................................................................... 44
Maintenance .............................................................................................. 46
Important Information
Important Information
Notice Read these instructions carefully, and look at the equipment to become
familiar with the device before trying to install, operate, or maintain it. The
following special messages may appear throughout this documentation or on
the equipment to warn of potential hazards or to call attention to information
that clarifies or simplifies a procedure.
The addition of this symbol to a Danger or Warning label indicates that an
electrical hazard exists, which will result in personal injury if the instructions
are not followed.
This is a safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential

personal injury hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this
symbol to avoid possible injury or death.
DANGER
DAN GER indicates an imminently hazar dous situation, which, if not avoided, will
resu lt in death, serious injury, or equipment damage
WARNING
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, can result in
death, serious injury, or equipment damage.
CAUTION
CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, can result in
injury or equipment damage.
1
Summary
Summary
General This document presents a technical documentation of the DA42-TDI
Synthetic Training Device (STD). This documentation avoids to replicate the
content from other documents. Instead references to further documentation
will be given if necessary.
The STD includes the following components:
• Hard- and Software Replication of DA42-TDI Flight Deck with Garmin
G1000 (original front end), Bendix/King KAP 140 Autopilot
• Enclosed Instructor Operator Station (IOS)
• Visual System (3-Channel on Cylindrical Screen) with Navigation
Database and GenView Scenary for China
Scope The DA42TDI equipment shall simulate:

• normal conditions for ground operations (limited),
• take-off,
• in-flight manoeuvres including engine failure procedures, radio
navigation, instrument approaches and landings.
Actions by the crew on the simulated controls in the flight compartment shall
interact with simulated system logics and dependencies in accordance with
this specification and the available aircraft data. The limits of flight and
systems are specified herein.
General The DA42-TDI is built where ever possible by COTS components to ensure compliance
Configuration to industry standards and maintainability.
• A cockpit layout representative for a DA42-TDI aircraft.
• An enclosed Instructor Station to give the Instructor access to the
simulation environment, as well as to a variety of training tools. A
graphic display for various information, area- and approach tracking is
also part of this facility.
• A Control Loading System (CLS) which produces aircraft configuration
dependent control feelings and control travels which respond in a
similar manner under the same flight conditions as in a DA42-TDI
aircraft.
• A simulation computer system consisting of a state-of-the-art computer
hardware, complying with the current industry standard and simulation
software.
Flight Deck/ The STD DA42-TDI consists of original aircraft parts from the airplane
Cockpit manufacturer "Diamond Aircraft". Only in partial areas, where it is for
instance necessary to technical requirements, simulator based components
will be used (e.g. circuit breakers, standby gauges, etc.). Nevertheless the
appearance and functionality is as close as possible to the original parts and
meet its requirements.
Instructor The Instructor Station will give the Instructor access to the following
Station functions:
2  2006, Diamond Simulation GmbH & Co. KG, all rights reserved
Summary
• Environment conditions
• Aircraft status
• Freeze selection
• Repositions
• Pre-selection of environmental conditions
• Malfunction selection
• Selection of visual conditions
• Navigation area selection
• Simulated ATC communication with the cockpit crew
• Selection of initial conditions
Control The dynamic Control Loading System (CLS) provides the pilot a precise, repeatable
Loading control force and natural control response. Each of the three axes (height, transverse
System and side) is subject to individual forces. A safety procedure is realized, to protect both
the user and the hardware from equipment failures and human error.
External The external visual system provides either generic or geospecific representation of the
Visual System terrain. Special emphasis is placed on the correct and detailed visualization of the
airport environment.
Computer The computer system consists of the current industry standard PC. The
System current industry standard of software is used for the operating system, as
well as for the simulation software. The hardware is running under Microsoft
Windows XP Professional. The simulation software is developed by ELITE
Simulation Solution AG, Switzerland. It is written in C++ and a spin off of the
mainstream product ELITE Pilot Version 8.0.
Certification The DA42-TDI STD may be certified by the following standards:

• JAR-STD 2A
• JAR-STD 3A
• AC 120-45a FTD Level 3/5
• CCR Part 60
JAR–STD 2A applies to those persons, organizations or enterprises (FTD
operators) seeking qualification of Flight Training Devices (FTD). FTD users
also shall gain approval to use the FTD as part of their approved training
programmes despite the fact that the FTD has been previously qualified.
JAR-STD 3A applies to those persons, organizations or enterprises (FNPT
operators) seeking qualification of Flight & Navigation Procedures Trainers
(FNPT). FNPT users also shall gain approval to use the FNPT as part of
their approved training programmes despite the fact that the FNPT has been
previously qualified.
3
Flight Deck
Chapter 1. Flight Deck
The following chapter contains information about the flight deck

segmentation and gives an equipment overview.
Flight Deck
Flight Deck
General The flight deck is designed to withstand normal loads, shocks and other conditions
incidental to normal operation, transportation and assembly. The structure is sufficiently
rigid to assure that there is no discernible movement of the DA42-TDI due to personnel
movement or control movement within the Flight Deck.
The Flight Deck is enclosed. The canopy is fabricated from clear material for an
undisturbed view to the visual scene
Panel Layout The DA42-TDI STD panel has been adopted from the original DA42-TDI. One of the
main components integrated as original front end, is the Garmin G1000 (GDU and
GMA). Beside the power supply on the lower right hand side, all other instruments will
work in general like in a DA42-TDI. Limitations to the functional scope will be described
in this document.
The panel can be divided in five functional areas:
Figure 1: DA42-TDI panel with G1000 (drawing only for depiction of scope)
1 Upper part (light control and standby instruments)

