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COURSE THC 6 : PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND APPLIED

ETHICS
DEVELOPER AND FERDINAND Y. SILARAN
THEIR jayson_pj@yahoo.com.au
BACKGROUND Cluster Leader

PRINCES CAROL L. FELICIANO

Member
COURSE This course describes the skills, knowledge and performance
DESCRIPTION outcomes required to develop the ability of students to become
professionals in their field by undertaking the ideas of improving
one’s personality and ways on how they are going to be valued in
the business industry by means of presenting their ideas like
company meetings, professional networking, interviews and
through proposals of services considering the proper collaboration
to their associates and portraying professional business ethics. It
also teaches writing skills and emphasize in verbal communication
and company potentially and stability to develop a strong and
effective career pathway. (CMO No. 62 Series of 2017)
COURSE OUTLINE I – Introduction to Professional Development
II – Image Management
III – Professional Ethics In Hospitality Management
IV – Business Etiquette
V – Techniques In Professional Development Phase I
VI – Techniques in Professional Development Phase II
VII – Techniques in Professional Development Phase III
VIII – Techniques in Professional Development Phase IV
CHAPTER # V
TITLE TECHNIQUES IN PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PHASE I
RATIONALE Human are different in not only appearance, but also the moral
qualities, intellectual, personality, and psychological. Awareness of
individual differences between people, whether children or adults
as old as the creation of man, since man first, when they lived in
caves or forests, were fully aware of each other's different and have

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 different reactions they showed. The major causes of individual
differences are in a variety of mental processes, talent, creativity,
personality, motivation, gender and cultural environment-social.
Human are different in personality, family context and cultural field.
These differences are due to different processes and have different
characteristics, mental processes and behavior that affect makes
people have different intellectual personalities. Accept individual
differences in growth patterns of psycho – social, causes everyone
fits his personality, thinking styles and his behavior with expected
conditions.
Hence, interpersonal relationships are important for your overall
physical and emotional happiness. Relationships help fight
loneliness while also giving you a sense of purpose in life.
All interpersonal relationships are built on loyalty, support, and
trust. Close relationships may also be built on love. Mutual respect
and reciprocation of these qualities is important in maintaining all
your relationships. Otherwise, the relationship can become one-
sided.
On the other hand, intellectual growth is all about learning. It is
about how individuals organize their minds, ideas and thoughts to
make sense of the world they live in. The area of intellectual
development is: Language development – helps us to organize
thoughts and make sense of the world around us. What are
inherited abilities.
INSTRUCTION TO This module should be completed within 2 weeks.
THE USERS If you set an average of 1.5 hours per meeting, you should be able
to complete the module comfortably by the end of the assigned
week.
Try to do all the learning activities in this module . If you do not get
a particular exercise right in the first attempt, you should not get
discouraged but instead, go back and attempt it again. If you still
do not get it right after several attempts then you should seek help
from your friend, tutor or professor.
PRE-TEST Answer the question:

ELICIT

In your own opinion, how can we measure the intellectual

capacity of one person?

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LEARNING After going through this module, you are expected to:
OBJECTIVES a) Define what intellectual attributes is.
b) Enumerate types of intelligence.
c) Explain how to develop and handle interpersonal
relationships.
d) List and identify the techniques in gaining intellectual
growth.
(A) Intellectual Attributes of Personality

Types of Intelligence

The research carried out identifies the existence of areas in the

human brain that correspond to certain spaces of knowledge, all of
which are distinct and relatively independent of each other. Here
are the eight types of intelligence explained one by one.

1. Logical-mathematical intelligence

Their problem-solving ability is very striking and is often related to

a type of non-verbal intelligence, i.e. they can know the answer to
a certain problem long before they verbalize it. Children with this
type of intelligence are good at solving mysteries or brain teasers,
doing puzzles, logic exercises, counting or doing calculations,
computer problems and playing strategy games.

2. Linguistic intelligence

Children with this type of intelligence are skilled and have

preferences for activities such as reading, talking, telling stories
and jokes, writing poems, learning languages and playing word
games.

3. Spatial Intelligence

This type of intelligence shows patterns that prove the kid’s

capacity to think in three dimensions. People who develop spatial
intelligence are good at solving spatial problems such as drawing
and painting, reading maps, looking at pictures, solving mazes, or
playing construction games.

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4. Musical Intelligence

It is typical of children with an innate ability to learn different

sounds, which translates into a great ability to sing, listen to music,
play instruments, compose songs, enjoy concerts and follow
different rhythms. This type of intelligence may notice off-key notes
that others do not and can easily memorize songs and tunes.

5. Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence

It is the ability to use the whole body in the expression of ideas and
feelings, and the facility in the use of the hands to transform
elements.

Children who show kinesthetic intelligence are good at dancing,

acting, imitating gestures or expressions, playing sports, running,
moving and jumping.

6. Intrapersonal Intelligence

It distinguishes those who know themselves best. These children

like to work independently, set goals and focus on achieving them,
understand their feelings and know their strengths and
weaknesses.

7. Interpersonal Intelligence

As opposed to intrapersonal intelligence, it is common among kids

that are good at talking, working in teams, helping others,
mediating conflicts and meeting new people.

8. Naturalistic intelligence

Related to the attraction towards environmental issues, plants and

animals. People with this kind of intelligence enjoy doing activities
such as camping, hiking, caring for animals, learning about nature,
recycling and caring for the environment.

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Factors Affecting Intelligent Behavior

Factor – a circumstance, fact, or influence that contributes to a

result or outcome. A number or quantity that when multiplied with
another produces a given number or expression.

Intelligence – is the sum of total of all cognitive processes and skills.

It refers to the ability of an individual to learn from experience, to
reason well, and to cope with the demands of social living. Topics
called “higher-order” forms of cognition-concept formation,
reasoning, problem solving, and creativity, as well as memory and
perception are related to human intelligence.

*Human intelligence – is the ability to acquire, recall, and use

knowledge to understand concrete and abstracts concepts,
relations among objects and ideas, and to use knowledge in a
meaningful way.

Nature – how much does our intelligence depend on our genes?

For more than a century, researchers have been studying how
much our genetic legacy influences our intelligence. After all that
time, they've determined that our genes do influence intelligence
and IQ. (40-80%)
our brain structure and functionality -- both biological factors --
contribute to our level of intelligence. Using brain imaging,
neuroscientists have identified differences in brain structure,
specifically differences in our parieto-frontal pathways that seem to
affect our intelligence positively (or negatively, depending on the
brain). Well- functioning pathways correlate to better brain
functioning, brain efficiency and information processing, which all
point to better IQ scores.

Early Nutrition – as it turns out, you really are what you eat. And
what your mom ate during her pregnancy. Prenatal and early
nutrition are linked to brain structure, behavior and, yes,
intelligence. The greater nutrition in the foods we eat, especially for
males in the weeks just after birth, the greater the size of the
caudate -- that's the part of our brain that specializes in learning and
memory -- and the greater our verbal IQ scores. And the effects also
seem to apply to babies whose prenatal diets were rich in long-

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chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as DHA (docosahexaenoic
acid).
When pregnant and lactating women have diets rich in these fatty
acids, their offspring are more likely to score higher on intelligence
and achievement tests at ages 4 and 7.

Nurture – it is how much nature versus nurture affects human

intelligence is a long-studied and long- debated topic. The term
"nature" refers to how genetics and heritability influence our
intelligence, and "nurture" describes how certain environmental
factors affect our intelligence. These factors include everything from
our family's parenting style and home environment to how we're
educated and the experiences we have throughout our lives.
Researchers often study twins who've been separated at birth to
understand further the roles nature and nurture play in human
intelligence. They theorize that if intelligence is purely biological,
identical twins separated at birth should still have equal IQs. But
that's not always the case, they find. While you may be genetically
predisposed to an average intelligence level, a quality education
and life experiences may enable you to turn an average IQ into a
great one over a lifetime.

Birth Order – people have been studying whether or not birth order
affects human intelligence for more than a century, yet we're still
just not sure. For years, it was believed that firstborns and older
children in families were more intelligent than their younger siblings.
And there are more firstborn children who've become space-bound
astronauts, U.S. presidents and Nobel Prize winners than kids with
older siblings.
Why? Families with just one child may have more time and financial
resources to put toward educating that child. Recent studies,
however, observe that it may not be intelligence -- our potential for
learning, understanding and reasoning -- that's affected by birth
order, but rather our IQ (intelligence quotient). IQ tests measure our
intelligence aptitude and compare us to our peers. Firstborn
children, on average, score three points higher on IQ tests than their
closest, next-born siblings

*Birth Order and Personality, researchers continue to study if, how

and why birth order affects our intelligence, they're also looking at

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how birth order affects our personalities. They've found that
firstborn children tend to be perfectionists and people- pleasers,
while their younger siblings are often more extroverted and
sociable.

