MOHASOFTDRI

NKSI
NDUSTRYS.
C

AWASSAMI
LLENNI
UM PEPSICOLAPLANT

BAHI
RDARUNI
VERSI
TY

DEPARTMENTI
NDUSTRI
ALCHEMI
STRY

APPARENTREPORT

NAME I
DNo

1.Bi
zuay
ehu Ger
o 1104127

2.AbelZewudi
e 1103

3.Endal
kachew Lemma 1103888

Submi
tt
edt
oMr
sAssef
a

Submi
ssi
ondat
e03/
12/
2013

HAWASSA,
ETHI
OPI
A
 I
NTRODUCTI
1. ON
MOHASOFTDRI
NKSI
NDUSTRY S.
CINETHI
OPI
A

MOHAsof tdr
inksI
ndust
ryS.
Cwasacquir
edf r
om theEthi
opi
anPr
ivat
izat
ionAgencyand
est
abl
ishedonMay15,1996acqui
ri
ngNifasSi
lkPlant
,Tekl
eHai
manotPlant,GondarPl
ant
,and
Dessi
ePlantf
rom t
heEthi
opi
anPri
vati
zat
ionAgency

TheCompanycur r
ent
lyhassev
enoper ati
nguni
tsi
ncl
udi
ngSummitPlant
,Bur
ePlant
,andthe
recent
lyi
naugur
atedHawassaPlanti
nt heSout
her
nNati
ons&Nat
ionali
ti
esPeopl
e'
sRegion.

Themaj
orpr
oduct
sofMOHASof
tDr
inksI
ndust
ryS.
C.ar
e:

Pepsi
Col
a,Mi
ri
ndaOr
ange,
7-Up,
Mir
indaToni
c,Mi
ri
ndaAppl
e(al
lPepsi
Brands)
,and

Kool
(Bur
eKool
andTossabot
tl
edwat
erpr
oduct
s.

HAWASSAMI
LLENNI
UM PEPSICOLAPLANT

HawassaMi
l
lenni
um Pepsi
Col
apl
anti
sfoundi
nthesout
her
nregi
onofEt
hiopi
aand

SNNPRSont
hesout
her
nedgeofHawassaci
ty.I
tisl
i
censedunderMOHAsof
t

dr
inksi
ndust
ryas7t
hpl
antofi
tssi
stercompani
es.I
n1999t
hef
oundat
ionoft
he

pl
antwasl
aidandcompl
etedt
hewhol
ebui
l
dingaswel
lasmor
eadv
anced

t
echnol
ogymachi
ner
yer
ect
iondoneandi
naugust2007i
tst
art
edpr
oduct
ion.

I
tpr
oduce300ml
ofsof
tdr
inkl
i
ke

Pepsi
,Mi
ri
ndaOr
ange,Mi
ri
ndaAppl
e,Mi
ri
ndToni
cand7upar
epr
oducedbyt
he

pl
ant
.
HawassaPepsi
Col
abei
ngdi
str
ibut
ingt
hepr
oduct
sforl
ocal
cust
omer
smai
nly

sout
her
npar
tsofEt
hiopi
a..

CARBONDI
OXI
DE(
CO2)PLANT

Themol
ecul
ecar
bondi
oxi
dehaschemi
cal
for
mul
aCO2andi
smadeofoneat
om of

car
boncov
alent
lybondedt
otwoat
omsofoxy
gen.I
tiscol
orl
essandodorl
ess,
and

becauseoft
hesechar
act
eri
sti
cs,
iti
sconsi
der
edt
ohav
eno"
war
ningpr
oper
ti
es.
"

Car
bondi
oxi
dei
sthespar
kli
ngel
ement&i
mpor
tanti
ngr
edi
enti
ncar
bonat
edsof
t

dr
inks.

I
nthepr
oduct
ionpr
ocessofsof
tdr
inksi
nHawassaMOHApl
anti
saddedbot
htot
he

bev
erage&usedasapr
otect
iveat
mospher
edur
ingbot
tl
ing,
canni
ngor

t
ranspor
tat
ionoft
hepr
oduct
.Thecor
rectcar
bondi
oxi
dei
ntot
hebev
erage

enhancesbot
hthebev
eragest
ast
eandappear
ance.

CO₂ usedi
nthef
oll
owi
ngi
ndust
ri
es:

Sof
tdr
inkf
act
ori
es,Br
ewer
ies,
Avi
ati
on,Wel
dingappar
atuses,
Fir
efi
ght
ing

Gr
eenhousesf
orgr
owi
ngv
eget
abl
es,
Packi
ngoff
oodst
uff
s,Tobaccoi
ndust
ryt
o

makel
i
ghtci
gar
ett
es
Obj
ect
ive:

-TomakeeachofourPepsi
product
stobeadr
inkoff
ir
stchoi
ceamongconsumerand

obt
ainabl
ethr
oughoutt
heEt
hiopi
anmar
ket
.

