1. What do we need to uplift our society?

a. We can uplift our society by investing in human capital that includes provision of education,
health facilities as well as raising the standard of life by providing employment opportunities.
b. Encouraging the investors to invest by ensuring ease of doing in business components as well
as creating the feasible environment for attracting foreign investment in various sectors of the
society that leads towards self-reliance and increase exports.
c. By ensuring the law and order situation in the country as well as political stability and good
governance.
2. What do you know about Noori novel?
3. Which sector is neglected in Pakistan and why?
a. Not only a single sector but multiple sectors have been ignored in Pakistan.at first it includes
agriculture sector, only Rs.12 billion for this sector according to PES.2021-21, it indispensable to
the country’s economic growth, food security, employment generation and poverty alleviation,
underinvestment , contributes 19.2pc to the GDP and employs 38.5pc of the country’s labour
force, in a shambles. For many years now, the agricultural growth rate has been slowed down
by urban settlements poaching on cultivable land, changes in the weather patterns, spiking
input costs, fragmentation of landholdings into small subsistence farms, water shortages, poor
seed quality, low use of modern technology etc. Thanks to declining productivity and the
increase in rural migration to the cities, the country has become a net food importer. The
government has done little to reverse the situation.
b. It also includes IT sectors, there are no schools, colleges and universities specialized in
providing education in this sector as well as no IT infrastructure in the country for the
development of software and other applications at Government level as we have 300,000 plus
English speaking it experts in Pakistan.

Pollution

c. Water pollution. Main article: Water supply and sanitation in Pakistan. ...

d. Noise pollution. The megacities of Pakistan, such as Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad and Rawalpindi,
face the issue of noise pollution. ...
e. Air pollution. ...
f. Clean Green Champion Program. ...
g. Billion Tree Tsunami. ...
h. National Conservation Strategy. ...
i. Protected areas.
4. Suppose your head of media house, suggest measures to successfully run campaign for SOPs
implementation during coming covid-19 surge?
5. Social medial laws? Check and balance? How is that possible? Which countries have such laws
intact?
6. India and USA Relation and impacts on the region geopolitics?
a. Strategic Partnership and Defense Sales. Indian defense capabilities , defense technology and
trade initiative (DTTI) (Pakistan, india relations are not good, zero sum game work here, india is
 engaged in sponsoring terrorism in Pakistan and playing its role in Afghanistan and Iran for
this.
b. India’s Self-Perceived Asian Role.Greater contribution on maritime collaboration and
intelligence sharing (SAARC Paralyzed due to Indian attitude )
c. India’s Strategic Autonomy and Enhanced Capabilities.
d. India and china border as well as water issues also, (USA Policy to counter china, china is a
major economic power now.)
e. Russia’s concern relevant to increasing tilt of India towards USA.
7. What is global commons?

Global commons have been traditionally defined as those parts of the planet that fall outside
national jurisdictions and to which all nations have access. International law identifies four global
commons, namely the High Seas, the Atmosphere, the Antarctica and the Outer Space.

8. What is lemaos?
9. Difference between republicanism and democratization?

The major difference between a democracy and a republic is that a republic is a form of government

whereas a democracy is an ideology that helps shape how a government is run. Put another way:
a republic is the system of government that allows a country to be democratic!

The two great points of difference between a democracy and a republic are: first, the delegation [size] of
the government, in the latter [republic], to a small number of citizens elected by the rest; secondly, the
greater number of citizens and greater sphere of country over which the latter [republic] may be
extended.

Democracy Republic

Athenian Democracy in Greece is an early example The early example of the Republic is the Roman Republic
of democracy. (510 BC -27 BC).

There are 3 major types of democracy – Direct The 5 types of Republics are Constitutional Republic,
democracy, Representative Democracy, Parliamentary Republic, Presidential Republic, Federal
Constitutional Democracy Republic, Theocratic Republic.

In Democracy the power is in the hands of the In the Republic, power is in the hands of individual citizens.
people

In a democratic system, laws are made by the In the Republic system, laws are made by the elected
majority. representatives of the people.

In a democracy, the will of the majority has the In the Republic system, the will of the majority cannot be
right to override the existing rights. overridden since the constitution will protect those rights. 

A country can have more than 1 type of A country can have more than 1 type of Republic
 democracy.

In a Democracy there are no constraints on the In a Republic there are constraints on the Government.
Government 

In a Democracy, the main focus is the general will In a Republic, the main focus is on the Constitution.
of the people. 

10. What is press note and press release?

A statement made by government officials, state departments or other government organizations to

media for publicizing or broadcasting. Press Release.it is written by a company, organization or
individual and is submitted to the press in a hope that they will publish it.

A press release is an official statement delivered to members of the news media for the purpose of
providing information, creating an official statement, or making an announcement directed for public
release. Press releases are also considered a primary source, meaning they are original informants for
information.

A good press release is one A4 page long, an average of 300-400 words long. You should be aiming for 3-
4 short paragraphs. Each paragraph should only be 3-4 sentences long. In the same way, your sentences
should be 20-25 words long.

Press notes should be prepared in the most logical manner and with suitable words. They are means to
build a good public opinion regarding the government. A press release is a handbill contains information
about activities of organization.

11. Molana Muhammad alijohar , his views and works?

Muhammad Ali Jauhar, also known as Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, was an Indian Muslim activist,
journalist and a poet, and was among the leading figures of the Khilafat Movement. Mohammad Ali
Jauhar was a product of the Aligarh Movement.Born: December 10, 1878, Rampur, IndiaDied: January 4,
1931, London, United Kingdom, worked in AIML, founder of JamiaMiliaislamia,

Joined first round table conference. Formulated the 14 th points presented by Quaid, made the
constitution of Muslim league,

a. Urged the muslims through hamdard 1913 and the comarade in 1911 to take part in politics
supported the quaidazam and his views.
b. He became firm opponents of British rule under the combined shock of the Balkan wars and
Kanpur Mosque incident in 1913
c. He launched his famous weekly The Comrade, in English, from Calcutta, on January 14, 1911
Later in 1913 he started publishing an Urdu-language daily Hamdard as well.
 d. Jauhar was among the founders of All India Muslim League and attended first meeting in Dhaka
in 1906. He served as its president in 1918 and remained active in the League till 1928.

12. Compare poetry of bullay shah and mian Muhammad bukhash?

13. After USA pull out who will be the stake holders in Afghanistan?
a. The major stakeholder are Afghanistan Govt, afghan Taliban and other groups resident of
Afghanistan, Pakistan, china and Iran are the main stakeholders after USA pull out from
Afghanistan, Actually USA Wants to keep an eye over the entire region(especially on the
activities of china and Iran) by staying in Afghanistan, she is also demanding air Basis from
Pakistan which Pakistan has absolutely denied and now she is trying to have basis in central
Asian states but Russian influence is more in central Asian states .
14. Problems / issues faced by manufacturing sector in and construction in Pakistan?
a. These problems may broadly be grouped into industrial and trade policy distortions, a
narrow industrial base, low productivity levels, poor quality of products, the role of public sector
enterprises, higher costs of production, problems in the regulatory framework, and weak
infrastructure.

b. Controversial Industrial development strategies. ...

c. Lack of capital. ...
d. Narrowness of market. ...
e. Poor quality of Industrial Labour. ...
f. Lack of infrastructure facilities. ...
g. Lack of technical know-how. ...
h. Promotes specialization. ...
i. Rise in agricultural production.
j.  a narrow industrial base, low productivity levels, poor quality of products, the role of public
sector enterprises, higher costs of production, problems in the regulatory framework, and weak
infrastructure.
15. What is strategic depth? Does nuclear state needs strategic depth?

Strategic depth is a term in military literature that broadly refers to the distances between the front
lines or battle sectors and the combatants' industrial core areas, capital cities, heartlands, and other
key centers of population or military production.

The key precepts any military commander must consider when dealing with strategic depth are how
vulnerable these assets are to a quick, preemptive attack or to a methodical offensive and whether a
country can withdraw into its own territory, absorb an initial thrust, and allow the subsequent offensive
to culminate short of its goal and far from its source of power.
  The concept of Strategic Depth emerges from the realm of military operations and it usually
denotes the distance between enemy forces and the main centres of gravity of a country. These
centres could be military frontlines, bases, or industrial and commercial hubs. For a military
professional, the greater the distance that has to be traversed by enemy forces to reach these
bases, the better are the chances of a successful defensive operation. This is primarily because it
gives the defender more time and space to organise the defence and stretches the enemy’s
logistical chain.

 In more contemporary times, some in Pakistan have justified meddling in Afghanistan so that they
can attain ‘strategic depth’ in case of a war with India. This, however, logically means that the
Pakistani military will desert its people and the country and operate out of Afghanistan to fight
India. 

