Abstract:-

Aviation industry has revolutionized the concept of easy and faster travel. In the
last few decades as well as upcoming future years aviation industry is growing
rapidly in vast measure. In addition to its technological developments , the
growing of airline industry due to its role as supporting the world trade,
International investments and tourism activities. Because of these roles , it is often
said that the aviation industry is the center of globalization for other industries.
The growing of airline industry provides opportunities as well as challenges to
the business entities in this industry. The opportunities arise due to the increasing
demand for the airline service . While the challenges arise not only because of the
high level of competition between the airlines, but also due to growing consumer
demands for better service. The growing of this industry has led to the
governments around the world to deregulate the industry by enabling companies
to form private airlines. Further, the stringent rules on safety flight is currently
applied in almost all countries.

Introduction:-

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport, Mumbai formerly known

as Sahar International Airport, is the primary international airport serving the
Mumbai Metropolitan Airport , India. It is the second busiest airport in the
country in terms of total and international passenger traffic after Delhi , and was
the 14th busiest airport in Asia and 28th busiest airport in the world by passenger
traffic . Its passenger traffic was about 49.8 million in year 2018. It is also the
second busiest airport in terms of Cargo Traffic . The Airport IATA code BOM
is associated with “ Bombay” the city’s formal legal name.

1
 Summary

Airport Type Public

Operator Adani Group

Serves Mumbai Metropolitan Region

Location Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Opened 1942

Hub for • Air India

• Vistara
• Air Asia
• Go First
• Air India Express
Focus City for • Blue Dart Aviation
• Indigo
• Spice jet
• Tru Jet

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Elevation AMSL 11 m / 37 ft

Coordinates 1905’19”N 7252’05”E

Website csmia.adaniairports.com

MAP of Mumbai

Runways

Direction Length Surface

m ft

14/32 2,990 9,760 Asphalt

09/27 3,660 12,008 Asphalt

Mumbai Runway operation

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 Statistics (April 2020 – March 2021)

Passengers
11,054,811(M75.9%)

Aircraft Movements
115,864(M62%)

Cargo Tonnage
592,966(M31.4%)

The airport is named after the 17th Century Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji,
having been renamed in 1999 from the previous “Sahar Airport” to Chhatrapati
Shivaji International Airport “ the title Maharaj” was inserted on 30 th August
2018. It is situated across the suburbs of Santacruz and Sahar Village in Vile Parle
East. The Airport has three operating terminals spread over a total land area of
750 hectares (1850 acres) and handles about 950 aircraft movements per day. It
handled a record of 1007 aircraft movements on 9th December 2018 , higher than
its earlier record of 1003 flight movements in a day in June 2018. It handled a
record 51 movements in one hour on 16th September 2014 . Along with IGI Delhi,
it was adjudged the “Worlds Best Airport” at Airport Service Quality Awards
2017 in the highest category of airports handling more than 40 million passengers
annually by Airports Council International. It has also won the “Best Airport in
India and Central Asia” award at the Skytrax 2016 World Airport Awards. It is
one of the three airports in India to have implemented Airport Collaborative
Decision Making to ensure timely take offs and landings.

4
 An Airport terminal is a building at an airport where passengers transfer
between ground transportation and the facilities that allows them to board
and disembark from an aircraft. At small airports, the single terminal
building typically serves all of the functions of a terminal and a concourse.
The Mumbai Airport has two terminals T1 and T2. Terminal 1 caters to
domestic passengers and Terminal 2 has International services beside
domestic operations of some of the Indian Airlines.
• Terminal 1 :- It was earlier known as ‘1B’. It was renamed by Mumbai
International Airport Limited (MIAL) in January 2017 so as to avoid
confusion amongst passengers about which terminal they should go to.
Terminal 1 is an X- Shaped building.
• Terminal 2 :- It is formerly known as Sahar International Airport , used
for International and some Domestic flights. It is currently the main
terminal and has an X – Shaped terminal building.
 Financing :-
A consortium of GVK Industries Limited Airports Company South
Africa and Bidvest, won the bid to manage and operate CSIA. To
accomplish this task , Mumbai International Airport private Limited
(MIAL), a joint Venture between the consortium(74%) and the Airports
Authority of India(26%) was formed. Since then MIAL has made several
improvements in the aesthetics , design and passenger conveniences at
CSIA including the refurbishment of domestic terminals 1A and 1B,
International terminals 2B and 2C and the opening of a brand new domestic
terminals1C and Terminal 2. MIAL also undertook airside improvement.

