Winter 2021

GRADUATE COURSE OUTLINE

COURSE CODE: LAN1012

COURSE TITLE: Landscape Studio 2: Landscape and Cultural
PREREQUISITE COURSES: LAN1011
CLASSROOM LOCATION:
CLASS HOURS: M, 9am-6pm and Th, 9am-1pm EST
INSTRUCTOR NAME: Liat Margolis (coordinator), Terence Radford, Elise Shelley
INSTRUCTOR EMAIL: liat.margois@daniels.utoronto.ca, Terence.radford@utoronto.ca,
elise.shelley@daniels.utoronto.ca
OFFICE HOURS: By Appointment
TAs: Gabriela Gallo, Dagmar Ivanenko

COURSE DESCRIPTION:
Design Studio 2 focuses on the subject of Landscape and Culture with specific emphasis on
decolonial cultural narratives and practices. The context for the entire term is the Truth and
Reconciliation Commission (TRC) of Canada and related 94 Calls to Action. Among these are calls
for transformation in education and the accountability of institutions. The University of Toronto, along
with many universities across Canada, developed its own 34 calls to action in response to the TRC;
these will provide the framework for discussion and design exploration. In particular, students will be
asked to address the ways in which First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples, histories, languages,
cultural practices, values, knowledges, and the transmission of knowledges are represented and
included in the public realm of the U of T campus.

The second in a sequence of four required design studios, this course builds on the ideas and
representations that were introduced in the previous term related to Landscape and Site as
complex and layered materialities, dynamic processes, and contextual spaces – spatially,
functionally and historically. The design methodology in this course is rooted in a
multidisciplinary research practice, which draws on critical, decolonial, and aesthetic practices in
architectural design, critical theory, art history, literature, cultural studies, and visual art. In
concert with parallel required courses (Plants in Design, History-Theory-Criticism, Visual
Communication, and Site Engineering) the collective learning this term is intended to form a
socially critical and inclusive practice.

COURES STRUCTURE:
The course is divided into three parts:

Part 1 January 11 – Feb 1 focuses on the topic of the Memory, Counter Monument and Counter
Ceremony. Individual visual research and written interpretations of 27 precedent projects will
form a shared discussion on the dilemmas, aesthetics and places of counter memorials and
monuments relative to memory, loss, healing, narratives, protest, accountability, and prospect.

Part 2 Feb 4 – March 8 focuses on Re-storying Plants and Relations – Indigenous Botanical
Teachings, including principles of relationality, kindship, responsibility, storytelling
methodologies, naming, and regeneration. Student will produce mappings and botanical
representations of the U of T Campus that embody these histories, philosophies, and bodies of
knowledge. Students work in pairs.

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Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
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Part 3 March 11 – April 8 focuses on the Truth and Reconciliation Calls to Action –
Indigenous Spaces at the U of T. Students will draws upon the first two to develop design
proposals that address the calls for the representation and inclusion of First Peoples histories,
languages, cultural practices, values, knowledges, and the transmission of knowledges in the public
realm of the U of T campus. Students work in pairs and concentrate on the west campus, which
includes St. George (E), Ursula Franklin (S), Spadina (W), Hardbord (N) streets.

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
• Develop critical, theoretical, and creative skills.
• Enhance technical drawing precision and model making skills.
• Enhance verbal as well as digital multi-media presentation skills.
• Build on knowledge and methods acquired in complimentary courses.
• Link inquiry into scholarly writing and conceptual framing with drawing techniques.
• Deepen conceptual thinking and link with technical skills.
• Add to inventory of design / art precedents and related scholarship.
• Enhance capacity to participate in discourse on art, design, and culture.
• Explore themes of landscape and culture, histories, narratives, and decolonial work.
• Develop awareness of Indigenous histories, knowledges, philosophies and practices.
• Develop awareness of Truth and Reconciliation Calls to Action and consider how these
may change present and future practice in the field of Landscape Architecture.

