UNIVERSITY OF LUZON

POZORRUBIO CAMPUS
National Highway Cablong, Pozorrubio, Pangasinan

A Learning module in
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
GRADE 12
WEEK 1

FERDINAND D. GARCIA
Instructor

In this module you will learn how to …

Articulate definition of politics.
HUMMS_PG12 – Ia – 1
Differentiate the various views on politics.
HUMSS_PG12-Ia2
Explore the connection between the phenomenon (politics) and the method of inquiry
(Political Science)
HUMSS_PG12-Ia-3
Recognize the value of politics.
HUMSS_PG12-Ia-4
Differentiate government from governance.
HUMSS_PG12-Ia-5
The meaning of politics
 Politics (from Greek: Polis definition
"affairs of the cities") is the process of
making decisions that apply to members of a
group, it refers to achieving and exercising
positions of governance — organized
control over a human community,
particularly a state.
Furthermore, politics is the study or practice
of the distribution of power and resources
within a given community (this is usually a
hierarchically organized population) as well
as the interrelationship(s) between
communities.
How politics can be studied
Political science is the study a range
of political ideas, events, actions, and
institutions. It includes both understanding
and explaining the world of politics that is
all around us. We all participate in politics,
though most of the time we do so
unknowingly. Politics is much more than
simply voting in an election or working in
government. Reading or listening to news,
making donations to aid groups, or talking
with friends and family about social issues
and values are a few of the many examples
of political activity in our everyday lives.
The meaning of governance
Governance is all of the processes of
governing, whether undertaken by a
government, market or network, whether
over a family, tribe, formal or informal
organization or territory and whether
through the laws, norms, power or language
of an organized society. It relates to "the
processes of interaction and decision-
making among the actors involved in a
collective problem that lead to the creation,
reinforcement, or reproduction of social
norms and institutions." In lay terms, it
could be described as the political processes
that exist in between formal institutions.
Articulate definitions of politics
They are represented by the
articulation between social movements,
electoral institutions and political parties.
Political articulation can be defined as the
degree to which citizens and citizen groups
can influence policy through democratic
institutions.
Differentiate the various views on politics
Political parties base their political
action on a certain ideology believed in by
their members. We could divide political - constitute man’s activities in the real
ideologies under the following headers with world
many variations under each header: - the practices of elective and non-
Anarchism, Communism, Conservatism, elective political systems
Environmentalism, Genderism, - the process by which people try to
Liberalism, Nationalism, Religious, influence the government
Socialism etc. - the process by which the government
decides which policies will be
enacted
- the practice of state and government
Explore the connection between the - issues, problems, and activities
phenomenon (politics) and the method of taking place in society
inquiry (Political Science) - day-to-day actual activities of the
Politics as a Cultural Phenomenon. government
Culture is the symbolic process through - relative (varying)
which human beings cognitively order - everyone is involved
reality and transmit their ways of life.
POLITICAL SCIENCE
Culture is the symbolic process through
which human beings cognitively order - the scientific study of politics

reality and transmit their ways of life. - study of politics, political systems,

Examines the study of politics as a social and governments

science and explores the assumptions - focuses on the theory and practice of

underlying various methodologies used in government

the field. - theory of state and government

Reviews methods of measurement, - seeks to study the origin, nature and

comparison, and the construction of functions of the state, government

empirical and theoretical models of political and its all organs

phenomena. - universal studied by few

POLITICS Recognize the value of politics

- the actual process of how humans This means they vary across

interact in groups individuals and cultures and are in many

ways aligned with belief and belief systems.
Types of values include ethical/moral
values, doctrinal/ideological (religious,
political) values, social values, and aesthetic
values.

Differentiate governance from

government
Governance is the act of governing or ruling.
It is the set of rules and laws framed by the
government that are to be implemented
through the representatives of the state. ...
The difference between “government” and
“governance” may be clarified using an
example of a business which is run by a
group of people. Government is merely an
instrument for the purpose of governance
while, Governance is the exercise of
political, economic, and administrative
authority to manage a nation’s affairs.
Governance embraces all of the methods---
good and bad ----- the societies use to
distribute power and manage public
resources and problems.