PHILIPPINE FIRST REPUBLIC

MALOLOS CONGRESS
- Also known as the Revolutionary Congress
- On July 18, 1898, President Aguinaldo issued a decree asking for the election of
delegates to the revolutionary congress, another decree was promulgated five
days later. (INSERT PIC NI AGUINALDO)

- On September 15, 1898 the Malolos Congress was held on Barosoain Church,
Malolos, Bulacan. (Insert pic)

- 85 Filipinos met in a revolutionary congress most of them are “Illustrados”

- Pedro Paterno was the president of the Malolos Congress (insert pic)

- The first task of the Malolos Congress was to draft a constitution needed
for the formation of a republic.

- There two constitutional plans that are considered by the Revolutionary

Congress:

1. Paterno plan based on Spanish Constitution

2. Calderon plan based on the Constitution of France, Belgium, Costa Rica,
Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Brazil
MALOLOS CONSTITUTION

- On November 29, 1898 the Congress approved the constitutional plan of Felipe
Calderon a famous Filipino lawyer (insert pic)

- The constitution was approved by President Aguinaldo on December 23, 1898

and promulgated on January 21, 1899

- January 23, 1899 was the inauguration of the First Philippine Republic or the
Malolos Republic at the Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan with Aguinaldo as
its first president

- The first Republican Constitution in Asia

- Felipe Agoncillo was given the task of persuading the US government to

recognize the Malolos Republic

 President- Emilio Aguinaldo

 Department Secretaries War- Baldomero Aguinaldo
 Interior- Leandro Ibarra
 Foreign Affairs- Cayetano Arellano (later replaced by Mabini)
 Finance- Mariano Trias
 Justice- Gregorio Araneta
 Welfare- Felipe Buencamino
THREE BRANCHES OF THE GOVERNMENT
1. Executive power vested in the President elected by the legislature. Assisting the
President was the cabinet or Council of the Government.
2. Legislative power was exercised by the unicameral Assembly of Representatives,
whose members are directly elected by the people.
3. Judicial power was vested in the Supreme court of Justice and such other courts as
may create by
The Work of the Malolos Republic
1. The first concerns were the education. On October 1898, the Literary University of
the Philippines. Additionally, Burgos Institute was established
2. War tax was imposed on all Filipinos from the age of 16 to 60 which will be used to
support the operation of the government
3. Armed Forces were organized to secure the safety of the republic
 El Heraldo de la Revolucion was a newspaper established by General Emilio
Aguinaldo’s revolutionary government’s official publication on September 1898
 La Independencia was the most famous and most important paper of the
Revolution.
 La Republica Filipina hoped to achieve national unity under a democratic
Philippine Republic.
- Filipinos disintegrated with the capture of its officials Buencamino in November and
Mabini in December 1899, Paterno in April 1900. Aguinaldo himself was captured in
Palanan, Isabela, on March 23, 1901, a day after his 32nd birthday. When he took the
oath of allegiance to the United States nine days later, the First Philippine Republic
came to an end.

References:
 https://prezi.com/jltoh2ilqplz/the-first-philippine-republic/?
frame=20e98da9b32fbf532ea5c6b11afa3e1b0519fd89
 https://www.slideshare.net/jam18/philippine-republic
 https://www.philippine-history.org/malolos-congress.htm
 https://www.coursehero.com/file/38545838/Chapter-8-9-Phil-His-Reviewerdocx/