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Electrochemistry - Notes & Krafts by Dani
Electrochemistry - Notes & Krafts by Dani
1
Solving for Oxidation Numbers • Hydrogen is a diatomic element;
therefore, the oxidation number is still
• Assign oxidation number to the elements in 0.
the compound.
• Write an algebraic expression based on the Balancing Redox Reactions
given. The element with the missing oxidation
number will serve as x. • The Ion-electron method is used in balancing
• Equate the expression into the charge of the redox reactions.
ion. • The Ion-electron method is used in balancing
• Solve the equation. redox reactions.
Example 2: 𝑍𝑛 → 𝑍𝑛2+2𝑒 −
2. 𝐶𝑟2 𝑂7 2− 𝑒 −𝐴𝑔+ → 𝐴𝑔
• 2𝑥 + 7(−2) = −2
• 2𝑥 + (−14) = −2 Step 4: Add the two half-reactions and balance the
• 2𝑥 = 14 + (−2) final equation. Th electrons must cancel on both half-
2𝑥 12
• = reactions. It can be multiplied to a number to
2 2
• 𝑥=6 equalize the number of electrons.
𝑍𝑛 → 𝑍𝑛2+2𝑒 −
• The element with missing oxidation number
is Cr.
(𝑒 − 𝐴𝑔+ → 𝐴𝑔)2
• There are 2 Cr elements, therefore, it is 2x 𝑍𝑛 + 2𝐴𝑔+ → 𝑍𝑛2+ + 2𝐴𝑔
plus the product of 7 oxygens and its
oxidation number (-2).
• The equation is equal to the charge of the
ion, -2. Step 5: Check if the equation has same number and
• Solve the equation accordingly. type of atoms as well as same number of electrons
on both sides
Example 3 and 4:
2
Examples: Under Basic Conditions
2. 𝐴𝑙 + 𝐶𝑢2+ → 𝐴𝑙3+ + 𝐶𝑢
2. 𝐼 − + 𝐶𝑙𝑂3 − → 𝐼3 − + 𝐶𝑙
3+ −
2(𝐴𝑙 → 𝐴𝑙 + 3𝑒 )
3(2𝑒 − + 𝐶𝑢2+ → 𝐶𝑢 3(3𝐼 − → 𝐼3 − + 2𝑒 − )
2𝐴𝑙 + 3𝐶𝑢2+ → 2𝐴𝑙3+ + 3𝐶𝑢 6𝑒 − + 3𝐻2 𝑂 + 𝐶𝑙𝑂3 − → 𝐶𝑙− + 6𝑂𝐻 −
3𝐻2 𝑂 + 𝐶𝑙𝑂3 − + 9𝐼 − → 𝐶𝑙− + 3𝐼 − + 6𝑂𝐻 −
3
Electrodes Corrosion Process
Pnemonics
Corrosion
• Applying Paint
• Using a protective film, such as a metal oxide
to form on the surface.
• Galvanizing, or coating the steel with zinc