What is History?

HISTORY –Theory

-Practice

HISTORIAN – Who writes about history.

- Different epistemology
- Have Certain Ideologies

HISTORIOGRAPHY / HISTORIOGRAPH – Study of history

History Changes while Past cannot Change(Two different things)

3 KJ

 You cannot go back to the history, you can just visit it from different form of Medias.
 Is about how the historian understand or interpret the past (Author’s Biases) so it’s not 100% true and
accurate.
 Historians give only importance to the fragments and some parts of the history. They only highlight
events. Therefore there work is considered limited.

(NOT EVERYTHING FROM THE PAST IS WORTHY TO BE IN HISTORY)

To fit together (history & past)

 Epistemology – how and what you know about things. (Basically Knowledge.)
 Ontology – The existence of reality. (how you give meaning)

Historians undergo METHODOLOGY- How historians write the history.

Lenses of History / Ideologies

1. FEMINISM/IST
 The advocacy of women's rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes.
 Came into being as women began writing accounts of their own and other women's
lives. 
2. POLITICAL THEORY
 How the playing of powers affect the history.
3. ANNALES SCHOOL OF HISTORY
 France
 “Long dure” Long term SOCIAL STUDIES.
 Focusing on people who participated in a certain event.

4. THE POSITIVISM
 No documents / no evidences means NO HISTORY.

Sources of History (depending on its purpose)

1. PRIMARY SOURCES- immediately publish on the time.

 E.g DIARY, AUTO BIOGRAPHY, BIRTHCERTIFICATE
2. SECONDARY SOURCES- produce after primary.
 E.g ARTICLES, JOURNALS
3. TERTIARY- combination of primary and secondary.
 E.g DICTIONARY, ENCYCLOPEDIA

EXTERNAL CRITISICM – Physical Characteristic

INTERNAL CRITISICM- Base Content