THE IMPACT OF DRUG ADDICTION IN THE LIVES OF FORMER DR

ADDICTS IN GUADALUPE, BAYBAY CITY, LEYTE

A Research Proposal

Presented to Dr. Myrna P. Avila

Visayas State University Senior High School

Visca, Baybay city, Leyte

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the Subject

UCCULT I

GONZALES, TRIXIA

ABUNGAN, CYRELLE

FERNANDEZ, SHERILYN

DAGORO, GWYNEVIR

ALUDO, JOHN GABRIEL

 INTRODUCTION

Nature and Importance of the Study

Drug addiction in the Philippines appears to be on the rise as reports of drug

related crimes are increasing. In 2012, the United Nations said the Philippines had the

highest rate of methamphetamine use in East Asia, and according to a U.S. State

Department report, 2.1 percent of Filipinos aged 16 to 64 use the drug based on 2008

figures by the Philippines Dangerous Drugs Board. In 2015, they reported that the

estimate of drug users grew to a total of 1.8 million. Of this number, 859,150 were

thought to be users of shabu or crystal methamphetamine – the drug of particular concern

in the country.

Drug addiction, no doubt, has severely affected society, cutting across all socio-

economic echelons and demographics. No one can deny that drug addiction is a societal

menace, resulting in countless crimes, financial problems, and broken relationships, both

with families and friends. All illegal drugs have immediate physical effects, and they also

hinder psychological and emotional development, especially among young people, says

the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). In Guadalupe, Baybay City,

Leyte the exploitation of drugs and drug addiction in the past was also an undeniably

major problem within the society.

Fortunately, due to the campaign against illegal drugs during Duterte’s

administration, it is believed that the number of drug addicts in their area decreased in

2018, pollster Social Weather Stations (SWS) said. This includes the barangay of
Guadalupe which is now, if not, fully free from the ties of illegal drugs and drug

addiction. Nonetheless, the ill-effects that drug addiction has brought to the lives of these

former drug addicts in Guadalupe is a crucial matter that needs to be studied.

Objectives of the Study

Generally, this study aims to gather first-hand information about the impacts of Drug

Addiction in the individual lives of former Drug Addicts in Guadalupe, Baybay City,

Leyte

Specifically, this study aims to:

1. To describe the socio-demographic characteristics and background of the

respondents;

2. To identify the causes or influences which contributed to the participants’ drug

use and addiction in the past;

3. To determine the reasons why and how they quit the vice; and

4. To identify the effect of drug addiction in the psychological, emotional, mental,

physical and social aspect in the lives of former drug addicts.

5. To determine the impact of drug addiction in the past and present life of the

individual respondents.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study will focus on the impacts of drug addiction in the lives of former drug addicts

which will be conducted within the Barangay of Guadalupe, Baybay City, Leyte. The

respondents will be chosen from within this area only and will include people who were
drug addicts in the past but not those who are still currently involved with drug

addiction/illegal drug use in general.

Confidentiality will be observed in this study and the identities of the respondents will be

hidden using pseudonyms. The study is due only for academic purposes only and is not

meant to provide any claims or assessment prior to the results that will be gathered.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Illegal Drugs

The term drug is defined as any substance that when absorbed into a living

organism may modify one or more of its physiological functions. The term is generally

used in reference to a substance taken for both therapeutic purpose and abused substances

(Kwamanga, Odhiambo & Amukoye, 2003). Globally and even regionally, drug and

substance abuse is an ever expanding problem and is recognized as a threat with serious

effects on people’s health, security, social-economic and cultural welfare. Drugs pose a

very big problem in the world today and it is ruining the lives of many millions of people

both in adolescent and general population. The use of illegal drugs has spread at a high

rate and has penetrated every part of the world. No nation has been spared from the

devastating problem caused by drugs and substance abuse.

Drugs are said to be as old as man himself. Use and abuse of drugs had had a long

history in many cultures and societies (Musk& De Klerk 2003). Natural plants like

opium, coca and cannabis among others have been in use for many years. Priests in

religious ceremonies have used cannabis, healers have used opium for medicinal

purposes and the general population has used nicotine and caffeine in socially approved

ways. The Incas of South America took cocaine which had a central role in their religious

and social systems throughout civilization which stretched from around AD 1200 to AD

1550 (Wolmer, 1990). Immigrant Mexican laborers introduced marijuana during the

1920s to the South Western United States. During the Vietnam War, a high rate of heroin

use by American military personnel occurred due to the almost pure supply of 11

inexpensive heroin in Southeast Asia.

Drug addiction and its causes

Illicit drug production, trafficking, and use remain a matter of shared concern as

they hinder development and pose a threat to security among countries across the globe.

Their profound and devastating effects know no boundary in terms of ethnicity, religion,

geographic location, political affiliation, educational background and socio-economic

status. Health, a crucial prerequisite and resource for development, is adversely affected

as drug use impacts both morbidity and mortality. Notably, drug use has also been shown

to be associated with other risky behaviors such as drunk driving, unprotected sex, and

needle-sharing, which can lead to hepatitis and HIV-AIDS. It is also an important

correlate of medical and psychiatric co-morbidities, intentional injuries, and death. In

terms of its significant social and economic consequences, drug use can lead to lowered

productivity due to occupational diseases and injuries, higher health care costs, spread of

infectious diseases, and family breakdown, to name a few. Drug-related crimes and

violence escalate, diverting resources initially allocated for social services into law

enforcement and the criminal justice system. Also contributing to societal burden is the

negative outcome from drug use that young people may experience during their most

productive years. Thus, investing in efforts that would deter people, especially the youth,

from using illicit drugs would greatly benefit society. Drug abstinence can lead to better

learning outcomes, healthier families, more productive workforce, safer communities,

and longer life expectancy. Investing in both drug supply and drug demand reduction

programs will pay dividends for the years to come. It will shape the future of the next

generation of Filipinos and will dramatically transform the landscape of Philippine

security.
 The drug issue continues to threaten the security of the global community. The

World Drug Report 2017 estimated that almost a quarter of billion people, or around 5

per cent of the global adult population, used drugs at least once in 2015. Even more

worrisome is the fact that about 29.5 million of those drug users, or 0.6 per cent of the

global adult population, suffer from drug use disorders. This means that their drug use is

harmful to the point that they may experience drug dependence and require treatment

(UNODC, 2017). The magnitude of the world drug problem becomes more apparent

when considering that out of the 12 million people who inject drugs worldwide, 1.6

million are living with HIV/AIDS, 6.1 million are living with Hepatitis C and 1.3 million

are living with both HIV and Hepatitis C. The Report also noted that in 2015, drug use

was primarily dominated by cannabis with 183 million users, followed by amphetamines

and prescription stimulants (37 million), opioids (35 million), ecstasy (22 million),

opiates (18 million), and cocaine (17 million). Drug use by women, men who have sex

with men and those who belong to certain marginalized groups such as sex workers, often

leads to them suffering a double stigmatization. This issue is often compounded among

people who use drugs in prisons. Thus, there is a growing need for selective and indicated

interventions for key populations across these settings. In terms of drug supply, the global

market for methamphetamine continues to expand. In addition to its established and still

expanding market in East and South-East Asia and Oceania, there are growing concerns

about its use in North America, South-West Asia and parts of Europe. Moreover, the

market for new psychoactive substances (NPS) continues to be characterized by the large

number of new substances being reported. In fact, between 2009 and 2016, 106 countries

and territories reported the emergence of 739 different NPS to the United Nations Office
on Drugs and Crime. On the treatment side, lack of access to services remains a global

issue, especially among vulnerable groups such as women and children.

