Book 17 Lessons 1-4 Skill: Grammar Building

ELT: Miller
Type of Activity: Self-guided review
Instructions: Read over grammatical concepts and try to build new sentences
based on the paradigms
Learning Objectives: For the student to review and further familiarize himself
with the grammar in Book 17.

ALC Book 17 Grammar Guide

Lesson 1
What does it _________ like?
It VERB like ...
looks A leaf.
tastes chocolate ice
sounds cream?
It feels like a doorbell.
smells soft cotton.
seems The coffee is
burning
his idea will work.
appears, seems + to be...
SUBJECT appears to be * ADJECTIVE (tired, worried, scared,
seems happy, etc)
* Preposition + NOUN (in a hurry)
* NOUN (a good doctor)
* ______ing… (sleeping, trying very hard)
1) The boys seem to be glad about their exam scores.
2) The workers appear to be out of the office.
3) Messi seems to be the best soccer player.
4) The class appears to be studying for the quiz.
 Passive Voice
Active Voice: The cadets cleaned the classroom.
Passive Voice: The classroom was cleaned (by the cadets).
Active Voice
Subject Verb Object ...
The mechanic fixed John’s car yesterday.
Passive Voice
Subject be + VERB 3 (by + Noun) ...
was by
John’s car was fixed by the mechanic yesterday.
Examples
Passive Voice Active Voice
(1) The road was closed (by the police). (1) The police closed the road.
(2) The cadets were let out early (by the (2) The Major let the cadets out
Major). early.
(3) The gate was left open. (3) Someone left the gate open.
Adjectives: number-noun

amount - noun ADJECTIVE Examples:

1) We divided the class into five-man
1) five - man five-man team teams.
2) two - week ten-day vacation 2) The cadets get a two-week vacation
3) forty - hour forty-hour work for Hajj.
week 3) Most jobs have a forty-hour work
week.
4) fifteen - minute fifteen-minute 4) After the quiz, take a fifteen-
break minute break.
5) one - liter one-liter bottle 5) Jeff ordered a one-liter bottle of
water.
 Lesson 2
Embedded yes/no questions with be
**embedded means inside of something**
Direct Is the bank open ?
Question
Question Could you tell whether the bank is open ?
me if
Statement I don’t know .
Examples: (1) Direct Question: Is the bank open?
Embedded Question: Do you know whether/if the bank is
open?
(2) Direct Question: Is it hot outside?
Embedded Question: Could you tell me whether/if it’s hot
outside?
(3) I can’t tell you whether/if the bank is open.
(4) We don’t know whether/if the weather it’s hot outside.

Embedded yes/no questions with Present Simple

Direct Does the shop take credit cards? ?
Question
Question Could you tell whether The shop takes credit ?
me if cards
Statement I don’t know .
**Make sure to delete do/does and ADD -s to the verb for he/she/it**
Examples: (1) Direct Question: Does the bank close early on Saturday
Embedded Question: Do you know whether/if the bank closes
early on Saturday?
(2) Direct Question: Do you have to work tomorrow?
Embedded Question: Could you tell me whether/if you have to
work tomorrow?
(3) I don’t know whether/if the bank closes early on Saturday.
(4) I will find out in the morning whether/if I have to work tomorrow.
 Embedded information (wh-) questions
Direct Where is the post office ?
Question
Question Could you tell where the post office is ?
me
Statement I can show you .
Examples: Q: Could you tell me when graduation is?
S: I don’t know when graduation is.

Q: Do you remember where KFC is?

S: No, I have no idea where KFC is.
**if/whether*what*when*where*how*who/
whom*whose*which**
Verb + Object + Adjective
SUBJECT VERB OBJECT Adjective
Jeff likes his room Warm.
Examples Q: How does Sara like her coffee?
: A: She likes her coffee black.

Q: How does Nick want his chicken cooked.

A: He wants his chicken cooked spicy.

Q: Why doesn’t Bill like onions?

A: Because they make him sick.

Lesson 3
Tag Questions
Tense Positive Question, Negative Question, Positive
Negative Tag Tag
Present Simple She works hard, doesn’t She doesn’t work hard, does
she? she?
Present Perfect You’ve lost your keys, You haven’t lost your keys,
haven’t you? have you?
Present He is running, isn’t he? He isn’t running, is he?
Continuous
Be with an They’re tired, aren’t they? They aren’t tired, are they?
adjective
 Showing Contrast: although, though, even though
Conjunctions of Information clause , Clause with surprising
Contrast information
Although the sign says no parking , Dave parked next to it.
Though
Even though
Examples: (1) Although it’s hot today, I’m not sweating very much.
(2) Though the exam seemed difficult, everyone who studied
passed.
(3) Even though he was sick, he still went to work.
Short Embedded Questions
Main Embedded question clause To-infinitive phrase
clause
what I should do what to do
.
where we can leave when to leave
I don’t
know how I could fix it how to fix it ?
who/whom we could ask who/whom to ask
Do you
know which bus I can take which bus to take
whose plan we should follow whose plan to follow
Lesson 4
so & too
be Jeff is studying so is John.
John is too
do/does Laura runs quickly and so does Mike.
Mike does too.
have/has Rick has been to Dubai twice so has Robert.
Robert has too.
either & neither
be + not Jeff isn’t studying neither is John.
John isn’t either.
Do + not Laura doesn’t run quickly and neither does Mike.
Mike doesn’t either.
Have + not Rick hasn’t ever been to neither has Robert.
Dubai Robert hasn’t either.
 Passive Voice: MODAL + be + VERB 3
SUBJECT MODAL be VERB 3 …
1) The won’t released early today.
cadets might/might not be taken until Tuesday
2) The should/should not smoked at TSI
exam
3)
Cigarettes
Verbs: Adjective + -en
Adjective Verb Example
short + -en shorten My sleeves are too long. I need to shorten
them.
dark + -en darken The weather darkened, and it started to rain.
soft + -en soften New shoes are uncomfortable. You wear them
to soften them.
sad + -en sadden We were all saddened by the bad news.
fat + -en fatten Sheep are fattened before they are sold as
meat.