Adc8niEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT a.

conditioning or learning by association

Introduction b. Imitation
A. roles of the emotions in the child's life
Characteristics of childhood emotionality
1. Add pleasure
1.Childrens emotions are briefs.
2.Serve as a motivation
2.Childrens emotions are intense.
3.Prove to be a handicap to
3.Childrens emotions are transitory.
the child
4. Children’s emotions appear frequently.
B. KINDS OF EMOTION
5. Children’s emotional responses are
1. Unpleasant emotions different. 6.Emotions can be detected by
a. Fear b. Anger c. Jealousy symptoms of behavior.
2. Pleasant emotions 7.Changes in strength of emotion.
a. Affection c. Joy 8.Changes in emotional expressions.
b. Happiness d. Curiosity
COMMON EMOTIONAL PATTERNS OF
PATTERN OF EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT CHILDHOOD.
according to spitz ;
I-FEAR-valuable to a child when not intense
0 month- no pleasure
and it serves as a warning of dangers.
1-2 months-pleasure and displeasure
6 months-emotion take Origins of fears
leads 9-10 months- jealousy *Sometimes children are unaware of their
take leads 12 months- fears and experience a state of anxiety or a
disappointment, anger, love, sympathy, generalized form of fear.
friendliness, enjoyment and possessive
sense of property. *Three types of fear:
a. Learned fear
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IS DUE TO: b. Acquired fear through imitation
c. Fear that comes as an aftermath of some
1. MATURATION-when a certain emotional
unpleasant experiences, as fears of doctors,
reaction does not appear early in life it
dentists, etc.
because the intelligence of the child is not
yet matured. Common fears of babyhood in general,
are:
2. LEARNING-Not born w/ innate emotional
1. Loud noises
responses to any specific stimulus but learn
2. Animals
to respond emotionally as a result of
3. Strange persons, places or objects
Experiences. Learning may take a form of:
4. Dark rooms
5. High places
6. Sudden displacement
7. Being alone
8. Pain
Fear responses:
1. Attempt to withdraw from the object
that roused it.
2. Whimpering
3. Crying
4. Sudden and temporary holding of the
breath.
2. Effective ways of eliminating fears:
1. Give the child an opportunity to become
acquainted w/ the feared stimulus of his
own accord.
2. Lead him gradually into contact w/ the
thing he fears.
3. Encourage him to acquire skills that will
be of specific aid to him in dealing w/ the
feared situation.
4. Build up pleasant associations with the
feared object.
5. Verbal explanations and reassurance,
combined w/ a practical demonstration of
the harmlessness of the feared object will
be a help for the elimination of fears.
6. Social imitation in w/c the child is given
an adult model of fearlessness.
7. Opportunity for self-expression w/c will
lead to self-scrutiny and personal
reorientation.
Ineffective techniques of eliminating
fears:
1. Ignoring the child's fears.
2. Coercing the child to come in contact w/
the feared situation by physical force,
scolding's, ridicule, or invidious comparison.
3. Completely removing the causes of the
fear for the time being.
4.Verbal appeal to the child to be brave.
II-WORRY-An Imaginary form of fear.
Worries are present among older children.
They are the product of the child's
imagination rather than the direct
response.
Common worries centers on:
*Home and family relationships
*School problems like;
 Being late for school
 Failing tests
 Being scolded and punished by the
teacher
 School reports
 Being left behind in school
III-ANGER-
A.Is more frequent emotional response
that fear because;
1. there are more anger provoking than fear
provoking.
2. they discover at an early age that anger is
a good way to get attention or to satisfy.
B. Older children experience more
frustration than younger children
Frustration-is the feeling of helplessness,
disappointment, inadequacy, or anxiety
that comes whenever any drive is blocked.
Stimuli to anger:
1.Those involving body restraint
2.Interference w/movements the child
wishes to make either by others or by his
own inabilities.
3.Blocking of activities already in progress
4.Thwarting of wishes, plans, and purposes
child wants to carry out.
Two classification of fears:
1.Impulsive expression-responses directed
outward against a person or object that has
angered the child.
2.Inhibited expressions-are kept under
control or bottled up w/in the child.
Anger responses:
 In babies, crying, screaming, kicking,
and twisting his whole body are
common responses.
 Later he hits, bites, or does
anything he can to harm anyone or
anything in his actions toward the
person or object that has angered
him.
4.Jealousy
-jealous person feels insecure in his
relationship with a loved one and is afraid
of losing status in that persons affection.
-jealousy always leads to unhappiness on
the part of the individual who experiences it
and it also leads to maladjustments of a
minor or major degree of seriousness.
Stimuli to jealousy;
1.Preparation for the arrival of a new baby
in the household.
2.Age differences among siblings.
3.Schoolmates who are more successful in
school work and sport or more friends than
they have.
4.Pets of the teacher
5.As the child grows older, he is jealous of
other children who live in a larger house
than his. Jealous
responses;
1.Aggression or hostility against the rival,
or, in extreme cases against everyone.
2.Identification with the rival, as seen in
regression in infantile way.
3.Withdrawal from the beloved person.
4.Repression, especially by an I don’t care
attitude.
5.Masochism, especially around the age of
puberty, as seen in the self-pity of the
martyr.
Jealous reactions may be direct or indirect
Direct reactions –are aggressive in form and
consist of attacks by hitting, kicking, biting,
pushing, punching, or scratching the person
.Sometimes these attacks causes a real
danger. Indirect reaction- are reversions
to infantile forms of behavior , as
bedwetting and thumb sucking; bidding for
attention in the form of fears never before
experienced or food idiosyncrasies’ general
naughtiness; destructivess.
5.Joy, pleasure, delight
-Joy, w/c in its milder forms is known as
pleasure, delight, or happiness, is a positive
emotion, because the individual
experiencing it makes no attempt to
remove the situation giving arise to it.
Stimuli to joy are;
1.Physical well being
2.Incongruous situations
3.Play on words
4.Slight calamities
5.Sudden or unexpected noises
Responses in joy;
1.Smiling 2. Laughing
3.Relaxed stated of the
entire body
6. Affection -is an emotional reaction
directed towards person or thing.
-child affections are learned and not innate.
-later, the child learns to love people
outside the home who recognize him as an
individual. These outside people are his
friend.
Stimuli to affection;
1.Parents who express their affection to the
child.
2.Parents who play most w/ them.
3.Parents who punish the children the least.
Affectionate responses;
-Hugging
-Patting
-Kissing
 Baby at 5mos-response by gazing on
persons face, holding out and
waving their arms, trying to raise
their bodies, smiling, and turning
their trunks.
 6mos-he responds by reaching for
the loved ones face and by mouth
fondling.
 Children show their affection by
verbal expression.
 School age child shows his affection
for others wanting to be w/ them,
doing things w/ them and coming to
them w/ his problems.
7. Curiosity
-starts after three months of life.
-he is interested not only in materials but in
people
-manners of dressing
-difference between boys and girls
Responses in curiosity;
-Young babies-tensing the face muscles,
opening the mouth, stretching out the
tongue and wrinkling the forehead.
-6mos-stretching the body, learning toward
the object and grasping for it.
-3 yrs old-form of questions already.
-Child is old enough-curiosity is satisfied
through reading.
Factors influencing emotionality
1.Fatigue 6.Family relationships
2.Poor health 7.Level of aspiration
3.Time of day
4.Intelligence
5.Social environment

CHAPTER VII

EMOTIONAL
DEVELOPMENT

Reported by: Lenie A. Escobal

Prof. Ramon Legaspi
Subject: Psychology Child and adolescence development