2 Left side part (engine)
3 Center part (Garmin G1000 front-end)
4 Right side part (circuit breakers)
5 Lower part (main switches, autopilot, flap control, gear control)
Remarks to functional area 1 (upper part): The STD DA42-TDI consists of original
aircraft parts from the airplane manufacturer "Diamond Aircraft". Standby gauges
however are simulator based components. Nevertheless, the appearance and
functionality is as close as possible to the original parts and meet its requirements. The
face and the pointers of the altimeter do not agree visually with the original however.
The artificial horizons have a transverse pointer to adjust the zero-position of the
horizon, there is no button to straighten up the horizon automatically however.
Instrument response rates are similar to those found in the aircraft.
Primary Flight Control stick for pitch and roll movements and yaw rudder is equipped with original
Controls components. Forces on control stick and rudder is realised in conjunction with the
Control Loading System.
5
Flight Deck
Additional There is a mechanical and electrical pitch trim and a replica of the King Bendix KAP-
Flight 140 autopilot.
Controls
Flight Deck
Chapter 2. Instructor Operator Station
This chapter contains information about the Instructor Operator Station (IOS) and gives
an overview of the equipment and functionality of it.
7
Instructor Operator Station Features
Instructor Operator Station Features

Introduction The Instructor Operator Station consists of different hard- and software parts
to control the trainees. The following overview describes the different parts.
Main The instructor station is for controlling the flight and consists of the following
Components devices:
• 19’’ TFT display (touch screen on request)
• 19’’ TFT display
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Printer
Controls The following controls are available via the Instructor station:
• Emergency stop
• Sounds
• Standard atmosphere reset
• External power switches for cockpit, control loading and visual
• Freeze (total, position and fuel freeze)
• Reposition
Parameter The instructor has access to the following pages. Parameters can be edited
Settings on the left side of the configuration monitor via touch screen, keyboard or
mouse.
• Aircraft configuration
• Meteo pages
• Map (situational configuration)
• Control page
• Malfunction
• Logbook and user management
• Lessons (Flight Training)
• Analyse
• System administration
Pages Overview
Pages Overview
Aircraft At start-up the simulator is set to a predefined intial position. The Instructor
Configuration has the possibility to load self-created state files containing aircraft loading,
cockpit Instrument settings, weather conditions, malfunctions and aircraft
position
Meteo Pages The meteorological conditions can be controlled on 3 different pages:
Figure 2: The figure shows the Weather - Miscellaneous page
The weather page contains information concerning the atmospheric

conditions in the simulated environment. Parameters such as temperature,
pressure, wind speed and direction, air turbulence etc. are variable and the
Instructor has the possibility to modify these by inserting the desired values
via the keyboard and/or mouse. The values can be specified for 3 layers in
the atmosphere. ISA standard day parameters are default values. All condi-
tions can be saved and stored within a time frame where changes occur.
Variable limits are as follows:
9
Pages Overview
Variable Limits
Temperature range -40°C to +40°C deviation from ISA temperature
Sea level pressure 27.76 to 31.27 in./Hg (also displays in HPA)
Wind direction 0° to 359°
Wind speed 0 to 60 knots
Wind turbulence level 0 to 12
Instrument Instrument approach tests can be preconfigured by CAT I, CAT II and CAT III
Approach situations:
Tests
(a) CAT I.
• Manual approach with/without flight director.
• Autopilot/auto throttle coupled approach.
• Manual approach to DH (Decision Height) and G/A all engines.
• Manual one engine out approach to DH, and G/A
• Autopilot/auto throttle coupled approach, one engine out to DH and
G/A
• Approach with minimum/standby electrical power.
(b) CAT II.
• Autopilot/auto throttle coupled approach to DH.
• Autopilot/auto throttle coupled approach to DH and G/A.
• Auto coupled approach to DH and manual G/A.
(c) CAT III.
• Autopilot/auto throttle coupled approach to land and rollout.
• Autopilot/auto throttle coupled approach to DH and G/A.
• Autopilot/auto throttle coupled approach to land and rollout with one
engine out.
• Autopilot/auto throttle coupled approach to DH and G/A with one
engine out.
Pages Overview
Figure 3: The figure shows the Weather - Wind Settings page.
There are three wind layers. Each wind layer can have its own characteristics. Wind
layers can NOT be less than 200 feet thick.
There are two "transitions zones" each 100 feet thick between the top/mid layers and
the mid/bottom layers respectively. These transition zones comprise the last 50 feet of
each layer. Depending on the parameters set in each of the wind layers, you may
experience some turbulence and changing conditions when transitioning through these
shear zones. Wind direction can be set in 10° = increments.
Wind speed in knots (0-60) may be set variable. Turbulence level 1 (light) through 12
(extreme).
11
Pages Overview
Figure 4: The figure shows the Weather - Clouds Setting page.
The “Weather - Clouds Setting” page allows modification of the visibility and cloud
types on three separate layers and enables the Instructor to create realistic weather
situations. State files recording weather settings can be created at any time and
reloaded when required.
Map Page The instructor is able to select the runway or to reposition the aircraft to any desired
map position. The map page contains all facilities and airports, based on Jeppesen
Navigational Databases. On the map page the following information are visualized:
• Aircraft position (LAT/LONG)

