X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

(MATHEMATICS) Marks: 60
1. For what value of k, the pair of linear equations kx  3 y  1 and 3 x  5 y  1 has a
unique solution? [1]
9 1 1
(a) k  (b) k  (c) k  (d) None
5 5 5

2. 3 chairs and 4 tables cost Rs.2250 and 4 chairs and 3 tables cost Rs. 1950. Then the
total cost of 2 chairs and 1 table is: [1]
(a) Rs. 750 (b) Rs. 250 (c) Rs.350 (d) Rs.850

R
3. The sum and product of the zeroes of the polynomial 9 x 2  5 respectively are: [1]
9 9 5 5
(a) 0,  (b) 0, (c) 0, (d) 0, 
5 5 9 9

e
4. The number to be added to the polynomial x 2  5 x  4, so that 3 is the zero of the
polynomial is : ys [1]
(a) 2 (b) –2 (c) 0 (d) 3

5. If am  bl , then the pair of equations ax  by  c; lx  my  n : [1]

(a) Has a unique solution (b) Has no solution
(c) Has infinitely many solutions (d) May or may not have a solution
al
6. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2  35x  300 are : [1]
(a) Both positive (b) Both negative
(c) One positive and one negative (d) Both equal
at

7. The pair of equations y = 0 and y  5 has. [1]

(a) One solution (b) Two solution
(c) Infinitely many solution (d) No solution
C

8. A quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 7  2 2 and 7  2 2. [1]

(a) x2 + 14x – 41 (b) x2 + 14x + 41 (c) x2 – 14x + 41 (d) None

9. The area of the triangle formed by the lines y = x, x = 6 and y = 0 is [1]

(a) 36 sq. units (b) 18 sq. units (c) 9 sq. units (d) 72 sq. units

10. In  and  are zeroes of the polynomial p  x   x 2  5x  6, , then the value of     3
is: [1]
(a) –5 (b) – 13 (c) 13 (d) 6

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

11. Find the value of k for which the following system of equations has infinitely many
solutions: [2]
(k – 1) x + 3y = 7
(k + 1) x + 6y = (5k – 1)
Sol. Given equations  k  1 x  3 y  7
 k 1 x  6 y  (5k 1)
a1 b1 c1
For infinitely many solution ,  
a2 b2 c2
(k  1) 3 7
 

R
So
k  1 6 5k  1
( k  1) 3 3 7
 and 
k 1 6 6 5k  1
2( K  1)  K  1 5K 1  14

e
2K  2  K  1 K 3
K 3 ys
So, for K  3 ,the given system of equation has infinitely many solution.
1 1
12. Evaluate  , if  and  are the zeroes of the polynomial 3 x 2  4 x  7. Also, find
 
 and  . [2]
Sol. Given equation, 3x 2  4 x  7  0
al
So,
b 4
   
a 3
c 7
  
at

a 3
1 1  
Then  
   .
4 / 3 4
 
7 / 3 7
C

13. Solve the following system of equations by the method of elimination. [2]
8 y  3 x  5 xy
6 y  5 x  2 xy, x , y  0
Sol. Given equation, x  0, y0
8 y  3 x  5 xy , 6 y  5 x  2 xy
Divided by xy on both the sides, so
8 y  3x 5 xy 6 y  5 x 2 xy
 ; 
xy xy xy xy

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8 y 3x 6 y 5x
 5 ;   2
xy xy xy xy
8 3 6 5
 5 ;   2
x y x y
1 1
Put m & n
x y
Then, the equation become
8m  3n  5 ………..(i)
6m  5n  2 ………..(ii)
By elimination me method.

R
8m  3n  5 ] 6
6m  5n  2 ] 8
48m  18n  30
48m  40n  16

e
22n  46
23
n
ys 11
Then from equation (i)
8m  3n  5
 23 
8m  3    5
 11 
88m  69  55
al
88m  55  69
124
m
88
31
m
at

22
We know that
1 1
m , n
x y
C

1 31 1 23
 , 
x 22 y 11
22 11
x , y
31 23
Method-2 Given equation,
8 y  3 x  5 xy …..(i) x  0 …..(iii)
6 y  5 x  2 xy …..(ii) y  0 …..(iv)
By elimination method,
8 y  3 x  5 xy ] 6

