Worksheet 1 - Calculations

Significant Figures tho numbar afsignifiganiaras ais i

decide the
numbers in scientific notation and
1. Express each ofthe following
number of significant figures:

Scientific notation sig.fig.

409.10 Y0910 K10
4091.00 1091Q0X L
0.004091
308,000 .O XI05
30,860.
0.00056030 S.6030XIp
the
multiplication or division,
Calculations with significant figures In as the factor with
the
answer has only as many sig. fig.
number of sig. fig. in the
smallest number of sig. fig.
(0.46307Y0.0805)= 0.004016430

(63.54) 0.052)(2.8009)
2 sig. fig. -

limiting factor

which rounds to .0040 or 4.0 x 10 (2 sig. fig.)

to the same number
addition and subtraction, the answer should be reported
In number of decimal places
term with the least
of decimal places as the

37.598 36.76 0.838

limiting factor
2 decimal places
-

8.4 101
which rounds to 0.84 or x

numbers 2 5 are rounded up.

addition and subtraction first. When rounding,
Do
Do not round until the
end of the calculations.
 2. Do the following calculations and
correct number of sig. fig. express the answers to the

29.837-29.241
1
.$+ o.D1J6 1.)6x16 3
32.06 =
32.064

75212+263
760.00
= 7 > 1.02 X1O°
10
Dimensional Analysis This technique can be used to change units (K
-

and also as an aid in solving

problems, by -°C)
Units and conversion factors are listed in carefully keeping track of units. SI
Appendix 6 (A26) in the textbook. A
table of metric to English conversion factors is on page 16 of the textbook.

A certain process
yields 4.85 x
How many kilograms will be 10
g of a chemical product per second.
produced in five days of continuous reaction?
Start with what you know on the left and what
you are trying to find on the right.

4.85x102g 281Rg
Then find conversion factors, which allow you to change your units.

4.85 x 102 g| 60 s_60 min 24 h 5 days 1 kg 20.95200 kg

S min h l day 103 g
Finally, determine the number of sig. fig. The first term has 3 sig. fig. All of the
other factors are definitions, and have
3 sig. fig., 21.0 kg.
sig. fig. So, the answer will be limited to
o

In the conversion factors the value of the

numerator and denominator are the
same; 60 seconds 1 minute, 24 hours 1
=

illustrates the use of metric prefixes; 1000

day. The final conversion unit
=

know these commonly used prefixes.

grams =1 kilogram. It is important to

3. Fill in the missing information in the following chart.

Metric prefix Symbol Exponent

Meg M
Nand 10
deci
icro
Pico 102
kilo
m illi
Cent | 10
4. A volume of 520. cm' is equivalent to:

S20 mL 5.20 dL 520

5. Make the following conversions (Express your answer in scientific notatio.)

a. 0.0024 km to nm 2.1X10
-9

b. 3.5 g/dm'to mg/mm3, 3Xjo°

C. 95 yards to cm ( 3 feet in a yard; 2.54 cm in 1 inch)

6. You feel a bit feverish and take your temperature with a lab thermometer,
marked in degrees kelvin. It reads 310 K. What is your Fahrenheit temperature?
[Remember (°F) = 1.8 (°C) + 32° and K = °C +273]

C 3 ?8.6 « 9
F 18x(32) +32 P
Work on the following problems, paying attention to sig. fig.

7. Write down your height. Convert it to meters (m.)

St. in. 122 72 m

m.
8. A child's sandbox is 4.0 ft. wide, 4.0 ft. long and 9.0 in deep. If there are, on
the average, 55 grains of sand per mm', how many grains of sand are there in
the sandbox?
x.0 14..Of +
Volume ol; Sand Doz =Y.0x .0
=

I.of 2.332m
9
199 f .03mn =

No. d grans -
55x 1o?
2.22 129X10
2.24 Y10