16. Elements of national power and where Pakistan is stand on these?

In a simple way we can discuss the following seven elements of National Power:

 Geography.
 Natural Resources. (a) Raw Materials. (b) Food.
 Population.
 Economic Development and Industrial Capacity.
 Technology.
 Military Preparedness.
 Ideology.
 Leadership.
 Pakistan has a good strategic location, as well as a nuclear power. 59% population is young and
leading towards more economic growth despite having some crucial challenges. However Pakistan has
leadership crisis and not exploiting it natural resources at full pace.

17. Over population- is it good or bad for country? Over population liability or asset? Measures to
control it?
a. There are some benefits of overpopulation, more people means more labor force, it
can product more things, and more people will buy the products, However, the growth
of population should be similar to the food supply, so overpopulation will cause lack of food, and as
the rate of growth of population exceeds the rate of production, economic development is
hampered.
b. “given that there is a fixed quantity of land, population growth will eventually reduce the amount
of resources that each individual can consume, ultimately resulting in disease, starvation, and war.”

c. Various Causes of Overpopulation

a. 1. The Decline in the Death Rate
b. 2. Agricultural Advancements
c. 3. Better Medical Facilities
 d. 4. More Hands to Overcome Poverty
e. 5. Child Labor
f. 6. Technological Advancement in Fertility Treatment
g. 7. Immigration
h. 8. Lack of Family Planning
i. 9. Poor Contraceptives Use
d. Fatal Effects of Overpopulation
a. 1. Depletion of Natural Resources
b. 2. Degradation of Environment
c. 3. Conflicts and Wars
d. 4. Rise in Unemployment
e. 5. High Cost of Living
f. 6. Pandemics and Epidemics 
g. 7. Malnutrition, Starvation and Famine
h. 8. Water Shortage
i. 9. Lower Life Expectancy
j. 10. Extinction
k. 11. Increased Intensive Farming
l. 12. Faster Climate Change
e. Incredible Solutions To Overpopulation
a. 1. Better Education
b. 2. Education for Girl Child
c. 3. Making People Aware of Family Planning
d. 4. Tax Benefits or Concessions
e. 5. Knowledge of Sex Education

18. Sikhs asking for referendum in India-when do you see it happening?

The demand for referendum has been raised under the flag of Khalistan movement. It was
planned in 2020 , however now it has been scheduled in 2022 due to presence of covid in 2020.

19. What is Quad and its importance?

a. The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue is a strategic dialogue between the United States, Japan,
Australia and India that is maintained by talks between member countries.started in 2007.
b.  The core objectives of the QUAD is to secure a rules-based global order, liberal trading system
and freedom of navigation. It seeks to contain a 'rising China' and work against its predatory
trade and economic policies.
c. Latest meeting was on march 12 2021 virtual meeting. It remained unsuccessful in the sense that
there was no joint statement against china as hoped by USA President, however On the contrary,
the most significant outcomes of the summit are related to COVID-19 vaccine production,
facilitating cooperation over emerging technologies, and mitigating climate change.
20. Number of intelligence agencies in Pakistan?

a. Inter-Services Intelligence
 b. Federal Investigation Agency
c. Defence intelligence services
d. Intelligence Bureau
e. National Intelligence Directorate and others
f. National Crises Management Cell
g. Financial Monitoring Unit
21. What is zero sum game?

In game theory and economic theory, a zero-sum game is a mathematical representation of a situation
in which an advantage that is won by one of two sides is lost by the other. If the total gains of the
participants are added up, and the total losses are subtracted, they will sum to zero.

22. Total external debt / liabilities of Pakistan?

a. According PES 20-21 Total debt recorded is Rs 38006 billion and in terms of dollar it is
$81.6 billion, while domestic is Rs 25552 billion and external debt is Rs 12454.
23. What are the basic principles of management?
a. At the most fundamental level, management is a discipline that consists of a set of five
general functions: planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling. These five
functions are part of a body of practices and theories on how to be a successful
manager.
b. four commonly accepted functions of management that encompass these necessary
skills: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
24. How should the personality of a person? How should be the behavior of a PMSOfficer?

Here are the most important leadership qualities and skills to look for in a great leader.

 Communication, leadership, determined and dedicated, responsible

 Integrity.
 Accountability.
 Empathy.
 Humility.
 Resilience.
 Vision.
 Influence.

25. What is poverty ?measures to remove it . (SDG Goal 1 No poverty)

Poverty is the state of not having enough material possessions or income for a person's basic needs.
Poverty may include social, economic, and political elements. Absolute poverty is the complete lack of
the means necessary to meet basic personal needs, such as food, clothing, and shelter.

Multi-dimensional poverty index MDI
 Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) published by the UN in 2010. It measures poverty as an acute
deprivation of essential aspects of life. It measures three key targets – living standards, education and
healthcare.

 Absolute poverty.
 Relative Poverty.
 Situational Poverty.
 Generational Poverty.
 Rural Poverty.
 Urban Poverty.
 Measures are as follows.
 1. Create jobs · 2. Raise the minimum wage · 3. Increase the Earned Income Tax Credit for
childless workers · 4. Support pay equity · 5. Provide paid
26. What is economic empowerment of women?

Empowerment is the degree of autonomy and self-determination in people and in communities. This
enables them to represent their interests in a responsible and self-determined way, acting on their own
authority.

Women's economic empowerment includes women's ability to participate equally in existing markets;

their access to and control over productive resources, access to decent work, control over their own
time, lives and bodies; and increased voice, agency and meaningful participation in economic decision-
making at all

27. Priorities of federal and Punjab govt in budget?

28. What is tax to GDP Ratio ?
a. The tax to GDP ratio is 9.6% PES 20-21
b. Total GDP is Rs47.709 trillion and $ 299 billion
c. Tax to GDP Ratio is 80%
29. Difference between Pakistani and international media?

Media- Media are the communication outlets or tools used to store and deliver information or
data. The term refers to components of the mass media communications industry, such as print media,
publishing, the news media, photography, cinema, broadcasting, digital media, and advertising. 

The term media coverage is used to refer to all blog articles, RSS feeds, video content or other types of
digital content (produced by individuals or organisations other than your own company) where your
brand, products or services are discussed or shown.

International media is a concept that grew from many theoretical approaches and technological
advances. It is communication from varied media that shape our global context through various political,
economic, social, and cultural factors.
National pertains to a single country and involves people from that country only. International means
involvement of two or more countries of the world.

30. What is your intake about freedom of expression in case of media?

31. What do you know about akhuwut and major areas of its working?

Akhuwat Foundation is a nonprofit organization based in Pakistan that works to create a poverty-free
society. It was founded in 2001 by Dr. Muhammad AmjadSaqib who is the Executive Director of the
organization. Akhuwat's head office is located in Lahore and it has over 800 branches across 400 cities of
Pakistan.

Akhuwat is the world's largest Islamic micro-finance organization. Since 2001, Akhuwat has been
working for poverty alleviation by empowering socially and economically marginalized segments of
the society through its various poverty alleviation projects.

a. 100 for million

b. Clothes Bank
c. Corona
d. Education
e. EidulAdha
f. Fitrana
g. Interest free emergency loan fund d2f
h. Interest free micro finance.
i. Transgender support
j. zakat
32. Can you name 5 pakistani inducted by Biden administration?
a. Dilawarsyed (deputy director of small business administration
b. Salman Ahmed (national security and foreign policy advisor)
c. Ali Zaidi (deputy national climate advisor)
d. Lina Khan (federal regulator)
e. Zahidqureshi ( judge for the district of New Jersey)
f. Sameerafazili (from occupied kasmir)
g. Aisha shah (from occupied kasmir)
33. What do you know about string of pearls?

The String of Pearls is a geopolitical hypothesis proposed by United States political researchers in 2004.
The term refers to the network of Chinese military and commercial facilities and relationships along its
sea lines of communication, which extend from the Chinese mainland to Port Sudan in the Horn of
Africa.
'String of Pearls' refers to a geopolitical theory to the network of Chinese intentions in India Ocean
Region (IOR). Precisely, it refers to the network of Chinese military and commercial facilities developed
by China in countries falling on the Indian Ocean between the Chinese mainland and Port Sudan.

Impact of String of Pearls on India:

Their presence will pose a threat to India's security through the water. Impact on the Indian economy –
Indian resources will be diverted towards defense and security. Thus, the economy will not reach its
potential hampering economic growth.