In addition to property losses from drug-related crimes, large amounts of money

must be earmarked for prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation programs; drug

enforcement programs, prosecutions, prisons; and health care costs for drug related

diseases such as AIDS. Drug use also affects the family and the overall community in

many ways. It can tear apart families due to ruined relationships, prolonged illnesses, and

lost productivity. It can even result in homelessness for families, and worse, premature

death losses.

Impact and effects of drug addiction:

 Psychological and Mental

Chronic use of some drugs can lead to both short- and long-term changes in the brain,

which can lead to mental health issues including paranoia, depression, anxiety,

aggression, hallucinations, and other problems.

Many people who are addicted to drugs are also diagnosed with other mental

disorders and vice versa. Compared with the general population, people addicted to drugs

are roughly twice as likely to suffer from mood and anxiety disorders, with the reverse

also true. In 2015, an estimated 43.4 million (17.9 percent) adults ages 18 and older

experienced some form of mental illness (other than a developmental or substance use

disorder). Of these, 8.1 million had both a substance use disorder and another mental

illness. Although substance use disorders commonly occur with other mental illnesses,
it’s often unclear whether one helped cause the other or if common underlying risk

factors contribute to both disorders.

Drug addiction causes different physiological, organic and also psychological problems,

distinctive sort of drugs and their items cause diverse issues like stimulant and

hallucinogenic drugs produce mental illness with suspicions, intemperate fears, mood

disorders and depression. Narcotics and liquor damage the liver, stomach, brain and

nerves which results memory loss, restlessness and so forth. Essentially cannabis items

likewise prompt emotional instability or a general loss of enthusiasm among clients.

Drug use can also give rise to what is called “substance-induced disorders.”

According to DualDiagnosis.org, drugs like cocaine, cannabis, and hallucinogens can

“cause mental health problems and, when paired with a pre-existing mental illness, can

exacerbate the symptoms of such illnesses. Some drugs, when taken frequently for long

periods of time, can actually manifest as psychotic symptoms indicative of schizophrenia

and bipolar disorder, according to the Australian Government’s National Drug Strategy.”

Here, we are shown that not only can drug use cause physical harm, but also

psychological harm.

Drugs such as cocaine, crack cocaine, marijuana, LSD, heroin, methamphetamine,

and ecstasy “cause interruptions in the absorption and release of brain chemicals like

serotonin or dopamine,” and therefore, “the internal structure and function of the brain

changes as use continues,” according to DualDiagnosis.org. If a healthcare professional

intervenes soon enough, they may be able to help. Studies show that the schizophrenic-

like effects that are the result of the changes the brain experiences from drug use will

more or less subside after the drug wears off. However, states DualDiagnosis.org, “this is
not true for all drug users as frequent and prolonged use can cause side effects that last up

to years after use discontinues. Early symptoms of psychosis are gradual and progress as

the individual ages and/or drug use continues. Aside from delusions and hallucinations,

there may be little to no response to emotion, lack of motivation, becoming socially

withdrawn, incoherency in thought and actions; disorganized speech and violent, erratic,

and sometimes dangerous behavior.”

 Emotional

Drug addiction exacts an emotional toll on sufferers and their family members.

Addiction grows in a bed of pre-existing emotional turmoil, and the feelings of anxiety,

shame, guilt, and worthlessness that increase risk for addiction will only become worse as

the chemical dependency deepens. Drug abuse also creates fresh emotional complications

for everyone it affects. Emotional pain and disruption is inevitable for drug addicts and

their loved ones, and only through treatment and recovery can families escape the

pernicious effects of chemical dependency.

Drug addiction is a physical disorder with profound emotional ramifications and

dimensions. More than seven million Americans are dependent on some type of illicit

drug or misused medication, and the effects of their addiction are like ripples in a pond,

spreading outward to cause pain and misery for everyone in the addict’s social and family

circles.

The emotional devastation of drug addiction is experienced most directly and acutely

by addicts themselves. But spouses, children, parents, grandparents, siblings, extended

family members, and close friends also feel addiction’s impact, and their emotional

reactions range across a broad landscape of pain, stress, and discouragement.

Drug addiction can easily develop among people using illicit substances to numb their

pre-existing emotional pain, but this is not a strategy that will work for long (if it works at

all). Eventually, tolerance for the drug advances, and users have to take more and more of

their substance of choice to experience the same effects—which is the primary reason

why these substances are so addictive.

Another problem is that drugs themselves create fresh chemical imbalances in the

brain—or reinforce the old ones—which can lead to increased emotional instability. The

person may have initially turned to drugs to help them forget or suppress their memories

and the feelings of anxiety or worthlessness that accompany them. But once someone

develops a drug abuse problem, they can experience dramatic mood swings that cause

buried feelings of low self-esteem and low self-confidence to come bubbling to the

surface, often with overwhelming intensity.

 Physical

Drugs are chemicals that affect the body and brain. Different drugs can have different

effects. Some effects of drugs include health consequences that are long-lasting and

permanent. They can even continue after a person has stopped taking the substance.

There are a few ways a person can take drugs, including injection, inhalation and

ingestion. The effects of the drug on the body can depend on how the drug is delivered.

For example, the injection of drugs directly into the bloodstream has an immediate

impact, while ingestion has a delayed effect.

Different types of drugs affect your body in different ways, and the effects associated

with drugs can vary from person to person. How a drug effects an individual is dependent

on a variety of factors including body size, general health, the amount and strength of the

drug, and whether any other drugs are in the system at the same time. It is important to

remember that illegal drugs are not controlled substances, and therefore the quality and

strength may differ from one batch to another. Drugs can have short-term and long-term

effects. These effects can be physical and psychological, and can include dependency.

You may act differently, feel differently and think differently if you have taken drugs.

And you may struggle to control your actions and thoughts.

You might begin to use drugs without thinking about any harm to your body. You

might think drugs won't become a problem because you are only a casual user. The more

you take a drug, the more likely you are to build up a tolerance to its effects. This can

lead to the need to take larger doses to obtain the effects of the drug. For this reason,

evidence suggests that after prolonged use, many drugs can cause dependence. Drug

dependence can quickly begin to affect your psychological and physical health, and can

also affect your work and social life. It is important to remember that there is no safe

level of drug use. Be careful when taking any kind of drug.

 Social

Addiction can unapologetically take control and destroy everything in someone’s life,

including the relationships they have with friends, loved ones, and simple everyday

encounters with people. For some people dealing with addiction, specific relationships

can be more dynamic, where people play cause-and-effect roles. This makes breaking the

cycle of addiction exceptionally hard, as it changes everything around the person who is
dealing with it, including the people who love them. When drugs take hold of the main

pleasure-center of the brain, relationships can often fall by the wayside.

One of the most common frustrations people have with their loved one who is

addicted to drugs is the level of secrecy involved in their daily lives. When a loved one

begins to center their lives around drug use, they may not be fully aware of how much

they are spiraling out of control. At a certain point, when and if they’ve realized how bad

their drug misuse has gotten, they will immediately revert to feelings of shame and guilt.

This causes people to become very secretive about their activities and overall state of

being. Little white lies that seem harmless start turning into bigger deceptions, sometimes

leading a person to live a double life to cover up their drug use. The biggest motivating

factor of some of this behavior is fear of judgment. Some people will begin to isolate

themselves from people who know them best in order to cover their lies and addiction

that is spiraling out of control.

Common lies begin with simple things like lying who they are hanging out with,

locations they are frequenting, where money is being spent, why stuff in the house are

missing, and other questions about their odd behaviors. This usually occurs at the very

point when someone’s drug misuse turns into an addiction that will quickly begin to

erode away at their intrapersonal relationships the most.

A natural result of dealing with someone’s constant lies is a loss of trust.