• Aircraft heading
• Aircraft altitude
• Indicated airspeed
• Aircraft track
• Transponder code
The navigational aids are displayed as symbols and their identifier are also visible on
screen. To prevent the map from becoming too cluttered, a feature to switch off
selected types of navigation stations from the display is available to the instructor. The
US Victor-Airways can also be shown on the map.
Pages Overview
Figure 5: The figure shows the Map page.
DA42 TDI Settings for instruments, electricity, engine and landing gear can be
Configuration adjusted on the general page. Weight and balance settings may be adjusted
on the second page.
13
Pages Overview
Figure 6: The figure shows the DA42 Configuration page.
General The administrator settings are the basic settings like Host, port and airplane selection.
Settings On the System page skins and internal variables can be set.
Pages Overview
Figure 7: The figure shows the General Settings page.
15
Pages Overview
Help Index A detailed Help Index is provided.
Figure 8: The figure shows the Help Index page.
Pages Overview
Master Index The Master Index page provides a quick access to all possible IOS settings.
Figure 9: The figure shows the Master Index page.
17
Pages Overview
Lessons Page In this page it is possible to store and create student information about or for his
lectures.
Figure 10: The figure shows the Lessons page.
Pages Overview
Simulator The Simulator Settings page comprises state, environment, map and sound settings
Settings and all necessary information.
Figure 11: The figure shows the Simulator Settings page.
19
Pages Overview
Analyse Page The Analyse page allows to monitor the selected simulation parameters during the
lecture.
Figure 12: The figure shows the Analyse page.
Pages Overview
Users - Page On the Users page various users can be managed and a logbook is kept.
Note: User and management functions are an option, which may not be installed on all
systems.
Figure 13: The figure shows the Users page.
21
Pages Overview
Malfunctions Malfunctions can be activated by clicking on the specific malfunction button. The mal-
Page functions definition dialog opens.
Malfunctions can be started immediately or can be activated by a predefined trigger
condition.
Figure 14: The figure shows the Malfunctions page.
Aircraft-State This will create a file with all aircraft related parameters such as aircraft position,
Snapshot attitude, instrument settings, failure settings, meteorological situation. This information
can be reloaded for repeating lessons or recalled for debriefing purposes.
Com System To enable communications between instructor and trainees. Hot mike communication
within the cockpit crew is audible to the instructor.
Instructor Seat An instructor seat is not part of the delivery.
Control Loading System (CLS)
Control Loading System (CLS)

General The CLS gives the pilot a realistic control feeling for the aileron, elevator and rudder
Description controls. The control loading system is controlled via a computer system, so that the
forces on the primary flight controls are automatically adjusted in accordance to:
• Flight control position
• Flight control trim setting
• Aircraft in flight or on the ground
• Autopilot inputs
• Airspeed
Safety System A safety system is incorporated to protect both the user and the STD from the hazards
of improper operation, equipment failure or power failure. The safety system does not
work during operation, thus operating limits can not be exceeded. Instead there are
Emergency STOP Buttons for deactivation of the CLS.
CAUTION
RISK OF COMPLETE DAMAGE OF T HE CONTROL LOA DING UNIT
Do not manipulate under no circumstances control loading settings
Failure to fo llo w th is inst ru ction can result in serious injury, or eq uipment damage.
23
Computer System and Peripherals

Hardware The components of the computer hardware comply with the current industry
standards. For later upgrades and/or modifications a certain amount of spare
slots are available. Via a keyboard and monitor the system operator has
access to the computer for operation and maintenance purpose. A printer is
installed as hardcopy device.
Programming Standard high level programming languages C and C++ are used for implementation of
Language the flight simulation software.
Maintenance Tools for maintenance are installed locally and can be used in a remote session.
Capabilities
Diagnostic Incorporated in the design is a diagnostic system (software) to enable verification of the
I/O device integrity as well as to identify and isolate faulty I/O channels.
Chapter 3. Simulation
This chapter describes in detail the different aspects of the DA42-TDI flight simulations.
Flight simulation comprises four fields of application:
• Aerodynamic and performance that deals with the interaction of the

airplane with the environment.
• The mechanical and electronic aircraft components.
• The original built in Garmin G1000 avionic system that gives a visual
feedback of the simulated flight.
• Audio & Communication
25
Avionic - Garmin G1000
Aerodynamic and Performance

General The aerodynamic model is a generic representation of the class of aircraft conforming
to JAR 3A (FNPT II) and FAR FTD Level 5. Basic lift and drag are computed so that the
model is broadly representative of aircraft type Diamond Star DA42-TDI performance in
normal climb and cruise.
• Lateral and directional behaviour of the model is generic.

• Stalling characteristics are generic of a docile training aircraft
Wind Effects The effect of wind from any direction, at speeds from 0 to 60 knots is realistically
simulated and controlled by the Instructor. The wind does show the correct effect on the
ground track display during in-flight operation.
Atmosphere Variation of temperature, pressure and density with altitude does follow the ISA
standard model. Variations from standard atmosphere values can be given.
Ground Simulation does include turning effects due to rudders and brakes, representative flare
Handling and touch down effects.
Take-Off and With parking brake set and applied power, proper Aircraft pitch effects are simulated.
Climb-Out During take-off, heading control is accomplished via the use of rudder.
Stalls There is full representation of the "approach to stall" and the recovery from it. Stall is
simulated by cockpit instruments and associated flight characteristics.
The influence of aircraft attitude, gross weight and configuration is also simulated.
Landing The following is simulated during the landing phase:
• Rate of descent versus speed and power setting is representative for

the class of aircraft. Wind influence is properly modelled.
• Control approach response
• Stall speeds in the approach and landing configuration
• Ground roll and deceleration
Ground effect and air-to-ground transients are representative for the class of aircraft.
Instrument Instrument responses to actual aircraft responses do reflect:

