Leveling Workshop.

C1
Unit 9

1. Vocabulary

1.1 Complete the sentences by using the correct words. Select the word
from the options in the box. There is one word that you won’t use.

Trend, against, raising, feasibility, technology, devices

 Further research will be needed to prove the _____________ of genetic engineering.

 Steve Jobs used to think that ______________ would be conceived as an extension of the
human being.
 If anti-vaccination group members were more critical, measles outbreaks might get
reduced and fewer people would turn _____________ vaccines and medical innovations.
 The use of drones to take pictures from high altitude is becoming a ____________ among
professional and amateur photographers.
 If people who state they don’t like ________________ were aware about the impact it has
in our daily life, they wouldn’t have thought that in the first place.

1.2 Match the picture of the technology item with the corresponding definition.

a. The theory and development of computer

systems able to perform tasks normally
requiring human intelligence, such as visual
perception, speech recognition, decision-
making, and translation between languages.
1. Artificial intelligence

b. The manage of science, engineering and

technology at the nanoscale to manipulate
individual atoms and molecules.

2. Augmented reality

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 c. A technology that places a computer-
generated image on a user's view of the real
world, thus providing a composite view and an
interactive reality.

3. 3D Printing

d. The process in which different materials are

solidified by computer control to create 3
dimensional objects.

4. Nanotechnology

2. Grammar clues.

2.1 The Passive Voice: the future and the future perfect.

When we want to emphasize both the object of the verb and the action rather than the
subject of a sentence, it’s necessary to use the passive voice. By doing this, we express that
the performer of the action (the subject) it’s less important than the action itself. If it is
important, we can mention it using a by phrase. It’s important to take into account that
passive voice is often used in scientific and factual writing. The tense of our sentence will
be determined by the auxiliary verb.

Remember the structure of passive voice statements about the future (will be or be going
to be + past participle).

Examples:

 In further years, petrol won’t be needed to run vehicles because we will use other
types of fuels.
 In the future, organs are going to be created from stem cells so people who need
them have more access to them.

Remember the structure of passive voice statements about the future as seen from the
past (would be or was/were going to be + past participle):

Examples:

 The movie “Back to the future” showed how video calling would be used among
people to communicate, which has become true.

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  In the past, no one would have believed that nowadays a massive number of
songs would be safely saved in a device as small as an apple.

Remember the structure of passive voice statements in future perfect (will have been or
be going to have been + past participle):

Examples:

 By the year 2050, new communication technologies will have been developed by
scientists.
 In several years, enough research about biomass energy is going to have been
done so people will know its specific pros and cons.

2.2 The passive voice in unreal conditional sentences.

The main purpose of a conditional sentence is to draw hypothesis about things or

situations that are most likely to may have happened and the results that we expect would
have happened as well. A conditional sentence has two parts, one of them is the if clause
and the other one is the result clause. Also, one of the parts in a conditional sentence is
made in a past tense, not necessarily referring to something that happened in the past.
This is what we call “the unreal conditional”. Conditional sentences may be structured using
the passive voice as well.

Examples about the present unreal conditional:

 If more research were done about stem cells treatments, more lives would be

saved.

 If the development of new technologies were more financed by investors and big

companies, the prices of new devices and appliances might be reduced.

Examples about the past unreal conditional:

 If action had been taken against anti vaccine groups, the early death of many

children would have been prevented.

 If communication technologies hadn’t been developed, it might had been

impossible for some people to have access to truthful information and news.

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3. Practice the clues

3.1. Select the correct answer to complete each of the following sentences.
In further years, new technologies ___________ be ___________ faster than nowadays.

a. Will / Develop c. Will / Developed

b. Would /Affordable d. Would / Developing

People used to think that by the current year, cars ___________ be __________, but flown.

a. Will / Driven c. Will / Drove

b. Wouldn’t / Driven d. Would / Driven

In further years, new payment methods ___________ have been __________, so people won’t
have to use neither cards nor cash.

a. Is going to / Establish c. Are going to / Established

b. Will / Establish d. Are going to / Establish

3.2 Select the correct answer to complete the following sentences about the passive
voice in unreal conditional.
If the damage caused by climate change _________ more _________ by people, actions to

save the planet _________ be _________.

a. Was / Known – Will / Take c. Were / Know – Will / Taken
b. Were / Known – Would / Taken d. Was / Know – Would / Taken

If earthquake-resistant structures _________ been _________ by now, the damage caused by

earthquakes in countries like Japan or Chile might have been worse.

a. Hasn’t / Developed c. Wouldn’t / Developed

b. Hadn’t / Developed d. Had / Developed

If the patch that replaces the poke in diabetes self-care _________ been _________ before,
people who suffer from this illness _________ have _________ less pain.

a. Was / Discovered – Will / Experience c. Had / Discover – Would / Experience

b. Have / Discovered – Would / d. Had / Discovered – Would /

Experience Experienced

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 4. Clues in context.
Robotic check-ups are becoming a trend
nowadays, and a considerable amount of
research has been done in several universities
among the United Kingdom and the United
States to prove its feasibility, and its results are
impressive. Getting medically treated by a
robot might sound strange, and it might not
get widely accepted. The check-up, however,
won't be entirely done by a robot, it's a
physician that would be doing it, while located
in a distant area, remotely controlling the
device over a computer, aided by a joystick.
This innovative development of Telemedicine
would be useful for patients who live in small
towns or villages where closest hospitals are
miles away. The robots have a screen, thus a
more interactive communication between the
patient and the physician might be possible.

Moreover, robo-docs, as many call them, will be placed in hospitals and homes to nurse
patients since a majority of them would prefer to have a more interactive check-up done
by their doctor rather than having an unknown physician coming to their rooms or houses.
Robo-docs are fast, and a check-up won't take longer than ten minutes. Afterward, it will
determine whether the patient needs to be seen by a doctor in person, or if only a
prescription is necessary.
Telemedicine is growing fast, and in a couple of years, robo-docs will have been
considered a part of daily life. No one would have thought, several years ago, that this
type of technology would be possible. Now, thanks to research, it is. Still, there's one
concern regarding robo-docs: its affordability. If research had been done before, robo-
docs would be more affordable today. Not everybody can afford this type of treatment.
Perhaps, further research will make this innovative medical technology low-cost.

5. Use the clues.

5.1 Create questions using the grammar studied and give them and answer.
 Passive voice with simple future:

______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
 Passive voice with future perfect:

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______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
 Passive voice with the future as seen from the past:

______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
 Passive voice with past unreal conditional:

______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
 Passive voice with present unreal conditional:

______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________

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