Deception, secrecy, and unexplainable distancing from someone who may be dealing

with addiction can quickly rob the relationship of trust. These issues are mostly felt along

with things like loss of respect, resentment, and disloyalty. When these feelings fester,

they can begin to erode a relationship from the inside out. Romantic relationships can be
most damaged by addiction for reasons of distrust, especially when issues of jealousy,

possessiveness, and fear are not discussed productively. Often, people who are in the

grips of addiction don’t have the energy or desire to spend on relationships or people who

are not related to their drug use. Many spouses and significant others fall into second

place to drugs, and the people their addicted loved one is spending time with while

participating in their use. Trust is an essential part of any relationship, whether it is

romantic or not. Once trust is lost, it’s challenging for someone with an addiction to

maintain relationships without seeking treatment.

An incredibly traumatic effect that addiction can have on relationships is domestic

violence. Much displaced anger and growing resentment in a relationship where drugs are

involved can bubble up and explode in violent ways, leading to potentially fatal

consequences. If someone is using substances that can cause aggressive behavior; small

fights can quickly ignite and turn into uncontrollable rage. Those living with people who

are addicted to drugs that can lead to wildly volatile behavior are at severe risk for

victimization, along with any other family members or children living in the home. In

turn, the violence can also be exhibited by the person in the relationship who is not using

drugs. They are angry at the person with addiction for their disease and are acting out

their anger in abusive ways. Both situations are unfortunately common and are not

always dealt with properly, causing many to suffer in silence due to shame and fear.

When someone loves or cares for a person with an addiction, their love can

sometimes cloud their judgment. It’s not uncommon for loved ones to try to “help” the

person with the addiction, but in ways that end up enabling the person to continue using

drugs. Typical enabling behaviors include taking over responsibilities and feelings of the
loved one with an addiction, working to minimize negative consequences for the person

struggling with addiction, taking on blame for someone else’s addiction, and making

excuses for poor behavior. Financial enabling is also a classic way some may feel they

are helping, when they are in fact, hurting someone who is unable to control their drug

misuse. A loved one may think that their money will go towards groceries, self-care, or

other things like transportation, when in reality, someone who is in the depths of

addiction will use cash for drugs before all else. The fine line between helping and

hurting can be very difficult for all people involved.

Just like enablers, people who are in codependent relationships with people who

suffer from addiction will usually not realize that they are not helping as much as they

think they are. Codependent relationships are always one-sided. Someone who is

codependent on a loved one with addiction may be suffering because of the effects of

their drug misuse, but also enjoys being in charge of the role of “caretaker” for that

person. They enjoy the feeling of being needed, or that the person with addiction comes

to them for help. Often these behaviors are coupled with martyrdom, of the constant

feeling of sacrifice for the good of someone else, even if that person is actually suffering

from substance use disorder and doesn’t need the kind of help they are offering! These

people are often fulfilling their own needs of attachment and closeness, but unfortunately,

for all the wrong reasons. Coupled with enabling behaviors, these relationships are often

the most toxic and exist in all kinds of relationships from familial to romantic and even

close friendship.

Those who seek treatment will often be enrolled in counseling that can involve

other people like family members, spouses, significant others, and close friends. The
repairing of dysfunctional behaviors and habits that are results of addiction can be

difficult, but with the tools that are provided and taught in treatment, the recovery process

can be a great time of healing for all of those who have had their relationships impacted

by addiction.

Drug addiction as a social problem

Problems and Issues of Drug Addiction Singh, et. al (1978) attempted to indicate

that the family environment plays a great role in drug abuse behavior. The study reveals

that drug addicted persons, in general, hailed from families where at least one or two

persons are affected by chain smoking or drug abuse. Khan (1985) illustrates that a

number of research findings referred to earlier bring out differing views on drug-users.

Some report that drug-users are creative (Buckman, 1971) while others infer that they are

under-achievers. Likewise, while some observe that they are adequately integrated in the

social group, others observe that they are some sort of ‘drop- outs’ (James, 1969). In

other words, drug-users are outstanding and also not out-standing. To prevent the

problem of drug abuse, some scholars want to reduce the traditional methods of treatment

of drug addicted persons. They emphasized on the psychotherapeutic approach,

personality development and process of adaptation and adjustment with the environment

of the drug abusers (Jayachandran, 1990).

Prashant (1993) writes that the worst aspect of the drug trade is that it affects the

vulnerable the most. The youth, who are struggling for an independent identity and who

have the innate curiosity and urging for experimentation so essential for going ahead in

the world, fall an easy prey to drug abuse. Heroin and other drugs users frequently inject

directly into their veins and share dirty needles. This is one of the major pathways for
spreading AIDS. Prison authorities the world over are discovering, not only that more

and more of their inmates are ill with AIDS or carrying HIV, but that the prison

environment itself is conducive to spreading the virus. Single sex prisons lead to

homosexual encounters, both voluntary and forced, while the presence of drugs, together

contraband needles and no means of sterilization, leads to rapid transmission through

intravenous drug use (Gracious, 1994:79).

Riehman (1996) indicates that HIV is spread from IDUs to the general population

through unprotected sexual contact. Virtually all studies of risk behavior among IDUs in

both developed and developing countries find that IDUs are sexually active; having both

injecting 50 and non-injecting partners, and uses condoms infrequently. While most

studies show that there is a stronger association between injecting behavior and HIV

seropositivity, some do indicate that sexual behavior contributes to HIV risk among

IDUs.

Panda, Chatterjee, Abdul- Quader (2002) observe that besides through sharing of

injecting equipment, HIV is also transmitted and acquired through unprotected sexual

intercourse. Ahuja (2003) writes that an alcoholic is different from an ‘occasional

drinker’. Any person who takes alcohol is a ‘drinker’, while a ‘compulsive drinker’ who

cannot live without taking alcohol is called an ‘alcoholic’. Drug users, who take drugs to

seek instant remedies to their depression, frustration and anger, suffer physically,

economically, emotionally as well as socially.

The relationship between drugs and crime is one of the central concerns of British

drugs research and policy. Reviewing the drugs-crime literature Seddon (2000) outlines
three explanatory models: drug use leads to crime; crime leads to drug use and crimeand

drugs are related to other factors.

In the first model, ‘Drugs leads to Crime’, Seddon argues that at best this offers

only a partial explanation. Unsupported by research this stance fails to acknowledge

wider complexities and views drug user-offenders as passive actors. The second model,

‘Crime leads to Drugs’ has also been criticized for a mechanist causal approach and for

being value laden. Value judgements may be at play here as some user-offender’s may

not be involved in crime prior to drug use and not everyone involved in irregular

economies use heroin or commits property crimes. Within the Crime-Drugs-related to

Other factors model, the user-offender nexus needs to be viewed within a wider

socioeconomic context that is influenced by subcultures, lifestyles, individual factors

such as drug preference and the effects of long-term drug use.

Overcoming and recovering from drug addiction

The individuals who are most at risk of developing problem drug use are those

who are at the margins of society. They are individuals who are socially and

economically marginalized and disaffected from school, family, work and standard forms

of leisure. However, the relationship between these factors and drug use is not linear. For

example, although the majority of problem drug users may have experienced a number of

these problems the converse may not hold true; that is, individuals who are economically

and politically/socially marginalized will not necessarily become problematic drug users.

Neale suggests however that particular sub-groups of the population such as the

homeless, those who have been in care and/or excluded from school and those in contact

with the criminal justice system or mental health services are more susceptible to the
various risk factors and that drug misuse is more prevalent among these particular groups

(Neale 2002).