-Tocont
rol
theemi
ssi
onoft
hegassi
ncet
hisf
luegashasanenv
ironment
ali
mpactand

gr
adual
l
yleadst
ogl
obal
war
ming.

-Touset
hiswast
egasi
nheatexchangerf
ordi
ff
erentappl
i
cat
ionsandt
omi
nimi
zet
hecostf
or

heatexchanger
.

CHEMI
CALSANDMATERI
ALUSED

Chemi
calused

Fuel
oil
Sodi
um car
bonat
e,Monoet
hanol
ami
ne(
MEA),
Pot
assi
um per
manganat
e(PPM),

Act
ivat
edcar
bonFr
eongas

Mat
eri
alused•Gasoi
ltanker•
Boi
l
er•Soda&Ly
ecool
erAbsor
ber,
Str
ipper•Heatexchanger•

Wat
ersepar
ator,
PPM scr
ubber•Compr
essor•Dehy
drat
or,
Car
bonf
il
terCO2Condenser&

Ref
ri
ger
ator,
CO2st
oraget
ank•Ev
apor
ator
Theor
y:

FUELOI
LTANKER

>Fuel
Oil
Tankeri
sat
ankert
hatusedt
ost
oret
hebasi
csour
cef
ort
hepr
oduct
ionofcar
bon

di
oxi
de,
whi
chi
sfuel
oil
.

Boi
ler

>Thef
uel
oil
wil
lbebr
oughti
ntobur
nerandt
hebur
nerwi
l
lbegener
ati
ngCO₂by
:combust
ionof

f
uel
oil
.Boi
l
eshast
hreenozzl
eswhi
cht
hef
uel
oil
ent
erst
hrough,
whi
char
ecal
l
edS₁
,S2,
&S3.

SODASCRUBBER

Thesodasol
uti
oni
sci
rcul
atedi
nthesy
stem bymeansofsodascr
ubberpumpandt
heheati
s

r
emov
edi
nthesodacool
i
ngusi
ngcool
i
ngwat
er.Thef
uel
gasf
rom t
heboi
l
ercont
ainssome

Sul
phuroxi
des(
SO2andSO3)t
hatar
efor
medduet
oSul
phurcont
enti
nthef
uel
oil
.Sul
phurand

Sul
phuroxi
decomponent
sar
ever
yhar
mful
ltot
heCO2pl
ant
.Theycausecor
rosi
onont
he

pl
antandi
fent
eri
ngt
heMEA(
Monoet
hanol
ami
ne)sy
stem t
heywi
l
ldegr
adet
hesol
uti
on.

Ther
efor
e,achemi
cal
cal
l
edsodi
um car
bonat
ewi
l
lbeaddedi
nsodascr
ubberi
nor
dert
o

r
emov
etheSul
phur
.
ABSORBER

I
tisusedt
oav
oidMEAdr
opl
etst
oescapewi
tht
hegasgoi
ngt
ofr
eeai
r.Thewhi
tesmoke

comi
ngf
rom t
heabsor
berout
leti
smai
nlywat
erv
apor
,ni
tr
ogen,
andO₂
.TheCO2cont
entout

oft
heabsor
beri
soneoft
hemosti
mpor
tantv
aluest
oknowwhent
roubl
eshoot
ingt
he

gener
ati
nguni
t.

>STRI
PPER

•
Ther
ichl
yecont
aini
ngCO2i
spr
eheat
edi
nthel
yecool
erbef
oreent
eri
ngst
ri
pper
.Inor
dert
o

r
eleaseCO2f
rom t
hel
yesol
uti
on,
thesol
uti
onmustbeheat
edt
oit
sboi
l
ingpoi
nt.Thest
eam

andCO2i
ssepar
atedf
rom t
heMEAandgasest
othegascool
erf
rom t
het
opoft
hest
ri
pper

andMEAi
sci
rcul
atedi
ntheboi
l
er.

HEATEXCHANGER

I
tisal
socal
l
edgascool
er.Dur
ingst
ri
ppert
hemechani
sm usedt
osepar
ateCO2andMEAwas

heat
.Thent
hisheatmustbedecr
easebef
oref
urt
herpr
ocessi
ngandi
tisdonebyusi
ngheat

exchanger
.Af
terheatexchanger
,CO2wi
l
lbecool
ed.

WATERSEPARATOR

WhenCO2passedt
hroughheatexchangeri
twi
l
lbecool
edandi
tmayabsor
bthemoi
stur
e.

Ther
efor
ethi
swat
ersepar
atorsepar
atest
hemoi
stur
efr
om CO2.
PPM SCRUBBER

I
tischemi
cal
cal
l
edpot
assi
um per
manganat
e.Andi
thast
womaj
orappl
i
cat
ions.Thef
ir
stone

i
sitr
emov
esi
fanymoi
stur
eispr
esentaf
terwat
ersepar
ator
.Thesecondappl
i
cat
ioni
sthati
t

mai
nlyext
ract
sasubst
ancecal
l
edammoni
a.

