NCM 105 Basic tools in nutrition
(NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY)
This course deals with the study of food in
relation to health and diseases and the
processes by which organisms ingests, digests,
absorbs, transports, utilizes and excretes food
substances it will also focus in the therapeutic
and food service aspect of the delivery of
nutritional services in hospitals and other
health care institution.
Learning objectives
- After the first trinal concept, students
are expected to:
- State the definition of nutrition
- Explain the base terms in the study of
nutrition
- Explain the base concepts of nutrition
- Distinguishes the nature and kinds of
carbohydrates, fats and proteins
- Identify the functions of each
macronutrient in the body
- List good to excellent food and
sources and factors affecting
requirements
- Enumerate and explain the essential
functions of vitamins in the human
body
- Identify the major minerals and trace
minerals and describe their functions
of the body
- Discuss the functions of water in the
body
- Understand specifically assessment
and diagnosis
Over view
 Basic concept in nutrition and diet
therapy
 Nutrition tools, standards and
guidelines
 Dietary guidelines and food guides
 Nutrition care process (ADIME
Process)
Introduction to nutrition
- Definition of terms, nutrition concepts,
classification of nutrients
- USDA Food guide pyramid
- My pyramid
- FEL
- Food labels
- Nutrients guidelines for Filipino
Six essential nutrients
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats and water
- Vitamins and minerals
“Based on the video presented”
You are what you eat?
Is a core belief of many culture in the wold
history, in India they do not eat onions and
garlic because they belief that foods that have
strong odours like aggressive and offensive
behaviours
Around the world in the history we see
fascinating and desire example of traditions
that center around of all idea that you embody
what you eat
You are what you eat
- The meaning of this phrase is if you
eat crappy food you will going to feel
crappy, if you eat healthy food then
you will feel and look heathy you are
what you put on your body.
- What you eat in terms of composition
of your cellular membranes, all the
way down to tiniest building blocks of
entire body those little blocks that
builds your bone, heart, muscles and
your brain you are what you eat
- In adult loses a 3 hundred billion cells
to all age in every single day, how the
body replace those cells? With the
food we eat, the food becomes the fuel
of our body own manufacturing to
replace cells that die.
- If we eat toxic, chemically not
nutritious food our body had a hard
time manufacture a new healthy cells
- Drink more clean water, eat more
vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds
 - Allow your digestive system to work don’t want to be crappy you need to eat
as it should and reducing chronic healthy food.
information with a better diet and
Example of you are what you eat
consistent exercise and you will be
able to abstract more good stuff out of
your food.
- More than 3 hundred billion cells
depend on the fuel you have your
body, make sure you make a good
stuff.
Different pictures of healthy and unhealthy
Nutrition
food
A very vital role in the disease prevention and
health promotion. Nurses must have adequate
knowledge about nutritional needs of
everybody and sick individuals, many lifestyle
and environmental patterns influence health
and well being
Nutrition is major modifiable and powerful
factor in promoting health, providing and
treating disease and improving quality of life.
Nutrition is important for all health
professionals. Food – any substance usually composed of
carbohydrates, fats, proteins and water that can
Nutrition – the result of the process (digestion,
be eaten or drunk by an animal or human for
absorption and metabolism) whereby the body
nutrition of pleasure.
takes and uses food for growth, development
and the maintenance of health (roth,2007) Made up of different nutrients needed for
growth and development
The study of food and how the body makes
use of it (Caudal, 2009) Nutrients – chemical substances found in food
that is necessary for life
The science of foods and their components
(nutrients and other substances) including the Anything which provides holistic development
relationship to health and disease, processes
within the body and the social, economic, Organic and inorganic substances that is
cultural and psychological implications to obtained through ingestion.
eating (Ruiz, Claudio, Diamonon, 2011) “organic – lipids, carbohydrates and vitamins”
Nutrition = Life “inorganic – water and minerals”
Nutrition is the study of food in relation to Includes development of body organs, supplies
health. All living cells need food and water to energy, build and repair cells tissues
live, the primary components in the food are
the energy givers and nutrients both need -An essential nutrient cannot be manufactured
water as the regime of their activities in the body in adequate amounts needed for
specific functions.
According to the video if you want to be
healthy then you have to eat healthy, it is a It means it has to supply from food or from a
kind and quality of food and water that more nutritional supplement.
consumes that determine a quality of life, if
-An essential nutrient is linked to a specific
deficiency disease.
For example, a child who lacks protein
develops Kwashiorkor a person who doesn’t
get enough vitamin c. the main treatment of
the deficiency disease is to supply the specific
nutrients that is additive.
Example:
Malnutrition
Note: not all nutrients are essential for all
species of animals.
For example: vitamin c is essential nutrients
for human beings but not in dogs
The study of essentiality for a nutrient is a
continuous process.
There are at least 45 ingredient nutrients that is
essential for human beings
Nutriture or Nutritional status
- Refers to the condition of how well-
nourished is the human body
- Depends on:
 Physical signs and symptoms
of food nutrition
 Medical history
 Blood and urine tests
 Anatomical changes seen in
imaging
 History of dietary intake
- Mal – means bad
- Is an undesirable state of one’s health,
which could either be an
undernourished individual or someone
who is over nourished.
Undernourished – caused by starvation,
secondary effect of metabolic disorder or a
medical condition that interferes the
nutritional processes in the body.
Over nutrition – example obesity, toxic
defects, excessive intake of specific
nutrient.
Nutrient Distribution in the body
- Water is about 60% of total BW
- Fat/lipids are about 20% of total BW
- About 20% of total BW is a
combination of mostly protein plus
carbohydrates, mineral and vitamins