According to Spooner (2005) the social environment is a powerful influence on

health and social outcomes. In this context drug use and related problems result from the

complex interplay of the individual and the environment whereby social institutions or

structures can influence the environment in a manner that can influence drug use and

related problems. Societal structures include government policies, taxation systems, laws

and service systems such as welfare, education, health and justice. As such increased

attention to the ‘social’ determinants of drug use is required.

People from all backgrounds and classes take drugs for many reasons: for

pleasure, to treat physical or emotional pain, for stress or anxiety, or because their friends

do. But

the pattern of who develops a drug problem and encounters other problems shows a

close link between drug misuse and social exclusion.

The first signs of the link between problematic drug use and social exclusion

became apparent in the US post-war period as some of the big cities encountered the first

shocks of de-industrialization. A series of studies by the Chicago School of Sociology

showed clearly that poverty and decay in inner cities were the key causes of the heroin

epidemics of the 1950s and 1960s in New York, Chicago and other US cities. In the

1980s those same factors helped to fuel the crack epidemics in the US. An influential

study by Parker et al (1986) undertaken in the Wirral during the 1980s showed the

average prevalence of heroin users across the peninsular was 18.2 per 1,000 among 16-24
year-olds. But the spread ranged in different districts from zero to 162 per 1,000. The

variation in geographical prevalence was highly correlated with seven indicators of

background deprivation levels in each area: unemployment rate, council tenancies,

overcrowding, larger families, unskilled employment, single parent families and lack of

access to a car.

A study by Dr. Laurence Gruer of some 3,715 drug related emergency hospital

admissions in Greater Glasgow from 1991 to 1996 plotted them by postcode using a

standard index of deprivation (cited ACMD 1998). The admission rate from the most

deprived areas exceeded that from the least deprived areas by a factor of 30, so that if the

admission rate for the least deprived area had applied across the city, the number of

admissions would have been 92 per cent lower. It was noted that the relationship between

deprivation and drug misuse is higher than any other health variable they had studied.
 METHODOLOGY

Collection of Data

The respondents we have chosen for our study were either residents in Guadalupe,

Baybay City, Leyte or students who were boarders and temporarily resided within the

locality. For our Case Study, we conducted an in-depth interview with all the respondents

in gathering our data. We first asked for their consent to be interviewed and informed

them beforehand what type of interview we would hold and the kind of questions they

would be required to answer. We assured them that their identity would be kept

anonymous and the information that they would provide will be kept confidential and

used for academic purposes only, so their names will be represented with corresponding

numbers for privacy sake.

We formulated the set of questions based on our objectives, and proposed

additional questions during the interviews for further detail and explanation, or when the

answers lacked sufficient information based on their previous answers. The built-in voice
recorder in our mobile phones were used as a technological tool in the recording of each

interview. The interview took 22 minutes at maximum and 7 minutes at minimum, and

was conducted within the span of only 2 days.

Questions:

1. What is your socio-demographic profile? (Name, Age, Sex, Socio-economic

Status, Civil Status)

2. What types of drugs do you use?

3. How often do you used drugs?

4. What age did you start and stopped using drugs?

5. What factors/ influences caused you to develop the vice?

6. Were there people who urged/influenced you to do drugs?

7. What are the reasons that caused you to quit and stop the vice?

8. Who were the people who helped you change for the better?

9. How did it affect/ change the way you think?

10. Did it affect your mental performance/ability at school?

11. How did it affect your emotions?

12. Did you notice a shift in your mood/emotional state?

 13. How did it affect your health?

14. Did it change your physical appearance?

15. How did it affect your relationship with people?

16. Did it change your behavior with people in any way?

17. Repeat questions for the post effects and changes.

Respondent No. 1

Interviewer: Full name nimo ya

Interviewee: Jefferson Dillo Baja
Interviewer: Age?
Interviewee :21
Interviewer: Civil status?
Interviewee: single
Interviewer: socioeconomic status?
Interviewee: unsa mana?
Interviewer: Average, below average, above average
Interviewee: Average
Interviewer: What kind of drugs did you use?
Interviewee: shabu marijuana
Interviewer: How often did you use drugs before?
Interviewee: Twice a day, everyday
Interviewer: What age did you start and stopped using drugs?
Interviewee: 14-20
Interviewer: what factors /influence that caused you to develop the vice?
Interviewee: koan barkada tapos curiosity, mao ra man siguro
Interviewer: e're there people who encouraged you to do drugs?
Interviewee: friends, mga barkada
Interviewer: what are the.reasons that caused you to quit and stop the vice?
Interviewee: duterte, tapos koan kanang uyab koan kanang realization, mao ra
Interviewer: who were the people who helped you change for the better?
Interviewee: barkada gihapon niya uyab
Interviewer: How did it affect/change the way you think? Sa imo ba mental na paghuna2
ya, nausab ba?
Interviewee: wa man, mao ra man.gihapon
Interviewer: unsa man nga mao ra man gihapon ya
Interviewee: mao ra gihapon
Interviewer: wala gyud nausab ya?
Interviewee: wala
Interviewer: imo mental performance sa school?
Interviewee: wala sad
Interviewer: did it affect your mental performance/ability at school or work?
Interviewee: wla
Interviewer: how did it affect your emotions? Sa imo emotions kuya, nakaapekto?
Interviewee: emotional gyud kaayo kay mingawon man
Interviewer: did you notice a shift on your mood?
Interviewee: mood swings
Interviewer: how did it affect your health?
Interviewee: wala man siguro, nagniwang diay
Interviewer: Did it change your physical appearance?
Interviewee: mao na lagi to, nagniwang
Interviewer: how did it affect your relationship with people?
Interviewee: sensitive sa mga tawo, dali ra masuko
Interviewer: how did it change your behavior with people in any way?
Interviewee: koan siaw kaayo, di kamao mauwaw, sigeg gara2
Interviewer: paghuman na ni ya ha. Unsa na man maingon nmo aa imo mental aspect ya?,
unsay nausab after wa naka migamit?
Interviewee: taas na imo pasensya, naa na kay pagsabot sa mga tawo, kahibaw na ka
mudawat og rason dli parehas sauna nga isog ra kaayo.
Interviewer: Unya imo mental performance sa school?
Interviewee: wa gyud, normal ra man
Interviewer: sa emotional ya, sa imo emotions naay nachange?
Interviewee: wala, naiban ibanan na nuon ako mood swings
Interviewer: sa imo health ya, naay nausab?
Interviewee: Nanambok
Interviewer: sa imo relationship with people ya?
Interviewee: getting stronger
Interviewer: unya sa imo way sa pagtreat nmo with people?
Interviewee: mao ra gihapon
Interviewer: Sige mao ra to ya

