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___ Kenya
View of Mount Kilimanjaro from Amboseli National Park in southern Kenya. The dormant volcano is
located in Tanzania
Image: Sergey Pesterev

Flag of Kenya
Location map of Kenya

Destination Kenya, a country in East Africa bordering the Indian Ocean in south east, neighboring
countries are Ethiopia, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.

With an area of 580,000 km², the country is somewhat larger than Metropolitan France or slightly more
than twice the size of the U.S. state Nevada.

Kenya has a population of 46 million people (2015). Spoken languages are Swahili and English (both
official), and numerous indigenous languages mainly Kikuyu and Luhya.

Largest and most populous city and the national capital of Kenya is Nairobi. Second largest city and the
country's chief port is Mombasa.

Republic of Kenya

Country Profile

Background:

Revered president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence until his
death in 1978, when 2nd President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI took power in a constitutional succession.

The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National
Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure
for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from
power in elections in 1992 and 1997, which were marred by violence and fraud, but are viewed as
having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. President MOI stepped down in December of
2002 following fair and peaceful elections. Mwai KIBAKI, running as the candidate of the multiethnic,
united opposition group, the National Rainbow Coalition, defeated KANU candidate Uhuru KENYATTA
and assumed the presidency following a campaign centered on an anticorruption platform.
(Source: CIA - The World Factbook)

related countries: United Kingdom

Republic of Kenya

Background:

Revered president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence until his
death in 1978, when 2nd President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI took power in a constitutional succession.

The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National
Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure
for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from
power in elections in 1992 and 1997, which were marred by violence and fraud, but are viewed as
having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. President MOI stepped down in December of
2002 following fair and peaceful elections. Mwai KIBAKI, running as the candidate of the multiethnic,
united opposition group, the National Rainbow Coalition, defeated KANU candidate Uhuru KENYATTA
and assumed the presidency following a campaign centered on an anticorruption platform.

(Source: CIA - The World Factbook)

related countries: United Kingdom

Law enforcement in Kenya

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to navigationJump to search

Kenyan policeman in Nairobi

There are a number of law enforcement organisations in Kenya, with the main organ being the National
Police Service. This Service was established in 2011 under Article 243 of the Constitution of Kenya.

The Service is under the overall and independent command of the Inspector-General who is appointed
by the President and approved by Parliament. The National Police Service in Kenya employs up to
100,000 police officers and paramilitary personnel.

Composition of the National Police Service

(1) The Kenya Police Service as established under Article 243 (2) (a) of the Constitution of Kenya.

(2) The Administration Police Service as established under Article 243 (2) (b) of the Constitution of
Kenya.

(3) The Directorate of Criminal Investigations as established under Section 28 of the National Police
Service Act, 2011.

(4) The Internal Affairs Unit as established under Section of the 87 (9),(10) of the National Police Service
Act, 2011.

Kenya Police Service

The Kenya Police Service (KPS) is the primary law enforcement agency in Kenya. It is commanded by
Deputy Inspector-General (DIG) who reports to the Inspector-General in the National Police Service,
fields about 65,000 officers. The General Service Unit (GSU) is a paramilitary wing of KPS and has around
10,000 personnel.

This regular police service is backed up in rural areas by the Kenya Police Reserve (KPR).

Administration Police Service

The Administration Police (AP) 25,000 strong, report to the Deputy Inspector General- APS. The AP
started out as the native police who reported to the local village headman.[1] In 1929 this was
formalised by the Tribal Police Ordinance which also provided for their training under the oversight of
the regional agents.[1]

Today the Administration Police is tasked with protective and border security as well as combating cattle
theft and containing banditry.

Directorate of Criminal Investigations

Directorate of Criminal Investigation is a semi autonomous directorate of the National Police Service
responsible for investigating complex cases. It is commonly referred to by the initials CID. It is headed by
a Director who reports to the Inspector General of Police. Due to the sensitivity of the position, the
Director of the CID is appointed by the President of Kenya. The current Director is George Maingi Kinoti
who was appointed by President Uhuru Kenyatta on 5 January 2018 to replace Ndegwa Muhoro. Before
his appointment he was previously the National Police Spokesman based in the office of the Inspector
General of Police. The CID headquarters are located on Kiambu Road, Nairobi.

