Submitted in partial fulfillment

of the requirements for the

award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CHEMISTRY

Topic: Water Management
BY
Mukesh Nehra
(18BSCN061)
Under the supervision of
Dr. Saurabh Dave
Asociate Professor
Department of Chemistry
 Table of contents
1) Introducing water management
2) per capita water availability in selected countries ( '000 m³)
3) water in india : overview
4) Utilizable surface water and flows
5) Annual water requirement for different uses ( in km³)
6)Potential of rainwater harvesting
7) Ethics
8) Urban water management
9) Conclusion
Introducing water management
• Water management is the control and movement of water resources to
minimize damage to life and property and to maximize efficient beneficial use.
• Inefficient utilization of water in irrigated agriculture and other water
management sectors have been reportedly linked to inappropriate water
application and/or sharing methods, hydrological uncertainties, and decayed
infrastructures.
• Problem that has been affecting the irrigation and other water management
sectors which attracted little attention and remaining elusive, is the impact of
unlawful human activities.
• Some of the human activities that have been reported to adversely affect
irrigation and other water management sectors include unauthorized water
uses, water wastage behavior, and excessive operational losses.
• Others comprise discharging poorly or untreated wastewater into
watercourses, over-application of chemicals, collusions, and other forms of
corruption.
Per capita water availability in
selected countries
Water in india : overview
• India is endowed with a rich and vast diversity of water resources. India has
seasonal rainfall with high temporal and spatial
• variability.
• 50% of precipitation falls in just 15 days and over 90% of river flows in just
four months.
• Pre twentieth century India had community level water resource
management practices in place, across regions.
• India has invested in building its water infrastructure (dams,
• reservoirs and canals) in arid areas.
• The per capita water storage capacity in India is much below that of China
and the US. Indian rivers are in a state of decay.
• India's irrigation and water supply services are in poor shape.
• Urban India heavily depends upon groundwater sources to meet the
• daily water requirements.
• The total utilizable water resources of India are assessed as
• 1086 km¹.
Utilizable surface water and flows
Annual water requirement for
different uses
Potential of Rainwater harvesting
Ethics of water use and
management
• Human beings are the major agents for changing the state of the natural
environment.
• The quest for limiting the adverse human effects and sustainable utilization of
natural resources such as water necessitates a distinctive ethical explanation
(Jennings et al., 2009).
• In the 19th and 20th centuries, issues related to water rights, led to some
ethical explanations on the moral philosophy of water management, drawn
from ethics theories such as utilitarianism - actions based on the benefits and
deontology - duty based on virtuousness (Kordig, 1974; Wescoat-Jr, 2013).
Ethics are codes of conduct governing human behavior with which human
actions are judged as either ethical or unethical (Ssonko, 2010; Cameron et al.,
2004).
• Globally, ethics-centered approaches such as water conservation campaigns
and participation, monitoring compliance, and enforcement, policy dialogues,
legal actions, and other demand management measures have been reported to
improve water management performance (Liu et al., 2009; WGF, 2000, 2016).
Urban water management
• Urban water and wastewater systems should provide clean water for a
variety of uses,
• remove wastewater from users to prevent unhygienic conditions, and
remove storm water to avoid damage from flooding.
• Existing urban water systems in Sweden fulfil these fundamental
requirements to a high degree.
• Over the last 10 years, however, the existing systems have been
increasingly criticized from the viewpoint of sustainability. Similar
discussions have also arisen within other sectors of the urban
infrastructure, for example, power and transportation.
• To improve and raise the knowledge with regard to sustainable water and
wastewater management, the Swedish Foundation for Strategic
Environmental Research (MISTRA) in 1999 initiated a 6-year Swedish
research program entitled “Sustainable Urban Water Management”
Conclusion
• Ethical considerations in water use and management
which need to be studied, revisited, and revised.
• An insightful knowledge was gained from the review
that drought condition (the state of water availability)
affects water users' level of compliance with rules and a
framework has been proposed for analysis and
comparison of urban water systems with respect to
sustainability.
• This type of assessment involves multidimensional
criteria, including economic, environmental, social,
cultural, technical, and health-related aspects.
Thank you