Respondent No. 2

Interviewer: Full name nimo ya

Interviewee: Mike Fuentes
Interviewer: Age
Interviewee :22
Interviewer: Civil status
Interviewee: single
Interviewer: socioeconomic status
Interviewee: unsa mana?
Interviewer: Average, below average, above average
Interviewee: Average
Interviewer: what factors /influence that caused you to develop the vice?
Interviewee: bored ra nya layo sa family
Interviewer: we’re there people who encouraged you to do drugs?
Interviewee: friends, mga barkada
Interviewer: what are the.reasons that caused you to quit and stop the vice?
Interviewee: na kuan ko sa ako kaugalingon na sayop diay ako nya naka realize ko ngano
nabuhat to nko
Interviewer: who were the people who helped you change for the better?
Interviewee: kaila nya barkada
Interviewer: How did it affect/change you’re the way you think? Sa imo ba mental na
paghuna2 ya, nausab ba?
Interviewee: oh gud murag mabuang gamay Lang nya ma high wala nakay uwaw
Interviewee: mao ra gihapon
Interviewer: wala gyud nausab ya?
Interviewee: nausab
Interviewer: imo mental performance sa school?
Interviewee: grado ni gamay na dili pariha sauna
Interviewer: did it affect your mental performance/ability at school or work?
Interviewee: nagbag o ngyud
Interviewer: how did it affect your emotions? Sa imo emotions kuya, nakaapekto?
Interviewee: oh murag na lain na something nga maka apekto sa emotion Jud okay Ra
kaayo mo gamit Kay feel nimo okay ra
Interviewer: did you notice a shift on your mood?
Interviewee: oh gud una Kay murag suod nko sila sauna pero Karon Karon dili na
syempre nag bago na Baya ko
Interviewer: how did it affect your health?
Interviewee: nausab
Interviewer: Did it change your physical appearance?
Interviewee: nag change
Interviewer: how did it affect your relationship with people?
Interviewee: oh gud una Kay murag suod nako sila nya Karon dili na syempre nag nag
bag o na Baya ko
Interviewer: how did it change your behavior with people in any way?
Interviewee: nag change gamay pero Mao Ra gihapon
Interviewer: Unsa imo gigamit kuya??
Interviewee: Smoke,marijuana,shabu
Interviewer: Kanus a Ka nag sugod nya kanus a na stop?
Interviewee: 15-20
Interviewer: kaila Ka mo gamit???
Interviewee: Thrice a week
Interviewer: paghuman na ni ya ha. Unsa na man maingon nmo aa imo mental aspect ya?,
unsay nausab after wa naka migamit?
Interviewee: nag change najid
Interviewer: Unya imo mental performance sa school?
Interviewee: ni dako na ang grades
Interviewer: sa emotional ya, sa imo emotions naay nachange?
Interviewee: Mao Ra gihapon happy nya free nako of good health na
Interviewer: sa imo health ya, naay nausab?
Interviewee: naulian gamay
Interviewer: sa imo relationship with people ya?
Interviewee: socialize/dili na mataha
Interviewer: unya sa imo way sa pagtreat nmo with people?
Interviewee: mao ra gihapon

Respondent No. 3

Interviewer: Sa personal info sa ta ya. Unsa man imo full name?

