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1400

LW-no wedge
1200 ____F1 = 15 mm _ 60º
_ _F2= 30 mm

1000
45º
1

800
F1

Delay [ns]
F2= 2 F1
30º
∆1 600

400
∆2 15º
200

0
1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29
Element number

Figure 1-14 Example of delay dependence on generated angle, and element position and focal
depth for a probe with no wedge (longitudinal waves, refracted angle in steel: 15-60°).

If the phased array probe is on a wedge, the delay value depends on element
position and programmed refracted angle.

The delay has a parabolic shape for the angle given by Snell's law (45° in Figure
1-13). For angles smaller than one provided by Snell's law, the delay on elements
increases from the back towards the front of the probe. For greater angles, the
delay is higher for the back elements, because the beam generated by the front
elements follows a longer path in the wedge, and thus they have to be excited first.

In all cases, the delay value on each element must be accurately controlled. The
minimum delay increment determines the maximum probe frequency
that can be used according to the following ratio:

n
fc

Rev 0 Oct 2011 Page 12 of 186

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