34. What is happening in Arabian sea?

35. G-7 Summit ,nato summit, b3w, clean green initiatve?
36. Terbela dam capacity and allied data?

Tarbela Dam is an earth-filled dam along the Indus River in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.
Located in the Haripur mainly and in some area of Swabi of the province, the dam is about 30 km from
the city of Swabi, 105 km northwest of Islamabad, and 125 km east of Peshawar. Wikipedia

Address: Tarbela Dam Rd, Topi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Hours: 
Open ⋅ Closes 5PM
Description
Total capacity: 13.69 km3 (11,100,000 acre⋅ft)
Installed capacity: 4,888 MW; 6,298 MW (max)
Construction began: 1968
Opened: 1976
Construction cost: 1.497 billion USD (USD 11.1 billion,2020)
Impound: Indus River

37. What is small dam?

There is no universally accepted meaning of the term "small dam". A is frequently considered as being
more than 20 metres high. ... In fact, there is no need for any precise demarcation between small and
large dams.

Precise definitions vary, but a "small hydro" project is less than 50 megawatts (MW), and can be further
subdivide by scale into "mini" (<1MW), "micro" (<100 kW), "pico" (<10 kW).

Naryab dam etc

38. Punjabi sufi poets considered themselves as female while writing the poetry why?
a. There are three assumptions about this, the first one is that women were the main
decision maker in drawer era so Punjabi poet addressed the women.
b. The second one is that she is the symbol of fragility and full with passion and spirit
c. The third one is that women is lover and man is to beloved
 39. Pakistan Russia relationships?

Russian FM visit to Pakistan after one decade, he give the message of viladimirputin to Prime minister
Imran khan. Offered blank cheque in terms of cooperation in the field of trade, commerce, defence,
infrastructure development, science, technology and climate change and counter terrorism , renovation
of Pakistan steel mill etc. Russia supported Pakistan in 2018 In FATF meetings. In past relationship of
Pakistan and Russia was not good because Pakistan sided with USA, Supported USA in cold war Era and
Russia sided with India in 1965 war , tashkant declaration was signed with the help of Russia. Russia
invaded Afghanistan and during this Pakistan supported USA stance.

a. Both countries have long history of hostility and estranement.

b. Past action was not wise on the part of Pakistan.
c. Both countries should have strong relations with each other.
d. Russian is the part of BRI and pro-china attitude and Russia show its willingness to
become part of cpec.
e. This all was due to evolving regional situation .
40. Do you think Russian president will visit Pakistan in near future? Do you think Russia and china
will include Pakistan in their future plans?
 The relationships between Pakistan and Russia are being normalized day by day, as FM of Russia
visited Pakistan after almost one decade.
 Russia willingness to become part of CPEC.
 Pakistan and Russia also have signed north south Gas Piple line renamed as Pakistan stream gas
pipe line , connecting Karachi to Lahore 1122 KM, Costing & 2.25 billion with Pakistan share 74%
in this project.
 Russia also offered to build Pakistani part of Iran Pakistan Gas pipe line.
 So, all these points depicts that the relations will be improved between both the countries but it
will take time for Russian president visit To Pakistan.
41. Do you thing Muslim world is divided or not?
 I believe that muslimummah is divided on the basis of sect, Sunni and Shia ,states group led
Saudi Arabia and iran respectively.
 It is divided on the basis of international power alliances.
 Muslim ummah is also divided on regional alliances basis.
42. What is your opinion about foreign policy of Pakistan?
 Pakistan adopted right now neither Dovish nor hawkish policy , Pakistan is committed toward
having cooperative relations with all its neighbor, regional countries as well as global powers
based on trust, mutual cooperation and Pakistan is also a transit economy also.
43. Independence movements in India?

Separatist movement in Kashmir , demanding independence of Kashmir from India and

Indian government. It is the most active separatist movement in India, which is supported
by Pakistan and various terrorist groups.
 Separatist movement in Assam , where United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) demands
a separate nation for the Assamese. ULFA is a designated terrorist group and Indian Army
is fighting the insurgents more or less on a regular basis, just like in Kashmir albeit little
less. There is another insurgent group in Assam called MULTA (Muslim United Liberation
Tigers of Assam) which demands a separate country for Muslims of Assam. Apart from
these, there are a few other small separatist groups as well, which operate in Assam
Separatist movement in Nagaland , where NSCN demands separate country for Nagas.
However, with recent peace accords, it seems the separatist movement has almost ended,
though the groups continue to press for certain other demands.
Apart from the separatist movements that have been discussed above, there is Khalistani separatist
movement which is completely dormant and almost non-existent in India…. though the members of
Khalistani separatist movements still secretly operate from Canada, UK and Australia but have a very
limited influence. It seeks secession of Punjab from India and create a separate country for Sikhs. As of
now, Khalistani movement is dead but intelligence agencies are always on their toes so that it does not
revive.

There is also a separatist movement in Tripura, led by National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT), which
seeks secession from India and an independent nation called Tripuri. However, this movement does not
enjoy enough support from people and is not a major threat to the country or people of the region.

PS - I have deliberately not put the name of Tamil separatist movement, as the movement is not fiercely
secessionist in nature and lacks support from the Tamils. The fraction of Tamils involved in the
movement is basically so less that it can be ignored for all practical purpose to be perceived as any
threat.

44. USA and Pakistan recent developments?

 I believe that at the current time relations between Pakistan and USA are not good i.e
 Mr. Biden showed cold shoulder towards Pakistan and did not invite Pakistan in climate change
summit despite of the fact the Pakistan is among to 10 countries affected by climate change.
 USA is in haste to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan without any political settlement there
that is also point of concern for Pakistan.
 Prime Minister of Pakistan also said “Absolutely not” regarding the permission of giving its
military basis to carry out counter terrorism operations in Afghanistan, that is the point of
concern of USA.
 Pakistan also declined join any USA Led alliance to counter china.
45. Sustainability of EhsaasPrograme ?kamyabnujawanprogramme
 The Ehsaas program strategy is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Eleven
out of the 17 goals are in alignment with the SDG framework. Especially relevant goals include
SDG 1 (elimination of all forms of poverty — its targets, inter alia, include implementing
nationally appropriate social protection systems and achievement of substantial coverage of the
poor and the vulnerable); SDG 2 (zero hunger); SDG 3 (good health and well-being); SDG 4
(quality education); SDG 5 (women’s empowerment and gender equality); SDG 6 (clean water
and sanitation); SDG 8 (full and productive work); SDG 9 (innovation); SDG 13 (climate action);
SDG 10 (reducing inequality); SDG 17 (partnerships).”
 There are at least six federal-provincial streams of engagement across Ehsaas. First, several
Ehsaas federal programmes have a provincial footprint (Kifalat, Tahafuz, interest free loans,
graduation initiatives, Ehsaas TV, One-Window Ehsaas resources, portal to pool all free
government online resources, District Development Portal to facilitate data-driven decision-
making). Second, in other programmes, cost-sharing arrangements are in place (e.g., Insaf card).
Third, the normative and policy work that the federal Ehsaas did will be available to the
provinces as well (new policy for the differently abled, new policy for orphanages, commitments
policy to harness civil society and the private sector’s role, new system of schools for
marginalised children, new institutional window of support for the most marginalised, the new
policy to bring the informal sector into the social security net, the solutions innovation challenge
policy). In the fourth place, we are harmonising policy with the provinces so that the provincial
Ehsaas plans can factor into the existing quantifiable goals, which have been stipulated in the
strategy document. Fifth, the national socio-economic database that is being developed will be
available to the provinces free of cost for them to base their work on. Sixth, the Ehsaas app will
be accessible country-wide. Finally, the Ehsaas framework under its governance section has a
set of asks of the provinces to make the government pro-poor.
 It is a poverty alleviation programme which has several sub program that include EhsasKafaalat,
Ehsaswaseela e taleem, Digital EhsasNashunuma, Ehsas interest free loan, Ehsasamdad and
ehsas undergraduate scholarship , ehsas health card , Ehsas emergency cash program,
 Ehsaas National Socio-Economic Registry,
 EhsaasKafaalat Program
 Ehsaas Emergency Cash
 PM’s COVID-19 Fund Portal
 EhsaasRashan Portal
 IT hubs and incubators in 450 BISP offices
 EhsaasNashonuma
 Undergraduate student scholarships
 Education CCT 
 Commercialization policy for specialized nutrition food
 Orphanages policy and reform
 Support to the marginalized (Tahafuz Window integration)
 Schools for the marginalized
 Women's centers.
 Graduation and interest free loans
 EhsaasAmdan (Income) Programme
 Solution Challenge Policy to build value chains (Rural Transformation Policy for Poverty)
 Policy to support the most marginalized groups
 Tracking portal App
 Data4Pakistan (District Development Portal)
 One window Ehsaas App
 EHSAAS TV
  Governance reforms in safety net institutions
 Tahafuz
 Pledges to Ehsaas
 EhsaasLangar
 Ehsaas Food Card
 Ehsaas Garbage Rickshaw
 EhsaasThela
 Ehsaas Clean Cooking Stoves
 Ehsaas Online Education
 Ehsaas Artisans to Fashion Houses
 Ehsaas platforms for daily wage workers
 Ehsaas micro-credit for daily wage workers

46. Difference between the usage of loan of world bank and IMF?

The World Bank Group works with developing countries to reduce poverty and increase shared
prosperity, while the International Monetary Fund serves to stabilize the international monetary system
and acts as a monitor of the world's currencies.

