Leveling Workshop. B2.

2
Unit 3

1. Vocabulary

1.1. Complete the sentence with the correct word. One is not necessary.

Shell out- Come down- Save for a rainy day- Have your heart set

on- Cut back- Sale- Cheapskate- Gimmick

a. If you want to have enough money it's better to____________ certain expenses.

b. You don’t like to spend you are a ___________________.

c. Go ahead you can_______________ money for it

d. The advertisement just has those ____________to make you want the products.

e. You always promise to _____________ in case you need it.

f. You saw that expensive phone but you really want it, you _____________ now.

g. After some days the prices always tend to _____________.

1.2 Define the following expressions in your own words.

Live within my means: ______________________________________________________________.

I live paycheck to paycheck_________________________________________________________.

I am drowning in debt _____________________________________________________________.

I keep track of my expenses. _______________________________________________________.

Income_____________________________________________________________________________.

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2. Grammar clues.

2.1. Expressing regrets about the past.

2.1.1 Wish and the past perfect

Use this structure to express a regret that you have, you consider that you had
done or hadn't done something. Use the expression joined to the past perfect,
using the auxiliary verb had and the participle of the verb.

Example: By 3:00 pm I had finally eaten my lunch.

Now with wish

I wish I had eaten my lunch earlier. I wish I hadn’t wasted my time fooling
around.

For questions maintain the use of simple present in questions and after just make
an affirmative sentence.

Do you wish you had traveled overseas instead of studying that expensive career?

2.2 Should- Have or Ought to have

To talk about what you consider is the correct the correct to do. Use the modal should,
the auxiliary verb ‘have’ and the past participle of the main verb. Or use ought to, the
auxiliary verb ‘have’ and the past participle of the verb.

Examples

I should have thought better to make that decision or she ought to have
thought better to make that decision.

She should have been earlier for that job interview - or She ought to have been
earlier for that job interview.

*Be careful: in American English do not to use ought to have for negative statements.

They shouldn't have gone out that hectic day.

NOT They ought not to have gone out that hectic day.

2.3 if only and the past perfect

Use this structure to talk about a very strong regret. It is also possible to use if only with
past unreal conditional and include a result.

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 Examples

If only I had gotten a better score in my test (I wish I had)

If only we hadn't woken up late. (We wish we hadn't)

2.3.1 With Unreal conditional

if only I had accepted that proposal, I would have earned much more
money now.

2.4 The Future Perfect

It is used to talk about actions which will be completed by a specified time in the future
you usually state the time at the beginning or the end of the sentence. It is also common
to use by before the time.

To form it just use will have or won't have and the past participle of the main verb.

Examples

By next year, I will have finished this English course

She won’t have paid her debt by the end of the year.

Will they have cut back on other expenses before the next month? Yes, they will

No, they won’t

2.5 Perfect Infinitives

It is possible to use a perfect infinitive to talk about an action that will be developed before
a specified time in the future. Use perfect infinitives after the following verbs:

Hope, intend, expect and plan.

Examples

She expects to have finished her career by the next semester.

Do they hope to have paid back their bills by the end of the month? yes, they do

no, they don’t

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3. Practice the clues

3.1 The following are questions about regrets I wish, should have, ought to have, if only
and perfect infinitives. Select the correct answers to complete the question.

● She ________ she________ to that university

a. wish -has gone
b. wishes- she had gone
c. wishes-she went

● ______ you wish you __________a little for rainy days?

a. Do- had saved up
b. Do- have saved up
c. Have-had saved up

● Ryan ______________ that expensive car.

a. shouldn’t had bought that
b. ought not to have bought
c. shouldn’t have bought

● If only Rita ____________ there

a. hadn´t gone
b. hasn't gone
c. wouldn’t have gone

● If only she__________ annoying she____________________

a. hasn't been - wouldn't have been fired.
b. hadn’t been- would have been fired.
c. hadn’t been - wouldn’t have been fired

3.2 Select the correct option. Take into account the use of the future perfect.

● By next month you ___________ at least 10 pounds with the trendy diet.
a. will lost
b. will have lose
c. will have lost

● _______ Tom ___________ the doctor before he gets worse.

a. Will- have seen
b. Will-has seen
c. Will - had seen

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 ● With all of these expenses We won’t _____________ enough money by the end of
the month
a. had have
b. have had
c. have

● By this time next year I expect___________ my last credit card.

a. to have paid back
b. have paid back
c. to pay

● ______ you intend __________ this course before the next semester?
a. Have -to have finished
b. Do- to finish
c. Do- to have finished

4. Clues in context.

Have you ever said “If only I hadn't bought that device, “I shouldn't have gotten such an
expensive vacation, “If only I had put away some money each month” all of those

expressions said by the majority of people who can’t handle their loans because they prefer
to live beyond their means but by the end of the month they are totally drown in debt.

Therefore, if you consider to be this kind of people you have some tips to follow:

● Try to reduce dining out, try to split

the bill with your peers.
● Save up at least some money each
time.
● Try not to shell out much money for
products which just have a gimmick
that make you want them even when
you don’t.
● Promise: By the end of this month
you will have paid my credit cards
in full, so you can know how much
money you will have spent before
this finishes.
● Say: By next year I plan to have kept
track of my expenses.

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5. Use the clues.

5.1 Complete the following questions using regrets; I wish+ past perfect, should have+
past participle, if only+ past perfect.

● I wish I ________ this instead you ________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________

● You shouldn’t _______to this place you ________

______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________

● If only you ________money you would __________

______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________

5.2 Complete the following questions using the future perfect and perfect infinitives.

● By the end of the year you will_________. Write your expectations….

______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________

 You have analyzed your spending style and now you plan to _____ by the end of
the month.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________

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