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iron man has been frozen in a block of The other avengers arrive, but none of them
Ice by the villain, Loki. know how to free Iron man…

Any ideas?
Nope.
I have a friend who
can help!

The avengers visit Thor’s friend, Jackson,

and explain the situation… Is it the
stuff in food that It’s a goo
helps us move inside
around? batteries.
It’s the stuff
inside us that keeps us
So, what do you know
alive, right?
about energy?
So, can you help
us? Sure!

Great ideas, but all you need Energy makes things

to know is… change!

Energy changes an Energy changes

unmoving car into a Energy changes
a dark room into a
moving car! seeds into plants!
bright room!
 I think I get it!
How does this help us rescue Energy changes
How is heat a type of
Iron Man? things, right? Well…
energy?
Well, heat is a type
of energy, and it will
Heat changes
helps us rescue Iron
raw meat into cooked
Man. meat!

Which means heat is an

So heat causes things energy - heat energy!
to change.
Correct!
Heat Heat changes wood
changes wet clothes into charcoal!
into dry clothes!

Can you think of some things

that make heat energy? Good thinking!

Rubbing your Lighting a

hands together match.
The sun! really fast!

Brainstorm different ways that

heat energy is made.
 He’s right, I
Now, what I’m about to tell you might seem But… what about ice-cream? don’t believe it!
unbelievable, but it’s true… It’s so cold.
EVERYTHING has heat energy!

Well, things are hot when they have lots of heat

energy, and cold when they have only a little heat
energy. There is only a little heat energy
There is a lot of heat energy in fire,
in ice-cream, so it’s cold.
so it’s hot.

This is blowing
my mind!

Yep! So everything has heat energy,

huh? Amazing!

Understand?

Create a T-chart that lists things

with lots of heat energy and things
with only a little heat energy.
 Heat energy can move, or
transfer, from one place to
another!
How? Does heat energy…
have… legs?

Nope, allow me to
demonstrate…

The Avengers and Jackson travel to

the kitchen…
Put the egg into the cold
water.
This is a
freshly boiled Yow! This egg really
egg. Careful, it’s is hot!
very hot!

A few minutes later… What

What do you about the
I think the water will get hot, The egg?
think will I think the egg will get like the egg.
cold, like the water. water got
happen? warm!
 That’s because it has less
heat energy now.

You see, heat energy can transfer from

one place to another!

It’s not hot anymore,

just warm.

Ahh! So because the egg … the heat

Heat energy always transfers from had more heat energy energy transferred from
where there is more, to where there is than the water… the egg to the water until
less. they both had the same
Check out his diagram! amount!

We’re so
Thats right! clever!

Using a thermometer, a stopwatch,

and a shallow bowl of water, record
how long it takes for the heat energy
in your hand to transfer into the
water. How long did it take? By how
much did the temperature change?
 So, the ice trapping Iron Man has
heat energy, but only a small amount.
That heat energy can transfer to
Hang on, there’s one more thing
something else, but how does that help
to learn!
us free Iron Man?

A moment later… This is a roll of

delicious chocolate!
Correct! Now, this chocolate
is currently a solid.

Now, does this

chocolate have heat
Yum! energy? What’s a solid?
Where did he get that
giant robot from?!
Yep!

But I’ve seen

chocolate that is all
runny.
Solids are
materials that…

Ah, yes, you’re

describing liquid
chocolate.
 We can change
this chocolate from a
solid to a liquid by
transferring more heat
energy into it.
Liquids are
materials that…

After a few minutes…

We’ll need hot water and the

Avenger Jet. The chocolate is a
liquid now!

Hold it there!

The buildup of heat

See, the heat energy energy in the chocolate
transferred from the water to the changes it from a solid into
chocolate because it had more, a liquid!
while the chocolate had less.

If we put the liquid

chocolate into cold
water…
 That is so cool!

…and because the

chocolate now has less heat
energy, it becomes a solid
again!

…the heat energy

transfers from the chocolate
to the water…

Different materials require

different amounts of heat energy to change
states.

With your class and teacher, create a fair

test to find the fastest way to change
chocolate from a solid to a liquid.

Jackson! I think I know how If we transfer more

to free Iron Man now! heat energy to the ice it
will become warmer, and
become a liquid - then Iron
Ice has very little heat energy, Man will be free!
so it’s cold and solid.
 Hot water coming up!
Correct! Good job, Black Widow! Let’s rescue Iron Man!

Thanks!

Heat Transfers
energy into the
Now we wait. from ice…
the hot
water…

Will it work?

Iron Man is ready for

transport!

Causing it Until all Back at Jackson’s

to change of the ice house…
from a becomes I’m free!
solid to a water!
liquid… We couldn’t
Good job, have done it without
Avengers! Jackson! He taught us so
much about heat
We did it! energy!
Hooray for Let’s move, Avengers! We
have to find Loki! Bye, Jackson!
Jackson! You have my Don’t mention it,
Thanks for
I just helped, guys. thanks, Iron Man.
everything!
It was a team Jackson.
effort.

Until next time,

Avengers!

With your class and teacher, design a fair test

to investigate how different solids react to an
increase in heat energy.
Iron Man has been frozen in a block of ice by the
villain, Loki! If the Avengers are going to be able
to save Iron Man, they’re going to need to learn
about heat energy with the help of their friend,
Jackson. Join the Avengers as they learn all about
heat energy, and work towards rescuing Iron
Man!