Environment – we may be genetically predisposed to a certain brain

volume, structure and pathways -- a certain level of intelligence set
by our biology -- but how much we achieve isn't based in biology
alone. The type of life we lead also affects intelligence.
Environmental factors, such as the diet we eat, the toxins we're
exposed to both in the womb and as we age, and even the
neighborhood we choose to live in -- be it dangerous or safe -- all
influence how genes are expressed in our lives.
Let's use cigarette smoke as an example. Exposure to the toxins in
cigarette smoke -- while in the womb and throughout a lifetime -- is
known to lower our intelligence quotient, decreasing IQ scores by
more than seven points when compared to individuals who aren't
exposed to cigarette smoke [source: American Friends of Tel Aviv
University]. Such environmental factors are thought to influence our
intelligence levels throughout our lives.

Ways To Make Effective Decision Making

Decision Making - is like the air we breathe. It’s invisible,

inescapable, and indispensable and never should be taken for
granted. How does this happen? Everyday human beings are
bombarded with loads and load of choices and information to sort
through. To perform in this world of haste, we must be able to
analyze and then act upon seemingly infinite hoard of stimuli.
Moreover, in fact, we are wonderfully equipped to do just that. The
equipment that is being discussed is what we call decision-making.
What is decision-making? According to Ferguson’s (1998) Webster
Illustrated Contemporary Dictionary an Encyclopedic Edition, “It is
the process by which decisions are made, especially important
decisions affecting others and made by virtue of one’s office or
position: The power of ability to make decisions of consequences.”

*Please click the link below, for further discussion

https://www.umassd.edu/media/umassdartmouth/fycm/decision_m
aking_process.pdf

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(B) Interpersonal Relationships
A strong bond between two or more people refers to interpersonal
relationship. Attraction between individuals brings them close to
each other and eventually results in a strong interpersonal
relationship.

Must have in an Interpersonal Relationship:

Individuals in an interpersonal relationship must share

common goals and objectives. They should have more or
less similar interests and think on the same lines. It is
always better if individuals come from similar
backgrounds.
Individuals in an interpersonal relationship must respect
each other’s views and opinions. A sense of trust is
important.
Individuals must be attached to each other for a healthy
interpersonal relationship.
Transparency plays a pivotal role in interpersonal
relationship. It is important for an individual to be honest
and transparent.

Relationship between friends:

Friends must be honest to each other.
Stand by your friends at times of need.
Avoid leg pulling, criticism and making fun of your friends.
Try not to mix friendship with love as it creates problems
and misunderstandings.

*Interpersonal relationship between children and their parents,

brother and sister, immediate family members or relatives revolve
around trust, commitment and care.

Different Types of Interpersonal Relationships

When two individuals feel comfortable in each other’s company

and decide to be with each other, they enter into a relationship.

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A close association between individuals who share common
interests and goals is called interpersonal relationship.

Individuals who are compatible with each other enter into an

interpersonal relationship. People must gel well for a strong and
healthy relationship.

Let us go through the various types of interpersonal relationship:

(1) Friendship
Friendship is an unconditional interpersonal relationship where
individuals enter into by their own sweet will and choice.

Friendship is a relationship where there are no formalities and

individuals enjoy each other’s presence.

Friendship can be between:

Man and a woman

Man and man
Woman and woman

Must have in friendship:

Transparency is the most essential factor for a stable

friendship. Do not hide things from your friends. Be
honest to them.

Guide them whenever required. Never give them any

wrong suggestions or advice.

Feelings like ego, jealousy, hatred, anger do not exist in

friendship.

The entire relationship of friendship revolves around trust

and give and take. No relationship can be one sided and
same with friendship. Try to do as much as you can for
your friends.

(2) Love

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 An interpersonal relationship characterized by passion, intimacy,
trust and respect is called love.

Individuals in a romantic relationship are deeply attached to each

other and share a special bond.

Must have in a Romantic relationship:

Two partners must trust each other in this relationship.

A sense of respect and mutual admiration is essential.

Partners must reciprocate each other’s feelings for the

charm to stay in the relationship for a longer period of time.

Case - 1
Marriage happens when two individuals in love decide to take their
relationship to the next level.
Marriage is a kind of formalized relationship where two individuals
after knowing each other well decide to enter the wedlock and stay
together life-long through thick and thin.

Keys to a successful marriage:

1) -Understanding
2) -Love
3) -Passion
-Intimacy
-Respect
-Trust

Case - 2
Two individuals might love each other but decide not to get married.
They are often called as boyfriend and girlfriend. They may or may
not stay together. If they stay together without formally getting
married, they are said to enter a live in relationship.