General Service Unit

The General Service Unit (GSU) initially known as the Kenya Police Emergency Company, was established
by the colonial government to battle Mau Mau freedom fighters (rebels) during the fight for Kenya's
independence.[2] It now has around 10,000 paramilitary of which 2,000 are trained by Israelis (Recce
group) that forms most of the Presidential guard, VIP and Diplomatic protection.

Departmental Agencies

Inspectorate Vehicle Machakos County

Kenya Wildlife Service

Kenya Wildlife Service is a state corporation with a paramilitary wing is responsible with wildlife
conservation and general protection. It consists of the trap unit, air wing unit, anti-poaching unit, scout
unit, wildlife intelligence unit, wildlife protection unit and of late dog unit. It is headed by the Director of
the Kenya Wildlife Service. During Richard Leakey's tenure as director in the early 1990s poaching was
almost eliminated, but gradually enforcement relaxed and poaching again became a problem with
significant killings of endangered species beginning about 2001, especially affected were the black
rhinos.
The Kenya Forest Service

Kenya Forest Service (KFS) employs rangers to protect the forests and enforce revenue measures.
Among their duties the rangers enforce the eviction of squatters from the forests.

National Youth Service (NYS)

Finally, the National Youth Service, which is administered by the Office of the President, provides some
paramilitary training to young job trainees and numbers about 15,000.

Kenya Prisons Service

Kenya Prisons Service (KPS) is a department within the Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National
Government. As a uniformed and disciplined entity, KPS is established under the Prisons Act Cap 90 and
Borstal Institutions Act Cap 92 Laws of Kenya. KPS is headed by the Commissioner General of Prisons
(CGP).

Kenya Prisons Service contributes to public safety and security by ensuring there is safe custody of all
persons who are lawfully committed to prison facilities, as well as facilitating the rehabilitation of
custodial sentenced offenders for community reintegration.

The current prisoners’ population stands at 54,000 of whom 48% are pre-trial detainees whilst the
remaining ones are sentenced prisoners. The staff establishment stands at approximately 22,000,
consisting of uniformed officers.

National Intelligence Service

Main article: National Intelligence Service (Kenya)

National Intelligence Service (Kenya) (NIS) was previously known as the National Security Intelligence
Service (NSIS) [3] which had its origins in "Special Branch" a department of the national police that was
created in 1952 under the British administration.[4] Among other things it provided intelligence during
the Mau Mau Uprising.[4] In 1963 with independence approaching Special Branch was made
independent from the police and in 1969 it was given a new charter.[4] It wasn't until 1986 that it was
transformed into the Directorate of Security Intelligence (DSI).[4]
In 1998, a new act of Parliament in Kenya established the National Security Intelligence Service (NSIS) to
replace the former Directorate of Security Intelligence which at the time was still colloquially known as
"Special Branch".[5] The first director general (DG) of the new service was retired Brigadier Wilson A.C.
Boinett who served until 2006, when he was replaced with Major-General Michael Gichangi.[4] In
January 2011 Gichangi was appointed to a second five-year term.[6]

NSIS's intelligence gathering work includes: internal, external and strategic intelligence. The NSIS is
charged with identifying conditions that threaten Kenya's political, economic and social stability. It
develops techniques and strategies to neutralise such threats. The NSIS director is the national security
advisor to the president of Kenya.[4]

The NSIS was relocated from the notorious offices of Special Branch at Nyati House to new headquarters
on the outskirts of the city, near the Windsor Golf and Country Hotel. In April 1999, the Moi government
appointed Mrs Pamela Mboya, the former Permanent representative to the Habitat, to head a
Committee that was charged with formulating a scheme of service for NSIS officers.[citation needed]

Security of tenure given the director general of NSIS is designed to protect him from such abuse by
members of the governing elite. He has the opportunity to say 'no' to any unlawful or sectarian
instructions from his bosses without fear of losing his job.[citation needed]

NSIS is divided into seven sections:

1. Administration under the director of administration,

2. Information technology under the director of information technology

3. Internal intelligence under the director of internal intelligence

4. External intelligence under the director of external intelligence

5. Analysis & production under the director of economic affairs

6. Operations under the director of operations

7. National Intelligence Academy under its own director

Country Profile

Official Name:

Republic of Kenya

conventional short form: Kenya

former: British East Africa.