World Bank is a global financial institution. The IMF focuses on bringing economic stability, whereas

the World Bank laid emphasis on economic growth of the developing nations. The size of the World
Bank is more than three times larger than the size of the International Monetary Fund.

Both institutions include 189 member countries and have vast operations around the world. The World
Bank receives funding by issuing bonds to global investors, while the IMF is financed by quotas from
member countries.

47. USA and china Rivlary and its impacts on Pakistan?

The rivalry between USA and China has affected Pakistan in various dimensions like due to rivalry
between these two powers

 The trust deficit has been widened between Pakistan and USA,
 USA has stopped military aid to Pakistan for counter terrorism.
 The USA making economic and strategic agreements and deals with India that is a point of
concern for Pakistan.
 According to my limited knowledge and observation USA also using its influence in FATF and EU
and IMF for Pakistan.
48. Suomoto , relevant articles , merits and demerits?
 Relating to an action taken by a court of its own accord, without any request by the
parties involved.
 Article 184(3) of the Constitution sets out the Supreme Court’s original jurisdiction, and
enables it to assume jurisdiction in matters involving a question of “public importance”
 with reference to the “enforcement of any of the fundamental rights” of Pakistan’s
citizens.
 Article 184(3) is a powerful mechanism to be used judiciously.

49. Why intolerance in society and suggestions to control it?

 A root cause of intolerance is a lack of empathy.
 Moral Bankruptcy and no character building at the homes and at the educational institutions.
 Religious fanaticism that includes wrong interpretations of religious teachings
 Wars in different parts of the world also pushing the people towards intolerance.
50. New president In Iran and impacts on world?
 Ibrahim Raisi is the new president of Islamic republic of Iran, He is the 8 th president o f Iran.
 Ibrahim Raisi is the hardliner and sanctions were imposed on him by USA .however he declared
in his first press conference that
 Relations with KSA could be normalized if its stops violence in Yemen.(Normalization of relations
with gulf countries)
 He is in favor to revitalize the Iran nuclear deal (wants economic sanctions to be lifted on Iran)
 He said he will not make any contact or talk to USA President.
 He will try to boost up its economy by developing diplomatic and economic relations with other
countries.
51. Suggest reforms to mobilize the society?
 Social mobilization is the primary step of community development for recovery from conflicts
and disasters. It allows people to think and understand their situation and to organize and
initiate action for their recovery with their own initiative and creativity.
 Assess community needs, issues and resources
 Design a social mobilization strategy
 Identify and partner with local organizations
 Design, test and produce social mobilization materials
  Choose and train social mobilizers.
  Implement and monitor social mobilization activities.
52. What is constitution? Why it is necessary? Difference between 1962 and 1973 constitution?
 the basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers
and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it.
 A constitution is an aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that
constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly
determine how that entity is to be governed

53. Why is that Punjabi literature despite having rich history could not find its due place in modern
languages and literature?
 In my opinion it has multiple reasons that includes.
 At first it is not part of curriculum in educational institutions like in other provinces like Sind and
KP and there are no specific courses at intermediate and bachelor levels.
 In educated families or in urban areas, children are never encouraged by parents to speak
Punjabi even while at staying at homes.
  There are now encouragement by the Punjab Government and there are no specialized and
active institution to explore the literature of Punjabi.
 Increasing day by day the lack of interest of the people and globalization of culture due to
digitalization and means of Mass communication is also the reason of this.
54. Who is favorite politician?

Nelson Mandela is my favorite politician at global level as well as at national level I LikeShehbaz Sharif.

55. What is circular debt ?how to control it?

 In Pakistan, circular debt is a public debt which is a cascade of unpaid government subsidies,
which results in accumulation of debt on distribution companies.
 Taking the specific example of Independent Power Producers (IPPs) in Pakistan, they mostly
operate oil-fired or coal-fired plants. The Pakistani government provides them the fuel for which
the IPPs need to pay. On the other hand, the different electricity boards (government owned)
procure power from the IPPs and distribute it to the populace. They charge the public for the
electricity and need to pay the IPPs for the power.
 It often happens that the government is unable to pay the IPPs for the power procured and the
IPPs, in turn, are unable to pay the government for the fuel supplied. This is a classic example of
circular debt.
 Power sector, PIA , Pakistan Steel Mill etc
 How to manage the Circular debt
 improving the governance system in the power sector by limiting line losses and increasing
recoveries.
 performance of top management be measured against key performance indicators (KPIs).
 outrightprivatisation and divestment of the government’s shareholding to get rid of loss-making
companies.
 The Circular Debt is the amount of cash shortfall within the Central Power Purchasing Agency
(CPPA), which it cannot pay to power supply companies. The overdue amount is a result of: (a)
the difference between the actual cost and the tariff determined by National Electric Power
Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) which is the Distribution Company’s loss over and collections
under that allowed by NEPRA, (b) the delayed or non-payment of subsidies by government, and
(c) delayed determination and notification of tariffs. It is the government’s policy to reduce, limit
to a certain amount which would be reduced over time, and eliminate the causes of the circular
Debt.”
 In simple words, the issue of circular debt is related to cash flows in the power sector, which are
affected by the performance of the Distribution Companies (DISCOs) in terms of their collections
and line losses as well as the decisions relating to tariff determination by the regulator (NEPRA)
and subsidy budgeting.
56. What is crypto currency? What is digital and green economy?

Cryptocurrency is a digital payment system that doesn't rely on banks to verify transactions. It's
a peer-to-peer system that can enable anyone anywhere to send and receive payments. Instead
of being physical money that is carried around and exchanged in the real world, cryptocurrency
payments exist purely as digital entries to an online database that describe specific transactions.
 When you transfer cryptocurrency funds, the transactions are recorded in a public ledger. You
store your cryptocurrency in a digital wallet.

Cryptocurrency got its name because it uses encryption to verify transactions. This means
advanced coding is involved in storing and transmitting cryptocurrency data between wallets
and to public ledgers. The aim of the encryption is to provide security and safety.

How Secure Is Cryptocurrency?

Cryptocurrencies are usually built using blockchain technology. Blockchain describes the way
transactions are recorded into "blocks" and time stamped. It's a fairly complex, technical
process, but the result is a digital ledger of cryptocurrency transactions that's hard for hackers
to tamper with.

In addition, transactions require a two-factor authentication process. For instance, you might be
asked to enter a username and password to start a transaction. Then, you might have to enter
an authentication code that's sent via text to your personal cell phone.

While securities are in place, that doesn't mean cryptocurrencies are un-hackable. In fact,
several high-dollar hacks have cost cryptocurrency startups heavily. Hackers hit Coincheck to the
tune of $534 million and BitGrail for $195 million in 2018. That made them two of the biggest
cryptocurrency hacks of 2018, according to Investopedia.

 Bitcoin. Bitcoin is a type of digital currency; it is “cash for the internet.” More specifically, it's
considered cryptocurrency since cryptography facilitates Bitcoin creation and transactions. ...
 Bitcoin Cash. ...
 Litecoin. ...
 Ethereum. ...
 Ripple. ...
 Stellar. ...
 NEO. ...
 Cardan
 Digital currency is any currency, money, or money-like asset that is primarily managed, stored or
exchanged on digital computer systems, especially over the internet. Types of digital currencies
include cryptocurrency, virtual currency and central bank digital currency
 Digital currency is a form of currency that is available only in digital or electronic form, and not
in physical form. It is also called digital money, electronic money, electronic currency, or cyber
cash.
 Digital currencies are currencies that are only accessible with computers or mobile phones, as
they only exist in electronic form.
 Since digital currencies require no intermediary, they are often the cheapest method to trade
currencies.
 All cryptocurrencies are digital currencies, but not all digital currencies are crypto.
 Digital currencies are stable and are traded with the markets, whereas cryptocurrencies are
traded via consumer sentiment and psychological triggers in price movement.
Understanding Digital Currency
Digital currencies are intangible and can only be owned and transacted in by using computers or
electronic wallets connected to the Internet or the designated networks. In contrast, physical currencies,
like banknotes and minted coins, are tangible and transactions are possible only by their holders who
have their physical ownership.