Interviewee: Achilles Monzolin
Interviewer: Imo edad, civil status ug socio-economic status?
Interviewee: Uh 51, Married ug Average
Interviewer: Sa questions najud ya. Kanang how often did you use drugs before?
Interviewee: Before? Halos adlaw adlaw mana kay kung nay kwarta adlaw adlaw man
jud. Sa usa ka simana tali mu palta ra tali nag duha ka adlaw. Bali five days per week.
Interviewer: Nya kausa ran a sa usa ka day ya?
Interviewee: O? Depende kung ganahan
Interviewer: Nya unsa pod. What kind of drugs man?
Interviewee: sa amo sanuna panahaon, ang ako raman natilawan noh. Aw Shabu natural,
mariwana, syrup, capsule, tabletas. Mga ingana, mao manay gamiton
Interviewer: Nya unsa man ka age nag sugod ug ni undang?
Interviewee: Kuan 14 years old gud ko nagsugod nya nahuman kog 31
Interviewer: Unsa to factors nagcause or naginfluence sa imo ya nga madevelop to nga
vice?
Interviewee: Una barkada, barkada man gyud una na influence
Interviewer: Unsa pay lain mga emotional reasons nga nag cause nimo?
Interviewee: Kuan raman gud unta na sanuna sa barkada murag amo lang ba past-time
hantod nahimo nagyud siya gyud murag habit nlng ba. Murag na part na ba gyud sa aong
kinabuhi.
Interviewer: Unsa may reasons ya ngano ni stop ka ato ya?
Interviewee: Kana! Ang reason ngano mistop ko? Si Jesus Christ ragyud walay lain. Kay
sa ang- Daghan man guy attempt nga muhunong bitaw- asawa, mapriso- ingon nga rason,
wala na ingon nga makapahunong na kay di man gud na sya makakuan na. Pwede man
gud ta muingon nga nagbago nata pila ka tuig, pero kanang bago as in bago, usa ra
makabago way lain si Jesus Christ ra.
Interviewee: Kung makakita lang mo sa ako mga barkada dinhi, kung ako silang isulti
kaila si Cyrelle. Pero Dungan mi ana, nya naa pagyuy kabarkada ana nga nagpatayay na
gani igsuon ra muy nag-unay. Kabalita mo dinhi? So wa gyud sila mu- ang ila ingon nga
magbago kay hadlok man kay gipasurrender man hadlok man anaon. Ug wa pagyud,
magsige pana hantod karon. Ang ingon nga undang man gud, kana ganing mga
temporary nga rason- asawa, anak, uyab o unsa ba- kung magloko na? mubalik napod?
Mas grabe pa. So ingana man ko sanuna mga attempt ba, asawa, naa koy anak. Pero ug
nalain na ganing kuan, oy nagbago gani ko tungod ninyo mura man nua mog nabuang
hinuon nagbago ko. Pero ug sa Ginoo, klaro. Si Jesus Christ ragyud na.
Interviewer: Kinsa may mga taw nitabang nimo pag-usab ya?
Interviewee: Wala man. Muingon ko ako barkada? Nga pareha man mi. Kuan lang
desisyon lang sa ako- sukad lang nakig relasyon ko ni Jesus Christ mao ragyud to wa
nagyuy lain.
Interviewer: How did you cope ya sa imo addiction?
Interviewee: Ah kanang kuan na sya oy mukuan man gud na sya sa laman gud og kanang
craving btaw. Pero kung buot hunahunaon lang gyud kana lage, kanang new identity ba-
Naan a koy relasyon sa Ginoo nya buhaton pa ba ni nako? Naa bay anak sa ginoo nga
mugamit pa, nga mutulak pa? Kay di raman gud to pag gamit ra ako tulak man gud to. Di
man to ingun nga user lang, pusher man sad gud. Syempre kay pusher di unay. Mao na
halos kada-adlaw gyud ko mugamit kung ganahan kay naa man koy permente magamit.
Interviewer: How did it affect or change the way you think?
Interviewee: O kay kuan man kung mga buhat nga hadlok ang taw mubuhat kuntahay
mangulata di man gyud na nako buhaton sawa pa ko magdrugs ba, pero sa kuan na di
nmn ko mahadlok mukulata. Di pod ingon nga wana kay control mura lag di naka
mahadlok ba. Sa amo panahon di man pod mi mga bastos ug huna-huna sa amo panahaon
wala nang mga rape wala na, bisyo ragyud amo.
Interviewer: Naka apekto ba gyud sya sa imo mental performance ya? Nagschool pa ka
ato ya? Sa trabaho ya?
Interviewee: O, mao tong naka hunong nakog skwela. Sa trabaho? Wa paman ko
nagtrabaho ato
Interviewer: Nya how did it affect your emotions sa emotional nga side ya atong
naggamit pa ka?
Interviewee: Sa ako lang ato, kung normal gani abueldog utok ug wa migamit. Pero once
gani mugamit ko, murag mukalma ko murag sa kuan pa ba murag nahiwasan sa hilanat.
Kung way drugs, murag nahilantan, mao na murag tambal ang drugs kung abueldo kay
mao raman na ang makakalma. Gamit, kalma- mupiyong raman ug mabungog na.
Interviewer: Did you notice any effect on your mood or emotional state?
Interviewee: O, maka apekto gyud na sa mood gyud. Kay ug normal, abueldo.
Makagamit, mas kuan man siya murag normal. Natural ug way gamiton mangita man ta,
syempre ma abueldo og wa makagamit.
Interviewer: How did it affect your life sa physical side, sa imo health?
Interviewee: Kuan, di man ko masakitin sanuna. Dili pod ko niniwang di pod kayo kuan
sakto sakto lang. Wala man kay katigo man sab mi matog- kakaon, matog. Kuntahay ug
di mi ganahag kaon mariwana lang makagana baya nag kaon ug pampatog mana.
Mamuwa sad ang mata depende sa gamiton- mamuwa, musiga, magluy nga mamuwa naa
poy musiga nga mamuw- dependes gamiton ako capsule mana ang uban muinject mana
ako di man ko muinject. Mao rato ang lawas murag mucrave.
Interviewer: How did it affect with your relationship with people?
Interviewee: Depende. Kontra gud ko sa mga nanay pero sa ila mga anak migo ko.
Tungod sa amo kuan ba ug ingon nga relayon sa mga tao, hingamigo man ko wa jud koy
kontra. Ang kanang mga nanay ra masuko kay kanang ila mga anak man sab murag
mabuang.
Interviewer: sa imo pamilya ya?
Interviewee: Ay natural lagot kayo ako mga igsuon oy. naay epekto sa relasyon sa
pamilya gyud kay kung kuan sa pamilya pa, kung musud gani ka anang adik adik gani,
mao raman daw na sakit nga kuan nakakahawa. Walay problema sa friends, daghan koy
friend. Nakasabot sila nako bisag mga adik adik man o dili adik adik, pinangga ko nil wa
nalahi ila pagtagad. Pero sa pamilya mao to
Interviewer: Did it change your behavior with people?
Interviewee: Wala man sad.
Interviewer: Sa after napod ta ya. What changed in the way you think, imo mental state
after quitting?
Interviewee: Pagundang nako murag humok ko makalimot, dali nako makalimot ug ngan.
Bisag agistorya, magilaila ta ron. Musulti ka ako si kuan ug kuntahay mag istorya istorya
tag mga 5 minutes tingali-
Interviewer: Pila man imo edad ato ya?
Interviewee: Mga 31. Karon depende sa estado, pero ug pa memoryahon maka memorya
man sab ko pero ug ingon kanang mga name2 ah dali rako makalimot ana.
Interviewer: Nya sa imo emotions ya sa imo emotional side?
Interviewee: Mura ra mag wa to. Muingon ra man ko sanuna sa ako hunahuna ato- anak
ka sa ginoo ug kanang imo tumaron makadaot- mao na di ko mugamit kay makadaot man
diay. Kay sauna kay- kana makaayo na nimo- ana raman to. Maayo ra man nag dili, huna
hunaon.
Interviewer: Nakanotice kag change sa imo mood ug sa emotional ato?
Interviewee: Taod taod pa gani kay ang sa ako man gud pag undang nako di man gud to
gradual nga pagkakuan. Kay pagdawat nakong Jesus Christ, kadtong mariwanag shabu
gisunog gyud nako dayon. Pagka ugma pag ingon nakong undang akong lawas nagkuan
gyud kana bang nag crave, wa gud gihilanat gud pero kuan baa ng lawas gusto gyud
gusto kay giundang gyud nako tanan- sigarilyo, inom- kay muinom man sab ko ig gabii
nya ana ba. Nakahuna huna ko nga lisora ba diay ani.
Interviewee: Ako musupak gyud ko anang ila ingon nga once gani muundang ka anang
imo bisyo diha diha dayon madaot, wa man lagi ko madaot lage? Buhi man gyud kong
testimonya wa man gyud ko madaot. Ingon sila ug muundang ug drugs ubo-ubohon or
magsakit sakit. Ang ako man gud syempre nahabit na ba kanang pag pugong, ang pag
pugong nga dili ba kay bisan ako mga barkada muingon man nga dia o. Ang pag balibad
ang ako problema sanuna, makaingon man sila naunsa naman ka? Dia na hinuon di naka?
Sila ang nabagohan kaysa nako. Di gud ko mubalibad unya nakatigo na mubalibad.
Interviewer: Pero after ato yaw a nagyud ka nibalik?
Interviewee: Wa nagyud, grasya sa ginoo, bisag inom wa nagyud. Wa napod ko ingon
nga musuway ko wa nagyud. Ngano musuway man nawa na gani, nalabad.
Interviewer: What changed in your health imo physical appearance?
Interviewee: Gwapo na
Interviewer: Nya how did it affect your relationship with peope?
Interviewee: Aw mas okey. Mas ni okay na kay ang mga nanay man gani muingon na
nga dada ni ako anak, kay kaniadto man gani muingon mana dia napod ang panuway.
Karon muingon na nga dada nlng ni ako anak Joo maynalang maulian. Mao na syay mas
nindot nga resulta nga dala sa Ginoo
Interviewer: Unya ang imo behavior pod sa people ya? Sa imo friends sanuna, sa family
Interviewee: Wa man na mausab ang pagtagad. Ang kanang kuan lang sila nua magsige
nag likay sa akoa. Di ko mulikay nila, silay mulikay nako kay muingon man nga sagdi
nlng na di man gihapon na mada nato. Close man gani nua na nako ako mga barkada ron,
muduol magpa counsel kunuhay.
Interviewee: Ang kuan gyud gikan sa kaniadto nga kinabuhi ban-ot gyud to, kay
nakaexperience gyud ko anang ako trip sanuna nga gusto ko mabuang. Kay ako sanunang
huna-hunaon unsa man gyud ning huna huna sa buang? Ingana ba, unja di lalim. Nya naa
poy mga panahon sab ug magsige kog drugs pod naa pod nang mga suicidal nga huna
huna pod labi nag mabad trip, naa pod nang mga barkada sanuna nga mag binuang
manghadlok- hala nay pulis- maka bad trip mana, daghan bayay likayan sanuna. Sa mga
problema pod lage, maka drugs makatrigger mana. Imbes ang focus nga mag lingaw
lingaw mudivert bitaw murag ingana, nganong ningil-ad man hinuon. So mao na di
maayong lingaw nang drugs, bisag unsa man gani nga kuan bisag nay problema di na
maayonga rason. Ang makatangtang ragyud ana ang Ginoo.