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6 y  5 x  2 xy ] 8
48 y  18 x  30 xy
48 y  40 x  16 xy
22 x  46 xy
22 x  46 xy  0
2 x(11  23 y )  0
2x  0 11  23 y  0
11
x0 y
23

R
So, from equation (i)
8 y  3 x  5 xy
8  11  11 
 3 x  5.x.  

e
23  23 
88  69 x 55 x

23 23
ys
88
x
124
22
x
31

14. If a and b are the zeroes of the polynomial f  x   x 2  5 x  k such that a – b = 1, find
al
the value of k. [2]
Sol. Given
a b 1 f  x   x2  5x  k
at

b
So, a  b 
a
ab 5 ……(i)
C

a.b  k …..(ii)
So from (i) and (ii)
a b  5
a b 1
Then
a 3 b2
From (ii) a.b  k
k 6

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

15. Find the values of k for which the system [2]

2 x  ky  1
3x  5 y  7
Will have (i) a unique solution, and (ii) no solution. Is there a value of k for which the
system has infinitely many solutions?
Sol. Given Equation,
2 x  ky  1
3x  5 y  7
Comparing with general equation a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 & a2 x  b2 y  c2  0 ,
Then a1  2 b1  k c1  1

R
a2  3 b2  5 c2  7
(i) For unique solution,
a1 b1 2 k
  

e
a2 b2 3 5
k  10
ys 3
All values except k  10 3 , the system of equation has unique solution.
(ii) For no solution
a1 b1 c1
 
a2 b2 c2
2 k 1
 
al
3  5 7
2 k
  k  10
3 5 3
At k  10 3 the system of equation has no solution
at

There is no value of K. for which the system has infinitely many solution ,
a c
Because 1  1 from Question
a2 c2
a1 b1 c1
  ]
C

[For infinite many solution

a2 b2 c2

16. If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial p  x   2 x 2  5x  k satisfying the relation,
21
 2  2    then find the value of k. [2]
4
Sol. Given ,
p  x   2 x2  5x  k
b 5
So,    
a 2

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

c k
 .  
a 2
Given condition,
21
 2   2   
4
Add  on both side
21
 2   2       
4
21
 2   2  2   
4

R
21
(   ) 2   
4
Put the value of    & 
Then,

e
 5 
2
21 k
   
 2  4 2
ys
25 21 k
 
4 4 2
4 k
4 2


k 2
17. Solve the following pair of linear equation by the substitution method : [2]
al
x  y  8 x  2 y  14 3x  y  12
 
2 3 11
Sol. Given
x  y  8 x  2 y  14 3x  y  12
at

 
2 3 11
x  y  8 x  2 y  14

2 3
3x  3 y  24  2 x  4 y  28
C

x y40 …..(i)
and
x  y  8 3 x  y  12

2 11
11x  11y  88  6 x  2 y  24
By substitution method, from equation (i)
x y40
x4 y
Put the value of y in equation (ii)

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

5 x  9( x  4)  64  0
5x  9x  36  64  0
14x  28 x2
Put the value of x in equation (i)
x y40
2 y4  0
y6
Hence, x  2 & y  6

18. If the sum and product of the zeroes of the polynomial ax 2  5 x  c is equal to 10 each,

R
find the value of ‘a’ and ‘c’. [2]
Sol. Given
Sum of zero’s
     10
Product of zero’s ( )  10

e
p( x)  ax 2  5 x  C
Then, ys (b) (5)
     10
a a
5 1
 10  a 
a 2
c c
 .    10
al
a a
c
 10
1
2
2c  10
at

c5
Hence , c5
a 1
2
19. The digit in the ten’s place of a number consisting of two digits is greater than that in
C

1
the units place by 7. The sum of the digits is th of the number. Find the number. [3]
9
Sol. Let , unit place no  y
And, ten’s place no  x
So, the no. becomes  10 x  y.
Tan according to 1st condition
x  y7 …..(i)
nd
According to 2 condition

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1
x y  10 x  y ) 
9
9 x  9 y  10 x  y
8y  x …...(ii)
Put the value of x in equation (i)
8y  y  7
7y  7  y 1
So, x  8
Hence the no. is  10x  y