5
Projects such as commissioning of new taxiways , aprons and the reconstruction
of both the runways . In February 2008, MIAL entered into an agreement with
Air Transport IT Specialist SITA that led to CSIA becoming the first airport in
India to implement Common use self service Kiosks and CUTE( Common use
Terminal Equipment ) check in systems. In February 2021, the Adani Group
acquired both, GVK and Bidvest’s stakes in MIAL , giving it a controlling
interest in the venture. Mumbai Airport is looking to raise bonds worth $1.5
billion to refinance the debt of Mumbai’s International Airport amid a slump in
air travel owing to the ongoing pandemic. The plan to raise capital comes months
after the Adani group announced acquisition of the GVK group owned MIAL. In
February, the Adani Group acquired 23.5 percent stakes in Mumbai airport from
two South African investors , while the acquisition of GVK group’s 50.5% stake
in Mumbai Airport is still in process. Barclays Plc and JP Morgan Chase &
Company are among banks in talks to provide funds to Adani Airport Holdings.
Deutsche Bank AG is also in consideration. Adani Airport Holdings is now the
nations largest airport infrastructure company with eight airports in its
management and development portfolio. In a statement Adani said:- “The
companies larger objective is to re-invent airports as ecosystems that drive local
economic development as well as act as the nuclei around which it can catalyze
aviation linked businesses .” According to Adani , these include metropolitan
developments, e-commerce and logistics capabilities , span entertainment
facilities aviation dependant industries, smart city as well as other innovative
business concepts. The International Airport of Mumbai is India’s second busiest
Airport by both passenger as well as Cargo Traffic . According to the company ,
Adani Airport Holdings is now the nation’s largest airport infrastructure company
with eight airports in its management and development portfolio, accounting for

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25% of airport footfalls. It further said with the addition of MIAL , now AAHL
will also control 33% of the countries air cargo traffic. According to the company
analysis with India becoming the world’s third largest aviation market by the year
2024, the addition of Mumbai’s CSMI Airport to the Adani Group’s existing
portfolio , and thereafter the greenfield Navi Mumbai International Airport’s
operationalization , provides a transformational aviation platform enabling the
group to interlink its B2B and B2C businesses. Besides , it will also allow the
group to create several strategic adjacencies for its other B2B businesses.

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  Operational Activities:-
➢ Definition of Airport Operation :-

Airport operations embraces and posses all of the processes involved in an airport
to ensure experiences runs as smoothly as possible ; This includes airport
customer service , TSA , Gateway Operators.

An airport is either an intermediate or terminal point for an aircraft on the air

portion of a trip ; In the very similar functional terms the facility must be designed
to enable an aircraft to land and take off ;

The operation department includes to ensure serviceability of all operational /

passenger facility at all the time at AAI airports plan and project the requirements
regarding construction / upgradation of the aerodrome and related facilities for
safe aircraft operations ; The aviation operation programme focusses on the
business and managerial aspects of the aviation industry.

➢ Operation Department consists of:-

• Management of Air-side
• terminal / city side
• Slot Allocation and airport Operations Control Centre (AOCC)
• RTI and Quality Management Issues.
➢ Types of Airport Operations:-
Within an airport there are generally four divisions:-
• Landside Operations
• Airside Operations
• Billing and Invoicing
• Information Management

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Landside Operations:-

Those who work in landside operations have a customer – serviced role

overseeing the terminals, concourses , roadways , and properties surrounding the
airport . They also conduct the day to day operations inside the terminals and
parking decks. Landside operations is crucial to what the passenger experiences
while going through the airport. Like airside , landside deals with safety and
security operations. Terminal operations falls under this category.

Airside Operations:-

Those who work in airside operations oversee the airfield , ramps , safety , and
security of the airport. This department works to make sure the entire airside
environment runs as efficiently as possible. This includes:-

• Coordinating responses to airside incidents , accidents , emergencies.

• Allocation of aircraft parking and aircraft escorts.
• Conducting runway and taxiway inspections.
• Policing airside driving.
• Vehicle escorts for companies and contractors requiring airside access.
• Day- to - day management of wildlife to reduce the risk of bird interference
on aircraft.

Billing and Invoicing:-

Individuals who work in billing and invoicing handle both aeronautical and non
aeronautical revenue. Ledger or Accounting systems contain information
regarding airport finances , flight bills , handling invoices , cash , sales within the
airport , staff payrolls , etc . People in this division typically have a background
in business accounting or finance.

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Information Management:-

Information Management refers to the collection and distribution of daily flight

information . People who work in information management store seasonal and
arrival / departure information , and keep track of the connection with airlines .
This department is integral to the timelines of flight arrivals and departures and
the organization of the flight schedule.

Landside
and Airside
Operation
strategy in
Mumbai
Airport.

Flight Information Display System (FIDS) in Mumbai

International Airport.

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➢ Functions of Operations Department:-
• To ensure serviceability of all operational / passenger Facility at all the
time at AAI Airports.
• Airside Management at all AAI Airports.
• Terminal Management of all AAI Airports.
• Commissioning and operationalization of AOCC at AAI Airports.
• Safety Management and coordination with all AAI Airports.
• Plan and project the requirements regarding construction / upgradation of
the aerodrome and related facilities for safe aircraft operations.
• To advise and assist top management in framing corporate policies on
terminal management of all AAI Airports.
• Monitoring implementation of ICAO standards and recommend
practices(SARP’s) , and civil Aviation Regulations (CAR’s) formulated by
Director General Civil Aviation( DGCA) for Aerodrome Operations and
Airport Management.
• Coordinate with DGCA for safety assessment on the planning ,
construction and commissioning of changes to airport infrastructure , and
maintenance programs.
• Liaise at apex level with the various ministries , regulatory bodies like
DGCA and Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS), Immigration and
customs on issues related to Airport Management (Operations) and
Aviation Security.
• Allocating night parking stands to domestic flight operators at AAI
Airports.
• Drafting and issuance of Operational Circular and Operational instructions.