Like any standard fiat currency, digital currencies can be used to purchase goods as well as to pay for
services, though they can also find restricted use among certain online communities, like gaming sites,
gambling portals, or social networks.

Digital currencies have all intrinsic properties like physical currency, and they allow for instantaneous
transactions that can be seamlessly executed for making payments across borders when connected to
supported devices and networks.

For instance, it is possible for an American to make payments in digital currency to a distant
counterparty residing in Singapore, provided that they both are connected to the same network
required for transacting in the digital currency.

Digital currencies offer numerous advantages. As payments in digital currencies are made directly
between the transacting parties without the need of any intermediaries, the transactions are usually
instantaneous and low-cost. This fares better compared to traditional payment methods that involve
banks or clearing houses. Digital currency-based electronic transactions also bring in the necessary
record keeping and transparency in dealings.

Difference between Digital, Virtual, and Crypto Currencies

Since they exist in a lot of variants, digital currencies can be considered a superset of virtual currencies
and cryptocurrencies.

If issued by a central bank of a country in a regulated form, it is called the “Central Bank Digital Currency
(CBDC).” While the CBDC only exists in conceptual form, England, Sweden, and Uruguay are a few of the
nations that have considered plans to launch a digital version of their native fiat currencies. 1 2

Along with the regulated CBDC, a digital currency can also exist in an unregulated form. In the latter
case, it qualifies for being called a virtual currency and may be under the control of the currency
developer(s), the founding organization, or the defined network protocol, instead of being controlled by
a centralized regulator. Examples of such virtual currencies include cryptocurrencies, and coupon- or
rewards-linked monetary systems.

Since cryptocurrencies are unregulated, they are also considered to be virtual currencies.

A cryptocurrency is another form of digital currency which uses cryptography to secure and verify
transactions and to manage and control the creation of new currency units. Bitcoin and ethereum are
the most popular cryptocurrencies.

Essentially, both virtual currencies and cryptocurrencies are considered forms of digital currencies.
Digital Currencies Virtual Currencies Cryptocurrencies

An unregulated digital currency

Regulated or unregulated A virtual currency that uses cryptography
that is controlled by its
currency that is available to secure and verify transactions as well
developer(s), the founding
only in a digital or as to manage and control the creation of
organization, or the defined
electronic form. new currency units.
network protocol.

 Digital economy refers to an economy that is based on digital computing technologies,

although we increasingly perceive this as conducting business through markets based on
the internet and the World Wide Web. The digital economy is also referred to as the
Internet Economy, New Economy, or Web Economy.
 The best example of this is the rise of digital platforms such as Amazon, Uber and
Airbnb. These companies connect market participants together in a virtual world. They
reveal optimal prices and generate trust between strangers in new ways
 The red economy is the byproduct of Fordism (named after Henry Ford), which favors
mass production and considers environmental resources to be unlimited.
 A green economy is an economy that aims at reducing environmental risks and
ecological scarcities, and that aims for sustainable development without degrading the
environment. It is closely related with ecological economics, but has a more politically
applied focus. 
 A green economy is defined as low carbon, resource efficient and socially inclusive. UN
Environment promotes a development path that understands natural capital as a
critical economic asset and a source of public benefits, especially for poor people whose
livelihoods depend on natural resources.
57. What is strategic, economic and military importance south china sea, pacific sea, Arabian sea,
and asia pacific region?
58. What is the importance of Afganistan for USA?
 As a landlocked country neighboring China, Pakistan, Iran and Central Asian
countries, Afghanistan has significant geostrategic and geopolitical importance. ... The country is
rich in natural resources, gas, minerals and oil (worth more than a trillion US dollars according
to some estimates
 It is a safe place for USA to keep an eye upon the activities of not only south and east Asian
countries but also to strengthen its foot holds in central Asian states.

59. What is digital vision of Pakistan?
 A key goal of the Digital Pakistan Policy is to create a digital ecosystem with infrastructure and
institutional frameworks for the rapid delivery of innovative digital services, applications and
content.
Pakistan introduced its first ‘Digital Pakistan policy’ back in 2018. The primary aim of this policy was to
bolster the IT industry by building a digital ecosystem. Taking a step forward PM Imran Khan launched a
‘Digital Pakistan Vision’ in December 2019 with an aim of enhancing connectivity, improving digital
infrastructure, increasing investment in digital skills, promoting innovation, and tech. entrepreneurship.

Tania Aidrus, who quit her position as a Google executive in order to lead the ‘Digital Pakistan Vision’
initiative, is of the view that the digital policy 2018 needs revisiting. In an interview she said:

“In order to have a clear vision on a national level, we need to adapt, change and augment policy. We
have laid out our priority areas but we will revisit the digital policy to align it with current digital
developments,”

Does the question arise whether the new Digital Vision will complement the 2018 policy? It seems that
the 2018 policy was not considered while making a new one, as many of the features are overlapping.
Prime Minister has appointed a 17-member task force on IT and telecommunications, responsible for
advising policy changes and developing strategic plans in order to strengthen the tech ecosystem. The
government has already assigned the Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications
(MoITT) the task of planning and directing IT programs. National IT Board, a department of MoITT also
has the mandate to initiate e-government programs at federal ministries as part of ‘Digital
Transformation’.

According to MsAidrus “The Digital Pakistan project will operate from the PM Office and set the
direction. A combination of private and public stakeholders, including the IT ministry and NITB, must
work together and be aligned for execution and matters related to policy.”

The absence of a globally accepted and secure online payment transaction like PayPal is the primary
obstacle for the Pakistani freelancers and SMEs who want to excel in e-commerce. Using PayPal one can
pay, disburse and receive payments from anywhere in the world. All that needs to be done is getting a
credit card or debit card registered with your PayPal account. There are alternatives to PayPal but its
global acceptance makes it more important.

MsAidrus has denied the media reports that she has promised to bring PayPal and cryptocurrency to
Pakistan.

“Global firms, including Facebook and Google, have a defined mechanism that decides requirements to
enter a country. They are incredibly cautious as they should be,” she said.

“The aim is to offer comfort, legal framework, security, and policy before expecting these companies to
work in Pakistan,” MsAidrus said. “The global platforms need to be protected and we are not in a
position to give them that assurance yet.”

However, she talked about introducing local alternatives of PayPal in Pakistan which may resolve some
of the issues. For instance, NITB is in process of establishing Pakistan’s first e-commerce export platform
similar to Alibaba. The payment gateway will be essentially pre-integrated with PayPal, Visa card,
MasterCard and Alipay that can be connected to local banks and microfinance companies.

Following are the areas focused by digital Pakistan

ACCESS & CONNECTIVITY

 Low-cost devices
 Internet access
 Affordability of data
 Taxation of broadband Internet

DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE

 Regulations and mechanisms for the digital economy

 Identity systems
 Payment solutions

E-GOVERNMENT

 Paperless procurement
 Easy sharing of data within depts.
 Interlink/ expand govt. resources

Digital Skills & Training

 Technical skills
 Bootcamps, vocational opportunities.
 Digital literacy

INNOVATION & ENTREPRENEURSHIP

 Enable the start-up ecosystem

 Ease of business

The future is digital. A solid digital policy needs to be in place to enable Pakistan to grow while facing the
challenges of the digital world. Pakistan’s economic condition is weak due to low exports and high
imports our tax collection system is also inefficient. The lack of government funds makes it inevitable to
borrow from the IMF and others. The devaluation of PKR is also due to the trade deficit and soaring
borrowings.

A well-implemented Digital Policy can help in increasing exports as well as better tax collection. E-
Governance can help the government in making the lives of the people easy and simple and e-
commerce can help the economy to prosper.

Policymakers, economists and industry leaders are having a fierce debate regarding Digital
transformation and its societal and economic impacts. Digitalization tends to disrupt society, concerns
are growing regarding the way it is affecting jobs, salaries, equality, health & care, resource utilization,
and security.