R
 81
20. Find all zeroes of the polynomial x 4  3x   5 x 2  21x  14 if two of its zeroes are 7
and  7. [3]

e
Sol. The Given polynomial  x 4  3x3  5 x 2  21x  14
And Two of it’s zero’s are  7 &  7
Then, equation due to Two zero’s is
ys x 2  3x  2
x 2  7 x 4  3 x 3  5 x 2  21x  14
x4  7 x2
  
 3 x 3  2 x 2  21x  14
al
 3x 2  21x
 

2 x 2  14
at

 2 x 2  14
 2 x 2  14
 

C

So, x 2  3x  2  0
x2  2x  x  2  0
x( x  2)  1( x  2)  0
( x  2)( x  2)  0
x2 , x 1

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

21. Solve the following pair of linear equation : [3]

 a  b  x   a  b  y  a 2  2ab  b2
 a  b  x  y   a 2  b2
Sol.  a  b  x   a  b  y  a 2  2ab  b2 ……(i)
 a  b  x  y   a 2  b2 ……(ii)
By elimination method with the coefficient of ‘y’
So,
(a  b) x  (a  b) y  a 2  2ab  b 2
( a  b) x  ( a  b) y  a 2  b 2

R
   
 a  b    a  b   x   a 2  2ab  b 2   a 2  b 2

 a  b  a  b  x  a 2  2ab  b2  a 2  b2

e
2bx  2ab  2b 2
2bx  2b(a  b)
ys
x  (a  b)
From equation (i)
 a  b  y  a  b  a  b   a 2  b2
 a  b  y a 2  b2  2ab  a 2  b2
al
 a  b  y  2ab
2 ab
y
 a  b
at

OR
8 men and 12 women can finish a piece of work in 5 days, while 6 men and 8 women can
finish it in 7 days. Find the time taken by 1 man alone and that 1 woman alone to finish
the work?
Sol. Let total no. of Men Required to complete the work in one day  x
C

Similarly Total no. of women Required to complete the work in one day  y
1
So, work done by a man in one day 
x
1
& work done by a women in one day 
y
st
Then , According to 1 condition,
Work done by 8 men and 12 women in one day is
8 12 1
  ….(i)
x y 5

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

According to 2nd condition,

work done by 6 men & women in one day is
6 8 1
  …..(ii)
x y 7
After solving equation (i) and (ii)
x  70 & y  140
So, Time taken by 1 man & 1 woman is T then
1 1 1
 
x y T
1 1 1

R
 
70 140 T
2 1 1 3 1
  
140 T 140 T

e
140 2
T  46 days
3 3
60 day’s Required to finish the work by 1 man and 1 woman
ys
22. Divide 2 x 2  4 x3  5 x  6 by 2 x 2  1  3 x and verify the division algorithm. [3]
Sol. Let f ( x)  2 x  4 x  5 x  6
2 3

 4 x3  2 x 2  5 x  6
And
g ( x)  2 x 2  1  3x
al
 2 x 2  3x  1
Then,
2x  2
2 x 2  3x  1 4 x3  2 x 2  5 x  6
at

4 x3  6 x 2  2 x
  

 4 x 2  3x  6
 4x2  6 x  2
  
C

9x  4

So, we know that

Dividend = Division  Quotent  Remainder
f  n  g  n  Q  x  R  x 
  2 x2  3x  1  2 x  2   9 x  4
 4 x3  4 x 2  6 x 2  6 x  2 x  2  9 x  4
f ( x)  4 x 2  2 x 2  5 x  6

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

23. For what values of a and b does the following pairs of linear equations have an infinite
number of solutions. [3]
2 x  3 y  7; a  x  y   b  x  y   3a  b  2.
Sol. Given equation
2x  3y  7 …..(i)
a  x  y   b  x  y   3a  b  2
ax  ay  bx  by  3a  b  2
(a  b) x  (a  b) y  3a  b  2 …..(ii)
On comparing with general equation

R
a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 & a2 x  b2 y  c2  0
a1  2 b1  3 c1  7
a2  (a  b) b2  (a  b) c2  (3a  b  2)

e
For infinite solution,
a1 b1 c1
 
a2 b2 c2 ys
2 3 7
 
a  b a  b (3a  b  2)
Take any two
2 3 3 7
 , 
a b a b a  b (3a  b  2)
al
2a  2b  3a  3b , 9a  3b  b  7a  7b
5b  a , 2a  4b  6  0
Put the value of a
So,
at