Individuals staying at far off places but in a relationship are said to

be in a long distance relationship.

Case - 3

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Individuals not getting along might decide to end the relationship for
a better future.

(3) Platonic Relationship

A relationship between two individuals without any feelings or

sexual desire for each other is called a platonic relationship.

In such a relationship, a man and a woman are just friends and do

not mix love with friendship.

Platonic relationships might end in romantic relationship with both

the partners developing mutual love and falling for each other.

(4) Family Relationship

Individuals related by blood or marriage are said to form a family.

(5) Professional Relationship (Work Relationship)

Individuals working together for the same organization are said to
share a professional relationship.

Individuals sharing a professional relationship are called

colleagues. Colleagues may or may not like each other.

(C) Strategy in Gaining Intellectual Growth

What is intellectual growth?

Cognitive or intellectual development means the growth of a child's

ability to think and reason. It is about how they organize their minds,
ideas and thoughts to make sense of the world they live in. Begin
to reason and argue, uses words like why and because.

Eight simple steps to increase your intellectual wellness

1) Read for fun.

It may be hard to do when you are spending most of your time doing
required homework and readings, but try to find time during the
morning, night, or weekend to sit down and read something for fun.
Reading, especially something you enjoy, can improve your intellect

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by stretching your mind to think about things you normally don’t
think about!

2) Debate an issue with a friend, but choose the viewpoint

opposite the one you hold.
Sounds tricky, right? That’s the point! Focusing attention on
information that is different than your beliefs can improve
intellectual wellness. Naturally, we tend to only focus our attention
on opinions, beliefs, and facts that hold true to our viewpoints. When
you expose the mind to opposing ideas, it expands the mind to
grasp new information.

3) Improve your skills for studying and learning.

Learning new things about the way your mind processes
information can be a vital tool to helping you succeed.

4) Learn a foreign language.

Learning a foreign language can be beneficial to your intellectual
health and your employment prospects. When learning different
ways to communicate, your mind expands. This not only helps with
being receptive to new knowledge, but also helps broaden
information already learned.

5) Play a game.
Board games and cards are popularly known as leisure activities.
These activities can also help with your intellectual wellness. The
next time you have free time, pick up a deck of cards or pull out a
board game and play! It makes no difference whether you are
playing alone or you are playing with others. As long as your mind
is thinking, improvements are being made.

6) Play a musical instrument.

Music has a powerful impact on our minds. Playing a musical
instrument can increase intellectual wellness by learning how to
create sounds, make patterns, and emote through music. Any
instrument can work to increase intellectual wellness, so start today
and take up a new hobby.

7) Write down your thoughts or journal frequently.

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 Taking the time to write down thoughts or journal frequently can
help those who struggle with expressing their feelings or in general
for anyone who is trying to make sense of what they are feeling
inside. Being able to identify your feelings and understanding
yourself more and your actions increase intellectual wellness by
exposing your mind to deeper thinking.

8) Do crossword or sudoku puzzles.

Crosswords and Sudoku are leisure activities that have proved to
increase intellectual wellness. Working through puzzles or finding
words in patterns uses a great amount of brain power. Increasing
your ability to work through these activities can maintain and build
your intellectual wellness.
DEVELOPMENTAL Click the link and watch the video, and make 2 separate reflection
ACTIVITIES paper

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7-rYp-BQJQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBONhpoVKlc

CLOSURE
ACTIVTIES
EXPLAIN

1. List and discuss the types of intelligence.

2. How does environment affect the behavior of one person?
3. Summarize the strategies on how to gain intellectual
growth.

ELABORATE

Make an essay with a title “The Teacher-Student

Relationship as an Interpersonal Relationship”. Not more
than 500 words.

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 EXTEND

Sample Interpersonal Questions You probably won't be

asked all of them, but you should prepare thoroughly
anyway: (Select 3 questions and be ready for oral
interview)

What difficulties do you experience in getting along with others?

What kind of people do you like to work with?

Who is the best teacher you have with and why? Who was the
worst and why?

Tell me why you would be a good team player.

If your credibility were questioned, how would you react?

What do people criticize about you? Are their concerns valid?

Describe the kind of individuals who are difficult for you to work
with.

How would you rate your effectiveness in relating to others? Do

you feel it is a natural talent for you?

What causes you to be short fused or impatient with others?

What challenges do you face getting along with others?

What personal characteristics are necessary for success?

If you could change one thing about yourself, what would that be?