60. What is RAAST and Roshan digital account?

 Raast is Pakistan's first instant payment system that will enable end-to-end digital payments
among individuals, businesses and government entities within seconds. Not only that it will help
bring down the high cost of the transactions making small-value retail payments cheap.
 The mid-January 2021 launch of Raast, a new instant payment system, spearheaded by the State
Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and payments gateway, Karandaaz, is aimed at driving financial inclusion
and enhancing the country's existing digital infrastructure.
 Instant payment is a method of exchanging money and processing payments, allowing for
almost immediate transfer of money between bank accounts, instead of the more typical one to
three business days.
 Banks have developed various payment methods to facilitate the exchange of money that
stimulates the growth of commerce, helps economic development and facilitates flexibility with
lower transaction costs with security. Various payment systems exist today, ranging from
cheque, wire transfer, cards to online transfer.
 Roshan Digital Account is a banking facility available to Non-resident Pakistanis, this facility
allows Pakistani nationals living abroad to have access to banking services within Pakistan
without having to visit a consulate, embassy or a physical bank branch.
 Roshan Digital Account empowers Non-resident Pakistanis to open accounts anytime, anywhere
without visiting a branch in Pakistan. ... You can view your account details including balance by
logging in to Net-banking &UBLDigital App. 5. You can now invest into Stocks & Investment
Certificates as well for attractive returns.
61. What is E.commerce and challenges in Pakistan and Recommendations?
 E-commerce is the buying and selling of good or services via the internet, and the transfer of
money and data to complete the sales. It's also known as electronic commerce or internet
commerce.
 E-Commerce or Electronic Commerce means buying and selling of goods, products, or services
over the internet. ... The standard definition of E-commerce is a commercial transaction which is
happened over the internet. Online stores like Amazon, Flipkart, Shopify, Myntra, Ebay, Quikr,
Olx are examples of E-commerce websites.
  e-commerce is facing challenges including payment gateways, lack of Information and
Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure, multiple taxes on ICT products and lack of e-
payment regulations.

 Cyber & Data Security. When it comes to eCommerce, one of the biggest challenges faced is
security breaches. ...
 Online Identity Verification. ...
 Attracting the Perfect Customer. ...
 Customer Loyalty. ...
 Converting Shoppers into Paying Customers. ...
 Competition & Competitor Analysis. ...
 Price & Shipping. ...
 Product Return & Refund Policies.
62. Poverty alleviation programme by federal and provincial govt?
 Federal Government: The National Poverty Graduation Programme (NPGP) is supported
by the Government of Pakistan and International Fund for Agricultural Development
(IFAD). The Programme aims at assisting the ultra-poor and very poor in graduating out
of poverty on a sustainable basis.
 Ehsas Program which has sub programs.
 Punjab Government: The Southern Punjab Poverty Alleviation Project (SPPAP) will be
implemented in the districts of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar, Muzafargarh and Rajanpur.

63. What do you know about ravi river urban front urban area?

 Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project (RRUDP) is an approved urban

development megaproject in Lahore District, Punjab, Pakistan that runs along the Ravi
River in a northeast to southwest direction.[2] It includes the construction of a 40,000-
hectare (100,000-acre) planned city and the rehabilitation of the Ravi River into a
perennial freshwater body.[3] The project is to be completed in three phases. It is
expected to be the largest riverfront of the world when finished. The project was
inaugurated on 7 August 2020 by the Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan,[4][5] and
construction began in December 2020. [6] As of January 2021, it had attracted US$8
billion in foreign investment.[7]
 The project was designed by the Singapore based architectural firm Meinhardt Group.

Location Lahore District, Punjab, Pakistan

Coordinates 31°37′08″N 74°19′31″E

Status Under construction

Groundbreaking December 2020

Estimated 2023 (Phase I)

completion

Use Riverfront, waterfront

Companies

Architect Meinhardt Group

Developer Ravi Riverfront Development
Authority

Technical details

Cost ₨5 trillion (US$36.63 billion)[1]

Size 40,000 hectares (100,000 acres)

No. of residents 25–35 million (expected)

Proposed 1947

64. Who wrote noori?

 The novel Noori was written by Anwer Ali.
65. Why do you opt Punjabi and mass communication?
 I opt Punjabi due to the multiple reasons that include:
 It is a scoring subject .
 It is my mother tongue and so easy to learn and remember as well as interesting
subject.
 I also learned a lot about Punjabi culture and history of Punjabi by reading this subject.
 I opt Mass communication due to the following reasons:
 Again it is also good scoring subject.
 By reading this subject I will be able write media related essays.
 and also enable me to learn about media related laws and role of media in the
contemporary time.
 I learned about the true meaning of freedom of speech and freedom of expression by
reading this subject.
 Article 19-A is relevant to media.
66. 3 favorite female and male personalities?
 i. Abdul Sattar Edhi. ii.My father .iii. Gen Raheel Sharif. IV Tayyab Urdgan.
 i. Balqees Edhi . ii Dr Ruth Fao
67. 3 male and female favorite journalists?
 Dr Shahid Masood. Shahzaib Khan zada, sami zaydan, Muhammad Jamzum
 Femi okay, Hala Mahir din, Dada nabogeta
68. Favorite classical and modern Punjabi poet?
 Hazrat Sultan Bahu,
 Dr Faqeer Muhammad Faqeer and sharif Kunjahi.
69. What is cpec plus?

 China and Iran Deal Creates CPEC Plus Project In Pakistan | Game Of Billions

70. What are the recent development on Kashmir?

 On 5th August 2019, the india had enacted the “the Jammu and Kashmir reorganization act 2019
and revoked article 370 and 35-a of the constitution of India.
 Pakistan protested against and in front of global community.
 Recently the PM Mr Modi called the all parties conference of Kashmir but that was not
successful. Even a joint statement could not be issued with reference to it.
71. Name three surah on animal names?
 Surat 2, Al Baqarah (The Cow); Surat 6, Al Anaam (The Cattle), Surat 16, Al Nahl (The Bees);
Surat 27, Al Naml (The Ants); Surat 29, Al Ankabut (The Spider); and Surat 105, Al Fil (The
Elephant).
72. Why Sargodha is called Sargodha?why it is city of eagles?
 Sargodha is commonly known as the city of eagles due to its strategic defensive location and
the presence of PAF Base Mushaf. People of Sarghoda are very patriotic and immensely support
the Pakistani Army and Air Force. ... The city is famous for citrus fruits production and has the
largest orange producing districts.
 The term “Sargodha” has its origins in the words “sar” meaning “pond” and “godha” meaning
“sadhu”. ... In Punjabi, “sar” is used for pond, so it is named as “Sargodha” which means “Pond
of Godha”.
73. what is press note ? what is the balance of payment of ratio?
 A press release is an official statement delivered to members of the news media for the purpose
of providing information, creating an official statement, or making an announcement directed
for public release. Press releases are also considered a primary source, meaning they are original
informants for information.
 A press note is a statement meant to inform journalists about some developments that a
company, organization or individual thinks is important and should be put into the public
domain through media.
 The balance of payments of a country is the difference between all money flowing into the
country in a particular period of time and the outflow of money to the rest of the world.
 BOP=Current Account+Financial Account+ Capital Account+Balancing Item. The current
account records the flow of income from one country to another. The financial account records
the flow of assets from one country to another.
74. Steps taken by govt to raise the standard of people and steps for women empowerment?
 Various steps have been taken by the Govt of Pakistan to raise the standard of people that
includes the following:
 Creation of dedicated poverty alleviation & Social Safety devision by public and private sectors.
 Launch of Ehsas Program, continuation of BISP, Ehsas kafalat cash transfers.
 Introduction of Ehsas emergency cash programe.
 Reorienting of PSDP up to Rs 900 billion and include pro poor and less developed areas.
 Launch of Sehat Insaf card.
 National Nutrition program.Blue economy policy 2020, Digital vision 2025 of Pakistan to uplift
the status of common people in the country and further it include, 2 million jobs as mentioned
in the Budget fy2021-22 to include 60% of the youth and Extension of conditional cash transfer
to student from 500,750 to 1500 and 200 for boys and girls student respectively.
75. Issues faced by your journalist?
 They are confronting too many difficulties including Job security, threats, professional training,
tight deadlines, and excessive work hours. Moreover, the respondents unveiled that these
problems are adversely affecting their work performance by causing certain physical and mental
health issues.
 These include long hours (after all, news never sleeps), high competition for jobs and a
constantly-shifting media landscape that requires journalists to consistently learn about new
technologies and new forms of reporting.
76. Media laws? Media laws and bills passed in last decades? Bills passed in the era of current govt?
 Press council ordinance 2002, the defamation ordinance 2002, the press, Newspaper, News
Agencies and Books Registration Ordinance 2002,the newspaper Employees (Terms of services
Act 1973, Pakistan panel code 1860, The telegraph act 1885, the post office act 1898, the
contempt of court act 1973, The Pakistan Tele communication (Re-organization act 1996) also
contains provisions dealing with the free Expression and Media freedom. PEMRA 2002.
 Pakistan Media development authority bill 2021
77. Camparison of last the federal govt,Punjab govt?
 Last federal Govt was more inclined to infrastructure development of the country like CPEC
projects and road networks, Moderate relations with india, across the board actions against
terrorists like enacting the national action plan.
 The Current Govt slogans is across the board accountability, Having Good foreign policy ,
relations based on the economy with other countries like KSA, UAE. Special focus towards
promoting tourism, working on Kashmir issue as well, trying to build soft image of the country.
78. Why Punjabi poet adapted poetry why not adopted nasr to address the people?
 I believe that poet opted for poetry because people are more interested towards poetry and
long message can be conveyed in few words by using few verses of poetry.
79. Difference b/w fiscal and monetary policy?
 Monetary policy refers to the central Bank activities that are directed towards influencing the
quantity of money and credit in an economy. By contrast , fiscal policy refers to The Govt’s
decision about taxation and spending. Both monetary and fiscal policies are used to regulate
economic activities over time.
80. Who started swadeshi movements and why?
 When Lord Curzon, then Viceroy of India, announced the partition of Bengal in July 1905, Indian
National Congress, initiated Swadeshi movement in Bengal. Swadeshi movement was launched
as a protest movement which also gave a lead to the Boycott movement in the country.
  Bal Gandadhar Tilak encouraged Swadeshi and Boycott movement after the British government
decided the partition of Bengal.
81. Who wrote Pakistan resolution? who formulated wardha scheme and what was it?
 The facts are that the resolution was drafted by Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Nawab
Muhammad Ismail Khan, Sir Sikander Hayat Khan and Malik Barkat Ali on the evening of March
21, at the residence of Nawab Iftikhar Hussain Mamdot in Lahore.