SCHEDULE:

Overview:
Wk 1 jan 11 / 14 intro #1
Wk 2 jan 18 / 21
Wk 3 jan 25 / 28
Wk 4 feb 1 / 4 review #1 / intro #2
Wk 5 feb 8 / 11
Wk 6 feb 15-19 reading week
Wk 7 feb 22 / 25
Wk 8 mar 1 / 4
Wk 9 mar 8 / 11 review #2/ intro #3
Wk 10 mar 15 / 18
Wk 11 mar 22 / 25
Wk 12 mar 29 / apr 1
Wk 13 apr 5 / 8
Wk 14 apr 12-16 final review

PART 1 – Memory, Counter Monument and Counter Ceremony

Week 1
M 1.11 9am-11am
Introduction, course objectives, schedule, logistics
Introduction to Assignment 1
11am-6pm
Individual work

TH 1.14 9am-1pm
Individual student meetings

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Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
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Week 2
M 1.18 9am-10am
All-Class Discussion
10am-11am
Guest Lecture
Marc Ryan, Public Work - National Holocaust Memorial + other works
1pm-6pm
Individual student meetings
Required Reading
• Young, James, E. “The Memorial’s Vernacular Arc Between Berlin’s
Denkmal and New York City’s 9/11 Memorial” in The Stages of
Memory: Reflection on Memorial Art, Loss, and the Spaces in
Between. University of Massachusetts Press, 2016, 1-17.
• Stevens, Quentin, et al. “Counter Monuments the Anti-Monumental
and the Dialogic,” The Journal of Arch. Volume 17, Number 6, 1-22.
• Bailey, Stephanie and Mark Woytiuk “Remembering What is Not
Gone: Towards a Feminist Counter Monument” in The Site Magazine.
2018 (38), 53-59.

W 1.20 9am-10am
Tutorial on Cargo and GIF by TAs

TH 1.21 9am-1pm
Individual student meetings
Week 3
M 1.25 9am-11am
All-Class Discussion
11am-6pm
Individual student meetings
Required Reading
• Young, James E. “The Contemporary Arts of Memory in the Works of
Esther Shalev-Gerz, Miroslaw Balka, Tobi Kahn, and Komar and
Melamid” in The Stages of Memory: Reflection on Memorial Art, Loss,
and the Spaces in Between. 155-183
• Bryan-Wilson, Julia. “Rebecca Belmore: Material Relations” in
Afterall, A Journal of Art Context and Enquiry, 2018 (45), 43-49.
• Turions, Cheyanne. “Picking Up a Long Line” in Afterall, A Journal of
Art Context and Enquiry, 2018 (45), 51-57.
Recommended Listening / Viewing:
Monuments, Movements, and the Photography of Jeff Thomas,
Discussion between Mikinaak Migwans (Curator of Indigenous Art at
the UofT Art Museum and Maria Hupfield (UTM, Assistant Professor
Indigenous Digital Arts and Performance Canadian Research Chair
Transdisciplinary Indigenous Arts
https://artmuseum.utoronto.ca/virtual-spotlight/monuments-
movements-and-the-photography-of-jeff-thomas/

TH 1.28 9am-1pm
Individual student meetings
Week 4
M 2.01 9am-6pm
>> Final Review, Assignment 1

1 Spadina Cres.
Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
4

PART 2 – Re-storying Plants and Relations – Indigenous Botanical Teachings

Week 4
TH 2.04 9am-11am
Introduction Assignment 2 and All-Class Discussion
11am-1pm
Student pairs work together
Required Listening / Viewing
• Robin Wall Kimmerer - TedX - The Honourable Harvest
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lz1vgfZ3etE
• Robin Wall Kimmerer - The Teaching of Plants
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAH_pqVMZ0Q
• Joseph Pitawanakwat https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Br-
2Y2A_nXE