Respondent No. 4
Interviewer: Unsa imo name ya?
Interviewee: Pablo Arpociple
Interviewer: Age?
Interviewee: 49
Interviewer: Socio Economic status?
Interviewee: Average lang
Interviewer: Residence?
Interviewee: Taga utod ko pero dili ni amo balay nag renta rami ani
Interviewer: Kapila aka mugamit og drugs before?
Interviewee: Anytime lang kung gusto nako
Interviewer: Sa within a day?
Interviewee: Sa usa aka adlaw depende rapud pero kasagaran mga 3 times a day
Interviewer: Sa usa ka week kapila man ka mugamit?
Interviewee: depende rapud na nako kung kanusa ko ganahan pero kadtong nagbisyo
pako murag kanunay man ko ganahan
Interviewer: What kind of drugs?
Interviewee: Shabu
Interviewer: What age ka nagsugod og gamit?
Interviewee: Pag college level nako diri sa Visca mga 20 plus wa pako na married ato
Interviewer: Kanusa ka nag stop?
Interviewee: Last month pako, karon lang ko na year nag stop kay nag surrender man ko
Interviewer: kinsay nag influence nimog gamit?
Interviewee: Barkada lang
Interviewer: Unsay reasons ngano nigamit ka?
Interviewee: Gusto nako malipay sa ako kaugalingon og malingaw
Interviewer: Unsay reason ngano ni stop ka?
Interviewee: Gisturyaan lang kos mga tao na magbago nako, nya na realize man sad nako
na tinuod man sad ila gipangsulti
Interviewer: Kinsa na mga tao?
Interviewee: Police
Interviewer: Imo friends, family?
Interviewee: Oo, mga true friends and brothers and sisters, mao raman ila gi ingon sa
akoa na magbago na kay tiguwang nata, may edad nata
Interviewer: Kinsa may nitabang nimo para mag change?
Interviewee: Mao ra gihapon mga friends and especially wife, and government (police)
Interviewer: Miattend ba kag mga seminar parte ana?
Interviewee: Karon pako niapil , kay actually di man unta ko muapil ana kay
giserbisyohan nana nako sa Muntinlupa gud
Interviewer: Giunsa man nimo pag change ato?
Interviewee: Nag likay lang kos mga tao na manintal ba, nilikay lang ko kay dili nako
gusto na mobalik sa miagi
Interviewer: Sa kadtong nigamit ka unsa may mga naapektuhan sa imo mental
performance?
Interviewee: Daghan,ako kaugalingon, akong utok
Interviewer: Giunsa man pagka affect sa imoha?
Interviewee: Naa na tanan, kanang unsa akong gusto buhaton mabuhat nako, dali rako
ma trigger og ma out of control sad usahay
Interviewer: Unsa man imo na notice sa imo pag huna huna na nausab sad like depression
etc.
Interviewee: Ang ako lang ma notice kay mawala akong mga problema,plain raman ako
huna huna ato
Interviewer: Sa imo work?
Interviewee: Dili sad ko katug, sa didto pakos Muntinlupa makatug nako kung mugamit
ko baliktad na ba kay na immune naman ko, mangita gyud kog paagi na makagamit ko
ana
Interviewer: Unsay naapektuhan sa imo pag huna huna sa imo trabaho o pagskwela?
Interviewee: Wala may problema sa ako grado, ang performance nako murag mas
inactive nua kos trabaho kung makagamit sauna. Mas active ang tao mag trabaho kung
makagamit ana kay di man ka matug, di man pud ka kapoyon nya controlado man pud
nako ako kaugalingon
Interviewer: Wa kay problema sa pag huna huna like mga weird na mga butang kanang
mga hallucination and mga in ana?
Interviewee: Wala, ang ako lang gusto na mugamit ko na muactive akong lihok og huna
huna
Interviewer: Unsay mga naapektuhan na mga emotion nimo?
Interviewee: Wala man, normal lang gihapon, pero mao lage na kanang active k aba, dili
gyud ka kapoyon nya di ka ganahan na luya ka
Interviewer: Pero og di ka kagamit?
Interviewee: Luya ko, maluya ko basta trabaho, dali rako kapuyon pero og makagamit di
gyud ka kapoyon bisag unsa kainit.
Interviewer: Di pud ka dali masuko or emotional kung makagamit?
Interviewee: Dili man kay sauna batanon pako dali ra nuon ko masuko sa wa pako
magbisyo
Interviewer: Nakabantay ba ka na mag iba-iba imo mood while nag gamit?
Interviewee: Oo, nya usahay makulbaan ko kanang mag tuo kog nay mag atang nakong
tao sa unahan pero wa diay to, naa ratos ako huna huna
Interviewer: Ang imo health?
Interviewee: Wala man okay raman, as is raman
Interviewer: Wala ka niingon na nitambok ka or unsa?
Interviewee: Ang sa ako health hinuon kung ma overdose ka magniwang gyud ka kay
kuwang man kas tog, di pud ka ganahan mo kaon. Mao gyud nang apektado sa tanan
kung mugamit ka mao bitaw nang uban na mabuang kay di nila ma control ila
kaugalingon. Nervouson ba
Interviewer: Ikaw nervouson sad ka?
Interviewee: Oo, pero controlado man nako ako kaugalingon
Interviewer: Kadtong nag gamit paka naka apekto bato sa mga relasyon nimo sa mga tao?
Interviewee: Permanente labi nas ako pamilya
Interviewer: Sa imo friends?
Interviewee: Oo sad pero sa uban nako friends na wa mag bisyo affected gyud kay
nasuko man sila nako ngano na inana ko
Interviewer: Ni distansya sila nimo?
Interviewee: Nidistansya sila sa ako kadtong nahitabo sa ako kadtong wa pako mapriso
kadtong naa pakos Visca kay kanang Visca naa nay disco kada biyernes nya nawala lang
nang disco tungod namo kami sa amo barkada kay nay patay diha sa Visca sauna High
School mi nya College amo contra. Ara sad nidistansya ako mga igsoon nako kay
nabaligya man tong mga kalubian sa ako mga ginikanan sauna na gibayad sa prisohan
mao to pagbalik nakos Cebu didto nako nagsugod og bisyo
Interviewer: Mao tong naka trigger sa imo kadtong family problem?
Interviewee: Oo nga naka huna huna ko na ang ako allowance wala na diha nako
nagsugod og bisyo, tagsa nalang ko tagaan. Nya nanarabaho sad kos SM nya skwela kog
gabii pero wala lang gihapon ko kahuman 2nd year rako kutob
Interviewer: While nag gamit ka unsa man imo na notice sa imo behavior?
Interviewee: Wala man natural raman wa may nausab
Interviewer: Sa imo pamilya while kadtong nag gamit paka?
Interviewee: Naa man like kung masuko sila sa akoa utro sad kog kasuko mao nang
permi mi mag away. Mao nang ako dali rasad ko masuko og akoy unahan
Interviewer: Pero compared sa una og karon mag sige gihapon mog away?
Interviewee: Aw dili man, di man pud na nagger ako asawa
Interviewer: Dili pud siya dali masuko?
Interviewee: Dili
Interviewer: Aware to siya ato na time?
Interviewee: Wa siya kahibaw atong panahona
Interviewer: Wa pud to siyay na notice sa imoha?
Interviewee: Nanarabaho to siya kay tagsa na man lang ko mooli sa amoa, tagsa na lang
sad ko magpakita
Interviewer: Dili sad mo mag away ato?
Interviewee: Dili man
Interviewer: Balik nani na question compared sauna og karon sa imo pag huna huna
kumusta naman compared karon?
Interviewee: Aw lahi na kay sauna ang ako bisyo daghan koy mabuhat labi na kanang di
maayo, karon na nibiya nako ana plain na kaayo ako huna huna labi nan a naa ako mga
anak na dagko na kay sa kadtong gagmay pana sila wa man kos ila side gud, gusto nako
na malipay sila na naa kos ila kilid nag serbisyo nila
Interviewer: Sa imo performance sa balay or kanang imo mga buhat buhaton?
Interviewee: Dako na kaayog difference karon kay sauna tagsa ra man ko masugo, nya
karon halos ako na tanan trabaho
Interviewer: After karon unsa naman imo na notice sa imo emosyon?
Interviewee: Plain lang, wa man koy ika kuan pero kung magbisyo koi nom nalang
Interviewer: Sa kanang imo mga moods dili siya mag change change?
Interviewee: Wala man, mag change rani ako mood kung wala koy kwarta
Interviewer: Di ka makafeel kanang murag mag crave ka ato na substance or mag huna
huna ka na kagamiton ka ato balik?
Interviewee: Sa karon di man pero naa na sa akong huna huna pero wala nag ingon na
mugamit ko balik. Likayan nana nakon kay dili na nakon gusto na mausab ang mga tao
na nag tanaw sa akoa na ako na nagbago na
Interviewer: So plain na imo mga moods dili na mag swing swings?
Interviewee: Oo, dili nako ingon na mausuko, dili parehas sauna na sige kog kasuko nya
di nako macontrol ako kaugalingon
Interviewer: Sa imo health?
Interviewee: Okay raman
Interviewer: Ang kadtong nag gamit paka wala diay ka niingon na masakiton ka o
nagniwang?
Interviewee: Ang kadto ra ng ako kay kadtong nagniwang ko kay na addict naman ko
Interviewer: Ang relationship nimo with people after ka nigamit?
Interviewee: Plain lang, friend lang tanan, di ko mag ingon na kaaway na nako kay gusto
man sad nako na daghan kog amigo
Interviewer: Mas ni friendly ka kaysa sauna?
INterviewee: Oo, pero permanente man gyud ko friendly. Mi distansya lang ko sa uban
nakong migo kay nagbisyo man sad sila kay gusto naman ko magbago pero gusto sad
nako daghan kog amigo
Interviewer: Relationship sa imo family unsa may nachange?
Interviewee: Karon mas maayo na amo relationship na milikay nakos mga inana na mga
butang
Interviewer: Ang behavior nimo with people unsa may na change?
Interviewee: Wala man pareha raman sa una
Interviewer: Sa imo mga friends sa una na nag influence sa imo di ka mulikay nila?
Interviewee: Di man, di man ko molikay kay depende ra mana sa kaugalingon nimo kung
mugamit ka or dii