 Pakistan resolution or declaration of independence of Pakistan, was written and prepared by

Muhammad Zafarullah Khan[1][2][3] and was presented by A. K. Fazlul Huq, the Prime Minister of
Bengal, was a formal political statement adopted by the All-India Muslim League on the occasion
of its three-day general session in Lahore on 22–24 March 1940. The resolution called for
independent states as seen by the statement:

 That geographically contiguous units are demarcated regions which should be constituted, with
such territorial readjustments as may be necessary that the areas in which the Muslims are
numerically in a majority as in the North Western and Eastern Zones of (British) India should be
grouped to constitute ‘independent states’ in which the constituent units should be
autonomous and sovereign.
 The actual day when the resolution was passed was March 24. It was only presented on March
23. Lastly, the word “states” and not “state” was mentioned
 Zakir Hussain to formulate the scheme of basic education in India. The report submitted by the
committee and published in March 1938, came to be known as Wardha scheme of education.
 It was approved by Mahatma Gandhi and was placed before the Indian National Congress at its
Haripura session held in March,1938.
82. Three famous muslim journalist in the sub continent?
 Mulana Muhammad Ali Johar, Mulanaza zafar ali Khan, Mulana Hasrat Mohani,
83. What is drop out ratio? What is snc?
 Drop out ratio is 5.7%.
 Single National Curriculum (SNC) Vision. One system of Education for all, in terms of curriculum,
medium of instruction and a common platform of assessment so that all children have a fair and
equal opportunity to receive high quality education.
84. Who wrote noori and mawatay? What is mawaty?
85. Moulana Muhammad aliJohar role in journalism, sir syedahmed khan, zafarali, abdul kalamazad.
86. What is effective communication, barriers to communication?
 Effective communication is a process of exchanging ideas, thoughts, knowledge and information
such that the purpose or intention is fulfilled in the best possible manner. In simple words, it is
nothing but the presentation of views by the sender in a way best understood by the receiver.
 Clear, correct, concise and complete message , consideration of the receivers and courtesy of
the sender as well as reliable.

Barriers Involving Words

 Language.Ambiguity and Overuse of Abstractions, Disorganised Message:

  Information Overload:

Barriers Involving People’s Background

 Attitudinal Differences: Demographic Differences: Lack of Common Experience or Perspective:

Jumping to Conclusions:.

Physical Barriers

 Physical Distance: Noise: The environment or the communication system sometimes involve
unwanted noise which interrupts the process of communication making it inefficient.
 Physiological Barriers: One of the most common barriers to effective communication is the
physical disability of the people involved. Some of these are hearing impairment, poor eyesight,
stammering, etc.

87. Who is shehzad qaiser?

 Shehzad qaaiser is the nover writer of Gal vich paim pareet muhaar.
88. B3w and BRI?

BRI: B3W:
It is Chinese programe started in 2013 and  It is announced by G-7 countries to start
have almost 2600 projects in more than Build Back Better world partnership
100 countries connecting Asia, central programe (B3W) to invest $ 4 trillion in
asia,Europe and Africa also. Its cost is low income countries due to negative
about $1.2 bn to $ 1.3 bn. impact of covid-19
 The Belt and Road Initiative, known in  Its aim to challenge BRI.
Chinese and formerly in English as One  B3W Focus on climate change , health,
Belt One Road or OBOR for short, is a digital technology , gender equality and
global infrastructure development strategy equity.
adopted by the Chinese government in
2013 to invest in nearly 70 countries and
international organizations.
Purpose: Promote economic development and
inter-regional connectivity
 According to world bank BRI Projects
could move at 7 million people out of
poverty and it could boost world trade
about 6.2%.

89. Population of Pakistan? Growth rate ?either it is liability or asset. Measures to control it?
 According to PES-2020-2021 the population Pakistan is 215.25 million and the population
growth rate is 1.8%
 Out of this 215 million population only working class is 55 million while due to negative impact
of covid it is just now 62 million. And the unemployment rate is 9.6% in the country only 18%
women are the part of working class. While the 59% population is between the ages of 15 years
 to 59 years. So the remaining 153 million people are generating nothing for the social and
economic development of the country which is proving liability of the country.
90. What is meant by liability and asset?
 total resources of a person or business, as cash, notes and accounts receivable, securities,
inventories, goodwill, fixtures, machinery, or real estate.
 An asset is a resource with economic value that an individual or corporation owns or controls
with the expectation that it will provide a future benefit.
 A liability is a financial obligation of a company that results in the company's future sacrifices of
economic benefits to other entities.
 Liabilities are any debts your company has, whether it's bank loans, mortgages, unpaid bills,
IOUs, or any other sum of money that you owe someone else. If you've promised to pay
someone a sum of money in the future and haven't paid them yet, that's a liability.
91. What is inflation, reasons and measures?
 Inflation is a decrease in the purchasing power of money, reflected in a general increase in the
prices of goods and services in an economy.
 Demand-Pull Inflation, Cost-push inflation, Supply-side inflation Open Inflation, Repressed
Inflation, Hyper-Inflation, are the different types of inflation. Increase in public spending,
hoarding, tax reductions, price rise in international markets are the causes of inflation. These
factors lead to rising prices.

 Monetary policy – Higher interest rates reduce demand in the economy, leading to lower
economic growth and lower inflation.
 Control of money supply – Monetarists argue there is a close link between the money
supply and inflation, therefore controlling money supply can control inflation.

92. What is literacy rate?

 60% in Pakistan. The literacy rate is defined by the percentage of the population of a given age
group that can read and write.
93. Relationship between democracy and economic prosperity?
 Strong democracy and economic prosperity are directly proportional to each other.
 During the era of democracy , institutions are independent and there is across the board
accountability and the public and public institutions have strong relationship and work side by
side for the welfare of the country. So the economic indicators show positive results which raise
the standard of living of the masses and bring soft image of the country with strong economic
relations with other countries.
94. You have worked in private sector? How you will add value in public sector?
 Yes of course I am working in private sector since 2012, I learned during all this period how to
achieve the targets and work in the competitive environment , how to absorb the pressure, I
learned to work while remaining among the people having diversity of culture and as well I am
working at the managerial post. So all this tenure have broadened my vision and skills, I believe
that by joining the public sector by utilizing all these experiences and skills I will be able to
 ensure smooth public service delivery and serve the public at grass root level by working in
various horizontal and vertical domains.
95. Problems in public sector and their solution
 The public sector institutions in Pakistan are inefficient areas where poor governance, delayed
processes, corruption, political and individual influences, lack of resources, low protection and
salaries of public employees are prevailing causes.
96. What do you know about ashfaqahmed “Tali”?
97. What is chandanrakhtyvehra ?who is favrt poet and verses?
98. What is gdp and next year value for direct and indirect taxes, which is better and why?
 Gross domestic product (GDP) is the total monetary or market value of all the finished goods and
services produced within a country's borders in a specific period of time.
 FBR TAX Revenues:5829 billion. ( Direct Taxes :2182 + Indirect taxes : 3647)=5829
99. Which factors cause increase in GDP?

Six Factors Of Economic Growth

 Natural Resources. The discovery of more natural resources like oil, or mineral deposits
may boost economic growth as this shifts or increases the country's Production
Possibility Curve. ...
 Physical Capital or Infrastructure. ...
 Population or Labor. ...
 Human Capital. ...
 Technology. ...
 Law.