Week 5
M 2.08 9am-10am
All-Class Discussion
10am-11pm
Guest Lecture
Danijela Puric-Mladenovic, UofT Prof. of Forestry and Landscape
Architecture, Forest Cover in Southern Ontario from pre-European
settlement to present day + evaluation of UofT Campus Canopy.
12pm-1pm
Guest Lecture
Wendy Makoons Geniusz, author of Our Knowledge Is Not Primitive:
Decolonizing Botanical Anishinaabe Teachings, editor of Plants Have
So Much to Give Us, All We Have to Do Is Ask: Anishinaabe Botanical
Teachings.
2pm-6pm
Individual group meetings
Required Listening / Viewing
• Leanne Betasamosake Simpson – As We Have Always Done:
Indigenous Freedom Through Radical Resistance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duidxcdBqw0&feature=youtu.be
• Leanne Betasamosake Simpson - Biidaaban (The Dawn
Comes) Short Animation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWjnYKyiUB8&feature=youtu.be
Skawennati – She Falls For Ages, a machinima, Short Animation
https://artmuseum.utoronto.ca/virtual-spotlight/greetings-from-
skyworld/

TH 2.11 9am-10am

10am-1pm
Individual group meetings

Week 6
2.15-19 Reading Week – No Class
Required Reading
Joseph, Bob. 21 Things You May Not Know About the Indian Act.
Helping Canadians Make Reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples a
Reality. Indigenous Relations Press. 2018.

1 Spadina Cres.
Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
5

Week 7
M 2.22 9am-10am
All-Class Discussion
9am-10am
Lecture
Terence Radford, Trophic Design – Rain garden and stormwater
design in urban areas
11am-6pm
Individual group meetings

TH 2.25 9am-1pm
Individual group meetings

Week 8
M 3.01 9am-10am
All-Class Discussion
10am-6pm
Individual group meetings
Required Reading
• Geniusz, Wendy Makoons. Our Knowledge is not Primitive:
Decolonizing Botanical Anishinaabe Teachings. Syracuse University
Press, 2009, XX-XX.

TH 3.04 9am-1pm
Individual group meetings

Week 9
M 3.08 9am-6pm
>> Final Review, Assignment 2

PART 3 – Truth and Reconciliation Calls to Action – Indigenous Spaces at the U of T

Week 9
TH 3.11 9am-11am
Introduction to Assignment 3 and All-Class Discussion
11am-12pm
Ceremony
Elder Whabagoon, Lac Seul First Nation, First People Leadership
Advisor to the Daniels Faculty Dean, Co-Founder Nikibii Dawadinna
Giigwag, Indigenous Youth Program – Anishinaabe Teachings
12pm-1pm
Students pairs work together
Required Reading
• Joseph, Bob. 21 Things You May Not Know About the Indian Act.
Helping Canadians Make Reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples a
Reality. Indigenous Relations Press. 2018.
• Wecheehetowin / Answering the Call: Final Report of the Steering
Committee for the University of Toronto Response to the Truth and
Reconciliation Commission of Canada. January 2017.
• Wagamese, Richard. Introduction and Beginnings in One Drum:
Stories and Ceremonies for a Planet, 15-44.

1 Spadina Cres.
Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
6

Week 10
M 3.15 9am-10am
All-Class Discussion
10am-6pm
Individual group meetings
Required Listening
• The R.K. Teetzel Lecture in Art by Kent Monkman held in conjunction with
the exhibition: Shame and Prejudice: A Story of Resilience, for Canada’s
150th, 2017 https://vimeo.com/209440458
Required Reading
King, Thomas. “You’re not the Indian I had in mind” in The Truth About
Stories: A Native Narrative. CBC Massey Lectures. House of Anasi Press,
2003, 31-60.

TH 3.18 9am-1pm
Individual group meetings
Week 11
M 3.22 9am-10am
All-Class Discussion
10am-11am
Lecture
Elise Shelley, GH3 – Surface Materiality
11am-6pm
Individual group meetings
Required Listening
• Hart House Centennial Art Commission at the University of Toronto
Artist Talk with Rebecca Belmore and Osvaldo Yero, 2019
https://vimeo.com/390358705

TH 3.25 9am-1pm
In-studio work, desk critiques

Week 12
M 3.29 9am-6pm
Individual group meetings

TH 4.01 9am-1pm
Individual group meetings

Week 13
M 4.05 9am-6pm
>> Pre-Final Review, Assignment 3

TH 4.08 9am-1pm
Individual group meetings

Week 14
TBD 4.12-16 9am-6pm
>> Final Review, Assignment 3

1 Spadina Cres.
Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
7

Important Dates:

