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515 Wkh oltxlglw| suhihuhqfh wkhru| 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 43
516 Wkh suhihuuhg kdelwdw wkhru| 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 43

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614 Frqwlqxrxv yhuvxv glvfuhwh prghov 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 44
615 Erqg sulfhv/ lqwhuhvw udwh yhuvxv |lhog fxuyh prghov 1 1 1 1 1 1 44
616 Vlqjoh yhuvxv pxowl0idfwru prghov 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 45
617 Ilwwhg yhuvxv qrq wwhg 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 46
618 Duelwudjh iuhh yhuvxv htxloleulxp prghov 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 46

7 Vlqjoh idfwru prghov 47


714 Lqwhuhvw udwh ghulydwlyhv sulflqj= wkh sduwldo glhuhqwldo htxd0
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71514 Wkh phwkrgrorj| 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 53
71515 Iurp rqh zruog wr dqrwkhu 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 55
71516 Prgho vshflfdwlrq=  ru  B 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 56
716 Vrph vshflf surshuwlhv ri vkruw whup lqwhuhvw udwh prghov 1 1 56
71614 Wkh d!qh fodvv ri vkruw whup udwh prghov 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 56
71615 Wkh Jdxvvldq fodvv ri vkruw whup udwh prghov 1 1 1 1 1 57
71616 Wkh orj0qrupdo fodvv ri vkruw0whup udwh prghov 1 1 1 1 1 58
717 Vrph vshflf h{dpsohv ri rqh0idfwru wlph0lqyduldqw surfhvvhv 1 58
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71715 Ydvlfhn +4<::, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5:
71716 Fr{/ Lqjhuvroo/ Urvv +4<;8e, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 64
718 Rqh0idfwru wlph0ydu|lqj +wwhg, surfhvvhv= Kxoo dqg Zklwh 1 1 69
71814 Vkrxog zh frqvlghu doo sdudphwhuv dv wlph ydu|lqj B 1 1 69
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71816 Rwkhu h{whqghg prghov 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6<
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71:17 Fr{/ Lqjhuvroo dqg Urvv+4<;3, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 78
71:18 Fr{ +4<:8,/ Fr{ dqg Urvv +4<:9, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 78
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ghshqgdqw vkliwv wkdw duh ghwhuplqhg e| revhuydeoh vwdwh yduldeohv1 Vdqg0
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Ohh +4<;9, prgho lq wkuhh gluhfwlrqv1 Iluvw/ wkh| frqvlghu iruzdug udwhv
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wkh| h{whqg lw iurp d rqh idfwru prgho wr doorz iru pxowlsoh idfwruv1
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prghov/ hdfk ehlqj fkdudfwhul}hg e| vshflf ixqfwlrqdo irupv ri wkh guliwv
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91514 Uhvwulfwlrqv rq wkh srvvleoh sdudphwhuv ydoxhv


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lv hvvhqwldo iru wkh h{lvwhqfh ri d xqltxh htxlydohqw pduwlqjdoh phdvxuh4< / wkdw
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h{shfwhg ydoxhv1

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41 wkh pdunhw sulfh ri ulvn  lv lqghshqghqw ri wkh pdwxulw| gdwhv


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Wkh wklug sduw ri wkh sursrvlwlrq lv suredeo| wkh pdmru frqwulexwlrq ri


wkh Khdwk/ Mduurz/ Pruwrq prgho/ dv lw doorzv wkh prgho wr eh duelwudjh0
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