11
• Monitoring and implementation of Recommendations made by various
Court of inquiries in respect of aircraft incidents / accidents.
• Slot Management – Slot Allocation for all the airlines operating domestic
/ international flights.
• Coordinate with department of Engineering / Planning IT / Security all
planned / modification / repair works in the terminals.
• Preparation of guidelines for MESS / ESS contracts.
• Comprehensive / third party liability insurance coverage for all assets at
the airports.
• Finalizing training programmes for staff and officers of operations
Department in coordination with Indian Aviation Academy (IAA).
• Handling of WIP / VIP Movements and aircraft emergences.

Airport
Operations
And
Revenue
Management

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➢ Airport Services:-
• Services provided in an airport or civil enclave , to any person by Airports
Authority of India (AAI) , a person authorized by it ,or any other person
having charge of management of an airport are taxable under this category.
This includes variety of services provided to airlines, as well as cargo and
passenger handling such as security , transit facilities , landing charges ,
terminal navigation charges , parking and housing charges and route
navigation facility charges. It would be on the gross amount chargeable by
AAI or other such authorized person . Thus charges such as royalty , license
fees , etc collected by AAI from other service providers at the airport such
as ground handling , security , common user terminal services etc are
chargeable to service tax. Services also includes :-Transit Handling ,
ancillary operations , ramp and cargo systems , passenger reception
services ticket sales off site airport operation activities.
• Airport Services Provided in Mumbai Airport:-
▪ WI-FI:- WI-FI is available at Mumbai Airport throughout all passenger
areas. It is necessary to provide the mobile phone of the user to log in.
▪ Children’s Care Rooms:- It is located at both Terminals 1 and 2. There
are changing diapers and babies can be feed in a relaxed atmosphere.
▪ Baby Strollers:- Baby Strollers are provided to make better the experience
at the airport. In order to use this service, it is required a submission of a
Photo ID.
▪ Prayer and Meditation Rooms:- Only available at Terminal 2 locations.
- International Departures:- Pre Immigration- third level.
- International Departures:- Post Immigration fourth level.
- Gate 65-3rd level(opposite to gate 86 , 43)

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▪ Medical Care Centre:- Service available Twenty – four hours daily. In
case of an emergency, call at:- +91 22 66 85 01 08 .
▪ Wheel Chair Assistance:- Passengers may get in contact with their airline
to request the service of Wheelchair Assistance.
▪ Lost Luggage:- Terminal 1:- Left Luggage Kiosk, Arrival Hall Exit Ramp.
Phone:- + 91 99 30 14 42 72 . Terminal 2:- International Arrival Passenger
Concourse and Transportation Hall. Email:- csia.lostproperty@gvk.com.
▪ Terminal 2 APP:- Passengers can download Mumbai Airport application
to their Smartphone in order to check all the information related with
flights and services and amenities.
▪ Smoking Area:- There are smoking lounges located along the airport, at
both Terminals.
▪ Luggage Storage:- At BOM Airport passengers have available a Cloak
Room where to leave their luggage . It is managed by royal valtrans.
▪ LOUNGES:-
➔ Aviserv Lounge:- Terminal 2- 24 hours open. Services:- WI-FI , premium
food , snacks , TV , Internet Terminals , Flight monitors , Newspapers and
magazines . Price Starts from 11$ per traveller.
➔ Loyalty Lounge:-Terminal 2 -24 hours open. Services:- Snacks , premium
food , TV , Flight Monitors , Drinks , WI-FI , Telephones . Price Starts
from 30$ per traveller.
➔ Travel Club Lounge:-Terminal 1-24 hours open. Services:- Premium
food , snacks , drinks , WI-FI , Newspapers and magazines , TV , Internet
Terminals.
➔ Oasis Lounge:-Terminal 1 – 24 hours open. Services:- WI-FI ,
Newspapers and Magazines TV , Snacks , Internet Terminals.

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➔ Good Times Bar:- Terminal 1B. Lounge hours vary services:-TV and
Smoking area.
➔ Royal Valtrans India Aviser Lounge:- Terminal 2 currently closed.
➔ The American Express Lounge:-Terminal 2 . Open 24 hours. Services:-
Premium Foods , snacks , WI-FI , TV Newspapers and Magazines.
➔ GVK Lounge( Domestic):- Terminal 2 , Domestic Area . Open 24 Hours.
Services:- Premium foods , Snacks , WI-FI , Newspapers , Magazines
Snacks TV and Telephones.
➔ Travel Club Lounge (CSIA CIP Lounge):- Terminal 2 , International .
Open 24 hours. Services:- Snacks , TV , Food , WI-FI , Showers , Spa
services.
➔ Pranaam Lounge:- Terminal 2. Open 24 hours . Services:- WI-FI ,
Newspapers , Magazines , TV .
➔ GVK Lounge( International West Wing):-Terminal 2 , International
Area. Services:- WI-FI ,Showers , Snacks , Drinks , Premium Food .
▪ Other Services:-
➔ Restaurants and Cafes
➔ Currency Exchange
➔ Postal Service
➔ Smoking Areas
➔ Baggage Trolleys and Wrapping
➔ Stores
➔ Payphones and International SIM Cards
➔ ATM’s
➔ Children’s Play Area
➔ Automated Buggies and Meet and assist Services.