Responses
• Aircraft slip and rate of turn
• Rate of turn, as a function of bank angle and airspeed
• Attitude, altitude, rate of climb and trim changes with gear position and
flap setting changes
• Pitch attitude, as a function of gross weight and airspeed
Aircraft System
Aircraft System
Engine The engine and the associated controls and indicators are simulated as described in
System and the aircraft data. The basis for the engine and aircraft model is a DA42-TDI Diamond
propeller aircraft with Centurion 1.7 engines.
Simulation of the power plants includes

• engine start on the ground and in the air,
• normal- and emergency handling,
• acceleration,
• deceleration,
• shutdown,
• and variations of the effects of altitude, airspeed and ambient
temperature are included in the performance computations.
Characteristics for the applicable engine and their effect on the flight path are
reproduced in response to engine control selections and regarding to the general
behaviour of multi piston engine.
The engine monitoring system has the capability of depicting a realistic representation
of engine operations.
Propeller control and operation are simulated. This includes full range of pitch control,
feathering and propeller governing.
Fuel System The aircraft fuel system is simulated in accordance with aircraft data. The effects of fuel
depletion are simulated and will affect on the consumption rate. Fuel quantity indicators
are simulated according to the aircraft data.
Pitot Static The aircraft pitot static system is simulated in accordance with aircraft data.
System
Brakes The simulated aircraft brake system has a realistic force feel and also represents
asymmetrical brake functionality. Parking brake control is simulated.
Flight Control The flight controls are installed for pilot and co-pilot functions according to the available
System aircraft data. Realistic force feel and dynamic response is available for all three axes
(aileron, pitch, rudder) respectively according to available aircraft data. The
representation is according to the class of aircraft.
The simulation of trim for elevator is provided. Trim position indicators are present for
elevator and reflect system operation.
The aircraft flaps operation is simulated and affects the aircraft's performance.
Electrical Changing the status of electricity consumers in the cockpit (e. g. switching on/off
System avionics panel) are reflected in the consumption of electricity. Should the aircraft's
electrical systems run on battery only without being constantly fed by the alternator, the
battery load will decrease. Backup or redundant circuits stay active while other
instruments will become inoperable.
27

Overall The G1000-Simulation is part of the DA42 iGate based on the TDI engine configuration
Description and simulates the Integrated Cockpit Avionics Suite „G1000“.
Operating The G1000-Simulation consists of original Garmin LRUs (Line Replaceable Unit) as
Environment well as the hardware and software components of ELITE.
The original used LRUs of the G1000 system are:
Primary Flight Display (PFD) (GDU 1040)

Multi Function Display (MFD) (GDU 1040)
Audio Panel (GMA 1347)
The simulated Line Replaceable Units (LRU) of the G1000 system are:
Integrated Avionics Units (GIA 63)

Air Data Computer (GDC 74A)
Attitude Heading Reference System (GRS 77)
Magnetometer Unit (GMU 44)
Engine/Airframe Unit (GEA 71)
Transponder (GTX 33)
Additionally, the G1000-Simulation cooperates with ELITE's IOS, the Flight Controls
and the Switch Panels. The G1000-Simulation's system boundary and its environment
are shown in Figure 16.
Features • G1000 PFD functionality associated with flight instruments, NAV/COM,

ADF/DME, GPS, Annunciations and Alerts, Supplemental Flight Data
and Display Backup.
• G1000 MFD functionality associated with engine instruments, Moving
Map, Navigation Database, Topo/Terrain Database, Flight Planning
and Auxiliaries.
• G1000 Audio Panel functionality.
• Functionality of the electrical system associated with the G1000
system.
• Failure settings by the IOS.
Primary Flight Base requirements:

Display (PFD) G1000 primary flight display pilot's guide for the Diamond DA42 [1].
Implemented issues
• RAIM availability / warning set by Instructor. (Cf. 3.4)
• Aural tones (750Hz) for Warning/Caution alerts. (Cf. 3.8)
Limitations:
• Traffic Annunciation is not provided. (Cf. 3.1, 3.6)
• STRMSCP (lightning data) is not provided. (Cf. 3.3, 3.6)
• NEXRAD (weather/coverage information) is not provided. (Cf. 3.3, 3.6)
• XM LTNG (XM lighting information) is not provided. (Cf. 3.3, 3.6)
• Altitude Alerting is not provided (by Garmin). (Cf. 3.4)
• The ADF pointer is parked at the three-o'clock position if no signal is

received. (Cf. 3.4)
• Adjusting ADF volume has no effect. (Cf. 3.4)
• The transponder functionalities TIS (Traffic Information Service) and
Automated Airborne Determination are not provided. (Cf. 3.5)
• Flight ID is not provided. (Cf. 3.6
Figure 15: The diagram shows the operating environment of the G1000-Simulation.
VHF NAV/COM Base requirements: G1000 VHF NAV/COM pilot's guide for the Diamond DA40 [2].
Implemented issues
• Rx indication for COM signal reception is provided. (Cf. 4.1)
• Adjusting NAV volume (Cf. 4.1, 4.3)
• Adjusting COM volume (Cf. 4.1, 4.2)
• Adjusting ADF volume (Cf. 4.4)
Limitations:
• Rx indication for COM signal reception is only provided if ATIS is
29
received and the corresponding COM channel is selected on the Audio

Panel. (Cf. 4.1)
• COM Squelch is not provided. (Cf. 4.1, 4.2)
• Stuck Microphone detection is not provided. (Cf. 4.2)
Transponder Base requirements: G1000 transponder pilot's guide [3].
Limitations:
• Ground Mode (Airborne Detection) is not provided. (Cf. 5.2, 5.3)
• Mode-S functionality is not provided. (Cf. 5.3)
Audio Panel Base requirements:
• G1000 audio panel pilot's guide [4].

