The Malolos Republic

Chapter 12
Dictatorial Government
• Aguinaldo decided to established a
Filipino government in the wake of his
military services.
• He had a draft of a plan for the
establishment of the revolutionary
government, prepared by Mariano
Ponce.

• Consul Wildman:
– Advised Aguinaldo to establish dictatorial government in which could lead to
republican government similar to that of the United States.

• Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista:

– Aguinaldo’s first adviser, who also told him to form a dictatorial
government.

• May 24, 1898:

– Aguinaldo issued a decree for a formally establishing the
Dictatorial Government which nullified the orders issued under
the authority of the Biak-na-bato Republic.
Treaty of Enemy
• May 29, 1898
– One of Aguinaldo’s first acts as a dictator, urging the
people to stop the disgraceful treatment of Spanish
prisoners.

• June 1
- Aguinaldo issued another order and providing that all
classes of crimes were to be tried by competent military
tribunals.
Declaration of Independence
• June 5, 1898
– Aguinaldo issued a decree setting aside June 12 as the
day for proclamation of Philippine Independence.

• Julian Felipe
-Composer from Cavite, who showed the draft of
composition entitled Marcha Filipina Magdalo which was later
changed to Marcha Nacional Filipina.

• June 12, 1898

– Proclamation of the independence day of the Philippines
at Cavite el Viejo (Kawit).

• Philippine National Flag

– Made in Hongkong by Marcella Agoncillo, Lorenza
Agoncilla, and Delfina Herboza.
• Act of Declaration of Independence
– Prepared by Ambrosio Riamzares Bautista, signed by 98
people, however was promulgated on August 1..
Apolinario Mabini
• Adviser of Aguinaldo, his two titles were
– Dark Chamber of the President
– Brains of the Revolution
Reorganization of Local Governement

• Decree of June 18, 1898

– Provided for the reorganization of local government in
those provinces that already freed from Spanish control.

• Poblacion (Town)
-Electors were to elect town,chief, headman for each barrio,
3 delegates: for public and internal order, for justice and civil
registry, and taxes and property.

• Popular Assembly
– Town Chief : President
– Headman: Vice President
– Delegate for Justice and Civil Registry: Secretary.

• Revolutionary Congress
– Proposes measures concerning the preservation of
internal order and external security of these lands.
Administration Of Justice
• Outlined in a supplementary decree of June 20,1898.
• Town chief was automatically the judge of the town.
Revolutionary Government
Four Departments were created:
1. Department of Foreign affairs, Navy and Commerce
2. Department of War and Public works
3. Department of Police and Internal Order, Justice, Education, and Hygiene
4. Department of Finance, Agriculture, and Manufacturing Industry.

• July 15,1898:
– Aguinaldo made his first Cabinet Appointments.
– Baldomero Aguinaldo: Secretary of War and Public works
– Leandro Ibarra: Secretary of the Interior
– Mariano Trias: Secretary of Finance

• Cayetano Arellano:
– Offered the secretaryship of foreign affairs, but he declined, foreign
illness, although actually he was in sympathy with the Americans and
would not, therefore give his services to the Filipino Government.

• September 28, 1898:

– Aguinaldo increased the number into six departments.
– FOREIGN AFFAIRS, WAR, INTERIOR, WELFARE, JUSTICE,
TREASURY
MALOLOS CONGRESS
• Revolutionary Congress at Barasoain, Malolos
• September 04 : He appointed 50 delegates to the congress
• September 10: The number of delegates was increased to 10 and
the Congress fluctuated from time to time. (60 delegates)
• September 15: The Basilica of Barasoain was filled with delegates
and spectators.
• Banda Pasig : Played the National Anthem
• Felipe Buencamino: Wrote Aguinaldo’s speech.
• Officers:
– President : Pedro A. Paterno
– Vice President: Benito Legarda
– First Secretary : Gregorio Araneta
– Second Secretary : Pablo Ocampo