Graphical Abstract-

HO

H HO
OH O H
OH H
OH H

H O O

H OH
H OH

H O H

CH2OH

BACOSIDES

DIMINISHES THE LESSEN THE

INFLAMMATION IN ACCUMULATION OF
NERVE FIBRES AMYLOID BETA PROTIEN
BY INHIBITNG IL-1
FORMATION

effects
IMPROVEMENT IN DECREASE THE
BRAIN
THE ABILITY OF GENERATION OF
JUDGEMENT REACTIVE OXYGEN
SPECIES (ROS)
 Effects of Bacoside scaffolds on Alzheimer’s brain.

Figure 1. Clinical indications of AD.

OH

H
HO
OH O H O

OH H
OH H

H O O

H OH
H OH

H O

CH2OH

Figure 2. Bacoside A
 HO

H HO
OH O H
OH H
OH H

H O O

H OH
H OH

H O H

CH2OH

Figure 3. Bacoside B

OH O

HO O

OH

Figure 4. Apigenin

CH3

H 3C

HO

O OH
CH3 CH3 C
HO
O O
H CH3 OH

HO
HOH2C O
CH3
OH
O

HO
OH

O O

HO OH

OH

Figure 5. Asiaticoside.
 COOH

HO

Figure 6. Betulinic acid

Ligase Gama-glutamyl- Glycine

Glutamate + Cysteine cysteine

ATP ADP ATP ADP

O2 - BM Enzymatic
method
Superoxide dismutase +
Catalase H 2O
H2O2

Glutathione
peroxidase
GSSH
GSH (reduced)
(oxidized)
Non enzymatic method +

BM NADP+ NADPH

Figure 7. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms of Brahmi.

 ROS

OH

Scavenging H
HO
OH O H O

Generation of of radicals OH H
OH H

H O O

free radicals H OH
H OH

H O

CH 2OH

Lipid Neuronal
peroxidation Stimulation Mitochondrial cell damage
of TNF- α damage
Figure 8. Pharmacological activity of Bacosides against ROS tempted neuronal problems.