15
WI-FI Facility in
Mumbai Airport
Premises

Children Care Room

Facility Avail in Mumbai
Airport.

Baby Strollers Provided

in Mumbai Airport for
Toddlers and Babies.

Prayers and Meditation

Rooms are accessible in
Mumbai Airport.

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Medical Care Centre in
Mumbai Airport
Terminus.

Wheel chair Services

Available in Mumbai
Airport For Injured and
Disabled Passengers.

Luggage / Baggage
Storage Facility in
Mumbai Airport.

Smoking and Bar Zone

Available in Mumbai
Airport.

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Left Luggage Facility
Assistance Airserv in
Mumbai
International
Airport.

1:- Terminal 1B
Lounge Facility.
2:-GVK Lounge
Facility Services.
3:-Premium Airserv
Lounge Facility
Services in Mumbai
International
Airport.

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 ➢ CARGO:-
Department of Cargo plays a multiple function at the air cargo terminals and
under AAI Act , 1994 , establishes , manages and develops cargo terminals at the
airport in the country for the storage and processing of goods in terms of AAI
Act, 55 of 1994 para b(3) and as amended in 2003. An acts as a custodian of
International Cargo u/s 45 of Customers Act , 1962.

Innovative Programmes launched by AAI:-

• AAI has a plan on hand to upgrade its IT System called ICMS with new
software and Hardware to meet the IATA e- freight compliance.
• The domestic Cargo IT module also to be incorporated to meet the
requirements of Common User Domestic Air Cargo Operations. In the
second phase , AAI has been already mandated by Ministry of Commerce
and Industry / Ministry of Civil Aviation to managed the Air Community
System (ACS) provide a common platform for Air Cargo Stakeholders to
share their messages in the Air Cargo Sector.

Facilitation of Air Freight Station (AFS) :-

• AAI and MOCA are envisaging the importance of decongesting airports

and encourage Air Freight Stations activities in parallel with the existence
of ICD / CFS facilities for sea Cargo. MOCA has already issued guidelines
and all airports required to create separate corridor for movement of stuffed
containers and AFS operator to create infrastructure including screening of
export cargo in their facilities so that the upliftment of the same at airport
is seamless. AAI has been managing the air cargo terminals with its well
known Integrated Cargo Management System( ICMS) at Mumbai (JVC),
Delhi(JVC) , Chennai and Kolkata Airports from the year 1999.

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Air Cargo:-

Air Cargo is a trade facilitator that contributes to global economic development

and create millions of jobs . The global economy depends on the ability to deliver
high – quality products at competitive prices to consumers worldwide . Air Cargo
transports over US$ 6 Trillion worth of goods, accounting for approximately 35%
of world by value.

Air Cargo means Fast Shipping , reliable arrival and departure times shipments
can be sent almost anywhere , secure and with low risk , less packaging and less
need fore warehousing , and cargo possibility of being tracked.

Types of Air Cargo:-

1. General Cargo:- It includes high – value goods such as electronics ,

jewellery and pharmaceuticals. Air shipping is more expensive than
shipping by sea, but due to the high margins and the fact that many
electronic goods are fragile , air freight is the most appropriate form of
transport.
2. Special Cargo:- It requires special conditions for transporting goods such
as temperature control , certain air conditions or protected casing in case if
the goods are hazardous or livestock.

Cargo Handling:-

Effective ground operations are essential to meet the passengers and cargo
demand. Putting safety first , implementing global standards , and accelerating
the speed of innovation and process modernization is key.

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Cargo Handlers at airports have a critical role to play in keeping essential goods
moving during the unprecedented time Cargo Handler should ensure the efficient
and secure handling of the cargo. Cargo Handlers must provide appropriate
equipment for unloading the different types of aircraft .

General Cargo
Facility in
Mumbai
International
Airport.

Special Cargo
Facility also
Avail in
Mumbai
Airport.

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Cargo Terminal:-

Cargo Terminal Facilities are areas where international airports export cargo has
to be stored after customs clearance and prior to loading on the aircraft.
Designated areas or sheds may be given to airlines or freight forward ring
agencies. Every cargo terminal has a Landside and an Airside.

Mumbai Airport Cargo Services:-

▪ Facilities:-
• 05 dedicated aircraft parking bays for freighters .
• Exclusive Dangerous Goods Storage Facility in Exports and Imports.
• Exclusive Radioactive Cargo Storage Facility in Imports.
• State of the art Export Perishable Terminal.
• Dedicated Storage Facility for Temperature Controlled Pharmaceuticals
and Medicines.
• State of the art Import Cold Storage Facility –“ Import Cold Zone”
• 13 Cold Storage Chambers in import Facility offering wide range of
temperature control solutions.
• 28 Plug Points for Active Refrigerated containers.
• Highly Secured Strong Room and Vulnerable Cargo Storage-24/7 CCTV
and Human security surveillance.
• 30 tonne capacity ULD weigh Bridge in export facility – Capable of
Generating IATA standard Airline ULD Tags.