Winter 2021
First day of S classes/ Y classes resume
Last day to enroll in S classes on Acorn
Family Day Holiday- University Closed
Winter Reading Week (No Classes)
*potential MFC field course
Last day to cancel or S/Y section courses
without academic penalty
Good Friday Holiday- University Closed
Last day of S/Y session classes
Final exam/assessment period
Monday, January 11, 2021
Monday, January 18, 2021 TBC – may be
pushed by one week
Monday, February 15, 2021
Monday February 15, 2021 to Friday,
February 19, 2021
Monday, February 22, 2021 TBC may be
pushed by one week
Friday, April 2, 2021
Thursday, April 9, 2021
April 13 – 30, 2021
(including Saturday and/or Sundays)

Conflicts with religious observances should be brought to the attention of the course instructor
and the Office of the Registrar and Student Services no later than the second week of classes.
For more information, please see the Policy on Scheduling of Classes and Examinations and
Other Accommodations for Religious Observances.

EVALUATION:
Evaluation will be carried out in accordance with the University Assessment and Grading
Practices Policy. Please refer to the policy located on the governing council website.
http://www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/Governing_Council/policies.htm#G

Assignment 1, Feb 1 30%

Assignment 2, Mar 8 30%
Assignment 3, April 12-15 30%
Participation* 10%

* Students are evaluated on participation in all-class discussions, guest lectures, and all-class
student presentations (pin ups, mid reviews, final reviews).

The graduate grading scale is listed as letter grades. The graduate grading scale is included
below for your reference:

Graduate

Letter Grade Scale Grade Meaning Numerical Scale of Marks

A+ 90 – 100%
A Excellent 85 – 89%
A- 80 – 84%
B+ 77 – 79%
B Good 73 – 76%
B- 70 – 72%
FZ* Inadequate 0 – 69%

*FZ=Fail

1 Spadina Cres.
Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
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Please refer to the University of Toronto Grading Practices Policy for additional information:
http://www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/Assets/Governing+Council+Digital+Assets/Policies/PD
F/grading.pdf.

LATE WORK:
All assignments are due in class at the specified time and date. Late submission will result in a
5% deduction (of each assignment’s total grade) per day (excluding weekends). In the case of
illness or other special circumstance, notification should be given to the Instructors and the
Registrar as soon as possible and before the deadline in question; where required, the official
University of Toronto Verification of Student Illness or Injury form must be submitted. Additional
information is available on the Verification of Illness or Injury is available online:
http://www.illnessverification.utoronto.ca/Frequently-Asked-Questions.php

FINAL DUE DATE:

Due dates are set by the Instructor in the schedule and evaluation sections of this outline. All
term work must be submitted on or before the deadline date stipulated by the instructor.
Students who for reasons beyond their control are unable to submit an assignment by its
deadline must obtain approval from their Instructor for an extension within the term. The last
date of the winter term is April 30, 2021. Any work submitted after the stipulated deadline and
before the end of term without an approved extension will not be accepted. Students will be
required to petition to the School of Graduate Studies for an extension if they will be unable to
submit their work by April 30, 2021. https://www.sgs.utoronto.ca/policies-guidelines/coursework-
extensions/

Effective Communication:
Students are advised to contact their professors in advance of a deadline, where possible.
Those students registered with Accessibility services should provide a letter from their advisor
that confirms their registration and indicates their required accommodations. Please speak with
Andrea McGee in the ORSS if you have any questions or concerns regarding their letter of
accommodation and how to interpret the information. Otherwise, students should present you
with a Verification of Illness or Injury form (VOI). Without any documentation, or where notice
was not given, the ultimate decision is at the instructor’s discretion.

REMOTE / ONLINE COURSES:

Student Behaviour:
All students registered at the University of Toronto are still required to conduct themselves in a
respectful manner whilst undertaking studies online. The Code of Student Conduct applies and
will be enforced regardless of the physical location where students are undertaking their studies.
Offenses against other persons will not be tolerated whether committed in person or online.