• G1000 audio panel pilot's guide supplement for the Diamond DA40 [5].
Implemented issues:
• MIC annunciator blinking during transmission
Limitations:
• ONLY the following Audio Panel controls take effect in the simulation:
COM1-MIC, COM2MIC, COM1, COM2, NAV1, NAV2, ADF, DME,
MKR-MUTE, Display Backup. All functionalities associated with other
controls are not provided. (Cf. 6A.2 ff)
• Inputs for aural warnings are not used. (Cf. 6A.2)
• Fail-Safe Operation is not provided. (Cf. p. 6A.3)
• COM SWAP is not provided. (Cf. 6A.3)
• Optional COM muting is not provided. (Cf. 6A.3)
• Muting of MKR is not provided. (Cf. 6A.3)
Engine/ Base requirements: G1000 engine indication system pilot's guide for the Diamond
Indication DA40 [6].
System
Implemented issues:
• Alternator Amps
Limitations:
• None
Multi Function Base requirements: G1000 multi function display pilot's guide for the Diamond DA40
Display (MFD) [7].
Implemented issues:
• US NAV-DB is provided. (Cf. 8A.1)
• The result of a RAIM prediction request set by instructor. (Cf. 8A.9)
• System Status for all LRUs (Cf. 8A.9)
Limitations:
• No optional equipment is provided. (Cf. 8A.1)
• Checklists are not provided. (Cf. 8A.1)
• The Jeppessen NAV-DB installed in the G1000 may differ from ELITE's
NAV-DB!
• Obstacle Database is provided for US only (by Garmin). (Cf. 8A.1,
8A.4)
• Mode S TRAFFIC is not provided, TIS Traffic Display is not provided.

(Cf. 8A.1, 8A.2, 8A.3)
• Displaying Topographic Range is not provided (by Garmin). (Cf. 8A.2)
• Topo Data, Topo Scale, Terrain Data are not configurable in the Map
Group Setup Options (by Garmin). (Cf. 8A.2)
• GPS satellites do not move. Their constellation and signal strength are
configurable but stay constant during runtime. STATUS, EPE, DOP
and HUL are constant values and not changeable nor configurable. (Cf.
8A.9)
• The result of a RAIM prediction request is always positive. The
temporary state “COMPUTING AVAILABILITY“ is skipped (except if no
GPS receiver is active). (Cf. 8A.9)
MFD Base requirements: G1000 multi function display optional equipment addendum [8].
Optional Inter-
face Limitations:
Addendum • No optional equipment is provided. (Cf. 8B.1 ff)
Annunciations Base requirements: G1000 annunciations and alerts pilot's guide for the Diamond DA40
and Alerts [9].
Implemented Issues:
• Audio Alerting is provided. (Cf. 9.1, 9.2, 9.3)
• Message Advisory Alerts ’GIA FAN FAIL' are provided. (Cf. 9.3)
• The Warning Alerts 'OIL PRES LO' and 'FUEL PRES LO' and
'ALTERNATOR' are provided. (Cf. 9.3)
Limitations:
• Message advisory alerts 'PFD/MFD are provided as REAL ERROR (Cf.
9.3)
• The caution alert 'PITOT FAIL' is not provided. (Cf. 9.3)
• System failures of 'GIA 63' and 'GEA 71' are not provided. (Cf. 9.4)
• G1000 system message advisories are not simulated. (Cf. 9.5)
• G1000 system message advisories 'BACKUP PATH' for EIS, Audio
Panel, Airdata,
• AHRS and Transponder are always displayed! (Cf. 9.5)
• (If the aeroplane is repositioned on the ELITE Host (NOT on the IOS!),
all G1000 system annunciations will draw a large red 'X' during
repositioning time. The same occurs as long as the menu selection or
any dialog/message windows are displayed. (Cf. 9.4) ) Additional
requirements associated with the IOS:
• The warning alerts 'OIL PRES LO' and 'ALTERNATOR' can be set in
the IOS's malfunction page. All other provided Warning- and Caution
Alerts are set by the simulation.
• The System Failures 'NAV1/2', 'ADF', 'DME', 'GTX 33 Transponder',
'GRS 77 AHRS', 'GDC 74 Air Data Computer' and 'GMU 44
Magnetometer' can be set in the IOS's malfunction page.
Electrical Base requirements: G1000/DA40 System Maintenance Manual (section 2.4 only) [10].
System
(G1000 Implemented issues:
related) • PFD, MFD, Audio Panel power control by ELITE
Implementation if desired:
31
• Circuit Breakers (CB): AV BUS, PFD, MFD, ENG INST, XPDR,