100. Ranking of Pakistan in CPI?

101. Which country in the world have polio and why? Name of vaccine of polio?
102. Other viruses name and their vaccines name?
103. What are adaman island?
104. Who is final authority for signing any approval in cooperatives department?
105. Current media restrictions?
106. Electronic and print media analysis?
107. Tell about preparation journalism?
108. Journalism and mass communication?
109. Have your heard about blitzkrieg? What is RSS?
110. Who was hitler? Details of ww2 and ww1
111. Dams in Pakistan ? details
112. Problems faced by business community?
113. Discussion over education and increasing literacy rate….. leading to drop outs. Retention
rate at primary and secondary education level? Strategies to reduce them and where govt is
lacking.
114. What is cdwp, nec?
115. Psdp added by NEC?
116. What do you know about burhanwani, Afzal Guru, and ashrafsehrai?
117. Separatist movement s in india? What is your opinion?
118. Satellite types (man made satellites) positioning systems by various countries?
119. India being a new player threats for Pakistan?
120. Is the UK Parliament is more powerful than usa congress?
121. Who has more power? British PM or usa president?
122. Difference between state and society?
123. What is two state solution?
124. How do you see the future of 18thamendment ?
125. What is the difference communism and socialism?
126. USSR? Last president of USSR?
127. What is ISIL?
128. Why constitution making is delayed in Pakistan?
129. What is bicameral and when it was introduced in Pakistan?
130. What is transit economy?
131. What is IRFS AND IASB? WHAT are these bodies and what they do?
132. Why did we need accounting and how it was evolved?
133. Alfarabi’spolitics , thought, best form of govt, was there any participation of citizen?
134. Was Islamic concept of state encouraged people participation?
135. Difference b/w criteria of vote costing in modern democracy and Islamic state?
136. Does legislative assembly of Pakistan practice ijtehad?
137. Does any muslim or arab country represent true concept of Islamic state in true spirit?
138. Define bill, act, ordinance, law,pact, agreement and contract.
139. Why do president needs to issue ordinance when parliament is there to perform its job?
140. Is kedo hero or villain in heer written by waris shah?
141. What is the growth rate and what are its impacts?
142. Why to hire you because you have accounting background, how would prove you an
asset?
143. What is the role of SBP ?your opinion about its autonomy?
144. Internal issues of india?
145. What is red corridor?
146. Which certificate is best for NSO?
147. Pakistan’s ability to respond to covid and to detect it?
148. What will you do about inflation, education and women protection if given chance?
149. Which is bigger threat india or Pakistan?
150. Pakistan’s border issues with india?
151. Why PMS? Various problems of accountant?
152. What is the importance of Gawador for Pakistan and asia?
153. Energy projects?
154. Difference between composite dialogue and comprehensive dialogue?
155. What is cold start doctrine?
156. What is mean by doctrine of necessity?
157. What is limited war? Strategic depth and strategic chaos?
158. SDG’S and MDG’S goals difference?
159. What was Musharraf formula and Chenab formula?
160. What is ASEAN Model?
161. Regional organizations
162. Ten commandents
163. What is old testament and new testament ?
164. Last ruller of ottoman empire?
165. Tomb of Jahangir?
166. Wardha scheme and what is rss and who was its founder?
167. Biggest social problems of the Pakistani society?
168. Punjab share in NFC?
169. What is horizontal and vertical mobility?
170. What is glorious revolution?
171. Is advertising harmful and dangerous for society?
172. Models of mass communication?
173. What is infodemic?
174. If given immense authority what I would do the empower women?
175. Punjab govt policies to bring out of school children failed? Suggest some
recommendations about that?
176. Questions about seerat of HOLY Prophet PBUH. State of Madina?
177. What is stock exchange and how it works? Famous stock exchanges of the world?
178. If the muslimummah is united?
179. Three male and female personalities?
180. Purpose of education? And how we can identify an educated person?
181. Why Pakistan is educationally background?
182. Steps to uplift the status of women of our area?
183. What concept was given by ibn e arabi?
184. Why you opt Punjabi? Who wrote TAA? What is the message given by TAA?
185. How many dialects of Punjabi?
186. Who wrote kaliyekikahani?
187. What is current water dispute between Punjab and Sindh? Which body deals with these
types of disputes?
188. What is cci, ecnec,ecc?
189. What are the social welfare projects of federal govt and provincial govt?
190. What are the major indicators of economic growth that are the basis of govt claims to
achieve the GDP Growth rate of almost 4% this financial year?
191. Why there are no more charismatic leader like anwersaddat and Z A Bhutto present on
the world stage anymore?
192. What is populist wave on the world stage?
193. Why did you leave the last job?
194. What is a threat?
195. What is meant by term global common?
196. If selected then what are your plan and if not selected then what are the plans?
197. Difference between advertising and publicity?
198. Role of advertisement?
199. Role of hasratmuhani in press?
200. Difference between liable and defamation?
201. What measure you will take for agriculture?
202. What govt is doing for agriculture?
203. Benefit of drip arrigation?
204. Which was your toughest crime scene and why?
205. What is overall role of social media?
206. Why newspapers are suffering much?
207. Difference between liable and defamation?
208. What policies are made by media during covid 19
209. What is current GDP? 2015,16,17,18,19,20,21?
210. What was the debt upon Pakistan in 2015,16,17,19,20,21?
211. What policies are made for media and how then can be improved?
212. Designation previous job , current job comparison?
213. Who was founder of journalism and why?
214. Who wrote urdu e mulla?
215. The 4 biggest problems of Pakistan?
216. What is poverty yard to measure poverty?
217. What is meant by vicious circle of poverty and and what is poverty line?
218. Who wrote noori? Stories of noori what message we learn from noori?
219. Why Punjabi poet always use women a female version while doing poetry?
220. Why do you think a female is a symbol of fragility?
221. Do you think that using artificial intelligence robots are going to overtake the human
beings as human has overtaken the other species?
222. What do you thing about the future of Punjabi?
223. What is per capita income?
224. There is issue of balance of payments and exports are not upto the mark while imports
are increasing day by day what do you suggest to fix the issue?
225. What are the stages of development?
226. What is hdi and what are its indicators?
227. What you will suggest to promote religious tolerance ?
228. Who is Baqisiddique and narrate its versus?
229. What is islamophobia and reasons behind it?
230. What is cpec? Complete details and its impacts on south asia?
231. Who is ashfaqahmed , features of its writings?
232. What is child labour ?how to overcome this?
233. What is GPS? Technology used to navigate other gps?
234. What strategy USA is applying to counter china and response given by china?
235. What suggestions you will give to reduce drop out ratio in china?
236. What is the philosophy of Baba Bullay shah and read few versus ?
237. Who is your favourt Punjabi pros writer?
238. How can we increase our exports?
239. What is the significance of trees in Punjab?
240. What do you know about USA Agreements with india ?its impacts on Pakistan and
china?
241. What is uno ?name some countries where uno peace keeping missions are going on?
242. What do you need to uplift our society?
243. Lesson learned from Noori?
244. Which sector is neglected in Pakistan and why?
245. Suppose you are head of media house , suggest measures to successfully run campaign
for SOPs implementation?
246. What do you know about wakhan corridor?
247. Russian more inclination toward Pakistan? Why
248. Why indo pacific region is important?
249. Agenda of discussion in Kashmir meeting?
250. What is diamond neclus policy of india?
251. What do you know about Gandhi Irwin pact?
252. What is Malacca dilemma?
253. Three laws of Punjab govt to prevent child abuse and child labour?
254. Three examples where fundamental rights can be suspended?
255. What is shadow cabinet?
256. Confiderationvs federation?
257. Where is Iiberian peninsula?
258. Five rivers of Punjab? Five mountains of Punjab? Famous mountains of Pakistan? Lakes
and valles and deserts ?
259. Glaciers of Pakistan?
260. Name of the institution responsible for bringing social change?
261. What is nuclear family system?
262. NGOs for women empowerment?
263. What is the future of BRI in the light Of G7?
264. Why Pakistan remained on grey list despite of its working?
265. What is irsa ?water dispute between Punjab Sindh and kpk and balochistan?
266. Major principles of HDI its indicators? New indicators include . carbon emission and
267. Three NGOs for micro finance ?akhuwut , upap and finca bank
268. What are ease of doing business points? Examples of public private partnership in
Punjab?
269. Column and editorial? Medium of communication before advent of print and electronic
media?
270. What is communication cycle? And what is decoding?
271. Public media vs mass media?
272. What is encoding and decoding?
273. Three laws for social media and over all media?
274. CNN BBS, GNN stands for and belongs to which country?
275. Three journalist role played In freedom movement?
276. Who was general dayer?
277. When ajudhan name was changed?
278. Other poets who relate from kunjah?
279. Why Punjabi has become alien language?