ISO Country Code: ke

Actual Time: Tue-Dec-24 04:52

Local Time = UTC +3h

Country Calling Code: +254

Capital City: Nairobi (pop. 2.1 million)

Other Cities:

Mombasa (665 000), Kisumu (504 000), Nakuru (1.2 million).

Government:

Type: Republic.

Independence: 12 December 1963 (from UK).

Geography:

Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania.

Area: 580,000 km² (225,000 sq mi.)

Terrain: From a low coastal plain on the Indian Ocean in a series of mountain ridges and plateaus which
stand above 3 000 meters (9 000 ft.) in the center of the country. The Rift Valley bisects the country
above Nairobi, opening up to a broad arid plain in the north. Mountain plains cover the south before
descending to the shores of Lake Victoria in the west.
Highest elevation: Mount Kenya (Kirinyaga, 5199 m)

Climate: Varies from the tropical south, west, and central regions to arid and semi-arid in the north and
the northeast.

People:

Nationality: Kenyan(s).

Population: 46 million (2015)

Ethnic groups: African--Kikuyu 21%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 11%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 5%.
Non-African--Asian, European, Arab 1%.

Religions: Protestant 40%, Roman Catholic 30%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs 10%, .

Languages: English, Swahili, more than 40 local ethnic languages.

Literacy (in English): 59%.

Natural resources: Wildlife, land.

Agriculture Products: Tea, coffee, sugarcane, horticultural products.

Industries: Small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour),
agricultural products processing; oil refining, cement; tourism.

Exports - commodities: tea, horticultural products, coffee, petroleum products, fish, cement.

Exports - partners: Uganda 11.2%, USA 8.3%, Tanzania 8.1%, Netherlands 7.4%, UK 6%, Pakistan 4.2%
(2015)
Imports - commodities: machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum products, motor vehicles,
iron and steel, resins and plastics.

Imports - partners: China 30%, India 15.5%, UAE 5.7%, USA 4.8%, Japan 4.7% (2015)

Currency: Kenyan Shilling (KES)

Kenya in Figures

Kenya key statistical data.

Kenya Police Service [1]

Polisi wa Kenya

Kenya Police Patch.png

The Kenya Police patch.

Kenya Police Flag.gif

Flag of the Kenya Police

Common name Kenya Police

Karau/Polisi

Motto Utumishi kwa Wote

(English: "Service to All")

Agency overview

Formed 1906 [2]

Employees approx. 101,000=[3][4][5]

Jurisdictional structure

Operations jurisdiction KEN

Kenya location map Copy.png

Map of Kenya Police Service [1]'s jurisdiction.

Size 581,309 square kilometres (224,445 sq mi)

Population 47,564,000Kenya
Governing bodyKenya

General nature

Civilian police

Headquarters Vigilance House, Harambee Ave, Nairobi

Police Officers 80,000=(approx)[3][4]

Agency executive

Inspector General, Hillary Mutyambai[6]

Units

List[show]

Counties Counties of Kenya

Facilities

Airbases Wilson Airport

Mil Mi-17, MBB Bo 105 Cessnas 15

The Kenya Police Service is a national body in charge of law enforcement in Kenya. It is subordinate to
National Police Service which is headed by Inspector General of Police who exercises independent
command over the Service. Kenya Police is headed by Deputy Inspector General. Kenya Police is divided
into Service Headquarters, Formations, General Duty Commands and Training Institutions. General Duty
commands are further divided into Regional, County, Sub-County Commands, Police stations and Police
Posts in that hierarchy. Ultimately all these elements report to, and are accountable to Deputy Inspector
General based at Kenya Police Headquarters in Nairobi.

Administration Police Service is commanded through a hierarchy separate from that of the Kenya Police.
[7] For other state security bodies see Law enforcement in Kenya.