HORIZON, AUDIO
• Separation of MAIN TIE to ESS TIE and MAIN TIE
• Separation of GPS/NAV/COM1 / 2 to GPS/NAV1 / 2 and COMM1 / 2
Limitations:
• The following CBs are bound together: GPS/NAV1 with COMM1 ->
GPS/NAV/COM1
• GPS/NAV2 with COMM2 -> GPS/NAV/COM2
• ESS TIE with MAIN TIE -> BUS TIE
• The following switches are not provided: WITNESS WIRE SWITCH
Additional requirements associated with the IOS: All CB's can be popped using the
IOS's malfunction page.
External The ELITE-Simulator communicates with a GDU 1040 using Garmin's HSDB [11].
Interface The ELITE-Simulator communicates with a GMA 1347 using Garmin's RS-232
communication protocol [12].
Acceptance Operate the G1000-Simulation using the Pilot's Guides [1-9] and the maintenance
Criteria manual [10]
References [1]
G1000 primary flight display pilot's guide for the Diamond DA40
Document no: 190-00375-01 Rev.A, 02/14/05
Garmin International Inc., 1200E. 151st Street, Olathe KS 66062, U.S.A.
[2]
G1000 VHF NAV/COM pilot's guide for the Diamond DA40
Document no: 190-00377-01 Rev.A, 02/14/05
[3]
G1000 VHF transponder pilot's guide
Document no: 190-00382-00 Rev.B, 11/29/04
[4]
G1000 audio panel pilot's guide
Document no: 190-00378-02 Rev.A, 12/01/04
[5]
G1000 audio panel pilot's guide supplement for the Diamond DA40
Document no: 190-00379-01 Rev.A, 02/14/05
[6]
G1000 engine indication system pilot's guide for the Diamond DA40
Document no: 190-00380-01 Rev.A, 05/03/04
[7]
G1000 multi function display pilot's guide for the Diamond DA40 (Part 1 + 2)
Document no: 190-00381-01Rev.B, 01/26/05
[8]
G1000 multi function display optional equipment addendum
Document no: 190-00470-00 Rev.B, 01/21/05

[9]
G1000 annunciations and alerts pilot's guide for the Diamond DA40
Document no: 190-00376-01 Rev.A, 02/14/05
[10]
G1000 System Maintenance Manual Diamond DA40
Document no: 190-00303-03 Rev.5, 09/03/04
[11]
High Speed Data Bus Interface Control Document
Document no: 005-00149-21 Rev.F, November 30, 2004
Garmin Ltd. c/o Garmin International Inc., 1200E. 151st Street, Olathe KS 66062,
U.S.A.
[12]
G1000 Flight Simulator Interface Control Document
Document no: 190-00320-03 Preliminary ST7, 2005-03-11
Garmin Ltd. c/o Garmin International Inc., 1200E. 151st Street, Olathe KS 66062,
U.S.A.
Functional Specification
- 9 -DA40-180-G1000-iGate_FuncSpec_V1.1.sxw
WARNING
RISK OF DAMAGE OF THE GARMIN 1000 U NIT
Temperature ramp rate must not exceed 15°C per hour.
Humidity ramp rate must not exceed 30% relative humidity per hour.
Failure to f ollow t his instruction can resu lt in equip ment malfunctio n or damage.
33
Autopilot System
Overview The DA42-TDI represents an emulated autopilot of the type Bendix/King KAP 140 with
2-axis control. Display and Controls will correspond in look & feel to the original
hardware.
Functional scope:
• Altitude hold/pre-select and electric pitch trim

• Horizontal situation indicator
Audio & Communication

General A surround speaker system allows allocating sound as it can be heard in the real
airplane (3D Sound/Stereo).
Avionic The audio control system simulates:
• NAV
• COMM
• ADF
• Marker audio
Intercom - Intercom is configured interactively between pilot and instructor. The communication is
Communication independent from selected frequencies. Cockpit control of intercom is available as it per
the real airplane.
Airplane The following airplane specific sounds are simulated if audible in the cockpit:
Sounds
• Engine, propeller
• Landing gear retraction and extension
• Flaps retraction and extension
• Touchdown bumps
• System sounds like stall warning, idents etc. are present.
35
Chapter 4. Three Channel Visual

System
This chapter describes the simulation of the realistic visual scenary out of the canopy.
Different equipment or instrumentation versions are available. They are not part of this
document.
Components and Setup
Components and Setup

Components The main components are:
• Image generator (software license and computer)

• XGA-projector and projection screen
• Visual databases according to customer requirements
Hardware The standard hardware setup for a single channel visual system consists of an
Setup XGA-TFT projector with a front projection screen. The following space is required
for a standard installation (top view):
Figure 16: The figure shows the hardware setup of the curved and plane simulator.
37
Visual Cues
Visual Cues
Field of View Horizontal: 45 degrees per channel
Vertical: 30 degrees per channel
Airport • Approach lighting system

Associated • Runway lighting system
Lighting • Taxiway lighting system
Facilities • VASI / PAPI lights
• Runway End Identification Lights (REILS)
• Strobe lights
Day to Night The visual features a realistic time and light condition simulation. Sun / Moon rise and
Transition set and changing ambient light are represented correctly, based on an accurate
astronomic model
Clouds / Variable cloud layers and RVR settings possible,

Visibility controllable via modifications on Meteo page.
Runway Runways are always dry with textures

