Research Question:

To what extent does changing the materials dropped from an orifice impact the angle formed by the pile of
materials?

Variables:
Independent variable: The type of material dropping. I will be dropping chana, Maida, Urad, Lentils

Dependent Variable: The angle formed by each material with respect to ground. I will calculate it in degrees.

Controlled Variable:

 Size of Orifice: I will be dropping all the materials through the same glass, hence the same size of orifice.
 Height of glass: I will be dropping the materials from the same height. Since the more the height the more
the energy they have resulting in more movement and an increased radius, resulting in lesser radius

Equipment:
1. Chana dal
2. Maida
3. Urad
4. Lentils
5. Plastic/ Paper cup
6. Scientific Calculator
7. 2 15cm ruler
8. Piece of paper
9. Pencil
10. A pair of scissors

Method:
1. Take the pair of scissors and the cup and make an orifice at the bottom of it.
2. Take the glass and close the orifice with you finger.
3. Take a piece of paper and lay it on a table.
4. Pour the Chana dal into the cup.
5. Take the hand over the paper and open it.
6. After all the dal has been poured out of it record the height of the pile formed
7. Take a pencil and draw a rough drawing of the pile’s perimeter on the paper.
8. Take the ruler and calculate 2 diameters of the circle and average them out.
9. Then find the radius of the circle.
10. The find the angle through the equation of tan -1(height/radius)
11. Repeat the experiment 1 more time.
12. Find the average of the two trials.
13. Repeat the whole experiment but changing the material one by one.

Results:
Type of dal Trial 1 (degrees) Trial 2 (degrees) Average (degrees)
Maida 32.36 32.24 32.30
Chana 24.15 24.36 24.26
Urad 22.83 22.92 22.88
Lentils 21.70 21.66 21.68

Observations:
I found out that the smaller the size of grain is the higher the pile is and therefore, higher angle formed. Maida being
the finest of all has a huge angle formed with respect to paper, where as compared to other materials which can be
seen through the naked eye, and lentils having the largest grain having the least slope and the height of the pile. I
believe there is a co-relation with the size of the grain and the angle formed with paper.