•state the title of the work, the author’s name and the date of publication

•outline main ideas of the book and identify the author’s thesis

•state your own thesis statement and your main idea about the work

 The indolence of the Filipinos are a product of the ineffective system brought by
the Spaniards
 Contrary to what the Spaniards saw in the Filipinos – as indolent or lazy, Rizal saw
it as a product of a functional system produced by colonial domination; an
atmosphere created by the Spanish authorities to subdue whatever resistance
poised by the indios or the inaction of the Filipinos because of the created belief
that has been sawn in their consciousness that the colonizers are mighty and they
could not do anything but to serve them; or that they were as good as plowing and
tilling the land only; pray and work for the church to obtain the reward of heaven.
 The Indolence of the Filipinos is an
analytical study about the Philippine society during the
Spanish regime. Aside from being critical about the society,
Rizal wrote it in order to defend the Filipinos from the
charge that they were born indolent
 In contrary, Filipinos during the Spanish era, tend to
follow and obey what the government imposes and what the
church prescribes. As what Rizal said his mind conditioned
thus, the Filipino follows the most pernicious of all
routines-a routine, not based on reason but imposed and
forced
 Rizal dared to discuss the causes of indolence in the society so that it will serve as
the catalyst to effect social change. He did not merely criticize just for the sake
of criticizing but to awaken the people’s initiative to work towards reforms and
towards the attainment of man’s goal.
 There is a way out of this ‘system’ by which Filipinos are
held captive. The last part of the work gives us the solution
where Rizal proposed Education and National Sentiment as
the solution for Filipinos to be conscious and break from
this structured system created by the rulers. Without
education and liberty-the soil and the sun of mankind-no
reform is possible.
 This is the reason why Rizal
believed in Education as a means to start in building
national consciousness because this is the only aspect where
people could never be colonized.
INTRODUCTION

- Sobre la indolencia de los Filipinos, commonly known as The Indolence of the Filipino
is an exploratory and analytical study written by Dr. Jose Rizal in the year 1890
describing the Filipino society under the Spanish regime. Apart from being critical
of the society that was established by the Spaniards, Rizal wrote it in response to
the claims that the Filipinos are indolent. It is ironic how the claim of indolence is
rarely heard nowadays, in fact the Philippines is one of the main source of overseas
workers such as teachers, domestic helpers, caregivers, entertainers, medical
practitioners and such. However, this reality does not take away the relevance of
Rizal’s work to this day. It is largely due to the inefficiency of the administration
along with to what Rizal has stated, a lack of education and national sentiment. The
absence of progress and the unity among the Filipino people is still apparent and
should be handled well. But how can a country escape the negative claims given by
the colonizers if its current leaders are the one amplifying the backwardness of
the country?

It can be gleaned from the article how Rizal acknowledges that the indolence
among the Filipinos exist. In contrast to what the Spaniards believe, the author
perceive it as a result of exterior factors such as climate, social disorders, and a
product of an ineffective system yielded by colonial power. An environment created
by the Spanish rulers manipulating the people that they are mighty and the people
have nothing to do but to serve them. The causes is attributed by two main factors,
limited training and education of the natives and the segregation and lack of
opportunities (Ki, 2020). In his essay, Rizal emphasized the gap between the Indios
and the Spaniards explaining that the Filipinos themselves submit the thought as
inferior due to oppression and lack of opportunities. Through the works of Rizal, it
allowed the Filipinos to be aware of the injustices brought upon the colonizers,
concluding that education, a sense of sentiment and unity among the people could be
the key for the change that the country needs.

Rizal commendably discussed the grounds of indolence in the society in order to act
as a catalyst for change. He was not only critical to the situation of the Filipinos but also
aimed to awaken the initiative of the people in developing reforms and goals that will
benefit them. Today, instead of being addressed as indolent, the lack of discipline is
blamed for the Filipino’s lack of development. With the current situation that the whole
world is facing right now, the Philippines is one of the country that showed minimal
responses of recovery right from the start of the pandemic (Albert, 2020). Because of
this, the lack of discipline is often the ideal answer of not just the palace but also the
people as to why the country ended up in this situation. Still, framing the Philippines as a
country who lacks discipline only holds individual ones accountable and absolves the
administration and their representatives for an operative implementation.

According to Randy (2007), if an individual views it in a social context, there are two
reasons as to why Filipinos are being addressed as undisciplined. One is ignorance, and the
other is the distrust of the system. Ignorance for the reason that people do not follow
rules because they are not aware of it or if they do, they do not know how to make it work.
In the apparent lack of such education, people will improvise or stick to their habits.
Another is the distrust of the system. With the belief that following the rules only gets
you nowhere, the unequal treatment becomes the prevalent theme of the situation.
Resorting to the perception that the system does not work because of the discretionary
powers that some people get. In such a system, corruption is only the other face of
patronage, a vital ingredient in the highly unequal society we have.

The kind of society that we have becomes a reflection of the world that Rizal defended
years ago. The characters may have changed but the cycle of inequality, abuses, and such
still prevails. And just like how Rizal still hopes for the best of his people, there is still
hope for the society because we too are still evolving.
 -
- The apathy of Filipino elites is an indication of how social injustice still prevails in
the Philippines.
- The inefficacy of previous administrations paved the way for some Filipinos to
conceive anti-intellectualism as a form of empowerment.
- people should be aware of the wrong doings of the government. Those who are
fortunate should voice out their opinionsd and make use o fthe privilege that they
have. Being neutral and siding no one in times of crisis is like accepting the claims
of the Spaniards long ago- indolent Filipinos.
- The charge of indolence is hardly heard nowadays, for indeed the Philippines
has become one of the main sources of the world’s nurses, domestic helpers,
caregivers, seafarers, construction workers, musicians, entertainers, teachers,
call center agents, etc. Yet, Rizal’s analysis remains valid to this day. The lack
of advancement among our people is still, as in Rizal’s time, largely attributable
to defects in their education and the lack of national sentiment.

SUMMARY

- This was written by Jose Rizal as a response to the accusation of Filipino indolence.
Rizal admits that indolence among the Filipinos exists, but there could be numbers
of reasons behind it. He traces its causes to factors such as the climate and social
disorders. He defends the Filipinos by saying that they are by nature not indolent,
because in fact, Filipinos have been engaged in economic activities such as
agriculture and trade even before the arrival of Spaniards. In the end, Rizal
summarizes the main causes of indolence to the limited training and education
Filipino natives receive and to the lack of national sentiment and unity among them.
According to Rizal, education and liberty would be the cure to Filipino indolence.

ANALYSIS

CONCLUSION
Outline
Ki. (2020, June 10). The Indolence Of The Filipino – Does Rizal’s Essay Portray Nationalism?

Philippine News. https://philnews.ph/2020/06/10/the-indolence-of-the-filipino-does-

rizals-essay-portray-nationalism/

Randy, D. (2007, December 29). Rizal’s ‘Indolence of the Filipinos’ - Europe Solidaire Sans

Frontières. Europe Solidaire. http://www.europe-solidaire.org/spip.php?article9298

Roces, A. R. (2010, May 18). Cooperation. Philstar.Com.

https://www.philstar.com/opinion/2010/05/18/575831/cooperation