Features
Real Airport Real airport models can be programmed through the manufacturer upon request.
Models
(Optional)
Satellite Based on real digital satellite images the area around selected airports is visualised
Image with geospecific textures. The images are physical measurements of the real
Technology environment covering large areas and reflect the land cover of a region. By using data
of different sensors with different geometric properties (i. e. Landsat Thematic Mapper
data with 25 m,
SPOT 3/4 data with 10 m or even aerial photographs with down to 1 m geometric
resolution) user's needs can be taken into account. The manufacturer can generate
detailed visual sceneries upon request.
Digital Terrain Elevation data of global coverage is used for the terrain representation. If high accuracy
Models is required the manufacturer will acquire elevation data with higher resolution
respectively will locally densify the global model upon request.
The pre-processed remote sensing data and elevation models are input to the
visualisation engine.
Database GenView™ uses a medium resolution digital elevation model and low resolution
GenView™ textures to represent the environment. The runway environment consists of approach
lights, centreline lights, edge lights, PAPI/VASI according to NavData specifications.
The position of the taxiways as well as the lighting of the taxiways (green for centerline,
blue for edge lights) are drawn generic.
Visual Cues
Figure 17: Example of the GenView ™ (Central Switzerland) map.
Figure 18: Example of the GenView ™ (Central Switzerland) map.
39
Visual Cues
Optional The RealView™ External Visual System is based on the ViRGIS project
Database (Virtual Reality Geographic Information System) by the Federal Institute of
RealView™ Technology Zurich. The aim of ViRGIS is the real-time visualisation of large
geographic datasets. Accordingly, RealView™ External Visual System
creates a realistic model of the geographic scenery by utilising a real-life
digital elevation model and satellite images. All images are pre-processed
with technology provided by the Remote Sensing Laboratories (RSL) of the
University of Zurich. A grid of digital elevation values is used to create the
basic terrain model, satellite images are draped over this terrain.
A complex “level of detail” concept is required to cope with the large amounts of data
required for this approach. Both the terrain model and the satellite textures are adapted
to achieve the best image quality without compromising excellent system performance.
Visual Cues
Chapter 5. Operational Requirements,

Network and Maintenance
This chapter contains information about the operational requirements to work with the
DA42-TDI STD and gives some information about the networking and the maintenance.
41
Power and Site Layout

Site Layout The operator should consider the following properties of the site:
Property Description
doors and corridor shall allow transport to final

Access operating place/room for boxes with a maximal size
of 2,00m (width) x 2,80m (length) x 2,60m (height).
5,00m (length) x 5,0m (width) x 3,00m (height) this

includes the mockup (open canopy), instructor station
Dimensions with enclosure and includes a mounting unit for the
visual projection system and a visual projection
canvas (panorama screen).
750kg - 1.000kg (depends on the kind of system

configuration, in particular the Control Loading
Weight
System). The load capacity on the final operating
place should be taken into account.
Table 1:Site layout and requirements
Power Supply All interfacing equipment (transformers, inverters, etc.) is provided by the manufacturer.
The following power supply is required by the STD and must be arranged by the
operator:
Input Voltage: 110/230V, 50-60Hz, grounded
Consumer Load
Simulator 2.0 kW
Control Loading Unit 2.0 kW
Visual System (3 Channel) 2.0 kW
Total 6.0 kW
Table 2:Power consumption
Function Range
Recommended operable
15°C - 25°C
temperature
Accepted operable temperature 10°C - 30°C
Humidity (Operating) 20% - 85% (non-condensing)
Table 3:Environmental Conditions

To allow control for temperature and humidity it is recommended to use an appropriate
air-conditioning system.
For best operation direct daylight should be avoided in the room where the STD is
setup. Depending on certification additional requirements up to darkroom must be
considered.
The STD is built with COTS parts and therefore a usual noise level according to the
multiple units (approximately 12 - depending on configuration) with cooling fans for e.g.
hard disks shall be considered. If desired, a noise insulation should be installed
additionally.
43
Network System
Network System
Remote Remote Access is optional and depending on maintenance contract. For the purpose of
Access service communication an internet connection must be configurable for the host
system. This can be achieved by the following hardware options that are not included
with the STD.
• ISDN, analog or DSL Modem

• TCP/IP Network Socket (Ethernet)
Remote In case of a software failure the simulators can be administrated by a remote

Service service connection.
Connection The simulators can be accessed and managed by a TCP/IP network. The
following IP-addresses are reserved for the different devices:
Figure 19: The figure shows the configuration for one simulator with remote service
connection (Example S/N 5005)
A network range from 192.168.100.2 to 192.168.100.254 with a subnet mask of

255.255.255.0 allows the following segments. The addresses 192.168.100.1 (gateway)
and 192.168.100.255 (broadcast) are reserved.
Network System
Segment IP-Range Segment IP-Range
5001 .10-.29 5009 .90-.109
5002 .30-.49 5011 .110-.129
5003 .30-.49 6xxx .130-.149
5004 .50-.69 6xxx .150-.169
5005 .70-.89 7xxx .170-.189
Table 4:The following shows the defined segments and IP-Ranges
45
Network System
Maintenance
Overview The user has to ensure the service intervals to guarantee the functionality of the
simulator. The DA42-TDI STD Maintenance Manual helps the user to ensure that the
service intervals will be executed.
DANGER
If yo u fail to o bserve th e mainenance interval it will result in deat h, seriou s
inju ry or equ ipment d amage.
Take care that the DA42-T DI will not be activated or used if the maintenance interval
is exceeded.
Index
Aircraft Configuration ........................................................................................................................................ 9