2(5b)  4b  6  0
10b  4b  6
b 1
So, a  5
C

Hence,
a 5 b 1
OR
A boat goes 16 km upstream and 24 km downstream in 6 hrs. Also it covers 12 km
upstream and 36 km downstream in the same time. Find the speed of the boat
upstream and downstream.
Sol. Assume, the speed of boat in
Still water  x km/hr
&
The speed of water  y km/hr

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

So, The upstream speed of boat   x  y  km/hr

The downstream speed of boat   x  y  km/hr
According to 1st condition,
Upstream time + downstream time  6
16 24
 6 …..(i)
 x  y  x  y
According to 2nd condition,
12 36
 6 …...(ii)
( x  y) ( x  y)

R
After solving equation (i) and (ii)
( x  y )  12 km/hr
( x  y )  4 km/hr

e
So,
Upstream speed of boat ( x  y )  4 km/hr
Downstream speed of boat ( x  y )  12 km/hr
ys
24. For the cubic polynomial x3  4 x  7 x  2, find the sum, sum of the product of its zeros
taken two at a time and product of its zeros. [3]
Sol. Given , x  4 x  7 x  2,
3

Sum of the zero y  2

al
(4)
     4
1
Sum of the production of zero’s taken two at a time,
       c a  7 1  7
at

Product of zero’s
d (2)
    2
a 1
C

5 2 15 7
25. Solve the following system of linear equations:   1,   10;
x y x y x y x y
x y 0
where [4]
x y 0
Sol. Given equation
x y 0
x y 0
5 2 15 7
  1 &   10
x y x y x y x y

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1 1
Assume m n
x y x y
So,
5m  2n  1 …..(i)
15m  7n  10 …..(ii)
By elimination method
 5m  2n  1 3
15m  7n  10 1
15m  6n  3

R
15m  7 n  10
13n  13
n 1
So, from equation (i)

e
5m  2(1)  1
5m  1
m 1

m
5
ys
Now, we know that
1 1 1
  x y 5 ……(iii)
x y x y 5
1 1
n 1 x  y 1 ……(iv)
al
x y x y
On solving equation (iii) and (iv)
Then ,
x3 y2
at

26. If the polynomial x 4  6 x 3  16 x 2  2 x  10 is divided by x 2

 2 x  k  the remainder
comes out to be x  a, find k and a. [4]
Sol.
x 2  4 x  8  k 
C

x2  2 x  k x 4  6 x 2  16 x 2  2 x  10
x 4  2 x 3  kx 2
  
 8  k  x 2   4k  2  x  10
 8  k  x 2   2k  16  x  8  k  k
  
 2k  14  x  10   8  k  k 

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

Comparing coefficients
2k 14  1 a  10  8k  k 2
13  13   13 
2

k  10  8   
2  2   2 
169
k 5  10  52 
4
417
a
4

R
27. In a rectangle, if the length is increased by 3 meters and breadth is decreased by 4
meters, the area of the rectangle is reduced by 67 square meters. If length is reduced
by 1 meter and breadth is increased by 4 meters, the area is increased by 89 sq.
meters. Find the dimensions of the rectangle. [4]
Assume , Length  x

e
Sol.
Breadth  y
Area  xy
ys
Then, According to 1st condition,
 x  3 y  4  xy  67
xy  4 x  3 y  12  xy  67
4 x  3 y  55
4 x  3 y  55 ……(i)
al
nd
According to 2 condition,
 x  1 y  4  xy  89
4 x  y  93 …….(ii)
On solving equation (i) and (ii)
at

x  28 y  19
Hence, length  28m and breadth  19m

28. Find the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3  12 x 2  39 x  28, if zeroes are in A. P. [4]
C

Sol. Given ,
x3  12 x 2  39 x  28,
Here zero’s are in AP, so
Assume, zero are A-d, A, A+d
So, we know that,
Sum of Roof’s b

a
     

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 X / MATHEMATICS / POLYNOMIAL & LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES / M_0505

(12)
(A  d)  A  (A  d) 
1
3A  12  A  4
Product of Root’s d

a
(28)
 A  d  A A  d  
1
4(4  d )(4  d )  28
16  d 2  7

R
16  7  d 2
9  d2
d  3
If take, d  3 zero’s are  1, 4, 7

e
If take d  3 zero’s are  7, 4,1
ys -END OF SOLUTION-
al
at
C

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