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 ▪ Export Perishable Terminal:-
• Temperature Range:- +15 to +25 , +2 to +8 and 0 to -20 Celsius .
• 40 ULD storage positions.
• 8 Plug Points for active refrigerated containers.
• Temperature monitors and Data Loggers.
• Seamless Cold Chain:- Acceptance , Regulatory Inspection , Weighment ,
Screening and Palletization performed under temperature control.
▪ Import Cold Zone:-
• Temperature Range :- +15 to +25 Celsius.
• One – Time Holding Capacity :- 860 Metric Tonnes.
• 1148 Skid Positions.
• Temperature Monitors and Data Loggers.
• Dedicated Staff and Material Handling Equipment.
▪ GMAX (GVK MIAL Air Exchange):-
• GMAX is India’s First Air Cargo Community System created by MIAL
along with its strategic technology partner Kale Logistics. The new
communication platform facilitates the movement of goods and
information by offering a Comprehensive Electronic Data Interchange
connecting all the air cargo stakeholders at the Airport. The platform
strengthens digital interface between cargo terminal operator and all air
cargo stakeholders including customs , customs brokers , airlines , freight
forwarders , shippers / consignees and other statutory bodies.

Key Features:-

• Offers Modernized and Simplified supply chain processes.

• Real Time Data Processing and Accurate Data Flow.

23
• Replacement of paper processes with electronic documentation.
• E-Transmission of cargo documents End – End supply chain
visibility(Shipper to Consignee).
• Reliable and High Quality Data Exchange.
• Supports E- Freight.
• Effective cargo tracking and management.
• Data uploaded at source used for entire supply chain.
• Ability to track agreed service level timelines.
• Supports advance manifests requirements of EU / US.
▪ Services:-
o International Export:-
• 100% Weight and Volume Check.
• Screening and Certification.
• Customized ULD Build up
• Manifestation
• ULD Weighment and Inventory
• Generation of IATA standard Airline ULD Tags.
• Ramp Supervision and Co-ordination.
• Special Care for Express shipments.
o International Imports:-
• Ramp Supervision and co-ordination.
• Documentation
• ULD Breakdown and Binning
• Irregularity Reporting
• Deliver order and Notification to Customer.

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 • Pre – alerts , Key Accounts and Customized Handling.
▪ GVK MIAL lays foundation for 4300 square metre EXPORT Heavy
and Bonded Cargo Facility at Mumbai Airport:-
• GVK MIAL organized a foundation stone laying ceremony of the new
Export Heavy and Bonded Cargo Facility at the Chhatrapati Shivaji
Maharaj International Airport(CSIA) on April 16th , 2014 .
The new Export Heavy and Bonded Cargo facility is spread across an area
of 4300 square meter and comprises of 11 truck docks , seven dock levelers
six X-Ray machines , round the clock closed circuit televisions(CCTV) and
security monitoring. Additionally, the facility is also equipped with
dedicated material handling equipment and offers exclusive acceptance
dock and screening machine for bonded cargo operations. The upcoming
facility which is slated for completion within a year will enhance the
throughout capacity of Export Handling and Expedite shipments.

Location of Cargo Sector in Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International

Airport:-

Air Cargo Complex , Ground Floor and second floor , Imports Heavy Cargo Shed,
Sahar Road , Andheri East , Mumbai – 400099 .

Mumbai International Airport in India has opened a new cargo terminal offering
handling services for heavy , odd – sized and bounded goods .

Mumbai International Airport in India has opened a new cargo terminal offering
handling services for heavy , odd – sized and bonded goods.

The terminal will increase GVK Mumbai International Airport private limited
(MIAL) export handling capacity by 500,000t of cargo per annum.

25
Spread over 7,500 m2 , the facility will provide channels for cargo admittance ,
X-Ray screening and palletisation.

In addition to doubling the airports current export capacity , the new terminal will
enable a faster turnaround for cargo and vehicles , and reduce wait times 50%.

Lighter export consignments will continue to be handled at the existing export

terminal.

The facility will also bolster the terminal’s infrastructure , which will in turn boost
further growth in export volumes at MIAL.

In October , MIAL handled 47,761t of international freight and 20,337t of

domestic freight.

Despite the technological improvements the air freight industry will continue to
play a major role in the business of importing fresh produce. This will continue
to involve the more exotic and out - of - season varieties which are very important
for the airline’s business.

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 ➢ Parking Base outside terminal premises:-

Terminal 1 Parking :-

It has 750 parking spaces.

Fares:-

General:-

• 0 to 30 minutes:- Rs 150
• 31 to 120 minutes:-Rs 340
• 121 to 180 minutes:- Rs 400
• 181 to 240 minutes:- Rs480

Each additional sixty minutes up to eight hours :- Rs 170.

Terminal 2 Parking :-

There are 1500 parking car spaces.

Fares:-

General:-

• 0 to 30 minutes:- Rs 160
• 31 to 120 minutes:- Rs 250
• 121 to 180 minutes:- Rs 300
• 181 to 240 minutes:- Rs 380

Each additional sixty minutes up to eight hours:- Rs 170

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Premium:-

• 0 to 30 minutes:- Rs 250
• 31 to 120 minutes:-Rs 340
• 121 to 180 minutes:-Rs400
• 181 to 240 minutes:-Rs 480

Each additional sixty minutes up to eight hours :- Rs 170

Parking Bays inside Airport Premises:-

According to Mumbai International Airport Limited (MIAL) spokesperson , the

fine is to discourage unauthorised parking at the airport. The trigger was a private
jet occupying the Hangar for over twenty days at the Mumbai Airport. The aircraft
is owned by a prominent business house with interests in media , packaging
entertainment and infrastructure development. The MIAL levied a parking
charge of Rs six Lakhs including penal charges.