Aircraft-State Snapshot................................................................................................................................... 22
Airplane Sounds.............................................................................................................................................. 35
Airport Associated Lighting Facilities.............................................................................................................. 38
Analyse Page.................................................................................................................................................. 20
Annunciations and Alert .................................................................................................................................. 31
Atmosphere..................................................................................................................................................... 26
Audio Panel..................................................................................................................................................... 30
Autopilot System ...........................................................................................................................34, 42, 44, 46
Avionic............................................................................................................................................................. 35
Avionic - Garmin G1000 ................................................................................................................................. 28
Brakes ............................................................................................................................................................. 27
CAT I ............................................................................................................................................................... 10
CAT II .............................................................................................................................................................. 10
CAT III ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
Certification ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
Clouds / Visibility............................................................................................................................................. 38
Communication System .................................................................................................................................. 22
Computer System ............................................................................................................................................. 3
Controls............................................................................................................................................................. 8
DA42 TDi Configuration.................................................................................................................................. 13
Database GenView™ ..................................................................................................................................... 38
Database RealView™..................................................................................................................................... 40
Day to Night Transition ................................................................................................................................... 38
DE42-TDI .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
DH ................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Diagnostic ....................................................................................................................................................... 24
Digital Terrain Models ..................................................................................................................................... 38
Engine System and Propeller ......................................................................................................................... 27
Engine/ Indication System .............................................................................................................................. 30
Field of View ................................................................................................................................................... 38
Flight Control System ..................................................................................................................................... 27
Flight Controls ................................................................................................................................................... 6
Flight Training Device ....................................................................................................................................... 2
Fuel System .................................................................................................................................................... 27
G/A .................................................................................................................................................................. 10
Garmin G1000 ................................................................................................................................................ 25
Ground Handling............................................................................................................................................. 26
Hardware......................................................................................................................................................... 24
Hardware Setup .............................................................................................................................................. 37
Instructor Seat................................................................................................................................................. 22
Instrument Responses .................................................................................................................................... 26
Intercom - Communication.............................................................................................................................. 35
Landing ........................................................................................................................................................... 26
Lessons Page ................................................................................................................................................. 18
Maintenance Capabilities................................................................................................................................ 24
Malfunctions Page .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Map Page........................................................................................................................................................ 12
Meteo Pages ..................................................................................................................................................... 9
MFD ................................................................................................................................................................ 31
Multi Function Display (MFD) ......................................................................................................................... 30
Operating Environment ................................................................................................................................... 28
Parameter Setting ............................................................................................................................................. 8
Pitot Static System.......................................................................................................................................... 27
Power consumption ........................................................................................................................................ 42
Power Supply.................................................................................................................................................. 42
47
Index
Primary Flight Controls......................................................................................................................................5

Primary Flight Display (PFD) ..........................................................................................................................28
Programming Language..................................................................................................................................24
Real Airport Models.........................................................................................................................................38
Remote Access .........................................................................................................................................42, 44
Remote Service Connection ...........................................................................................................................44
Runway Features ............................................................................................................................................38
Safety System .................................................................................................................................................23
Satellite Image Technology.............................................................................................................................38
Simulation........................................................................................................................................................25
Simulator Settings ...........................................................................................................................................19
Site Layout ......................................................................................................................................................42
Stalls................................................................................................................................................................26
Take-Off and Climb-Out ..................................................................................................................................26
Transponder ....................................................................................................................................................30
Users - Page ...................................................................................................................................................21
VHF NAV/COM ...............................................................................................................................................29
Visual System..................................................................................................................................................36
Wind Effects ....................................................................................................................................................26

Da42 Twin Star: Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD)

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DA42 TWIN STAR

with Garmin G1000

Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD)

Egelsbach, April 2006

This is a safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential

Scope The DA42TDI equipment shall simulate:

Certification The DA42-TDI STD may be certified by the following standards:

Chapter 1. Flight Deck

The following chapter contains information about the flight deck

1 Upper part (light control and standby instruments)

Chapter 2. Instructor Operator Station

Instructor Operator Station Features

Meteo Pages The meteorological conditions can be controlled on 3 different pages:

Figure 2: The figure shows the Weather - Miscellaneous page

The weather page contains information concerning the atmospheric

Temperature range -40°C to +40°C deviation from ISA temperature

Sea level pressure 27.76 to 31.27 in./Hg (also displays in HPA)

Wind direction 0° to 359°

Wind speed 0 to 60 knots

Wind turbulence level 0 to 12

Figure 3: The figure shows the Weather - Wind Settings page.

Figure 4: The figure shows the Weather - Clouds Setting page.

• Aircraft position (LAT/LONG)

Figure 5: The figure shows the Map page.

Figure 6: The figure shows the DA42 Configuration page.

Figure 7: The figure shows the General Settings page.

Help Index A detailed Help Index is provided.

Figure 8: The figure shows the Help Index page.

Figure 9: The figure shows the Master Index page.

Figure 10: The figure shows the Lessons page.

Figure 11: The figure shows the Simulator Settings page.

Figure 12: The figure shows the Analyse page.

Figure 13: The figure shows the Users page.

Figure 14: The figure shows the Malfunctions page.

Instructor Seat An instructor seat is not part of the delivery.

Control Loading System (CLS)

Computer System and Peripherals

• Aerodynamic and performance that deals with the interaction of the

Aerodynamic and Performance

• Lateral and directional behaviour of the model is generic.

Landing The following is simulated during the landing phase:

• Rate of descent versus speed and power setting is representative for

Instrument Instrument responses to actual aircraft responses do reflect:

Simulation of the power plants includes

Avionic - Garmin G1000

The original used LRUs of the G1000 system are:

Primary Flight Display (PFD) (GDU 1040)

Integrated Avionics Units (GIA 63)

Features • G1000 PFD functionality associated with flight instruments, NAV/COM,

Primary Flight Base requirements:

• The ADF pointer is parked at the three-o'clock position if no signal is

received and the corresponding COM channel is selected on the Audio

Transponder Base requirements: G1000 transponder pilot's guide [3].

• G1000 audio panel pilot's guide [4].

• Mode S TRAFFIC is not provided, TIS Traffic Display is not provided.

• Circuit Breakers (CB): AV BUS, PFD, MFD, ENG INST, XPDR,

Garmin International Inc., 1200E. 151st Street, Olathe KS 66062, U.S.A.

• Altitude hold/pre-select and electric pitch trim

Audio & Communication

Avionic The audio control system simulates:

Chapter 4. Three Channel Visual

Components and Setup

• Image generator (software license and computer)