Who had the most influence on your career? On your life? Why?

Who was the best colleague you have worked with and why? Who
was the worst?
What makes you effective in small groups?

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SYNTHESIS / Summarizing the Big Ideas in this Chapter
GENERALIZATION
Types of Intelligence

1. Logical-mathematical intelligence

Their problem-solving ability is very striking and is often related to

a type of non-verbal intelligence, i.e. they can know the answer to
a certain problem long before they verbalize it.

2. Linguistic intelligence

Children with this type of intelligence are skilled and have

preferences for activities such as reading, talking, telling stories
and jokes, writing poems, learning languages and playing word
games.

3. Spatial Intelligence

This type of intelligence shows patterns that prove the kid’s

capacity to think in three dimensions.

4. Musical Intelligence

This type of intelligence may notice off-key notes that others do not
and can easily memorize songs and tunes.

5. Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence

It is the ability to use the whole body in the expression of ideas and
feelings, and the facility in the use of the hands to transform
elements.

6. Intrapersonal Intelligence

It distinguishes those who know themselves best. These children

like to work independently, set goals and focus on achieving them,
understand their feelings and know their strengths and
weaknesses.

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7. Interpersonal Intelligence

As opposed to intrapersonal intelligence, it is common among kids

that are good at talking, working in teams, helping others,
mediating conflicts and meeting new people.

8. Naturalistic intelligence

Related to the attraction towards environmental issues, plants and

animals. People with this kind of intelligence enjoy doing activities
such as camping, hiking, caring for animals, learning about nature,
recycling and caring for the environment.

Must have in an Interpersonal Relationship:

Individuals in an interpersonal relationship must share

common goals and objectives. They should have more or
less similar interests and think on the same lines. It is
always better if individuals come from similar
backgrounds.
Individuals in an interpersonal relationship must respect
each other’s views and opinions. A sense of trust is
important.
Individuals must be attached to each other for a healthy
interpersonal relationship.
Transparency plays a pivotal role in interpersonal
relationship. It is important for an individual to be honest
and transparent.

Eight simple steps to increase your intellectual wellness

1) Read for fun.

It may be hard to do when you are spending most of your time
doing required homework and readings, but try to find time during
the morning, night, or weekend to sit down and read something for
fun.

2) Debate an issue with a friend, but choose the viewpoint opposite

the one you hold.

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 Naturally, we tend to only focus our attention on opinions, beliefs,
and facts that hold true to our viewpoints. When you expose the
mind to opposing ideas, it expands the mind to grasp new
information.

3) Improve your skills for studying and learning.

Learning new things about the way your mind processes
information can be a vital tool to helping you succeed.

4) Learn a foreign language.

Learning a foreign language can be beneficial to your intellectual
health and your employment prospects. When learning different
ways to communicate, your mind expands.

5) Play a game.
Board games and cards are popularly known as leisure activities.
These activities can also help with your intellectual wellness.

6) Play a musical instrument.

Music has a powerful impact on our minds. Playing a musical
instrument can increase intellectual wellness by learning how to
create sounds, make patterns, and emote through music.

7) Write down your thoughts or journal frequently.

Taking the time to write down thoughts or journal frequently can
help those who struggle with expressing their feelings or in general
for anyone who is trying to make sense of what they are feeling
inside.

8) Do crossword or sudoku puzzles.

Crosswords and Sudoku are leisure activities that have proved to
increase intellectual wellness. Working through puzzles or finding
words in patterns uses a great amount of brain power.

EVALUATION A strong interpersonal intelligence can help you in your career,

personal relationships and even romantic life. In this video, you will
go over the interpersonal skills you need to know to get ahead in

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 work and life. Please watch and apply what you have learned by
means of short film (3-4 minutes)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib09GqWP5rY
ASSIGNMENT / Click the link and watch the video, make a brief reflection paper.
AGREEMENT https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwrC5oGuf0s

REFERENCES Personality Development by Charo L. Bayani. et. al. Philippine

Copyright @2009 by Mutya Publishing House, Inc.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7-rYp-BQJQ

https://www.slideshare.net/mariavictoriaobar/factors-affecting-
intelligence

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffENfRZiak4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9o4i3Xnxn4

https://www.umassd.edu/media/umassdartmouth/fycm/decision_
making_process.pdf

https://www.managementstudyguide.com/interpersonal-
relationship.htm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2n3iAuGyyrI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwrC5oGuf0s

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248940159_The_teache
r-student_relationship_as_an_interpersonal_relationship

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib09GqWP5rY

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