Mumbai Airport has 28 parking bays in which more than 70 -90 aircraft are
parked. In 2007 , just 30 private jets occupied the same spot. A certificate from
DGCA notifies the parking slots for private jets across all airports.

Top corporates like TATA , Reliance , Raymonds park their private jets at the
(CSIA) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport. Private taxi
operators like:- Religare Aviation , Deccan Charters , Invision Air among
others also occupy the parking bays.

Given the over crowding and safety issues citied by MIAL, some of these jets
were not allowed to fly out till they paid the penalty. Though some private jets
have flown out, most have raised objections to the penalty.

28
Aircraft also fly into CSIA for scheduled maintenance.

The Business Aircraft Operators Association(BAOA), which comprises

private jet owners , has protested vociferously against the penalty.

“An aircraft registered in India can be used anywhere in the country and its
movement cannot be restricted to limited airports , as this defeats the very purpose
of private aircraft,” said Captain Karan Singh, managing Director BAOA.

➢ Structure:-
Runways:-

The airport has two intersecting runways and it handles an average of 980 flights
per day. The runways have been upgraded to Code F which means they can
accommodate larger aircraft like the Airbus A380. Following a presentation in
March 2011 by UK’s air traffic service provider NATS on how the capacity of
the airports can be increased , MIAL set a target of 48 aircraft movements an hour
in an effort to reduce congestion at the airport. Both runways were operated
simultaneously especially during peak hours to try and attain this target. MIAL
scrapped simultaneous Cross – Runway flight operations in mid 2013 after it
found that single runway operations were more effective for increasing aircraft
movements per hour. Runway 14 /32 was henceforth to be used only when the
main runway was unavailable due to maintenance or other reasons. The
construction of new rapid exit taxiways helped in increasing flight handling
capacity from 32 movements per hour to 44 in 2012. NATS delivered and helped
MIAL implement a “change roadmap” to help Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
International Airport achieve more than 50 movements per hour in 2015. The
increased airside efficiencies resulted in CSMIA overtaking Gatwick Airport in

29
March 2017 to become world’s busiest airport with only one operational runway
at a time.

Runway Notes:-

Once the longest commercial runway in India, Runway 09/27 is the airport's main
runway. 13 taxiways, including four rapid exit taxiways, connect it to a full-length
parallel taxiway to its north. It intersects the secondary runway south of the
terminal buildings. The reconstruction of the runway started in September 2010
and was completed in May 2011. The runway width was increased from 45 metres
(148 ft) to 60 metres (200 ft) with a runway shoulder width of 7.5 m added on
each side. The ILS on 27 starts at 2,900 ft (880 m) and is 9.1 nautical miles
(16.9 km) long with a glide slope path of 3°.

Runway 14/32 has ten taxiways including three rapid exit taxiways that connect
to a parallel taxiway running along its eastern flank. It runs between Terminals 1
and 2 and was reconstructed in 2010. The runway shoulders were widened from
7.5 to 15 metres (25 to 49 ft). The associated taxiways of secondary runway were
upgraded in 2019. A new rapid exit taxiway and the conversion of taxiways to
Code-F effectively increased the capacity of the runway. In 2020, the secondary
runway set a record of 47 movements per hour during peak hour traffic as
compared to 36 movements per hour.

MIAL was considering constructing a second parallel runway as part of its master
plan. However, the construction of this runway would necessitate a large-scale
relocation of either Air India's hangars and maintenance facilities or the airport's
flight kitchens and the Sahar police station, among others, depending on its
alignment. The parallel runway remains an active part of the expansion plan but
in the meantime the cross runway is being upgraded as much as possible.

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Air Traffic Control Tower:-

India's second tallest Air Traffic Control Tower with a height of 85 m (279 ft)
after Delhi airport (101.9 m) stands in a section of the parking area opposite
terminal 1B. The triangular three-dimensional structure with soft vertices that
won the Hong Kong Building Information Modelling (BIM) Award for the year
2009, has six storeys commencing from 62.1 m (204 ft). The tower was
inaugurated on 18 October 2013 and took over operations on 1 January 2014.

From the new tower, air traffic controllers are able to see 8 km (5 mi) beyond the
thresholds of both runways. The tower and its associated technical block and
mechanical plant building cover a total of 2,884 m2 (31,040 sq ft). The cost of the
fully equipped tower is estimated at ₹4 billion.

The previous ATC tower, built by the Airports Authority of India (AAI) at an
overall project cost of about ₹2.80 billion, was functional from 1999 to
2013. During that period, many airlines such as Singapore Airlines, Saudi, Qantas
and United avoided landing at Mumbai airport when the secondary runway was
in use as the ATC tower was too close to the runway and not in compliance
with ICAO Standards. The tower penetrated runway 14/32's transitional
obstacle limitation surfaces by over 50 metres (for instrument approaches). The
tower also obstructed the path of a parallel taxiway under construction for the
secondary runway. MIAL demolished the tower in 2014.