Respondent No. 5
Interviewer: Good afternoon ya, unsa imo full name?
Interviewer: Allanito G. Gimenez
Interviewer: gender?
Interviewee: Male
Interviewer: Age?
Interviewee: 50
Interviewer: Civil Status?
Interviewee: Married
Interviewer: Socio-economic status?
Interviewee: Average
Interviewer: residence?
Interviewee: Guadalupe
Interviewer: unsa man ang mga factor ngano naka develop ka adto nga bisyo?
Interviewee: gusto lang nako day, testing pud Kung unsay lasa
Interviewer: kinsa mga to na naka influence?
Interviewee: barkada, sila Ang naa permente.
Interviewer: unsa Ang rason ngano ni stop ka sa pag bisyo?
Interviewee: undang Kay get paid surrender ni Duterte Kay nanawagan nga pa surrender
ang mga user. Ang ika duha Kay ang pamilya para dli ma bungkag.
Interviewer: kinsa man pud ang ni tabang nimo para mo usab?
Interviewee: family
Interviewer: ge unsa nimo pag move on sa bisyo/change?
Interviewee: naa ra sa balay og bonding sa pamilya.
Interviewer: naay mga friends?
Interviewee: Wala tabang og doot, sa seminar daghay trigger usa na sya na malabalik ang
fiesta, disco, barkada. Dli me mo too totally wa na karon Kay ngano sa amo ge school
karun makaingon ko sa kaugalingon di nami ana Kung mga 5-6 na mi wa pero karun Kay
di pa gayud Kay 2016 pa naka surrender 4 yrs. pa
Interviewer: gi unsa pagka apekto sa kadtong vice sa imo paghunahuna ya. Nag trabaho
ka adto na time ya?
Interviewee: oo
Interviewer: gi unsa pag affect sa imo pang adlaw adlaw na thinking?
Interviewee: depende day, kung imo ge career maqa.ang kuan ba, naa gud pero dli gud
permente.
Interviewer: so Wala sya ni effect sa imo mental?
Interviewee: wa man pero sa akoa ra pero ambot sa uban
Interviewer: mag trabaho ka adto na time ya no? Wa ne effect sa imo performance?
Interviewee: naay usahay Kung mugamit ko ma gamhanan ko. Powerfull ba murag
scientist.
Interviewer: sa imo emotional kanang unsa imo bation after using or throughout the day
na ni gamit ka ana
Interviewee: wa man sa akoa, kugihan ra naa sa balay bisag kaglawon mag laba. Ganahan
pa singot
Interviewer: maka notice baka ya na ma change in mood?
Interviewee: naa man, labi na ako pressure taas.
Interviewer: murag walay difference sa nag gamit og wa?
Interviewee: Wala man, normal sa akoa
Interviewer: sa pisikal ya?
Interviewee: naa mo niwang gyud di mo dako.
Interviewer: how did it affect sa relationship with people?
Interviewee: naay usahay sa pamilya mag lalis. Taas ako pressure pero sa kanang mag
adik adik wa man ko dba ang uban mangaway pero sa akoa Wala man. Gawas nalang
hilabtan ko bisang di pa ko mo gamit labtab ko mo away Jud ko
Interviewer: so karun naka move on naka sa bisyo unsa na notice nimo sa imo
paghunahuna huna?
Interviewee: normal ra, walay difference
Interviewer: sa emotional?
Interviewee: amo ra gihapon Kay sa high pressure
Interviewer: sa physical?
Interviewee: ni dako Jud ko day, ni bug-at
Interviewer:social relationship nimo ya. Naa Kay na notice na difference?
Interviewee: dra rako sa balay day kami ra sa akoa pamilya

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 1. Socio-Demographic Profile of the Respondents

Table 2. Type of Illegal Drugs Used, Frequency of Usage and Time Span of the

Respondents’ Involvement with Illegal Drugs

Table 3. Causes or Influences in Developing the Vice

Table 4. Reasons Why the Respondents Quit the Vice

Table 5. Effects of Drug Addiction in the Psychological, Emotional, Mental, Physical and

Social Aspect in the Former Life of the Respondents.

Table 6. Effects and Changes in the Psychological, Emotional, Mental, Physical and
Social Aspect in the Present Life of the Respondents after Quitting the Vice.

Respondent Psychological Emotional Physical Social

and Mental
1 None Positive Positive Positive

2 Positive Positive Positive Positive

3 Negative None Positive Positive and

Negative
4 Positive Positive Positive Positive and
Negative
5 None None Positive None

Majority of the effects and changes experienced by the respondents after quitting

the vice were positive. The first respondent experienced no change in mental ability and

performance, but noticed positive changes in the emotional, physical, and social aspects

of his life reporting that he had less mood swings, gained weight and that his

relationships got stronger after quitting. The second and fourth respondent showed

positive changes in all aspects; the second respondent said that his grades got higher, his

health got better and his relationships with people were somehow restored, while the

fourth respondent noticed improvements socially, especially in his family relationships

and that his emotional outbursts had vanished and his self-control became enhanced, also

his weight returned to normal as his health stayed normal. However, he somehow cut his

social ties with some of his former peers in order to avoid the same habits.
 Only the third respondent reported a negative change in the mental aspect

claiming that he experienced frequent memory loss which made him forget the names of

people he just met. Subsequently, there were no changes in his emotional state although

he said the transition was emotionally distressful at first when he stopped using drugs and

all his other vices all at once and never experienced relapse afterwards. His physical

appearance improved and his health remained normal the same as before, while his social

relationships got better but some of the friends he had before who were also addicts

showed indifference and avoidance towards him after he changed.

The fifth respondent reported no noticeable change in the mental, emotional, and

social aspect of his life as he admitted also that his usage of drugs was only for fun and

was not severe enough to cause any drastic changes in these areas of his life. He did

notice a positive change in the physical area as he gained weight while his health

remained normal.
SUMMARY
 LITERATURE CITED

ASEAN, (2018) THE ASEAN WORK PLAN ON SECURING COMMUNITIES

AGAINST ILLICIT DRUG

https://www.ddb.gov.ph/images/downloads/Revised_PADS_as_of_Nov_9_201

8.pdf

JAMES EGAN, (2007) A report produced by the Scottish Drugs Forum (SDF) on behalf

of the Scottish Association of Alcohol and Drug

Actionhttp://www.dldocs.stir.ac.uk/documents/drugpovertylitrev.pdf

NAGALAND, (July 15, 2010) “http://www.alcohol-rugtreatment.net/causes_of_

addiction.html”. NBCC, Prohibition Committee

MONDESTER NYAKEMWA ONGWAE (2016) A Study Of The Causes And Effects

Of Drug And Substance Abuse Among Students In Selected Secondary

SchoolsInStareheSubCounty,Nairobicountyhttp://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/bitstre

am/handle/