In Class Student Recording of Course Content:

Instructor Forbids Audio Recordings
Students may not create audio recordings of classes with the exception of those students
requiring an accommodation for a disability, who should speak to the instructor prior to
beginning to record lectures.
Students creating unauthorized audio recording of lectures violate an instructor’s intellectual
property rights and the Canadian Copyright Act. Students violating this agreement will be
subject to disciplinary actions under the Code of Student Conduct.
Course videos may not be reproduced or posted or shared anywhere other than the official
course Quercus site and should only be used by students currently registered in the course.
Recordings may be saved to students’ laptop for personal use.
Because recordings will be provided for all lectures, students may not create additional audio or
video recordings without written permission from the instructor. Permission for such recordings
will not be withheld for students with accommodation needs.

1 Spadina Cres.
Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
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PREPAREDNESS AT UOFT:
Students are advised to register for UTAlert, the University’s alert system, at
http://alert.utoronto.ca/. UTAlert sends important messages to registrants via text, email, and
phone.

ACCESSIBILITY NEEDS:
The University provides academic accommodations for students with disabilities in accordance
with the terms of the Ontario Human Rights Code. This occurs through a collaborative process
that acknowledges a collective obligation to develop an accessible learning environment that
both meets the needs of students and preserves the essential academic requirements of the
University’s courses and programs.

If you are a student who identifies with one or more of the broad categories below, we
encourage you to register with Accessibility Services:
https://studentlife.utoronto.ca/department/accessibility-services/.

• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

• Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Brain Injury and Concussion
• Chronic Health
• Deaf and Hard of Hearing
• Learning Disability
• Mental Health
• Mobility and Functional
• Low Vision / Legally Blind
• Temporary Injuries

For any questions or assistance, please see the staff in the Office of the Registrar and Student
Services.

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND WRITING SUPPORT:

The University of Toronto expects its students to write well, and it provides resources to help.
Please consult the University of Toronto writing site: https://writing.utoronto.ca/ for advice and
answers to your questions about writing. Please pay special attention to “Advice on Writing:
Academic Writing.”

The Writing Centre at the John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design
(http://www.daniels.utoronto.ca/resources/writing-program) is a resource for Daniels students
seeking assistance with academic writing through tutorials and individual consultations.

Academic writing carries with it certain expectations about properly citing, quoting, and
referencing source material. Your research must be conveyed in a language commonly shared
by others in the discipline. The style guidelines preferred by the Daniels Faculty are put forth in
the Chicago Manual of Style and can be found here:
http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/16/contents.html
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/chicago_manual_17th_edition/chicago_style_i
ntroduction.html

The Centre for International Experience (CIE) English Language Support is also available to
support students: https://www.studentlife.utoronto.ca/cie/els

ACADEMIC INTEGRITY:
Academic integrity is essential to the pursuit of learning and scholarship in a university, and to
ensuring that a degree from the University of Toronto is a strong signal of each student’s
individual academic achievement. As a result, the University treats cases of cheating and
plagiarism very seriously. The University of Toronto’s Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters

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Canada
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(www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/policies/behaveac.htm) outlines the behaviours that

constitute academic dishonesty and the processes for addressing academic offences. The Code
of Behavior on Academic Matters states: “It shall be an offence for a student knowingly […] to
represent as one’s own any idea or expression of an idea or work of another in any academic
examination or term test or in connection with any other form of academic work, i.e., to commit
plagiarism.” The Code also states: “Wherever in the Code an offence is described as depending
on ‘knowing,’ the offence shall likewise be deemed to have been committed if the person ought
reasonably to have known.”

Potential offences include, but are not limited to:

In papers and assignments:

1. Using someone else’s ideas or words without appropriate acknowledgement.
2. Submitting your own work in more than one course without the permission of the
instructor.
3. Making up sources or facts.
4. Obtaining or providing unauthorized assistance on any assignment.
On tests and exams:
1. Using or possessing unauthorized aids.
2. Looking at someone else’s answers during an exam or test.
3. Misrepresenting your identity.
In academic work:
1. Falsifying institutional documents or grades.
2. Falsifying or altering any documentation required by the University, including (but not
limited to) doctor’s notes.

