Final Exam

Math 120 Linear Algebra with Differential Equations

Summer 2023

June 25, 2023

Name: Student ID:

Instructions:

• Do not start the exam until you are told to do so.

• If you wish for something to not be graded, please strike it out neatly.
• Do not use mobile phones or any other devices that may raise suspicion of cheating.
• Each MCQ has only one correct answer and overwriting will not be accepted.
• Exam consists of 3 parts. The part 1 is MCQs where only your final answer will be
graded. Part 2 consists of True/False questions with sufficient working, no credit shall
be given for a choice without work. Part 3 is the standard work problems.
• Good luck!

Part-1 MCQs (1 × 10 = 10 points)

1. The linear transformation T : R2 → R2 given by T (x, y) = (x + y, x − y) is

a) Injective only b) Surjective only c) Neither injective d) An isomorphism

nor surjective
 
1 3 1 4
3 9 5 15
 
2. If A =  , then |A| =
0 2 1 1
0 4 2 3

a) 4 b) -4 c) 0 d) 27

3. The null space of an invertible 5 × 5 matrix is a dimensional subspace of R5 .

a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 5
# "
1 3
4. Which of the following is an eigenvector of A = .
3 9
" # " # " # " #
1 3 1 3
a) . b) . c) . d) .
3 1 1 3
 5. Which of the following is a basis for the polynomial space P2

a) {x, x2 } b) {x, x−x2 , x+x2 } c) {1+x, x−x2 , x+ d) {1 + x + x2 , x −

x2 } x2 , 1 + 2x}
 
2 5 1
6. Determine which of the given vectors lie in the column space of A = −1 −7 −5.
 
3 4 −2
       
3 −2 −1 3
a) 3 . b)  5  . c)  5  . d) 3 .
       
8 1 1 0

 
−2 −4 2
7. The eigenvalues of A = −2 1 2 are
 
4 2 5

a) -5,3,5 b) -5,3,3 c) -5,-5,6 d) -5,3,6

8. Classify the equilibrium solution y = 1 for

y ′ = −y 2 + 2y − 1

a) stable b) un-stable c) semi-stable d) not an equilibrium

solution

9. Identify the type of the following ODE

y 2 dx + (xy + y 2 )dy = 0

a) Separable b) Linear in y c) Exact d) Homogenous

10. Determine
" #the nature of the algebraic and geometric multiplicities of eigenvalue(s) of
1 0
A=
2 1

a) A.M 2, G.M 2 b) A.M 1, G.M 2 c) A.M 2, G.M 1 d) A.M 1, G.M 1

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 Part-2 T-F Concept Check (2 × 10 = 20 points)

1. Every invertible matrix is diagonalizable.

2. Multiplying two rows (term by term) of an augmented matrix of a consistent linear

system results in no change in the solution set.

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3. Let A, B be square matrices of order 2023, such that |A| = −2, |B −1 | = 1
2
, then
|A2023 B 2023 | = 24046 .

4. If ⃗u, ⃗v are non-zero orthogonal vectors then the projection of ⃗u on ⃗v equals the vector
⃗v .

5. The shortest distance from the q point P (−2, −6, 2) to a point on the line given by
l : (x, y, z) = (−3t, −6t, −5t) is 2 257
35
.

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6. A square matrix is invertible if λ = 0 is an eigenvalue.

7. The set of all 5 × 5 upper triangular matrices is a subspace of M5×5 with dimension
15.

8. If A is a 2023 × 2024 matrix, then smallest possible value of nullity is 1.

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 9. The ODE √
y ′ = ex y
, y(0) = 0
posseses a unique solution in some neighborhood of (0, 0).

10. An integrating factor of

5
y ′ − y = sinx
x
is x5 .

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 Part-3 Work Problems (4 × 5 = 20 points)

Problem. 1[04 points] By using the method of least squares, find the best-fit parabola
through the points (0, −2), (1, −1), (−2, 3) and (−1, 1).

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  
6 −2 −1
Problem. 2[04 points] Let A = −2 6 −1. Find an orthogonal matrix P such that
 
−1 −1 5
D = P T AP. [Recall that a square matrix is orthogonal if P T P = I.]

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Problem. 3[02+02 points]
(a) Solve
dy y − 3 − 6x2
= 2 , y(1) = 1.
dx 3y − x − 2
(b) Find and classify all equilibrium solutions of

y ′ = −y 3 + 6y 2 − 11y + 6

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Problem. 4[04 points] Solve the following system of linear differential equations

x′ = x + y + z
y ′ = 2x + y − z
z ′ = −y + z

[You may use the fact that the eigenvalues are -1 (multiplicity 1) and 2 (multiplicity 2).]

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Problem. 5[04 points]
 Compute the four
 fundamental subspaces (Row(A),Col(A),N(A) and
1 −10 −24 −42
T
N(A ) for A =  1 −8 −18 −32. Clearly mention their dimensions and verify the
 
−2 20 51 87
Rank-nullity theorem.

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