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 ➢ Terminals:-

The airport has two terminals for scheduled commercial passenger services:
Terminal 1 at Santacruz for domestic flights and Terminal 2 at Sahar for both
international and domestic flights. While both terminals use the
same airside facilities, they are physically separated on the cityside, requiring a
15–20-minute (landside) drive between them. A dedicated General Aviation
Terminal caters to passengers using private and non-scheduled flight operations.

Currently Operational Terminals:-

Terminal 1:-

Terminal 1, locally known as Santacruz Airport, is used for domestic flights

primarily operated by low-cost carriers. This was the original Santacruz building
that was Mumbai's first passenger terminal which was once integrated, however
was renamed Terminal 1 after the opening of the Sahar building for international
operations and became a domestic operations terminal. It was refurbished several
times over the decades, the most recent being during the 2000s. It was further
divided into Terminals 1A, 1B, and 1C after their permanent closure during the
course of late 1990s and early 2000s. It was used by SpiceJet, Go Air, and IndiGo,
but after Jet Airways dissolved on 17 April 2019, select flights from all the
Terminal 1B airlines moved into the newer T2 building. The terminal has 11
passenger boarding bridges. MIAL renamed Terminal 1B to T1 in January 2017
to help fliers identify it easily] Several airlines operate airconditioned Cerita buses
owned by best to ferry passengers between the terminal and aircraft.

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Terminal 2:-

Larsen and Turbo (L&T) was awarded the contract to construct the new
Terminal 2, better known as T2, in order to differentiate it from the older Terminal
2 building. Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM) was the architectural
designer of the project. SOM also provided the schematic design of structure and
MEP and the detailed structural design of the roof. Detailed design of the
foundations and the rest of the structure and civil works, the MEP, IT and airport
systems, including the full construction documentation of the project was carried
out by L&T's in-house design team, EDRC (Engineering Design and Research
Centre). The terminal covers a land area of 210,000 square metres and has
replaced the previous International Terminal (which has already been
demolished). The entire project was estimated to cost ₹98
billion (US$1.4 billion) and employ over 12,000 workers. The X-shaped terminal
has a total floor area of 450,000 square metres across four floors and handles both
domestic and international passengers. It includes new taxiways and apron areas
for aircraft parking designed to cater to 40 million passengers annually. The
structure has boarding gates on two piers extending southwards from a central
processing building featuring a 42-metre high roof employing over 20,000 metric
tonnes of fabricated steel covering 30 acres. However, the eastern pier of T2
remains truncated due to non-clearance of slums in the adjoining plot, giving an
asymmetrical look when seen from above. The new T2 building operates Multiple
Aircraft Ramp System (MARS) stands and swing gates, so that a single stand can
accommodate either one wide body aircraft or two narrow body aircraft, in either
domestic or international configuration. The new terminal is connected by the
six-lane Sahar Elevated Access Road to the Western Express Highway
A Metro Rail Link to the terminal is under construction.

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The new terminal has around 21,000 square meters of retail space, lounges and
travel services, over 5,000 square meters of landscaping and a multi level car park
for 5,000 cars. The parking Management System and Revenue control system for
the entire MLCP has been designed and supplied by Skydata. It has 192 check-
in counters and 60 immigration counters for departing passengers, and 14
baggage carousels and 76 immigration counters for arriving passengers. To
transfer passengers across its four levels, the building has 48 escalators and 75
elevators. The terminal also features 42 Travelators. In the initial phase of
development, the apron adjoining T2 provides a total of 48 stands including 3
Code F stands (for the A380). In the final phase of development a total of 38 Code
E/F contact stands, 14 Code E/F remote stands and 20 Code C remote stands are
provided (total 72 stands).

The GVK Lounge, the first common luxury lounge at an airport in India, opened
in November 2014. The lounge is open to First class and Business class travellers
and can accommodate 440 guests at a time. It is spread over 30,000 square feet
across two levels of the terminal and has a library, a business centre and fine-
dining options, apart from the usual facilities like concierge services, smoking
zone, food and beverage, bar, luxury spa, shower area and a relaxation area. The
luxury lounge has won the 'World's Leading Airport Lounge – First Class 2015'
award at the World Travel Awards 2015 held in Morocco.

The terminal also houses the Niranta Airport Transit Hotel and the 32-room hotel
is the first of its kind in the country.] It is located on Level 1 of the terminal and
rooms may be booked by passengers who have checked into the airport. IWG
PLC operating under the brand Regus operates a Shared Workspace out of the
terminal.

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The old international terminal was closed permanently at 13:00 on 12 February
2014, and international operations from the new terminal commenced from the
same day. The first arrival was Air India flight 343 (an Airbus 330-200) from
Singapore via Chennai, and the first departure was Jet Airways flight 118
(a Boeing 777-300ER) to London. It was inaugurated by the then Prime
Minister Of India Mr Manmohan Singh. The domestic operations at T2 were
launched on 9 January 2015, with the inaugural flight of Vistara arriving from
Delhi. Vistara initially operated from level 4 of the terminal, which is being used
only by international passengers, but in July 2015, they shifted to level 3, which
will be used only for domestic operations. Air India shifted all its domestic
operations from Terminal 1B to T2 on 1 October 2015 making it the second
airline to operate domestic flights from the T2 Terminal, to ease their
International and Domestic passenger transfers, and Jet Airways shifted its
domestic operations to T2 on 15 March 2016, facilitating a seamless transfer
experience for its passengers, whereas all other domestic airlines, namely Indigo,
Go Air, and SpiceJet, took place, both departure and arrival, at the older
Santacruz building.