Following a history of human rights abuses by the Kenya Police, efforts are being made to reform the
force.[11] Kenyan policemen are poorly paid and have to make use with archaic housing that has not
been expanded or renovated since the 1970s. This has made them very susceptible to corruption and
crime. Extortion and bribery are not unknown practices and the Kenyan people rank the police among
the most corrupt bodies in the country.[12][13] In July 2010 the Minister, Prof. George Saitoti,
announced a 28% pay increase for junior officers and a 25% pay increase for senior officers. This reform
means that the most junior officer, a Police Constable, shall receive Ksh 21,000/month including
allowances
Police. The Kenya Police, which report to the Inspector-General of Police in the National Police Service,
fields about 65,000 officers. The General Service Unit (GSU) has around 10,000 paramilitary personnel.

General Service Unit (Kenya)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to navigationJump to search

General Service Unit

Abbreviation GSU
Agency overview

Formed September, 1953

Preceding agency

Emergency Company or Regular Police Reserve

Employees ≈6000 (2003)[1]

Headquarters Nairobi, Kenya

Agency executive

Stephen Toroitich Chelimo, Commandant

Parent agency Kenya Police Service

The General Service Unit (GSU) is a paramilitary wing in the Kenya Police Service, consisting of highly
trained police officers, transported by seven dedicated Cessnas and three Bell helicopters.[1][2] Having
been in existence since the late 1940s, the GSU has fought in a number of conflicts in and around Kenya,
including the 1963 – 1969 Shifta War and the 1982 Kenyan coup.[3] The Kenyan police outlines the
objectives of the GSU as follows: to deal with situations affecting internal security throughout the
Republic, to be an operational force that is not intended for use on duties of a permanent static nature,
and primarily, to be a reserve force to deal with special operations and civil disorders.[4]

Contents

1 History

2 Personnel

3 Organisational Structure

3.1 Commanders

4 Notes

5 References

History

Initially created as the Emergency Company or Regular Police Reserve in 1948, the GSU began as a unit
of 50 men armed with Bren guns carriers and armoured cars and was involved in a number of uprisings
including the Mau Mau Uprising before being renamed the General Service Unit in September 1953.[4]
The newly designated GSU consisted of 47 European officers and 1058 Africans divided into 5 regional
companies each consisting of a number of 39-man platoons.[4] In 1957, the unit was re-organised and
all the companies were brought under one commander, a Mr. S. G. Thomson.[4] In 1961, the unit
deployed outside Kenya for the first time to deal with civil unrest in Zanzibar, and then from 1963 until
1969 the GSU fought the secessionists during the Shifta War.[4]

During the 1990s, the GSU worked in central Kenya to quell socialist political unrest and demonstrations
against the Kenyan government, such as the Saba Saba Day (7 July) celebrations of 1990, where 30
people were killed as the police and General Service Units took action.[5] More recently, in July 2005,
troops of the GSU were sent to northern Kenya to seek out those responsible for the deaths of 76
people, 22 of them children, at a school in the area.[6]. The GSU helped prevent further friction between
feuding Gabra and Borana communities when they were transported to the region by two police and
two military helicopters, as well as two ministers from the Kenyan government.[6] Currently, the GSU
has around 5,000 paramilitary troops, of which 2000 are the Israeli trained and battle hardened 'Recce
group'. It is regulated under chapter nine of the Kenya Police Force Standing Orders.[4]

Personnel

Originally, GSU members were drawn from the existing ranks of the Kenyan Police force, were from a
number of ethnic backgrounds, and were trained in the Kenya Police College and placed on a two-year
tour of duty.[4] However, with the increase of Africanisation in 1963, the majority of members were by
1967 from native Kenyan tribes such as the Luo or the Kikuyu[7][4] who total 5.9 million, equal to about
13% and 7.4 million, equal to about 22% of Kenya's total population, respectively.[8] Most recently, all
GSU members have been trained at the GSU-specific Training School in Embakasi and its Field Training
Camp in Magadi, on 10-month-long courses, with further 5-month long courses required for promotion.
[4] As with various branches of the Kenyan armed forces,[7] the GSU also sends its officers to Great
Britain to be trained in such facilities as the Britannia Royal Naval College and Sandhurst.[9]

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Law_enforcement_in_Kenya

https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/kenya.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Kenya

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Service_Unit_(Kenya)