COMPRESSOR

Hav
etwot
ubet
ypeheatexchanger
s.Thesear
einnerandaf
tercool
er.I
ntheset
wot
ubesCO2

wi
l
lbepr
essur
izedi
nlet4bart
oatout
letwi
th16bar
.

✓ DEHYDRATOR

Al
thoughcool
erhasbeenr
emov
edwat
erf
rom t
heCO2gasi
nint
ermedi
ateandaf
tercool
er,
it

st
il
lcont
ainsomeamountofwat
er.I
tisapr
ocesst
oremov
ether
emai
ningwat
erwhi
ch

consi
stsoft
wov
essel
sfi
l
ledwi
thmol
ecul
arsi
eves.Whent
heonev
essel
swor
ks,
theot
herwi
l
l

r
egener
ates.

CARBONFI
LTER

I
tisusedt
oremov
eodorandot
heri
mpur
it
iesf
rom t
hegas.Tr
acesofdi
ff
erentor
gani
cand

Sul
phurcompoundscanbet
rapped.I
tconsi
stsofonev
essel
,fi
l
ledwi
thact
ivat
edcar
bon.The
act
ivat
edcar
bonmustber
enewedr
egul
arl
y.

REFRI
GERATORCOMPRESSOR&CO2CONDENSER

CO₂gasf
rom t
hef
il
teruni
tisgoi
ngt
otheCO2condenser
.CO2condenseri
saf
ull
ywel
ded

pl
ateheatexchanger
,wher
eCO2i
sononesi
deandr
efr
iger
anti
sont
heot
hersi
de.The

r
efr
iger
antwhi
chi
scal
l
edFr
eonr
efr
iger
antcool
eddownt
heCO₂i
ntowat
erf
orm.Ther
eason

behi
ndf
orchangi
ngCO2i
ntowat
erf
ormi
sthati
tisdi
ff
icul
ttost
oreCO2i
ngasf
orm.Gases

hav
eanat
uret
ooccupyav
eryl
argespacef
orasmal
lamount
.

CO2STORAGE

Thel
i
qui
dfor
m ofCO2wi
l
lbest
oredi
nat
ankbef
oreev
apor
atedi
ntogasf
orm agai
n.These

st
oraget
ankshav
ethecapaci
tyof21,
000t
onofCO2

EVAPORATOR

Thel
i
qui
dfor
m CO2wi
l
lbet
ransf
err
edi
ntoev
apor
atorandwi
l
lbeheat
edunt
ili
tchangesi
ts

nat
urei
ntogasf
orm.Af
teri
thaschangedi
ntogas,
final
l
ythe10barofCO2canbegoest
o

f
il
lerr
oom i
nor
dert
omi
xwi
thsy
rupandwat
erf
ort
hef
inal
product
.
Fl
owchar
t
CONCLUSI
ON

Thepr
ocessofcar
bondi
oxi
depr
oduct
ionl
ooksasf
oll
ows:
-fi
rstf
uel
oil
get
sfi
l
ter
edandsent

t
obur
nerI
tischangedt
ogaseousf
orm.Thent
hegaseouspr
oductwi
l
lpr
oceedt
ofl
uegas

scr
ubber
.MEAwi
l
labsor
bthecar
bondi
oxi
def
rom t
hegaseouscomposi
ti
oni
ntheabsor
ber

andt
her
emai
ninggases(
nit
rogenandoxy
gen)wi
l
lber
emov
ed.Af
tert
heabsor
pti
onpr
ocess

MEAcar
ryi
ngcar
bondi
oxi
dewi
l
lgeti
ntost
ri
pperandi
tisapl
acewher
eMEAandcar
bon

di
oxi
dear
esepar
atedusi
nghotMEA .Theni
twi
l
lpasst
hroughwat
ersepar
atort
olosesome

moi
stur
eandpasst
oPPM scr
ubber(
pot
assi
um permanganese)f
orf
urt
herpur
if
icat
ion..Then

i
twi
l
lpr
oceedt
odehy
drat
ort
oremov
eanymoi
stur
eini
t.Fi
nal
l
ythel
astpur
if
icat
ioni
sdone

usi
ngact
ivat
edcar
bont
ost
abi
l
izemostphy
sical
proper
ti
es.Nextt
othi
spur
if
icat
ionpr
ocess

condensat
ionwi
l
lpr
oceedusi
ngf
eroenchemi
ccal
tol
i
quef
yandst
orei
tinabi
gtank,.Thent
he

l
i
qui
dfor
m car
bondi
oxi
dewi
l
lbet
ransf
err
edt
oev
apor
atort
obechangedi
ntogaseousf
orm

f
orf
inal
usei
nfi
l
lerr
oom.