After the demise of Jet Airways on 17 April 2019, other carriers launched
additional domestic flights using slots vacated by Jet Airways. These flights were
operated from T2. This arrangement resulted in the larger carriers having to
operate domestic flights from both terminals. Hence, MIAL moved to streamline
operations at both terminals in September 2019, shifting all domestic operations
of Air Asia India, IndiGo and Go Air to T1, while SpiceJet moved all its domestic
operations to T2.

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General Aviation Terminal:-

CSIA's General Aviation Terminal for private and non-scheduled flight operators
(NSOPs) is located at Kalina on the south-west side of the airfield. The terminal
was approved for international operations in April 2011, making CSMIA the first
airport in India to have a self-contained terminal for handling round the clock
domestic and international flight operations for private and NSOPs. The terminal
offers facilities for passengers departing and arriving on private aircraft and
business jets. The terminal has two exclusive lounges, two conference halls, two
crew rest rooms and a café bar.

Previous Terminals:-

Terminal 1A 1B And 1C:-

When the Sahar terminal was opened in the 1980s, the terminal at Santacruz
reverted to being a domestic terminal. The terminal consisted of three structures,
Terminals 1A, 1B, and 1C.

• Terminal 1A - It was opened in April 1992, and was used solely by Indian
Airlines (now Air India). In 2005, Kingfisher Airlines also began
operating from 1A, after it entered into an agreement to source all ground
handling and terminal space from Indian Airlines. In June 2013, shortly
after Kingfisher ceased operations, MIAL allocated the vacant space to Go
Air . From 1 October 2015, Air India moved all of its Terminal 1A
operations to the new Terminal 2. Go Air moved its departure operations
to Terminal 1B on that same date, resulting in the closure of the Terminal

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 1A departures level. Go Air however ,continued to use Terminal 1A's
arrivals level until 15 March 2016 when its arrivals were also shifted to
Terminal T1B and Terminal 1A was shut.
• Terminal 1B - This was the original Santacruz building that was Mumbai's
first passenger terminal which was once integrated, however was renamed
Terminal 1 after the opening of the Sahar building for international
operations and became a domestic operations terminal.
• Terminal 1C - It was built at a cost of ₹ 3 billion and opened in April
2010. Architectural design was provided by Hafeez Contractor. EDRC,
the in-house design unit of the EPC contractor Larsen And Turbo (L&T)
performed the Structural, MEP and IT / Airport systems design. The
terminal had six passenger boarding bridges and allowed connectivity
between Terminals 1A and 1B. It was spread over 297,194 Sq ft across
three levels and had a seating capacity of about 900 passengers. Level 1
housed the offices of MIAL and some airlines, Level 2 comprised the
security-hold area for passengers after checking in at either Terminal 1A
or 1B. Level 3 accommodated a food court. The building served as a
boarding-only facility for all airlines. Passengers entered this facility via
Terminal 1B.In January 2017, MIAL renamed the Terminal 1B as T1.

Old Terminal 2 (Divided into 2A , 2B , and 2C)

Terminal 2 of the airport is located at Sahar Village, in Andheri (East).

Designed by Aeroports de paris and opened in January 1981, Terminal 2 was
built in three modular phases as Terminals 2A, 2B, and 2C. Each module had a
capacity of 2.5 million passengers.

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This terminal had an area of 120,000 m2 (1,300,000 sq ft). The terminal structure
was laid out in a space-saving vertical arrangement with separate levels for
arrivals and departures. An overpass on the city-side took passengers to the upper
level departure forecourt.

The original terminal was a convex shaped single concourse building with 14
Code E contact stands. The greater T2 apron also provided a further 15 Code D/E
and 6 Code C remote stands. This gave a total of 35 stands on the existing
apron. The departures section of 2A had 42 check-in counters, 18 more than in
the international section at the Santacruz terminal. After completing customs and
immigration formalities, the departing travellers were led down to a mezzanine
floor where five elongated nodules connect the terminal with the aircraft
via Aerobridges.

• Terminal 2A:- This first phase of the terminal complex was completed at
a cost of ₹180 million (US$2.5 million) and it served most international
carriers. Its boarding gates 3 to 8 were the first aerobridges installed in the
subcontinent. It was decommissioned and demolished in January 2009 to
make way for the new T2 structure.
• Terminal 2B:-It costed ₹220 million (US$3.1 million) and was completed
in 1984.[22] It served Air India and carriers handled by Air India between
September 1986 and October 1999 and was decommissioned when
Terminal 2C opened. It was extensively refurbished and made operational
once again following the demolition of Terminal 2A.

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 • Terminal 2C:- Inaugurated in October 1999, it was originally and
exclusively for Air India, Air India Express and those carriers whose
ground operations were handled by Air India.
Terminals 2B and 2C were decommissioned in February 2014 when the new T2
took over operations. They were demolished later that year, so that the remainder
of the new T2 could be completed.

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