All suspected cases of academic dishonesty will be investigated following procedures outlined in
the Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters. If you have questions or concerns about what
constitutes appropriate academic behaviour or appropriate research and citation methods, you
are expected to seek out additional information on academic integrity from your instructor or
from other institutional resources. For information about academic integrity at the University of
Toronto, please see https://www.academicintegrity.utoronto.ca/.

For accepted methods of standard documentation formats, including electronic citation of

internet sources please see the U of T writing website at:
http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/using-sources/documentation.
Please also refer to “Reading and Using Sources: How Not to Plagiarize” on the University of
Toronto writing site (http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/).

Student Work – Daniels Publishing Policy

On occasion, the John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design (the Faculty)
will share, use, exhibit, display, broadcast, and distribute images of student work completed in
this course in connection with the activities of the Faculty for promoting, publicizing, or
explaining the activities of the school. Should you wish to ‘opt out’, please contact
communications@daniels.utoronto.ca, otherwise, your participation in this course grants the
Faculty permission to publish such images in PR/promotional materials such as marketing,
advertising, fundraising, and any other Faculty-related publication. These images may appear in
a wide variety of formats including but not limited to social media, website and print.

REFERENCES:
Belcourt, Christi. Medicines to Help Us: Traditional Métis Plant Use. Gabriel Dumont Institute of
Native Studies and Applied Research, 2007.

Geniusz, Mary Siisip. Plants Have So Much to Give Us, All We Have To Do is Ask: Anishinaabe
Botanical Teachings. University of Minnesota Press, 2015.

1 Spadina Cres.
Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038
11

Geniusz, Wendy Makoons. Our Knowledge is Not Primitive: Decolonizing Botanical Anishinaabe
Teachings, Syracuse University Press, 2009.

Joseph, Bob. 21 Things You May Not Know About the Indian Act. Helping Canadians Make
Reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples a Reality. Indigenous Relations Press. 2018.

Kimmerer, Robin Wall. Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scietific Knowledge, and the
Teachings of Plants. Milkweed Editions, 2013.

King, Thomas. The Truth About Stories: a native narrative. House of Anansi Press Inc. 2003.

Murdoch, Isaac. The Trail of Nenaboozhoo and Other Creation Stories. Kegedonce Press, 2020.

Simpson, Leanne Betasamosake. As We Have Always Done: Indigenous freedom through radical
resistance. University of Minnesota Press, 2017.

Young, James E. The Stages of Memory: Reflection on Memorial Art, Loss, and the Spaces in
Between. University of Massachusetts Press, 2016

Wagamese, Richard. One Drum: Stories and Ceremonies for a Planet. Douglas & McIntyre, 2019.

TRUTH and RECONCILIATION REPORTS & DISCUSSIONS:

Canada's Residential Schools: Reports of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada
https://www.concordia.ca/library/guides/first-peoples-studies/truth-and-reconciliation-commission-of-
canada--trc-.html

National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation at the University of Manitoba.

https://nctr.ca/map.php

National Residential School Death Register

https://memorial.nctr.ca/?page_id=570

University of Toronto Truth and Reconciliation Final Report.

https://www.utoronto.ca/news/truth-and-reconciliation-u-t

Michael Etherington, Indigenous Relations Consultant

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GI-QNq8wbfo

ANISHINAABEMOWIN / OJIBWE LANGUAGE:

James Vukelich – Word of the Day
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFk1tCJQEH_BP4Kw6ckr4YQ

Geniusz, Mary Siisip. Ojibwe Plant Name Glossary. Plants Have So Much to Give Us, All We Have
To Do is Ask: Anishinaabe Botanical Teachings. University of Minnesota Press, 2015, 339-355.

Geniusz, Wendy Makoons. Glossary in Our Knowledge is Not Primitive: Decolonizing Botanical
Anishinaabe Teachings, Syracuse University Press, 2009, 189-196.

1 Spadina Cres.
Toronto, ON M5S 2J5
Canada
416-978-5038